教案(形容词副词介词).doc

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博思教育课堂教案学生姓名杜颖妮授课教师梁柳娟日 期(周次)2011.5.14授课题目(教学章节或教学主题):形容词/副词/介词重点难点:形容词,副词,介词的运用授课内容形容词及其用法形容词修饰名词,说明事物或人的性质或特征。通常,可将形容词分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类,其位置不一定都放在名词前面。1)直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词,它有级的变化,可以用程度副词修饰,在句中可作定语、表语和补语。例如:hot。2)叙述形容词只能作表语,所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化,也不可用程度副词修饰。大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。例如:afraid 害怕的。(错)He is an ill man.(对)The man is ill.(错)She is an afraid girl.(对)The girl is afraid.这类词还有: well,unwell,ill,afraid,alike,alive,alone,asleep,awake 等。3)形容词作定语修饰名词时,要放在名词的前边。但是如果形容词修饰以-thing为字尾的词语时,要放在这些词之后。例如:something nice.4.2 以-ly结尾的形容词1) 大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但 friendly,deadly,lovely,lonely,likely,lively,ugly,brotherly,仍为形容词。改错: (错) She sang lovely.(错) He spoke to me very friendly.(对) Her singing was lovely.(对) He spoke to me in a very friendly way.2)有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词,也为副词,如daily,weekly,monthly,yearly,early等。例如:The Times is a weekly paper. 时代周刊为周刊。The Times is published weekly. 时代周刊每周发行一期。4.3 用形容词表示类别和整体1) 某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人,与谓语动词的复数连接,如the dead,the living,the rich,the poor,the blind,the hungry等。例如:The poor are losing hope. 穷人行将失去希望。2) 有关国家和民族的形容词加上定冠词指这个民族的整体,与动词的复数连用,如the British,the English,the French,the Chinese等。例如:The English have wonderful sense of humor. 英国人颇有幽默感。多个形容词修饰名词时的排列顺序 限定词(包括冠词/人称代词/指示代词等)+大小+形状+性质或状态+颜色+年龄或新旧+材料或种类+来源+名词 There are a few big round black new wooden French tables in the room.副词的种类及作用 英语中的副词,一般包括时间,地点,方式,程度,频度等种类。方式副词Well, fast, carefully, badly程度副词Very, enough, almost, quite地点副词Home, here, there. in时间副词Today, soon, now, already频率副词Usually, often, always, never, once其它Also, either, too, only, perhaps副词作状语,可用于修饰动词,形容词,副词,介词短语或整个句子。The train runs fast.She is very ill.You came quite early.2 副词的构成在英语中,许多副词是由形容词加后缀转化而来的。Clear-clearly quick-quickly bad-badly happy-happily hungry-hungrily 名词加-ly变为形容词:friend-friendly , love-lovely名词(天气名词等)加-y变为形容词;rain-rainy salt-salty形容词、副词比较级和最高级规则变化和不规则变化规则变化 (1)一般情况下,单音节或双音节的形容词(或副词)比较级er , 最高级est clevercleverercleverest fewfewerfewest smallsmallersmallest等 (2)以e结尾的词,比较级r,最高级st即可 nicenicernicest cutecutercutest largelargerlargest (3)以辅音字母y结尾的变y为ier或est easyeasiereasiest happyhappierhappiest 再如:early , busy , heavy , dirty , lazy . 也如此 (4)双写最后一个辅音字母er或est的词同学要用心去记。 1. fatfatterfattest 2. thinthinnerthinnest 3. hothotterhottest 4. redredderreddest 5. wetwetterwettest 6. bigbiggerbiggest (5)多音节和部分双音节的词需要在形容词原级前more构成比较级,the most构成最高级。 beautiful more beautiful the most beautiful . delicious , popular , important , interesting , expensive 双音节的词如 carefulmore careful the most careful useful more useful the most useful . 少数单音节词也是这样如: pleasedmore pleased the most pleased tiredmore tried the most tired(6)除此之外,还有几个特殊的单词,它的比较级和最高级都是不规则的,如: many / much(原形) more(比较级) most(最高级) little / few(原形) less (比较级) least(最高级) Good/well(原形) better(比较级) best(最高级) bad (原形) worse(比较级) worst(最高级) far (原形) further furthest(7)注意 比较的两者应该是互相对应的可比较的东西。 典型错误:My hair is longer than you.(我的头发比你更长。) 比较的两者是我的头发、你(整个人),那么比较的对象就没有可比性。 应该改为:My hair is longer than yours. 或My hair is longer than your hair. (8)附:如果比较的两者是一样的时候,我们会用 asas这个词组,它的用法是: 什么 be as 形容词原形 as 什么,意思是什么和什么一样。如: Im as tall as you.(我和你一样高。) My feet are as big as yours.(我的脚和你的一样大。) (9)副词的最高级与形容词最高级的区别在于最高级可以加或不加定冠词the一、 写出下列形容词与副词的比较级与最高级形式: long_ _ wide _ _ fat _ _ heavy_ _ slow _ _ thin_ _ bab _ _ far _ _ big_ _ quickly _ _ happy_ _ good_ _ 二选择题1,Danny and Peter are _.A tall B talls C the tall D taller2, Im as _ as my sister.A strong B stronger C the strongest3, The tree is the _ I have ever seen.A tall B taller C tallest4 Please_ in the dictionary.A look up the word B look the word up C the word look up5 This math problem is _. I can work it out _.A easy; easy B easy ; easily C easily; easy6 What a beautiful dress! Can I _?A try it on B try on it C it try on7 My brother is _ than any other students in his class.A clever B more clever C most clever8 I can play ping-pong very _. A good B well C better9 What is she like? A He is Tom B He is ill C He is tall.三,用所给词的正确形式填空1 Sam is as_(fat)as Jim.2 My eyes are _(big)than _(she).3 Tom runs _(slow). But Ben runs _(slow)4 He _(jump)_(high)than some of the boys in his class.四,翻译1.今天比昨天冷的多。It is _ _ today_ it was yesterday. 2.本书跟那本书一样有趣。This book is _ _ _ that one. 3.你游泳没有你弟弟好。You cant swim _ _ _ your brother. 4 她的毛衣和我的一样重。 _ sweater _ as _ as _5 Tom比我重吗?_ _ _ _ _?6 他是你们班最聪明的学生吗?_ _ _ _ _ _ in your class?五,改写句子1 Daming runs more quickly than Danny. (对画线部分提问)2 Id like some orange oranges.(对画线部分提问)介词at 表示时间: I go to school at seven every day 我每天早上7点去上学。表示在某一具体地点: He is standing at the bus stop 他站在公共汽车站。表示动作的方向、目标: Let me have a look at the picture 让我看看这幅图。用于某些固定搭配: at once 立刻、马上 at last 最后 at the same time 同时 at first 开始时 not at all 一点也不 about 表示大约时间: Is about six oclock now. 现在大约6点钟了。表示地点;在周围: Everthing about me is so beautiful 我周围的一切都那么美好。关于,对于: We are talking about the news. 我们正在谈论新闻。after 在之后: After dinner I watch TV. 晚饭后我看电视。在后面: He came into the room after me. 他在我后面进了房间。behind 在之后: There is a bike behind the tree. 树后有一辆自行车比晚,迟于: The train is behind time. 火车晚点了by 在旁: He is sitting by the bed. 他正坐在床边。到时候: We have learned three English songs by now. 到现在为止,我们已经学会了三首英文歌曲。以方式: I go to school by bus. 我乘公共汽车去上学。 She makes a living by teaching.她靠教书谋生。用于某些固定搭配: one by one 一个接一个 by the way 顺便说一句 for 为,给,替: Ill make a card for my teacher. 我要给老师做张卡片。由于: Thank you for helping me. 谢谢你帮我。表示给(某人)用的: There is letter for you. 这儿有你一封信。in 在里面: The pencil is in the desk. 铅笔在课桌里。在一段时间里: We have four classes in the morning. 我们上午有四节课。用,以,后接颜色,笔墨,声音,服饰 Whats this in English? 这用英语怎么说? I wrote a letter in ink. Talk in a high voice. Paint it in pink. The man in blue is my father. 在某一年份,季节,月份: in 2002, in spring, in January 表示状态,服饰: Helen is in yellow. 海伦身穿黄色衣服。在方面: He is weak in English. 他的英语不行。用于某些固定搭配: in front of 在前面 in the end 最后 in time 及时 like 像样: He looks like his father. 他像他的父亲。这样,那样: Dont look at me like that. 别那样看着我。怎样: Whats the weather like? 天气怎样。 near 靠近,在附近: My bed is near the window. 我的床在窗户旁。of 的(表示所属关系): This is a photo of my family. 这是一张我家的照片。的(用于所有格): He is a friend of mine. 他是我的一个朋友。表示数量(与连词连用): One of us is from Beijing. 我们中有一个来自北京想到,谈到: I often think of them. 我常常想到他们。用于某些固定搭配: of course 当然 because of 因为,由于 on 在上面: There are some apple on the tree. 树上有些苹果。在(星期)天,在某天的上午(下午,晚上): They go to English class on Sunday. 星期天他们去上英语课。 I left Beijing on the morning of May 1. 我在5月1日早上离开北京。用于某些固定搭配: on duty 值日 on time 准时 over 在正上方: There is a lamp over the table. 桌子上方有一盏灯。遍及,穿过: There is a bridge over the river. 有座桥横跨那条河。超过,不止: She is a little over 2. 她两岁多了。to 到,往,向: He walks to the window. 他走向窗户。表示时间、数量, 到为止 Please count from ten to thirty. 请从10数到30.向,对,给: Happy New Year to you all. 大家新年好。under Whats under your desk? 你书桌底下是什么?with 和,写: Could you go home with me? 你能和我一起回家吗?表示伴随状态,带有: Whos that girl with glasses? 那位戴眼睛的女孩是谁?表以,用,后接工具,材料,具体的内容 write with a pen / eat with a knife and a fork1.小学英语介词at,in与on在时间方面的用法 at表示时间的一点;in表示一个时期;on表示特殊日子。如: He goes to school at seven oclock in the morning. 他早晨七点上学。 Can you finish the work in two days. 你能在两天内完成这个工作吗? Linda was born on the second of May. 琳达五月二日出生。 (1) at后常接几点几分,天明,中午,日出,日落,开始等。如: at five oclock (五点),at down (黎明),at daybreak (天亮),at sunrise (日出),at noon (中午),at sunset (日落),at midnight (半夜),at the beginning of the month (月初), at that time (那时),at that moment (那会儿),at this time of day (在一天的这个时候)。 (2) in后常接年,月,日期,上午,下午,晚上,白天,季节,世纪等。如: in 2006(2006年),in May,2004 (2004年五月),in the morning (早晨/上午),in the afternoon (下午),in the evening (晚上),in the night (夜晚),in the daytime (白天),in the 21st century (21世纪),in three days (weeks/month)三天(周/个月),in a week (一周),in spring (春季)。 (3)on后常接某日,星期几,某日或某周日的朝夕,节日等。如: on Sunday (星期日),on a warm morning in April (四月的一个温暖的上午),on a December night (12月的一个夜晚),on that afternoon (那天下午),on the following night (下一个晚上),on Christmas afternoon (圣诞节下午),on October 1,1949 (1949年10月1日),on New Years Day (新年),on New Years Eve (除夕),on the morning of the 15th (15日的早上)等。arrive at/in 到达 be good at 善于 at first 起初;开始at last 最后 ask for 请求 at the moment 此刻 at school 在上课,在上学 laugh at 嘲笑 at present 现在at home 在家;无拘束 at work 上班,在工作 at the same time 同时look after 照顾 look for 寻找 look at 看;注视 at most 至多 at least 至少 at once 立刻;马上worry about 担心 be crazy about 酷爱 talk about 交谈;谈on duty 值日 on holiday 度假 on the radio 在广播中on TV 在电视上播放 on the phone 在电话中 on time 准时 on the left/right 在左/右边 on foot 步行 on sale 出售;降价出售 on the way 在路上 listen to 听wait for 等候;等 thank for 为而感谢 be late for 干某事迟到be good/bad for 对有利/有害be afraid of 害怕 be proud of 感到自豪 lots of/a lot of 许多,大量be careful with 小心;关心 help sb. with sth. 帮组某人做某事get off 下车 get up 起床in all 总体 in short 总之 in order to 为了in class 在课堂上 in a hurry 匆忙地 be interested in 对感兴趣in English 用英语 in the end 最后 in bed 躺在床上 in danger 在危险中 in fact 事实上 in time 及时地 in a minute 立刻 by+交通工具(by bus/train/plane/air/ship/bike/sea/land) 练习;( )1._ the afternoon of May, we visited the old man. A. On B. At C. In( )2.Many people work _ the day and sleep _ night. A. on ; at B. in ; in C. in ; at( )3.He speaks Japanese best _ the boy students. A. between B. with C. among( )4.A wolf _ a sheep skin is our dangerous enemy. A. with B. in C. on( )5.Joan hopes to come back _ three days. A. after B. for C. in( )6.They sent the letter to me _ mistake. A. by B. for C. with( )7.He left home _ a cold winter evening. A. at B. on C. in( )8.Shanghai is _ the east of China. A. in B. on C. to( )9._ my fathers help, I have finished my composition. A. Under B. On C. with( )10.Hes very strict _ himself and hes very strict _ his work. A. with ; in B. in ; with C. with ; with( )11.I really cant agree _ you. A. to B. on C. with( )12.The shop wont open _ nine in the morning. A. until B. at C. during( )13.How about _ the flowers now? A. watering B. are watering C. watered( )14.She spent all his money _ books. A. in B. with C. on( )15.They are talking _ low voices. A. with B. in C. on( )16.Its very kind _ you to help us. A. for B. to C. of( )17.What will you have _ breakfast this morning? A. with B. for C. by( )18.A plane is flying _ the city. A. on B. over C. above( )19.You are free to speak _ the meeting. A. at B. in C. on( )20.Mr. Green will stay in China_ Friday. A. to B. on C. till( )21.Its wrong to play jokes _ other people. A. on B. of C. with( )22.Which color do you like? I prefer blue _ red. A. for B. as C. to( )23.The student will give us a talk _ how to use our spare time. A. for B. on C. in( )24.I paid two hundred yuan _ that kind of bicycle. A. in B. for C. on( )25.The doctor is very kind _ his patients A. to B. on C. at( )26.We cant live _ air. A. in B. with C. without( )27.The child was afraid _ the strange sound. A. at B. for C. of用适当介词填空;The dolls are made _ hands and are sent to Shanghai _ ship.He broke the window _ a stone.You mustnt fill in the form _ pencil.
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