洲泉中学初三英语文理科联赛辅导(三)名词.doc

洲泉中学初三英语文理科联赛辅导(三) 名词班级：_姓名：_学号：_【知识回顾】一、名词分类：1.名次的分类：分为专有名词和普通名词。专有名词，人名、地名、机构等，首字母大写，姓氏后面跟复数表示一家人。(通俗地讲就是给人或者物取个名字，如“大明”“莉莉”“蒋新苗”“Sally”“Hangzhou”“China”。普通名词，单数可用a、an来修饰可数名词单数，在元音发音开头的单词前用an，而不是a，如an apple, an umbrella等。二、普通名词的可数名词：1. 普通名词可数名词复数的构成方法：(1) 一般在复数名词后加s，如：dog - _。(2) 以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词加es，如：watch - _。(3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加es，如：country - _。注意：如果是元音字母加y结尾的名词，则只须加s。如：monkey - _。 (4) 以o结尾的名词，只有heroes，potato，tomato加_构成复数。特点：有生命。(5) 以f、fe结尾的名词，变f、fe为v再加es，如：knife - _。 2.单复数形式相同的词：sheep - _，fish _，Chinese - _，Japanese - _，deer - _ 3.特殊变化的单词有：(1) tooth - _，foot _，goose _(2) man - _，woman - _，policeman - _, Frenchman - _ 注意：German (德国人) _ (3) child _ 4.常以复数形式出现的名词：_ (人)，_ (衣服)，_ (裤子) _ (眼镜) , _ (鞋子)。这些名词作主语时，它们的谓语用复数。 如：My clothes _ newer than yours. 注意：cloth单数的意思是“布”。5.有些名词看似复数形式，实际上是单数。如：_(新闻)，_ (数学)，politics (政治)，_ (物理)，_ (系列)，谓语用单数。 6.可用how many，many，a few，few，a lot of，lots of，some，any等来修饰可数名词复数。 三、普通名词的不可数名词：1) 常见的不可数名词有：物质名词：_ (水)，_ (米饭)，_ (鱼肉)，_ (肉类), _ (药物), _ (粉笔), _ (棉花), _ (木材), _ (蚕丝), _ (雨), _ (空气), _ (橘子汁), _ (面包), _ (纸张)。 抽象名词：_ (新闻), _ (工作), _ (回家作业), _ (家务劳动), _ (金钱), _ (天气), pleasure (乐趣), _ (感觉), _ (健康), duty (责任)。2)不可数名词无复数，作主语时常看成单数。如：Some bread _ over there. (be) 3)常用how much, much, a little, little, a lot of, some, any等来修饰不可数名词。 4)常用a piece of, a cup of等来表示不可数名词的量。 如，两片面包，bread为不可数名词，不加s，而piece则加s。即：two pieces of bread 注意：可数名词也可用量来表示。如：三箱苹果three boxes of apples 例： 1、These two pieces of bread _over there. (be) 2、Could I have three _,please？ A. piece of bread B. piece of breads C. pieces of bread D. pieces of breads 5) 一定情况下，物质不可数名词可转化为可数名词来用：drink 饮料a drink 一种饮料wind 风a strong wind 一阵强风rain 雨a heavy rain 一场大雨tea 茶；茶叶a hot tea 一杯热茶beer 啤酒a beer 一杯啤酒glass 玻璃a glass 一个玻璃杯 glasses 眼镜wood 木头；木材woods 树林四、名词所有格：名词所有格的构成方法，在名词后加“s”。如：TomToms译为“的”，若遇上以s结尾的名词，则在s后加“”即可。如：_ (教师节), _ (两周的假期)。不以s结尾的复数名词的所有格，仍按惯例加s 。如：_ (儿童节)。 关于名词所有格，应掌握以下几点： 1）可用名词所有格表示地点。 如：my aunts 我姑姑家。 go to the doctors 去看医生。 2）表示两人共同拥有，在最后一个名词后加s 如：Lucy and Lilys 露西和莉莉的。 3） 区别As and Bs 与A and Bs的差别。As and Bs表示两人各自拥有的东西，如_ bedrooms，等于Lucys bedroom and Lilys bedroom。而A and Bs则表示二者共同拥有的东西，如_ bedroom，两人共同的卧室。五、复合名词如何变复数：当一个名词作定语修饰另一名词时，该名词用原形。例如：_ 一棵苹果树_ 三棵苹果树_ 一家汽车工厂_ 一些汽车工厂_ 一位男学生_ 许多男学生_ 一个女孩工人_ 五个女孩工人然而，当man和woman修饰另一个名词时，两个一起变化。例如：_ 一个男医生_ 两个男教师_ 一个女护士_ 一些女作家六、集体名词： 集体名词作主语谓语动词用复数。集体名词本身是复数，不用加s，不存在单复数相的情况，因为这些单词只有复数，没有单数。 初中阶段要掌握的集体名词有：_ (人们)，_ (警方)，_ (家人)，_ (同学们)，_ (队员们)。 There _ a lot of people on the playground. (be) The police _ caught the head of the gang (犯罪团伙). (have) Look! The team _ training for Olympics at the moment. (be) 但当family解释为“”、class解释为“”、team解释为“”的时候变成了是有单复数的普通名词。例如： How many _ (班级) are there in your grade (年级)? Our _ is a strong _ (团队) this year.【实战训练】一、写出下列名词的复数形式：1. pencil-box _ 2. wife _ 3. Sunday _ 4. city _ 5. dress _ 6. Englishman _ 7. match _ 8. Chinese _9. zoo _ 10. exam_ 11. German _二、单词拼写：12. I have a lot of _(作业) to do every day. 13. His _(裤子) are new, but mine are old.14. It is the best one of the _ (照片) in my family. 15. Are they building any _ (图书馆) in the city? 16. Can you cut this big pear into two _(半)? 三、单选题：1. June 1st is _ Day all over the world. A. Childs B. Childs C. Childrens D. Childrens2. September 10th is _ Day in China, isnt it? A. Teachers B. Teachers C. Teacher D. Teacher of3. _ is made of _. A. Glass; glass B. A glass; glass C. Glasses; glasses D. A glass; glasses4. This is _ news. A. such a good B. a very good C. so good a D. such good5. What _ it is! Lets go swimming. A. a fine weather B. fine day C. a fine day D. bad weather6. They like Chinese _. A. food and peoples B. foods and people C. foods and people D. food and people7. Lucy and I go to school _ every day. A. on feet B. on foot C. by foots D. by buses8. Are those _? -No, they arent. Theyre _. A. sheep; cows B. sheep; cow C. sheeps; cow D. sheeps; cows9. What are you listening to, Jane? _ or _? A. a music; a news B. music; news C. music; news D. music; a news10.How many _ and _ are there in your class? A. boy student; girl ones B. girls students; boys ones C. boys student; girl one D. girl students; boy ones11.A group of _ are talking with two _ over there. A. Frenchmen; Germans B. Frenchmen; Germen C. German; Frenchmen D. Germans; Frenchmans12. That bus driver drank two _. A. glass of water B. glasses of waters C. cups of tea D. cup of tea 13. Mrs. Smith is an old friend of _. A. Bobs mother B. Bobs mothers C. mother of Bob D. Bob mothers14. The tall man with a big nose is _ teacher. A. Tom and Carl B. Toms and Carls C. Tom and Carls D. Toms and Carl15. A lot of_are talking with two_. A.Germans, Frenchmans B.Germen, Frenchmans C.German, Frenchmen D.Germans,Frenchmen 16. In _ time, those mountains will be covered with trees. A. few year B. a few years C. few years D. a few years17. Did you hear the _ report? A. police B. policemens C. policemans D. policemens18. We bought _ for my mothers birthday. A. some meats B. some pieces meat C. a piece of meat D. pieces of meats19. Whose is this new desk? -Its _. A. Sue and Jims B. Sue and Jim C. Sues and Jims D. Sues and Jim20. Would you like _ coffee? -No, thanks. Ive drunk two _. A. any; bottles of orange B. little; bottle of oranges C. some; bottles of orange D. a few; bottle of orange21. How many _ do you want? -Two, please. A. kilos of egg B. kilo of eggs C. kilos of eggs D. kilo of bread22. The railway station is two _ from our house. A. hours drive B. hours drive C. hour-drive D. hours drive23. Where are you going, Lucy? -_. A. To my uncle B. To my uncles C. At my uncle D. At my uncles24. Have you read _? A. a newspaper of todays B. today newspaper C. a piece of newspaper todayD. todays newspaper25. Therere a lot of _ down there, but hardly any _. A. horse; people B. horses; peoples C. cow; people D. sheep; people26. Lucy put a lot of _ in _ of tea. A. sugar; the two cup B. sugars; the two cups C. sugar; the two cups D. sugars; two cups27. Mr. Lin often gives us _ by e-mail. A. some good information B. some good informations C. good informations D. a good information28. Is this your room? -No, its _ room. A. the children B. the childrens C. of the children D. the childrens29. Ill give you _to finish the work. -OK. A. two weeks time B. two weeks time C. two week time D. two weeks time30. Who is the man in the blue car? -He is _ father. A. Kates and Marys B. Kate and Marys C. Kate and Mary D. of Kate and Mary31. What can I do for you? -Id like two _. A. box of apple B. boxes of apples C. box of apples D. boxes of apple32. Help yourself to some _. -Thank you. I really like them. A. fish B. orange C. bread D. cakes33. This is an old photo of mine when I _. A. have short hairs B. had short hairs C. have short hair D. had short hair34. Where is _ sweater? I cant see it. A. Lucy B. Lucys C. LucysD. Lucys35. The little baby has two _ already. A. tooth B. tooths C. teeth D. teeths36. We all had _ last month. Did you travel to anywhere? A. seven days holiday B. seven days holiday C. seven-days holiday D. a seven-days holiday37. Yesterday a few _ came to visit some _ in Shantou. A. German; places of interest B. Germans; places of interests C. Germans; places of interest D. Germen; places of interest38. When autumn comes, _ of most trees turn yellow and then fall down. A. leaf B. leafs C. leave D. leaves39. Would you give me_, please? A.two papers B.two piece of paper C.two pieces of paper D.two pieces of papers 40.There are three_and seven_in the picture. A.monkeys, sheeps B.monkeys, sheep C.monkies, sheep D.monkies, sheeps 四、完形填空：My friend, David Smith, kept birds. One day he phoned and 1) _me he would be away for a week. He asked me to feed the bird 2) _him and said he would leave his key in my mailbox. Unfortunately, I did not remember to feed the birds 3) _the night before David was going to return. I rushed out of my house and it was already dark when I arrived at 4) _house. I soon found the key he gave me could unlock neither the front door 5) _ the back door! I kept 6) _of what David would say when he came back. Then I noticed 7) _one bedroom window was open, I found a big stone and pushed it under the window. 8) _the stone was very heavy, I made a lot of noise. But in the end, I managed to climb up. I had one leg inside the bedroom when I suddenly realized that someone 9) _a torch(电筒)up at me. I looked down and saw 10) _policeman and an old lady, one of Davids neighbours. “What are you doing up there?” said the policeman. Feeling like a fool, I replied, “I was just going to feed Mr. Smiths birds.”1.A. tell B. tells C. told D. had told2.A. with B. to C. for D. at3.A. until B. before C.as D.since4.A. her B. his C. their D.our5.A. and B. but C.or D.nor6.A. to think B. think C. thinking D.thought7.A. how B. that C. what D.why8.A. if B. because C. when D.whether9.A. is shining B. was shone C. shines D.was shining10.A. a B. the C. an D./(打印60X7=420份)