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Period 4 Grammar【学习目标】掌握定语从句的基本含义,初步理解由关系代词that,which,who,whose引导的定语从句的用法【知识导学】仔细观察下列句子,并注意画线部分的用法。The man who was here yesterday is a painter.昨天在这里的那个人是位画家。(who作主语)The man who I saw is called Smith.我见到的那个人名叫史密斯。(who作宾语,亦可省略)A letter that is written in pencil is difficult to read.用铅笔写的信很难读。(that作主语,指物)Is he the man that sells eggs?他是卖鸡蛋的那个人吗?(that作主语,指人)自我归纳：在复合句中,修饰或限定某一名词或代词的从句叫“(1)”。主句中被定语从句修饰的词叫“(2)”。【知识运用】1.A plane is a machine that can fly. that 在句中作_，指_.2.The noodles (that) I cooked were delicious. that在句中作_，指_3.Who is the man that is reading a book over there? that 在句中作_，指_4.They planted some trees which didnt need much water. which在句中作_，指_5.The boy who broke the window is called Tom. who在句中作_，指_6.The man（whom）I visited yesterday was my classmate. whom在句中作_，指_7.He has written a book whose name I ve forgotten. whose在句中作_，指_【三“点”探究】1. 定语从句的定义定语从句在句中相当于一个形容词，起定语的作用，修饰说明名词、代词或主句的全部内容，通常在被修饰的词语之后， 由关系词引导。2.有关定语从句的几个术语：先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。关系词：分为关系代词和关系副词。关系代词：引导定语从句的代词称为关系代词，如：that，which, who, whom, whose。关系副词：引导定语从句的副词称为关系副词。如：where, when, why。 3.关系词的作用：连接功能：连接从句引导一个定语从句。指代功能：指代先行词。语法功能：在定语从句中充当句子成分。注意：1)关系代词或关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。2)当关系代词在定语从句中担任主语时，定语从句中谓语动词的形式与先行词一致。3)关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略。 语法关系词指代4.关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分:who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是指人的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语或宾语。Is he the man who / that wants to see you? 他就是想见你的那个人吗?He is the man whom / that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。whose 用来指人或物,只用作定语,若指物,它还可以同of which互换。They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人的车坏了,他们都跑过去帮忙。或者：They rushed over to help the man the car of which had broken down.Please pass me the book whose / of which cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。或者：Please pass me the book the cover of which is greenwhich, that它们所代替的先行词是指事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语。A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。The package which / that you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包裹快散了。注意:当关系代词作宾语时常常可省略,而作主语时则不能省略。5.that和which可以互换,但在下列情况下只用that:当先行词是不定代词all, little, few, much, none, anything, nothing, everything等时。Is there anything that I can do for you? 我能帮你忙吗?当先行词被all, only, little, much, some, any, no, every等修饰时。The only thing that I can do is (to) wait. 我唯一能做的是等待。当先行词被最高级、序数词以及the very, the few, the only 修饰时。This is the best film that I have ever seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。当先行词指人又指物时。He talked about the teachers and school that he had visited.他谈到了他参观的学校和拜访的老师。在who或which 引导的特殊疑问句中。Who is the man that is talking to Mark? 与马克谈话的那个人是谁?【拓展提升】1.选词填空that, which, who, whose, 不填(1)This is the village I ever visited last year.(2)I will always remember the days we spent in the village.(3)I will never forget the boy ever helped me.(4)He lives in the room door is green.2. 用适当的关系代词填空1.Do you like the present I bought you yesterday?2.The storybook was written by his uncle is quite interesting.3.The boy computer doesnt work well needs your help.4.This is the best movie we have seen this year.5.The doctor we met in the street is from America.6.The passengers and the suitcases were in the waiting room had to wait for another plane. 7.Who is the girl you want to make friends with?8.This is the last lesson Mr Smith taught us.【总结反思】本课时的核心内容为“定语从句”,知识要点结构图解如下:Period 4 Grammar知识导学(1) 定语从句(2)先行词知识运用1.A plane is a machine that can fly. (作主语，指物)2.The noodles (that) I cooked were delicious. （作宾语，指物）3.Who is the man that is reading a book over there? （作主语，指人）4.They planted some trees which didnt need much water. （作主语，指物）5.The boy who broke the window is called Tom. （作主语，指人）6.The man（whom）I visited yesterday was my classmate.（作宾语，指人）7.He has written a book whose name I ve forgotten.（作定语，指物）拓展提升(1)that / which / 不填(2)that / which / 不填(3)who / that(4)whose1.that / which / 不填2.that / which3.whose4.that5.whom / who / that / 不填6.that7.that / 不填8.that
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