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特色重组练四.阅读理解AVitamin D pills can help speed up the time taken for burns to heal, and prevent scarring, a new study suggests.The vitamin, produced naturally in the body when the skin comes into contact with sunshine, is believed to help protect against burning.Previous studies have shown that vitamin D pills help decrease inflammation, redness and swelling after sunburn, and may be one of the reasons the body produces the chemical.Now new research from Birmingham University has found it may also help combat (斗争) other types of burn. Researchers monitored 38 patients who had suffered serious burns for a year and recorded their levels of vitamin D. They found that those with the highest levels of vitamin D had better wound healing and less scarring.Vitamin D has been found to help sunburn but decreases rapidly in the body when people have serious burns. Professor Janet Lord of the Institute of Inflammation & Aging in Birmingham, at Birmingham University, said: “Low vitamin D levels were associated with worse outcomes in burn patients including life threatening infections, and delayed wound healing. Major burn injury severely reduces vitamin D levels and adding this vitamin back may be a simple, safe and costeffective way to improve outcomes for burn patients.”Patients with severe burns are at high risk of infection. That may lead to lifethreatening sepsis (脓毒症). Vitamin D is known to have antibacterial actions that may help combat infection and therefore aid in wound healing of burn patients.The researchers say clinicians often overlook levels of vitamin D in burns victims. Prof Lord and her team now focus on finding out why there is a rapid loss of vitamin D in patients immediately following burn injury and hope that they may be able to prevent this in future. The amount of reduction in patients vitamin D levels was not related to the severity of the burn, so levels may also be decreased in more minor burn injuries.Public Health England now recommends that all Britons take vitamin D pills in the winter because it is impossible to make sufficient quantities in the darker months.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了维生素D药片可以帮助人们治疗烧伤而且不容易留下疤痕。1How is vitamin D naturally gained in the body according to the passage?ABy preventing scarring.BBy producing the chemical.CBy helping protect against burning.DBy being exposed to enough sunshine.答案：D细节理解题。由第二段中的“The vitamin, produced naturally in the body when the skin comes into contact with sunshine”可知，维生素D的自然获取是通过与阳光接触，即晒太阳。2What does the underlined word “That” in Paragraph 7 refer to?ASevere burns. BBurned patients.CPossible infection. DAntibacterial actions.答案：C指代判断题。由本段第一句“Patients with severe burns are at high risk of infection.”可知，严重烧伤的病人会有感染的风险。故第二句意为感染会导致致命的脓毒症。3What can we infer about Professor Janet Lords findings?AHigh vitamin D levels can speed wound healing.BAdding vitamin D back is really simple and secure.CThey can prevent the rapid loss of vitamin D in patients.DThe worse the burns are, the lower the patients vitamin D level is.答案：A推理判断题。由第六段最后一句可推知，如果维生素D较高的情况下，烧伤应该愈合较快。4Which of the following can be the best title for the text?AThe Cause and Effect of Vitamin D PillsBExploring the Function of Vitamin D PillsCThe Research of Vitamin D Pills for BurnsDVitamin D Pills: Heal Burns & Prevent Scarring答案：D标题判断题。文章主要介绍了维生素D药片可以帮助人们治疗烧伤而且不容易留下疤痕。previous adj. 以前的，先前的monitor vt. 监测，检测；监督heal v. 长好，愈合；治愈第八段第二句：Prof Lord and her team now focus on finding out why there is a rapid loss of vitamin D in patients immediately following burn injury and hope that they may be able to prevent this in future.译文：Lord教授和他的团队现在集中研究为什么病人烧伤后维生素D会迅速下降，希望他们将来能防止这种情况的发生。分析：这是一个并列复合句，and连接两个并列分句。第一个分句中，why引导宾语从句，作find out的宾语；第二个分句中，that引导宾语从句，作动词hope的宾语。BWhats the one thing every child wants at school? More recesses! And that is exactly what some schools are giving students, which turns out to be beneficial for everyone. Eagle Mountain Elementary School in Fort Worth, Texas, is one of four public schools carrying out the LiiNK program, a project that increases recesses per day to encourage creativity, develop character and promote academic success.LiiNk was inspired by Scandinavian approaches to learning based on the simple concept of giving children more outside playtime and less time spent indoors. In Finland, where the system has been in place for decades, students have some of the highest scores on global assessment tests. Instead of spending increasing amounts of time inside the classroom, they are putting more and more focus on physical activity. Finnish kids get to enjoy 15 minutes of playtime for every hour of class.After spending six weeks in Finland in 2012, Debbie Rhea, the creator of the LiiNk and professor at Texas Christian University, discovered that the additional breaks of “unstructured (松散的) outdoor play” actually helped students improve their performance inside the classroom. “You start putting 15 minutes of playtime into these kids frequently and it gives the platform for them to be able to function at their best level，” she says.Other studies have shown that outdoor playtime decreases restlessness, tiredness and has a number of benefits such as improved motor skills, physical fitness, and social development. Debbie Rhea started adopting the program in private schools in 2014, and has since expanded her program to districts in Texas, Oklahoma, Minnesota and Utah. All the children in these schools are all happier for it. It just goes to show that the best way to raise happy and successful children is to simply let them be kids every once in a while.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了LiiNK项目，该项目提倡给孩子更多的课外休息和娱乐时间，从而使他们在学业上表现得更好。5Which of the following can replace the underlined word “recesses” in Paragraph 1?Abreaks BburdensCperformance Dtasks答案：A词义猜测题。通览全文可知，作者在文中主要讨论给孩子更多的课外休息时间，因此可知此处画线词与break意思相近。6What can we infer about the system of learning in Scandinavia?AIt doesnt give students homework.BIt lays great stress on physical labor.CIt helps students perform well in tests.DIt requires students to spend more time in the classroom.答案：C推理判断题。由第二段第二句可推知，这种学习方法能帮助学生在评价测试中表现优异。7Which of the following would Debbie Rhea probably agree with?APlaytime is beneficial to the students.BKids need platforms to show their talents.CPlaytime affects students creativity directly.DStudents should have more playtime at home.答案：A细节理解题。由第三段可知，Debbie Rhea认为额外的课外休息时间可以帮助学生提高课堂效率，并使他们发挥最好的水平。8Whats the authors purpose of writing the text?ATo reveal the finding of some studies.BTo inform readers of the LiiNK program.CTo introduce what Scandinavian approaches are.DTo call on readers to pay more attention to education.答案：B推理判断题。本文主要介绍了LiiNK项目的有关情况。assessment n. 评估；评价additional adj. 额外的；附加的restlessness n. 坐立不安；不安定第一段第三句：And that is exactly what some schools are giving students, which turns out to be beneficial for everyone.译文：这正是一些学校给学生提供的，这对每个人都是有益的。分析：这是一个主从复合句，which引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句的整个内容。主句中what引导表语从句。.语法填空After a heated World Cup match, the stands are _1_ (usual) left with food waste, cups and wrappers.But after todays match, some fans from _2_ (difference) countries, including Chinese fans and Senegal fans did their share of sweeping: carefully cleaning up their rows and seats in the stadium._3_ (equip) with large rubbish bags they brought along, the fans marched through the rows picking up rubbish to leave the place just as clean _4_ they had found it.“Its part of the football culture，” a football journalist Scott McIntyre told the BBC.“They might leave a bottle or some kind of food package on _5_ ground and then its often the case that people get tapped on the shoulder by the fans, _6_ (remind) them that they should clean up or take it home but cant leave it there.”“Cleaning up after football matches _7_ (be) an expression of basic behaviour that is taught in school, _8_ the children clean their school classrooms and hallways，” explains Scott North, professor of sociology at Osaka University. “I think its a wonderful thing that the World Cup brings so many _9_ (nation) and people together and they get _10_ (learn) and exchange these kinds of things. Thats the beauty of football.”1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了足球比赛之后，来自不同国家的球迷在观众离场后打扫球场的事情。相关人士对比做出了肯定的评价。1usually考查词性转换。修饰谓语动词“are left with .”，故用副词形式。2different考查词性转换。修饰空格后面的名词countries，故用形容词形式。3Equipped考查非谓语动词。be equipped with “配备有，装备有”。在作状语时，通常用过去分词形式。4as考查固定搭配。as . as “像一样”。5the考查冠词。on the ground “在地上”。6reminding考查非谓语动词。remind与其逻辑主语fans为主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，表示伴随。7is考查主谓一致。本句主语是“Cleaning up after football matches”，动名词短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数。8where考查定语从句的引导词。从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语。先行词是school，表示地点，因此用关系副词where。9nations考查名词。由空格前面的修饰词many可知，此处用复数形式。10to learn考查非谓语动词。get to learn “开始学习”。.短文改错Watching one of the flagraising ceremony in the capital left me a deep impression. On the morning of January, 1, 2018, my parents and I go to the Tiananmen Square. When we got there, a lot of people is waiting on the spot. Seeing the soldiers walking in sight, all of us felt exciting but held their breath. With pacing in order, and the soldiers came to the stand. Then the mostly exciting moment came. The flag was up little by little with the familiar music, and we sang aloud by it. The flag reached the top the moment the music came to end. Just then, cheers burst out from the crowds, that made me proud of our motherland.答案：Watching one of the flagraising in the capital left me a deep impression. On the morning of January, 1, 2018, my parents and I to the Tiananmen Square. When we got there, a lot of people waiting on the spot. Seeing the soldiers walking in sight, all of us felt but held breath. With pacing in order, the soldiers came to the stand. Then the exciting moment came. The flag was up little by little with the familiar music, and we sang aloud it. The flag reached the top the moment the music came to end. Just then, cheers burst out from the crowds, made me proud of our motherland.1ceremonyceremonies考查名词。在“one of the . ”结构中的名词用复数形式。2gowent考查动词的时态。描述发生在2018年的事情，用一般过去时。3iswere考查主谓一致和动词的时态。主语是a lot of people，且描述的是过去发生的事情，所以用were。4excitingexcited考查形容词。修饰人时用excited，修饰物时用exciting。此句的主语是all of us，故将exciting改为excited。5theirour考查代词。与主语all of us相呼应，故用our。6去掉and考查连词。前面“With pacing in order”是介词短语，不是句子，所以主句前不用and。7mostlymost考查副词。修饰exciting用副词most，意为“最激动人心的时刻”；而mostly意为“大部分；通常”。8byto考查介词。sing to . “随着歌唱”。9came to后加an考查冠词。come to an end “结束”，是固定用法。10thatwhich考查定语从句的引导词。非限制性定语从句不用that引导，此处指代前面整个句子，故用which。.书面表达假如你是李华。你的留学生朋友Jim对最近CCTV报道的家风(family rules)节目很感兴趣。请你根据提示写一封回信。内容要点：1家风的作用；2你的家风；3家风对你的影响。注意：1.词数100左右；2开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Jim， Yours，Li Hua精彩范文Dear_Jim，Im glad to hear from you, learning that youre interested in the program Family Rules, broadcast by CCTV recently. Now Id like to share with you some information.As is known, good family rules play an important part in building up our own personalities as well as our competence, which contributes a lot to a harmonious and prosperous society.When it comes to my family rules, being honest and kind should be put in the first place. Without doubt, it has a lasting positive influence upon my mental development. At school, I devote myself to academic performance. Never have I cheated in exams. In addition, Im always ready to offer help to whoever needs it. Im proud of my family rules, which are worth practising all over my life.What about you? Would you like to share your family rules with me? Looking forward to your reply.Yours，Li_Hua- 8 -
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