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Unit 5 What are the shirts made of?l be made of 由.制成（看的出原材料） Chairs are made of wood. be made from由.制成（看不出原材料） Bread is made from wheat(小麦).be made in 在.制造（可以接时间或地点） The coin is made in Beijing. The coin is made in 2020. be made into: 被制成.(后接被制成的东西) A piece of paper was made into a model plane.be made by 被.制成（后接人或工厂等地点） The model plane is made by Lucy. make up 组成(含主动意义) Seven days make up a week.be made up of 由.组成（含被动意义） A week is made up of seven days.l a pair of chopsticks 一双筷子 a knife and fork 一副刀叉 glass 玻璃 glasses 眼镜 silk 丝绸l ring: n.戒指 v. 响；打电话 Korea 韩国 Thailand 泰国 l grass:（不可数名词）草 on the grass 在草地上 by hand 用手；手工制作的 l leaf leaves :叶子 scarf scarfs (scarfves): 围巾 shelf shelves: 架子 thief thieves :小偷wolf- wolves:狼 self selves: 自己 half halves:一半 knife knives: 小刀life-lives 生命 wife wives 妻子l leave left left: v.离开 leave off 离开某地（出发地） leave for 离开去某地（目的地）l fair :n.展览会 adj. 公平的 unfair: adj. 不公平的 l be famous for = be known for = be well-known for 因为.而出名 be famous as = be known as = be well-known as 作为.而出名 be famous to = be known to = be well-known to 为.所熟知 Han Hong is famous to us 我们对韩红很熟悉l both.and.两者都. either.or.要么.要么.; 不是.就是. neither.nor. 既不.也不.l not only.but also. 不但.而且. as/so far as I know 据我所知 l produce :v.生产 n. （农）产品 widely :adv. 广泛地 wide:adj. 宽的l grow- grew-grown : v. 种植；栽培 grow up 成长 on the sides of mountains 在山腰上l It seems that + 从句：看起来;好像；似乎. all over the world = in the world = around the world 世界各地l be good for 对.有益 be bad for 对.有害 be good at = do well in 擅长于 be good with 善于应付.的，对.有办法l no matter 无论；不论，后接疑问副词。No matter what(=Whatever) you say, I wont believe you. 无论你说什么，我都不相信你。No matter where(=Wherever) you go,I will go with you.无论你去哪里，我都跟着你。No matter when (=Whenever) you come to my house, I will welcome you.无论你什么时候来我家，我都欢迎你。l find + it + adj.+从句：发现.是怎样的（it是形式宾语，真正的宾语在从句的后面）I find it interesting that so many people like playing football. 我发现如此多的人喜欢的踢足球是有趣的。l local: adj.当地的；本地的 buy sb sth = buy sth for sb 买某物给某人 l even though = even if 尽管 as though = as if 好像 most of the toys = most toys 大部分的玩具 l want to do sth = would like to do sth (更礼貌委婉) 想要去做某事 l a pair of 一双；一副；一对；用来修饰由两部分对称的物体组成的东西。 A pair of scissors 一把剪刀l hardly = hardly ever 几乎不 hard: adj. 困难的 adv.努力地 l avoid:v.避免；回避，后接名词、代词、动名词。 avoid doing sth 回避做某事l everyday:adj. 日常的；每天的 = daily every day：adv. 每天l 初中被动语态语法讲解l 1、语 态 分 类: 英语动词有两种语态, 主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如：I eat an apple every day. (主动) An apple is eaten by me every day. (被动)2、构成：助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词3、被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化 主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。l 一般现在时：am / is / are + done Rice is grown in the south of the country.l 一般过去时：was / were + done His lessons were not easily forgottenl 一般将来时：shall / will + be done Cars will be sent abroad by sea.l 一般过去将来时：should / would + be done The workers told me that the car would be mended as soon as possible.l 现在进行时：am / is / are + being + done The rooms are being painted.l 过去进行时：was / were + being + done The road was being mended.l 现在完成时：have / has + been + done His book has been brought here.过去完成时：had + been + done When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out.将来完成时：shall / will + have been + done过去将来完成时：should / would + have been + done 4、含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词+ be+ 及物动词的过去分词”构成。You must hand in your compositions after class. - Your compositions must be handed in after class.5. 在汉语中，有一类句子不出现主语，在英语中一般可用被动结构来表示，例如：据说 It is said that 据报导 It is reported that 据推测 It is supposed that 希望 It is hoped that 众所周知 It is well known that 有人建议 It is suggested that l by: 1.被 2.经过 3.通过 4.乘；坐；搭 5.不迟于 6. 在.旁边l allow sb to do sth 允许某人去做某事 allow sb not to do sth 不允许某人去做某事l in:+月份、年份、季节，早上、下午、晚上at:+具体时刻 固定搭配：at noon 在中午 at night 在夜晚 at midnight 在午夜 at christmas 在圣诞节on:+星期、节日、具体时间l surface:n.表面；表层 v. 浮到水面；重新出现 careless:adj.粗心的 careful:adj.细心的l traffic accident ：交通事故 The traffic is heavy.(交通量大) The traffic is light.(交通量小)It is raining heavily.(现在雨下的很大)l postman postmen 邮递员 man men 男人 woman women 女人 policeman- policemen 男警察 policewoman policewomen 女警察 Englishman Englishmen 英国人 Frenchman Frenchmen 法国人businessman- businessmen 生意人 但注意：German Germans 德国人 human humans 人类l a pair of gloves 一副手套 string 细绳，线 fly a kite = fly kites 放风筝 paper cutting 剪纸l look for 寻找（过程） find 找到（结果） find out 发现（通过调查、研究等发现）l think about 考虑；认为 think of 认为；想起 think over 仔细考虑l different kinds of 不同种类的 a kind of 一种 all kinds of 各种各样的 kind of 种类kind of = a little = a bit = a little bit 有点儿 kind = friendly 友好的 l learn to do sth 学习做某事 learn from 向.学习 learn . by oneself 自学 fairy tale 通话故事live and learn = Its never too late to learn 活到老，学到老l fly kites = fly a kite 放风筝 nation: n. 国家 national : adj. 国家的 international:adj.国际的l hold held held:v. 举行 compete: v.竞争；比赛 competitor: n.参赛者；竞争者 competion: n.竞争；比赛l come from = be from 来自 hear from sb 收到某人的来信 inventor 发明家 actor 男演员 visitor 参观者l each:(两者或两者以上的)每个，强调个体。后接单数名词。every:（三者或三者以上的）每个，强调集体。后接单数名词。l form: n.形式 v.形成 from: 介词 从；来自 tradition: n. 传统 traditional: adj. 传统的l try to do sth 尽力去做某事 try doing sth 尝试去做某事 beauty: n 美女 un.美丽 beautiful: adj. 漂亮的 l from . to .从.到. turn into 变成 turn . into.把.变成. object ：n. 物体 an object 一个物体l according to 根据. sky lanterns 孔明灯 be used by 被.使用 send out 放出；发送 send up 发射 send for 派人去请 send away 开除 send sb sth = send sth to sb 把某物寄给某人 l ask for 要求 in trouble 处于困境中 be covered with 被.覆盖 rise into 上升到.中 bright:adj. 明亮的l light: n. 灯 un. 光线 adj. 轻的；淡的；浅的 v. 点燃 light lighted lighted light lit lit l have/has been around for + 一段时间：已经存在.时间 fold : v.折叠 unfold:v. 打开 a pair of scissors 一把剪刀 l put on :穿上；增加体重；张贴；上演； put off 推迟 put away 把.收拾好；放好 put out 熄灭 put down 放下；写下 put up :举起；张贴；建造 piece: n.篇；作品 air dry:v. 晾干 fire: v.燃烧l lively:adj.生气勃勃的；鲜艳的 live: 活的（作定语） alive: 活着的（作表语，侧重生与死之间的界限）living:活着的（作表语或定语，强调健在的）l history:n.历史 historic: adj. 有历史意义的 historical: adj. 与历史有关的 by hand 用手；手工制成的l at a very high heat 在高温下 at the speed of 以.的速度
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