初三一轮八年级下.doc

【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容：一轮复习 八年级上Units 58教学过程I. 重点短语Unit Five1. study for a test 为考试而学习 2. have a piano lesson 上钢琴课3. go to the doctor 去看医生4. Id love to. 我愿意。5. another time 下一次6. Thanks for asking. Thanks a lot for the invitation. 谢谢邀请。7. the day after tomorrow 后天 8. keep quiet 保持安静 9. the whole day 整天10. come over to 过来Unit Six1. in some ways 在某些方面2. look the same 看起来一样 3. look different 看起来不同 4. enjoy going to the parties 喜欢参加晚会5. more than 多于；超过6. in common 共用；共有7. asas 同一样8. be good at 擅长；在方面做得好9. the same as 与一样10. make me laugh 使我大笑11. most of 大多数12. be good with children 善待孩子们13. enjoy telling jokes 喜欢讲笑话14. teacher wanted 招聘老师Unit Seven1. turn on 打开 2. cut up 切碎3. pour.into 把倒进4. peel the bananas 剥去香蕉皮5. how many/much 多少6. one teaspoon of 一茶匙7. a cup of 一杯8. mix up 混合在一起9. a slice of bread 一片面包10. puton 把放在上11. addto 把加到上12. on the top 在顶部Unit Eight1. school trip郊游2. hang out闲逛3. take photos照相【走近中考】Whos the little baby in the photo, Susan? Its me. This photo ten years ago.A. takes B. is taken C. took D. was taken 4. what else 别的什么【走近中考】Believe yourself. Youre better than . Youre the best. Wish you success! A. anyone else B. someone else C. else anyone 5. after that在那之后6. at the end of the day在一天结束时7. sleep late睡懒觉8. go for a drive开车兜风9. take a class上课10. on my next day off在我的下一个休息日11. a busy day off一个繁忙的休息日12. all day整天13. putout把拿出来14. in the yard在院子里15. have a yard sale举行一次庭院出售16. in my opinion据我看来17. See you soon. 很快又会见面。18. in the future将来19. come back from从回来20. be with sb. 与在一起II. 重要句型：We both like sports, although Liu Ying is more athletic than me.both 表示“两者都”，all表示“（三者或三者以上）都”。例如：There are shops on both sides of the street. 街道两边都有商店。There are five children in the room. They are all Mr Greens children.房子里有5个孩子，他们都是格林先生的孩子。注意它在句子中的位置。一般在行为动词之前，be动词之后。例如：They both like playing basketball. 他们俩都喜欢打篮球。The two students are both from Class 5. 这两个学生都是5班的。We Chinese. So you and I have black eyes and black hair.A. are all B. all are C. both are D. are bothHe cant stop talking. stop doing sth. 意为“停止做某事”，指停下正在做的事；stop to do sth. 意为“停下来去做某事”，指去做另一件事。例如：They stopped singing. 他们停止了唱歌。We should stop to have a rest. 我们应该停下来休息。The baby stopped crying. 那个孩子停止了哭泣。Class is over. The students stop .A. study B. studying C. to study D. will study【走近中考】Stop so much noise! My father is sleeping. A. to make B. making C. to hear D. hearing Turn on the blender. turn on 意为“开，旋开（电灯、煤气、自来水、无线电等）”，其反义词组是turn off“关（水源、煤气、电灯等）”。例如：Please turn on the light. 请把电灯打开。Please turn off the TV when you leave the room. 离开房间时请关掉电视。“动词副词”构成的短语动词的宾语如果是代词，只能放在动词和副词之间，如turn it on不能说成turn on it，但如果宾语是名词，既可以放在动词和副词之间，也可以放在副词的后面。The baby is sleeping, please the radio.A. turn on B. turn to C. turn down D. turn upCan you the radio? We cant hear clearly.A. turn on B. turn off C. turn up D. turn down【走近中考】 those lights, please. Dont use so much energy. A. Take off B. Put on C. Turn off D. Turn on Please the light when you leave the room. A. turn on B. turn down C. turn off Please the lights before you leave the classroom. A. turn right B. turn left C. turn on D. turn off I need some help.need 作为实义动词，意思是“需要”，后面可以接名词、代词或动词不定式。例如：He needs another pen. 他还需要一支钢笔。He needs to go there early. 他需要早些到达那里。need 还可以作情态动词，在句中没有人称和数的变化，后面跟动词原形，一般只用于否定句和疑问句中。例如：You neednt worry about his study. 你不必为他的学习担心。Need he come here at once? 他需要马上到这里来吗？相关链接：在回答以need引导的疑问句时，其肯定回答要用must；在以must为首引导的疑问句中，其否定回答要用neednt。例如：Need I go there tomorrow? “明天我需要去那里吗?”Yes, you must. “是的，需要。”Must he go there tomorrow? “明天他非得去那里吗？”No, he neednt. “不，他不必。”You need warm clothes, or youll catch a cold.A. wear B. wears C. to wear D. wearingNeed we go now? . Its dark already.A. Yes, you need B. Yes, you must C. No, you mustnt D. No, you neednt 【走近中考】Must I get up early tomorrow?No, . A. you mustnt B. I dont think you have to C. you cant D. you need Must I finish the work today?No, you . You finish it tomorrow. A. mustnt; must B. neednt; may C. cant; may Must I return the magazine to you right now, Sandy?No, you . You may keep it until next Wednesday. A. neednt B. cant C. must D. may Did you have fun camping?have fun doing sth. 意为“做是有趣的”，与have a good time, enjoy oneself同义。句中fun是不可数名词，意为“乐趣，兴致”。fun前可以用no, much, a lot of 等修饰。例如：The child is having a lot of fun playing computer games. 这孩子玩电脑游戏玩得正开心。【走近中考】We went to the beach and had great fun in the water. A. to play B. playing C. played III. 交际用语：Jenny, can you come to my party on Saturday afternoon?Sure, Id love to. Can you? 意为“你能吗？”是客气地请求某人做某事的句子。接受邀请常用I would (Id) love to 或者Thanks a lot或者Certainly. 来应答。如有事不能接受邀请，则说：Im sorry, but I cant 这种句式中，用could 比can 语气委婉，显得有礼貌，而用can则比较随便。例如：Can you come to my home for dinner? 你能来我家吃晚饭吗？Im sorry, I cant. 很抱歉，我不能来。Can you go shopping with me? 你能和我一起去购物吗？Sure, Id love to. 当然可以，我很乐意。Thanks for asking. Thanks for asking 相当于Thank you for asking。后接名词或动名词形式，表示“因为而感谢”。例如：Thanks for helping me. 谢谢你帮助我。Thanks for your advice. 谢谢你给我的劝告。Thank you for me for dinner.A. invite B. inviting C. to invite D. invitedIV. 重要语法：形容词和副词的比较级形容词和副词的比较级用于两者（人或事物）之间的比较，突出其中一个所比较的人或事物。比较级常见的句型有：1. A is比较级than B. 意为：A 比B要更。例如：He is older than you. 他比你大。Mary is happier than Tom. 玛丽比汤姆更高兴。【走近中考】I think real cards are than e-cards. A. nice B. nicer C. nicest D. the nicest Our family has bought a car so we can travel than before. A. most easily B. less easily C. easily D. more easily 2. Which / Who is 比较级，A or B? 意为：A 和B 哪一个 / 谁更？例如：Which is bigger, the moon or the earth? 月亮和地球，哪个更大？Who is taller, you or he? 你和他，谁的个子高？【走近中考】Who runs , Tom or Jim? A. fast B. faster C. fastest 3. 有时因为被比较的对象不需要说出来，句中就会省略“than被比较的对象”，这时要根据上下文的暗示来判断形容词的级别。例如： The woman has a son and a daughter. The son is younger. (younger 后省略了than the daughter ) 那个女人有一儿一女，儿子要小一些。 Are you feeling better now? (句末省略了than before ) 你现在感觉好些了吗？【走近中考】What delicious cakes!They would taste with butter. A. good B. better C. bad D. worse After the education reform in Shandong Province, the pupils have time to relax and homework to do. A. less; more B. more; less C. fewer; more D. much; many Lets go to the new restaurant on 24th Street for dinner tonight.We can cook it at home. Its . A. expensive B. more expensive C. less expensive D. the most expensive If there are people driving, there will be air pollution. Yes, the air will be fresher. A. less; less B. less; fewer C. fewer; fewer D. fewer; less 4. asas与一样，表示两个人或事物在某一方面程度相同时，用“as形容词或副词原形as”的句型，其中第一个as是副词，修饰后面的形容词或副词，而第二个as是连词，连接比较状语从句，从句中与主句相同的部分往往省略。如：His drawing is as good as mine. 他的绘画和我的一样好。Frank runs as fast as Sam. Frank与Sam跑得一样快。【注意】asas的否定句是not asas或not so as表示某人或某物在某一方面不及其他人或物。Liu Ying isnt as/so smart as Liu Yang.Pedro doesnt jump as/so high as Paul.【走近中考】Is English than history?No, English isnt so as history. A. easier; more difficult B. difficult; more difficult C. more difficult; easier D. more difficult; difficult The dish is delicious!Well, at least its the one I cooked yesterday. A. as good as B. worse than C. as well as D. as bad as 使用比较级时还应注意以下情况：（1）比较应在同类事物之间进行误：Your English is worse than me.正：Your English is worse than mine. 为了避免重复累赘，比较状语从句中常有某些成分被省略，但作为“比较的对象”的成分不能省掉，否则会造成不合逻辑的比较。误句中把me和your English这两个不属同类的东西相比较，显然不合逻辑，改成正句中的mine (= my English) 便属同类比较了。再如：误：The students of Class One study harder than Class Two. 正：The students of Class One study harder than those of Class Two.误：In winter, the weather of Beijing is colder than Shanghai.正：In winter, the weather of Beijing is colder than that of Shanghai.【走近中考】The machine made in China are cheaper than made in Japan. A. ones B. that C. those D. it （2）比较要符合逻辑误：Shanghai is larger than any city in China. 正：Shanghai is larger than any other city in China.正：Shanghai is larger than the other cities in China.当比较的人或物超过两个时，我们使用 “any other 单数名词”或“the other 复数名词”的结构。误句中的“any city（任何一个城市）”包括了Shanghai，上海不能比它本身还大。再如：正：Zhang Hua is taller than any other boy in his class.正：Zhang Hua is taller than anyone else in his class.但如果比较中的二者不属同一群体，则不能用other。如：The teacher is taller than any student in the class.【走近中考】Peter jumps than any other boy in our school. Im sure he will be the winner in the high jump. A. higher B. longer C. faster D. farther Why was Mrs. Smith angry with Jack?Because he worked than the others. A. more carefully B. worse C. better D. more clearly （3）比较级前的修饰语误：My brother is very older than I.正：My brother is much older than I.very, too, so, quite, rather, nice等词修饰原级，不可与比较级连用。比较级前的修饰语可以表示比较的程度，常见的有：even, a little, a bit, much, a lot, far等。例如：This book is far more interesting than that one. 这本书比那本书有趣得多。 This text is a bit easier. 这篇课文稍容易一点。The little girl feels even worse. 小女孩感觉更不舒服了。【走近中考】Jack, how are you feeling today?Much . I think I can go to school tomorrow. A. better B. worse C. brighter D. weaker. How are you today, Bob?Im even now. I dont think the medicine is good for me. A. better B. worse C. happier D. unluckier What bad weather!Yes. The radio says it will be even later on. A. bad B. badly C. worse D. worst （4）比较级前加the误：He is taller of the two.正：He is the taller of the two.英语形容词的比较是对两种性质相同的人或事物的比较。如“A比B高。”，英语中有两种翻译方法，一是把A、B都说出来：A is taller than B. ；另一种是只说出其中一个人：A is the taller of the two. 因此在“主语谓语the 比较级of the two复数名词”的句型中，比较级前的the不能省去。再如：The boy is the cleverer of the two. 这个男孩是两人中较聪明的一个。（5）比较级的其他用法“比较级and比较级”表示“越来越”。例如：After the operation, she felt better and better. 手术后，她感觉越来越好了。We hope our country will become more and more beautiful. 我们希望我们的国家变得越来越美丽。“The 比较级, the 比较级” 表示“越，就越”。例如： The more we get together, the happier well be. 我们越在一起，我们就越快乐。【走近中考】Remember this, children. careful you are, mistakes you will make. A. The more; the fewer B. The more; the few C. The more; the less The more you read, you will get. A. the less B. the most C. the more D. much more you study, grades you will get. A. The hard; the good B. The harder; the better C. Harder; better 【典型例题】1. Which girl is (athletic), Julia or Tina?2. The weather today is much (good).3. The poor man feels even (bad) than before.4. He is too tired to walk any (far).5. Ruby is (thin) and (funny) than me.6. Tom is pretty (healthy), but his brother Sam is (healthy) than him.7. It rained yesterday as (heavy) as it does today.8. He is (old) of us two.9. Our life is getting and (good).10. This story is far (interesting ) than that one. 参考答案：1. more athletic 2. better 3. worse 4. farther 5. thinner, funnier 6. healthy, healthier 7. heavily 8. the older 9. better, better 10. more interesting How many bananas do we need?How much yogurt do we need?how many 和how much 都表示“多少”，但是how many用来询问可数名词的数量，后面要接可数名词的复数形式；how much用来询问不可数名词的数量，其后要接不可数名词，另外，how much还可询问价格。例如：How many cows are there on the hill? 在山上有多少只奶牛？How much water do you need? 你们需要多少水？How much is the jacket? 这件夹克多少钱？【走近中考】How many do you want every week? A. milk B. water C. apples milk do you want?Three bottles, please. A. How much B. How many C. What There are three bags of milk on the table. （对划线部分提问） milk are there on the table? 知识链接：英语中表示不可数名词的数量时，常用“数词量词of不可数名词”来表示，需要注意的是“量词”可以有复数形式。例如：a slice / piece of bread 一片面包 two slices / pieces of bread 两片面包 a glass of yogurt一杯酸奶 three glasses of yogurt 三杯酸奶【走近中考】Id like and an apple. A. three breads B. three slices of breads C. three slices of bread D. three slices bread 【模拟试题】（答题时间：70分钟）I. 单项选择1. Thanks a lot for me your house.A. invite; for B. inviting; to C. inviting; for D. invitation; for2. Can you go to the mall with me this Sunday? . Ill have a dinner with my grandparents.A. Sure B. OK C. Sorry D. It doesnt matter3. Can you stay here longer? . I have to be back home tomorrow.A. Yes, I cant B. Im afraid not C. Id love to D. No, thank you4. The poor lady had to go out for food a cold morning.A. in B. at C. on D. during5. I am quiet. My sister is me. A. the same as B. same as C. different with D. different6. some ways, he looks like his brother.A. On B. Of C. In D. At7. All the pupils enjoy computer games.A. playing B. play C. to play D. plays8. Now Emma works than before.A. more carefully B. more careful C. much carefully D. much careful9. My T-shirt is much older than .A. hers B. her C. she D. shes10. Its good for your health to have every day.A. two glass of milk B. two glass of milks C. two glasses of milk D. two glasses of milks11.How is he getting on with his spoken English?Great. Now he can speak English his English teacher.A. as good as B. as better as C. as many as D. as well as12. Her parents friendly to us.A. are both B. both are C. is both D. both is13. ? It was really awful. It rained and rained all day long, so I had to stay at home. A. When was your day off B. What was your day off C. Where was your day off D. How was your day off14. We waited hours for a taxi. We gave up and walked home.A. at the beginning B. in the end C. at first D. at least15. Did you go anywhere ?No, I didnt go to any places.A. else; other B. other; else C. else; else D. other; other16. Excuse me. Is there a flight to Shanghai?Just a minute, please. I have to my computer.A. check B. open C. keep D. collect17. Could you the music? I cant hear it clearly.Sure.A. turn on B. turn off C. turn up D. turn down18. slices of bread do you need?A. How much B. How many C. How long D. How heavy19. All the children like Mr White very much because he often makes them .A. laughed B. laugh C. laughing D. to laugh20. Of the two toys, the child chose .A. the one most expensive B. the least expensiveC. the less expensive D. most expensiveII. 完形填空I think the best place to go on Sunday is the zoo. When you are _21_, you can go there with your family. _22_ the zoo, there are many animals: elephants, deer, _23_, rabbits and other animals. Elephants are the _24_ animals on land. I _ 25_ there is a baby elephant in our zoo. So I want to _26_at it. Yu Xuan wants to go with me. She says, “_27_we go there together?” “Sure!” I say. “We can _28_ a good time there. But lets _29_ there at half past four. I have _30_ homework to do.” 21. A. busy B. free C. young D. clean 22. A. In B. On C. For D. Near 23. A. monkeys B. monkey C. two monkey D. one monkeys 24. A. youngest B. smallest C. biggest D. tallest 25. A. listen B. listen to C. hear of D. hear 26. A. looks B. have a look C. see D. have a see 27. A. Can B. Could C. Shall D. Would 28. A. get B. have C. be D. has 29. A. goes B. go C. to go D. going 30. A. few B. little C. much D. many III. 阅读理解AToms CalendarMondayMorning: schoolAfternoon: soccer practiceEvening: do homeworkThursdayMorning: schoolAfternoon: babysittingEvening: help my parentsTuesdayMorning: schoolAfternoon: visit Uncle LiEvening: study for the testFridayMorning: schoolEvening: Susans partyWednesdayMorning: schoolEvening: do homeworkSaturdaySunday31. How many days does Tom have to go to school in a week? A. Seven. B. Five. C. Six.32. When does Tom go to Susans party? A. On Tuesday. B. On Sunday. C. On Friday.33. What is Tom doing on Thursday afternoon? A. Visiting Uncle Li. B. Babysitting. C. Helping his parents.34. Does Tom study for the test on Friday? A. Yes, he does. B. No, he doesnt. C. Sorry, I dont know.35. What does Tom do over the weekend? A. Go to school. B. Soccer practice. C. He can do anything he wants to do. BLong long ago, an old man was walking in the street with his horse. It was raining hard. The old man was cold because he was walking in the rain. He wanted to stay in an inn. It was half past three in the afternoon. The old man got to an inn. There were a lot of people in it. He couldnt come near the fire. He thought and thought. Finally he said to the waiter, “Take some fish to my horse.” The waiter said, “ A horse doesnt eat fish.” The old man told the waiter, “This horse is very interesting. It can sing, dance and do all kinds of things. It can eat fish, too.” So the waiter brought the horse some fish.All the people in the inn ran out to see the horse eat the fish except the old man. Now the old man sat near the fire. After a moment the waiter came back and said, “Your horse didnt eat the fish.” The old man said, “ All right, take the fish back and put it on the table. Ill eat it.”36. The old man felt very cold because . A. it was a cloudy and windy day B. it snowed C. he walked in the rain D. he was hungry37. The people in the inn all ran out because . A. they wanted to see the old man B. they wanted to see the horse eat fish C. there came a horse D. there was no fire over the stove38. In fact, the horse can not . A. walk, speak or eat B. sing, dance or sleep C. sing, dance or eat fish D. speak, walk or sit39. All the people in the inn ran out except . A. a girl B. a woman C. the waiter D. the old man40. Why did the old man ask the waiter to take some fish to his horse? Because . A. his horse liked eating fish B. he was cold C. he wanted to sit by the fire D. he himself also liked to eat fish CI had a summer camp with my classmates last year.Early in the morning. We gathered at the bus station