2022年考博英语-山西大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）第178期

2022年考博英语-山西大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题A new era is upon us. Call it what you will: the service economy, the information age, the knowledge society. It has changed the way we work. Already were partly there. The percentage of people who earn their living by making things has fallen dramatically in the Western World. Today the majority of jobs in America, Europe and Japan (two thirds or more in many of these countries) are in the service industry, and the number is on the rise. More women are in the work force than ever before. There are more part-time jobs. More people are self-employed. But the breadth of the economic transformation cant be measured by numbers alone, because it also is giving rise to a basic new way of thinking about the nature of work itself. Long-held concepts about jobs and careers, the skills needed to succeed, even the relation between individuals and employers all these are being challenged.We have only to look behind us to get some sense of what may lie ahead. No one looking ahead 20 years possibly could have foreseen the ways in which a single invention, the chip, would transform our world thanks to its applications in personal computers, digital communications and factory robots. Tomorrows achievements in biotechnology, artificial intelligence or even some still unimagined technology could produce a similar wave of dramatic changes. But one thing is certain: information and knowledge will become even more important, and the people who possess it, whether they work in manufacturing or services, will have the advantage and produce the wealth. Computer knowledge will become as basic a requirement as the ability to read and write. The ability to solve problems by applying information instead of performing routine tasks will be valued above all else. If you cast your mind ahead 10 years, information services will be predominant. It will be the way you do your job.1.A characteristic of the information age is that（ ）.2.One of the great changes brought about by the knowledge society is that（ ）.3.By referring to computers and other inventions, the author means that（ ）.4.The future will probably belong to those who（ ）.5.Which of the following would be the best title of the passage?问题1选项A.the service industry is relying more and more on the female work forceB.manufacturing industries are steadily increasingC.people find it harder and harder to earn a living by working in factoriesD.most of the job opportunities can now be found in the service industry问题2选项A.the difference between the employee and the employer has become insignificantB.peoples traditional concepts about work no longer hold trueC.most people have to take part-time jobsD.people have to change their jobs from time to time问题3选项A.people should be able to respond quickly to the advancement of technologyB.future achievements in technology will bring about unbelievable changesC.the importance of high technology has been overlookedD.computer science will play a leading role in the future information service问题4选项A.possess and know how to make use of informationB.give full play to their brain potential are involved in the service industriesC.involve themselves in the service industriesD.cast their mind ahead instead of looking back问题5选项A.Computers and the knowledge societyB.Service Industries in the Modern SocietyC.Features and meanings of the New EraD.Rapid Advancement of Information Technology【答案】第1题:D第2题:B第3题:A第4题:D第5题:C【解析】1.细节推断题。根据第一段第六句Today the majority of jobs in America, Europe and Japan (two thirds or more in many of these countries) are in the service industry, and the number is on the rise.（如今，美国、欧洲和日本的大部分工作（其中许多国家三分之二或更多）都在服务行业，而且这一数字还在上升。），可知服务行业提供大部分工作机会，故D选项“服务行业提供大部分工作机会”正确。A选项“服务业越来越依赖女性劳动力”：根据第一段倒数第二句，越来越多女性参加工作，但不等于服务业越来越依赖女性。B选项“制造业稳步增长”和C选项“人们发现在工厂工作越来越难以谋生”：根据第一段第五句，制造产品的人比例急剧下降，没有提到制造业薪水问题。因此D选项正确。2.语义推测题。根据第一段第十句it also is giving rise to a basic new way of thinking about the nature of work itself（它也形成一个基本的新的思考工作本身的性质的方式。）和最后一句Long-held concepts about jobs and careersall these are being challenged（长期以来人们对工作和职业的观念所有这些都受到了挑战），可见人们对工作和职业的思考方式完全转变成另一种新的，故B选项“人们关于工作的传统观念不再成立”正确。A选项“雇员和雇主之间的差异已经变得微不足道”：根据第一段最后一句，雇员和雇主之间的关系受到挑战，没有提到差异微不足道。C选项“大多数人不得不做兼职工作”：根据第一段最后一句，兼职工作更多，不等于大多数人不得不做兼职工作。D选项“人们不得不时不时地换工作”：文章没有提到。因此B选项正确。3.综合归纳题。第二段第一句We have only to look behind us to get some sense of what may lie ahead（我们只要回顾过去，就能对未来有所了解）和最后一句It will be the way you do your job（这将是你工作的方式），可知作者通过举计算机和其他发明的例子让读者知道未来技术的发展方向和对工作的影响，旨在表达要对技术的进步做出相应的反应，故A选项“人们应该能够对技术的进步做出迅速反应”正确。其余选项虽然作者有提到，但是不是核心意思。因此A选项正确。4.综合归纳题。在第二段中，作者提到We have only to look behind us to get some sense of what may lie aheadlooking ahead 20 yearscast your mind ahead 10 years（我们只要回顾过去，就能对未来有所了解展望未来20年以10年后的角度思考），可见作者反复强调现在就要把目光放在未来，故D选项“思考未来，而非看向过去”正确。A选项“掌握并懂得如何利用信息”：运用信息解决问题的能力是一方面，不是核心。B选项“充分发挥大脑潜能的人都从事服务业”和C选项“投身服务业”：服务业在近年来发展迅速，但文章没有重点讲在未来如何。因此D选项正确。5.主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句A new era is upon us （一个新的时代正向我们走来）和后文强调随着时代发展人们社会生活的变化，可知本文主要讲新时代的特征和意义，故C选项“新时代的特征和意义”正确。A选项“计算机与知识社会”，B选项“现代社会的服务业”和D选项“信息技术的快速发展”都不能完整概括文章主旨。因此C选项正确。2. 单选题Some of the worlds most important museums are confirming what weve suspected all along but didnt dare say: selfie sticks (自拍杆) are stupid.The Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) has banned the sticks from their exhibition halls to prevent damage to the artwork. If youve ever set foot in MoMA youll know what a difficult experience it can be. Not because it isnt an exceptional art institution thats given the mind-expanding exhibitions, but because of other people. The MoMA is one of the worlds busiest museumsadd selfie sticks among the crowds and youve got a recipe for disaster.The same situation can be found at many famous tourist landmarks. Like seat belts, the selfie stick problem doesnt hit home until someone gets hurt. An increasing number of sites have seen the potential hazard and put a stop to things before a “tragedy” occurs. The Australian Open has banned selfie sticks. Sports and music stadiums around London have banned the stick, as well.Yet the real issue behind the selfie stick is the selfie itself. Its somehow become socially acceptable for us to take the narcissism (自恋) of adolescence and extend it through adulthood, manifested in selfies. I admit that I do enjoy the occasional guilty pleasure of a selfie, so I cant and wont be a hypocrite about it.When it comes to traveling, though, when it comes to once-in-a-lifetime visits to sacred landmarks and world-class museums, Id hope that we could all turn the lens away from ourselves.Or simply put the camera away. Travel writer Paul Theroux once told his readers: “I never bring a camerabecause taking pictures, Ive found, makes me less observant and interferes with my memory.” How much do we rely on photo graphs to remember our vacations? Does it really matter that we have a permanent documentation of every moment of our travels?What if we entirely let go of documenting and just simply experience? I tried it for a day. It is what I imagine skydiving would be like: terrifying at first, then exciting and finally, when I got my mind to stop subconsciously framing every street scene, I became more present than Ive ever been on a trip.1.What do we learn about MoMA?2.As mentioned in the passage, selfie sticks have been banned in the following events EXCEPT （ ）.3.According to Paragraph 4, the author considers selfies as（ ）.4.Travel writer Paul Theroux is quoted to（ ）.5.In “I became more present than Ive ever been on a trip” (last paragraph), the author feeling can be summarized as（ ）.问题1选项A.MoMA is one of the most visited museums in the world.B.Not everyone appreciates the exhibitions in MoMA .C.MoMA has to be heavily guarded to protect the artwork.D.Taking pictures in MoMA can be a pleasant experience.问题2选项A.museum visitsB.music performanceC.sports competitionD.tourist sightseeing问题3选项A.a waste of timeB.a real life saverC.sometimes enjoyableD.mostly boring问题4选项A.instruct travelers on how to take quality picturesB.remind people of the beauty of natural landmarksC.persuade travelers against taking too many picturesD.encourage people to travel around the world问题5选项A.shockingB.appreciatingC.excitingD.confusing【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:C第4题:C第5题:B【解析】1.语义推测题。根据第二段第四句the MoMA is one of the worlds busiest museums（现代艺术博物馆是世界上最繁忙的博物馆之一），可知A选项“现代艺术博物馆是世界上参观人数最多的博物馆之一”正确。B选项“不是每个人都喜欢现代艺术博物馆的展览”没有提到。C选项“现代艺术博物馆必须戒备森严以保护艺术品”：根据第二段第一句The Museum of Modern Art has banned the sticks from their exhibition halls to prevent damage to the artwork.（现代艺术博物馆已经禁止在他们的展厅内使用棍子，以防止损坏艺术品。），可知现代艺术博物馆采取了措施保护艺术品，但不至于戒备森严。D选项“在MoMA拍照是一种愉快的经历”：根据第二段最后一句add selfie sticks among the crowds and youve got a recipe for disaster（在人群中使用自拍杆，简直就是一场灾难），可知在现代艺术博物馆拍照并不愉快。因此A选项正确。2.语义推测题。根据第三段第一句The same situation can be found at many famous tourist landmarks（在许多著名的旅游景点也可以看到同样的情况。）和第三句An increasing number of sites have seen the potential hazard and put a stop to things before a “tragedy” occurs.（越来越多的地点已经发现了潜在的危险，并在“悲剧”发生之前阻止了事情的发生。），在第三句后面讲述禁止使用自拍杆的地方，可知许多人在旅游景点拍照，并且没有禁止，故D选项“旅游景点”正确。根据第三段第四句和第五句The Australian Open has banned selfie sticks. Sports and music stadiums around London have banned the stick, as well.（澳大利亚网球公开赛禁止使用自拍杆。伦敦周围的体育和音乐厅也禁止使用自拍杆。），可知体育竞赛、音乐厅禁止使用自拍杆，因此B选项“音乐厅”和C选项“体育竞赛”错误。根据前文，A选项“博物馆”错误。因此D选项正确。3.语义推测题。根据第四段最后一句I admit that I do enjoy the occasional guilty pleasure of a selfie（我承认我确实很享受自拍的那种偶尔带着罪恶感的快感），可知C选项“有时享受”正确。A选项“浪费时间”，B选项“拯救生活”和D选项“大多数时候无聊”没有提到。因此C选项正确。4.语义推测题。根据第六段第一句Or simply put the camera away.（或者干脆把相机收起来。），可知这一段在讲述不要拍太多照片，最好不拍，引用作家的话用来举例证明，故C选项“说服旅行者不要拍太多的照片”正确，A选项“指导游客如何拍摄高质量的照片”错误。B选项“提醒人们自然景色的美”和D选项“鼓励人们环游世界”没有提到。因此C选项正确。5.语义推测题。根据第七段最后一句It is what I imagine skydiving would be like: terrifying at first, then exciting and finally, when I got my mind to stop subconsciously framing every street scene, I became more present than Ive ever been on a trip.（这就是我想象中的跳伞的样子：一开始很恐怖，然后很兴奋，最后，当我的大脑不再下意识地勾勒出每一个街景时，我变得比我以往任何一次旅行中都更真实。），可知作者的感受富于变化，从恐怖到兴奋，最后欣赏这种方式，因此B选项“欣赏”正确。A选项“震惊”和D选项“困惑”的感受没有。C选项“兴奋”是其中一部分。因此B选项正确。3. 单选题A driver can go through a red light（ ）a police officer signals him to do so.问题1选项A.whetherB.untilC.ifD.unless【答案】C【解析】考查连词辨析。A选项whether“是否，不论”；B选项until“直到为止”；C选项if“如果”；D选项unless“除非”。句意：（ ）警察示意司机可以闯红灯，他就可以这样做。根据语境，if“如果”警察示意可以闯红灯比较合理。如果选D选项unless“除非”，应该换成the driver cant run the red light才合理。因此C选项正确。4. 单选题Despite the（ ）conditions, the road was finished in just eight months.问题1选项A.attachedB.adverseC.adequateD.annual【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项attached “附加的；依恋的”；B选项adverse “不利的；敌对的”；C选项adequate “充足的；适当的；胜任的”；D选项annual “年度的；每年的”。句意：尽管存在种种（ ）情况，公路还是仅用8个月就完工了。因此B选项正确。5. 单选题He is not shy about naming the names of the famous women who have succumbed to his romantic（ ）.问题1选项A.wieldsB.wilesC.tacitD.tiles【答案】B【解析】考查词义辨析。A选项wields“拿着（武器、工具或设备）；掌握（权力）”；B选项wiles“花言巧语；巧计；引诱”；C选项tacit“默许的，心照不宣的”；D选项tiles“（贴墙或铺地用的）瓷砖，地毯，地板；（覆盖屋顶的）瓦片”。句意：他毫不羞于说出那些被他浪漫的（ ）所征服的著名女性的名字。只有wiles“花言巧语”和romantic“浪漫”可搭配，也符合语境。因此B选项正确。6. 单选题In English learning, a（ ）circle occurs when a student makes more errors after being scolded.问题1选项A.vigorousB.viciousC.voluntaryD.vertical【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项vigorous“精力充沛的，有力的”；B选项vicious“恶劣的，严重的”；C选项voluntary“志愿的；自发的”；D选项vertical“垂直的；直上的”。句意：在英语学习中，如果学生挨骂后犯错更多，就会形成（ ）循环。根据语境，vicious“恶劣的，严重的”搭配circle“循环”比较合理，翻译成恶性循环。因此B选项正确。7. 翻译题FROM ENGLISH TO CHINESEHappiness is sometimes seen as a state of mind. But this is not how Aristotle regards it. “Well-being”, as we usually translate his term for happiness, is what we might call a state of soul, which for him involves not just an interior condition of being, but a disposition to behave in certain ways. As Ludwig Wittgenstein once remarked, the best image of the soul is the body. If you want to observe someones spirit, look at what they do. Happiness for Aristotle is attained by virtue, and virtue is above all a social practice rather than an attitude of mind. Happiness is part of a practical way of life, not some private inner contentment.【答案】幸福有时被视为一种精神状态。但亚里士多德不这样认为。“幸福”，正如我们通常解释这个术语，我们可以看作为灵魂状态。对他来说，这不仅是个人存在的内在条件，也是一种特定的行为方式。路德维希维特根斯坦曾说过，人的身体是灵魂的最好图画。如果你想了解某人的“灵魂”，看看他们做了什么。对亚里士多德来说，幸福是通过美德实现的。美德首先是一种社会实践，而不是一种心灵态度。幸福是实际的生活方式的一部分，不是某种私密的内在满足。8. 单选题“Congratulations, Mr. Cooper. Its a girl.”Fatherhood is going to have a different meaning and（1）a different response from every man who hears these words. Some feel（2）when they receive the news,（3）others worry, wondering whether they will be good fathers.（4）there are some men who like children and may have had （5）experience with them, others do not particularly（6）children and spend little time with them. Many fathers and mothers have been planning and looking forward to children for some time.（7）other couples, pregnancy was an accident that both husband and wife have（8）willingly or unwillingly.Whatever the（9）to the birth of a child, it is obvious that the shift from the role of husband to（10）of father is a difficult task.（11）, unfortunately, few attempts have been made to（12）fathers in this re-socialization（13）. Although numerous books have been written about American mothers,（14）recently has literature focused on the（15）of a father.It is argued that the transition to the fathers role, although difficult, is not（16）as great as the transition the wife must（17）to the mothers role. The mothers role seems to require a complete（18）in daily routine.（19）, the fathers role is less demanding and（20）.问题1选项A.bring forthB.bring downC.bring offD.bring in问题2选项A.emotionalB.sentimentalC.bewilderedD.proud问题3选项A.whileB.whenC.ifD.as问题4选项A.whenB.ifC.althoughD.yet问题5选项A.considerateB.considerableC.consideringD.considered问题6选项A.care aboutB.care ofC.care withD.care for问题7选项A.ForB.OfC.FromD.Upon问题8选项A.receivedB.takenC.acceptedD.obtained问题9选项A.replyB.reactionC.readinessD.reality问题10选项A.whatB.thisC.oneD.that问题11选项A.As a resultB.For exampleC.YetD.Also问题12选项A.educateB.cultivateC.informD.convert问题13选项A.stepB.processC.pointD.time问题14选项A./B.justC.quiteD.only问题15选项A.roleB.workC.careerD.position问题16选项A.a littleB.justC.nearlyD.almost问题17选项A.takeB.makeC.carryD.accept问题18选项A.transformationB.realizationC.socializationD.reception问题19选项A.In additionB.Above allC.GenerallyD.However问题20选项A.currentB.immediateC.presentD.quick【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:A第4题:C第5题:B第6题:D第7题:A第8题:C第9题:B第10题:D第11题:C第12题:A第13题:B第14题:D第15题:A第16题:C第17题:B第18题:A第19题:D第20题:B【解析】1.考查词组辨析。A选项bring forth“产生；发表；生孩子”，B选项bring down“降低；使垮台；击落”，C选项bring off“救出；圆满完成”；D选项bring in“引进；生产；增加”。句意：父亲的身份有着不同的意义，每个听到这个词的人都会给出不同的答案。这里要表达的意思是对父亲的意义持有不同的答案，可知bring forth“产生”符合语境。因此A选项正确。2.考查词义辨析。A选项emotional“易激动的；情绪的”；B选项sentimental“伤感的，情感的”；C选项bewildered“困惑的，不知所措的；眼花缭乱的”；D选项proud“自豪的，得意的”。根据后文others worry, wondering whether they will be good fathers（其他人为是否能做好父亲而担心）可知，这里在对比不同的人对得知自己做父亲的情绪反应，proud“得意的”与此形成对比。因此D选项正确。3.考查语法和逻辑关系。4个选项都有“当的时候”的意思，A选项while“与此同时”，强调事件正在发生的时候，另一件事如何；B选项when“当的时候”，重点不在动作本身发生的状态，而只是把它作为一个时间点；C选项if“无论何时，每次”；D选项as“边边；随着”，交代伴随状态或者时间背景。句意：有的人得知这个消息后感到骄傲，与此同时另一些人却担心，他们不知道自己是否会成为好父亲。根据上下文推断此处表示对比，while“与此同时”符合语境。因此A选项正确。4.考查语法和逻辑关系。A选项when“当的时候”；B选项if“无论何时，每次”；C选项although“虽然”；D选项yet“然而”，一般和否定词搭配。根据原文there are some men who like children（有的人喜欢孩子）和others spend little time with them（有的人很少陪孩子）看出是转折关系，although“虽然”符合语境。因此C选项正确。5.考查词义辨析。A选项considerate“考虑”；B选项considerable“重大的，值得考虑的”；C选项considering“鉴于，考虑到”；D选项considered“经过深思熟虑的”。这里指的是有的父亲和孩子经历了意义重大的体验。因此B选项正确。6.考查词组辨析。A选项care about“担心，在意”；B选项care of“的照顾”，非固定搭配；C选项care with非固定搭配；D选项care for“关心，照顾”。结合上文some menmay have had considerable experience with them（有的人或许和孩子经历了意义重大的体验）和下文othersspend little time with them（有的人很少陪孩子）看出，这里指的是有的父亲不怎么照顾孩子，care for“关心，照顾”符合语境。因此D选项正确。7.考查介词用法。A选项for“对于，为了”；B选项of“属于的”；C选项from“从起”；D选项upon“在之上，即将来临”。结合下文（ ）other couples, pregnancy was an accident（ ）其他夫妻，怀孕是意外）来看，for“对于”符合语境。因此A选项正确。8.考查词义辨析。4个选项都有“接受”的意思。A选项received“指客观上的接受、接收行为，不涉及主观意愿，比如接收信息、邮件等；B选项taken使用最广泛，泛指接受、接收的动作或行为，如接收信息、接受工作、接受意见等；C选项accepted表示自愿主动接受，也可以说经过思考人或某物能满足自己的期望而接受；D选项obtained“获取，得到”，用作接受时指接受待遇。结合accident that both husband and wife have（ ）willingly or unwillingly（夫妻双方自愿或不愿（ ）的意外事件）来看，这里指的是主观意愿上的接受，accepted符合语境。因此C选项正确。9.考查词义辨析。A选项reply“（通过说或写回应）回答，答复”；B选项reaction“（对于事件、局势）反应；反作用”；C选项readiness“乐意；准备就绪”；D选项reality“现实，事实”。结合上文第一段写了对于做父亲这件事不同人的不同反应，reaction“（对于事件、局势）反应”符合语境。因此B选项正确。10.考查语法知识。4个选项都可作代指用。A选项what引导名词性从句；B选项this指代下文内容；C选项one泛指，这里为特指；D选项that特指，同物异指，即that指代的物体与前文中的物体是同样的名称，但是有不同的涵义。前面的role指的是丈夫的角色，而后面的role指的是父亲的角色，名称相同但涵义不同。因此D选项正确。11.考查逻辑关系。A选项as a result“因此”；B选项for example“比如”；C选项yet“然而”；D选项also“也”。上一句说the shift from the role of husband to that of father is a difficult task（从丈夫的角色转变为父亲的角色是困难的任务），这一句说few attempts have been made to（ ）fathers（很少有人试图（ ）父亲），可知yet“然而”符合语境。因此C选项正确。12.考查词义辨析。A选项educate“（在学校）教育；教导训练（做某事）”；B选项cultivate“培养（态度、技巧等），树立（形象、观念等）”；C选项inform“了解，熟悉”，侧重通过搜集信息了解某事物；D选项convert“转变，改造，改建”。下一句说Although numerous books have been written about American mothers, recently has literature focused on theof a father.（虽然有许多关于美国母亲的好书，但是直到最近才有一些书讲父亲的角色），可知有许多教人做好母亲的书，可是少有教人做好父亲的书，可知educate“教导训练（做某事）比较符合语境。因此A选项正确。13.考查词义辨析。A选项step“步骤；（某过程中的一个）阶段；脚步”；B选项process“（为达到某一目的的）过程，进程”；C选项point“（特定的）时刻，关头”；D选项time“（某事发生的）时刻；（历史上或一生中的特殊）时期”。根据语境可知，in this re-socialization（ ）指的是担任父亲角色的再社会化（ ），成为一个合格的父亲需要一个过程，可知process“（为达到某一目的的）过程，进程”符合语境。因此B选项正确。14.考查语法知识。A选项/“不填”，不能引起倒装；B选项just“仅仅是，只不过”，单独放句首不引起倒装；C选项quite“非常”，不放在句首；D选项only“只有”，only加状语位于句首，句子倒装。recently has literature focused on theof a father为has提前的倒装句。因此D选项正确。15.考查词义辨析和细节。A选项role“角色”；B选项work“工作”；C选项career“职业生涯”；D选项position“位置，地位”。前文the shift from the role of husband to that of father is a difficult task（从丈夫转变为父亲是困难的任务）中用的是role“角色”后半句也用的the mothers role（母亲的角色）。因此A选项正确。16.考查语法知识。A选项a little“一点点”；B选项just“仅仅是”；C选项nearly“几乎，差不多”；D选项almost“几乎，差不多”。根据语境，这里是指丈夫转变成父亲的难度接近不了妻子转变成母亲的难度，空格里面应该选择意思为“几乎”的词语，加上nearly前可用very，pretty，not等词修饰，但almost之前不能用这些词。因此C选项正确。17.考查固定搭配。A选项take“后接名词描述动作或事件”；B选项make“与名词连用，表示做动作或说某事”，make transition“转变”；C选项carry“携带，传送”；D选项accept“接受”。分析the transition the wife must（ ）to the mothers role（母亲角色的转变）可知，横线处修饰transition（转变），make符合语境。因此B选项正确。18.考查细节。A选项transformation“转变”；B选项realization“领悟；（某目标）实现”；C选项socialization“社会化”；D选项reception“接待；服务台”。A选项transformation“转变”和上一句the transition the wife must make（妻子必须做出的转变）相对应。因此A选项正确。19.考查细节。A选项in addition“此外”；B选项above all“尤其是，首先”；C选项generally“通常”；D选项however“然而”。通过The mothers role seems to require a complete transformation（母亲的角色似乎要求彻底转变）和the fathers role is less demanding（父亲的角色要求较低）可以看出是在对比和转折，整篇文章都在对比男性和女性做父母的影响不同。因此D选项正确。20.考查细节。A选项current“当前的，通用的”；B选项immediate“直接的，立即的”；C选项present“现在的”；D选项quick“时间短暂的，敏捷的”。根据语境可知，这里想要表达的是作为父亲不需要跟母亲一样改变那么彻底和直接，immediate“直接的，立即的”符合语境。因此B选项正确。9. 单选题The dean asked the secretary if there were enough people（ ）to hold a faculty meeting.问题1选项A.on handB.on averageC.on purposeD.on end【答案】A【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项on hand“在手边；在场；临近；现有”；B选项on average“平均”；C选项on purpose“故意地”；D选项on end“连续地；竖着”。句意：院长问秘书（ ）的人数是否足够到可以召开教师会议。根据语境，on hand“在场”修饰people比较合理。因此A选项正确。10. 单选题With a wide variety of fresh fru