高一必4Unit1主谓语一致精讲精练.doc

高一必4 Unit1 主谓语一致精讲精练主谓一致(Subject- Verb Agreement)，指”人称”和”数方面的一致关系.如: He is going abroad. They are playing football.可分为:语法一致, 内容一致, 就近一致.(一) 语法一致原则: 即主语为单数,谓语用单数,主语为复数,谓语也用复数. 以下注意事项:1. 单数主语即使后面带有with , along with, together with, like(象), but (除了),except, besides, as well as, no less than, rather than(而不是), including, in addition to 引导的短语, 谓语动词仍用单数.如: Air as well as water is matter. 空气和水都是物质.No one except two servants was late for the dinner. 除了两个仆人外, 没有一个人迟来用餐。2. 用and连接的并列主语,如果主语是同一个人,同一事,同一概念, 谓语动词用单数, 否则用复数. 如: The poet and writer has come. 那位诗人兼作家来了.(一个人)A hammer and a saw are useful tools. 锤子和锯都是有用的工具. (两样物)用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体, 如:bread and butter(黄油抹面包), knife and fork(刀叉)等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。3. 不定式(短语), 动名词(短语), 或从句作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. 如:Serving the people is my great happiness.为人民服务是我最大的幸福.When well go out for an outing has been decided.我们什么时候出去郊游已决定了。4. 用连接的并列主语被each, every 或no修饰时, 谓语动词用单数.Every boy and every girl likes to go swimming. 每个男孩和每个女孩都喜欢去游泳.No teacher and no student was absent from the meeting. 没有老师也没有学生开会缺席.Each man and (each) woman is asked to help. 每个男人和每个女人都被请去帮忙。5. each of + 复数代词, 谓语动词用单数. 复数代词+each, 谓语动词用单数.如:Each of us has something to say. 我们每个人都有话要说。6. 若主语中有more than one 或many a/an , 尽管从意义上看是复数, 但它的谓语动词仍用单数。 但more+复数名词+than one做主语时, 谓语动词仍用复数. 如:Many a boy likes playing basketball. 许多男生都喜欢打篮球.More than one student was late. 不只一个学生迟到More persons than one come to help us. 不止一个人来帮助我们。7. none 做主语时,谓语动词可用单数, 也可用复数; 但在代表不可数的东西时总是看作单数,因而谓语动词要用单数. 如:None of us are (is) perfect. 人无完人。None of this worries me. 这事一点不使我着急。8. 名词如: trousers, scissors, clothes, goods, glasses 等作主语时, 谓语动词必须用复数. 如:His clothes are good. 但这些名词前若出现 a pair of , 谓语一般用单数.如:A pair of glasses is on the desk. 桌上有一副眼镜。9. 形复意单名词如:news ; 以ics 结尾的学科名称如: physics, mathematics, economics; 国名如: the United States; 报纸名如: the New Times; 书名如: Arabian Night ; 以及The United Nations 等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。10. “a +名词+and a half “, “one and a half + 名词”, “the number of + 名词” 等作主语时, 谓语动词要用单数. 如:Only one and a half apples is left on the table.注意: one or two + 复数名词作主语, 谓语动词用复数形式, 如:One or two places have been visited. 参观了一两个地点。(二) 内容一致原则: 1.主语中有all, half, most, the rest等, 以及”分数或百分数+名词”做主语时,谓语动词单复数取决于连用的名词.如:The rest of the bikes are on sale today. 剩下的自行车， 今天出售。60%of the apple was eaten by little boy. 这个苹果的60%都被这个小男孩吃了。Most of the apples were rotten. 大部分的苹果都是烂的。Most of the apple was eaten by a rat. 这个苹果的大部分被老鼠吃了。2. 不定数量的词组, 如:part of , a lot of , lots of , one of , a number of , plenty of等作主语时, 谓语动词的单复数取决于量词后面名词的数.如:A part of the textbooks have arrived. 一小部分教科书已运到。A part of the apple has been eaten up by the pig. 这个苹果的一部分被猪吃光了。3. 加减乘除用单数.如:Fifteen minus five is ten . 15减去5等于10。4. 表示时间, 金钱, 距离, 度量等的名词做主语时, 尽管是复数形式, 它们做为一个单一的概念时, 其谓语动词用单数.如:Ten miles is a good distance. 十英里是一个相当的距离。5. (1) 通常作复数的集体名词. 包括police , people, cattle 等, 这些集体名词通常用作复数.如: The British police have only very limited powers.(2) 通常作不可数名词的集体名词. 包括equipment, furniture, clothing, luggage 等.(3) 可作单数也可作复数的集体名词. 包括 audience, committee, government, family, enemy, group, party, team, public 等.如:The committee has/have decided to dismiss him. 委员会决定解雇他。6. the +形容词/过去分词形式”表示一类人或事物, 作主语时, 谓语动词用复数.如:The injured were saved after the fire.(三) 就近原则1. 由here, there, where 等引导的倒装句中, (有时主语不止一个时)谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致.如:Here comes the bus 公共汽车来了.Here is a pen and some pieces of paper for you. 给你一支钢笔和几张纸。Where is your wife and children to stay while you are away?你不在这儿的时候, 你爱人和孩子在哪儿呆呢？2. 用连词or, either. or, neither.nor, not only.but also 等连接的并列主语, 谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致。 如：Neither the students nor the teacher knows anything about it 学生和老师都不知道这事.He or you have taken my pen. 他或你拿了我的钢笔。注意: one of +复数名词+who/that/which 引导的定语从句中, 定语从句的动词为复数。如：Mary is one of those people who keep pets. 玛丽是饲养宠物者之一。The only one of +复数名词+ who/that./which 引导的定语从句中，定语从句的动词应为单数。Mary is the only one of those people who keeps pets. 玛丽是唯一一个饲养宠物的人。 主谓一致练习1. Each of you _ responsible for the accident.a. am b. be c. is d. are2. Each man and woman _ the same rights.a. has b. have c. had d. is having3. Every means _ tried but without much result.a. has been b. have been c. are d. is4. There _ in this room.a. are too much furniture b. is too many furnituresc. are too much furnitures d. is too much furniture5. The manager or his assistant _ planning to go.a. were b. are c. was d. be6. Not only I but also David and Iris _ fond of playing basketball.a. am b. is c. are d. was7. Neither Tom nor his parents _ at home.a. is b. are c. has d. was8. Either the dean or the principal _ the meeting.a. attends b. attend c. are attending d. have attended9. _ was wrong.a. Not the teacher but the students b. Both the students and the teacherc. Neither the teacher not the students d. Not the students but the teacher10. _ twenty dollars a big sum to her I suppose so.a. Will be b. Is c. Are d. Were11. Three hours _ enough for us to finish the task.a. are b. has c. is d. were12. Most of his savings _ in the Xin Hua Bank.a. has been kept b. is being kept c. have kept d. have been kept13. All that can be done _.a. has done b. has been done c. have done d. have been done14. One or perhaps more pages _.a. is missing b. has been missed c. are missing d. was missing15. More than one worker _ dismissed.a. have been b. are c. has been d. has16. Many a student _ the importance of learning a foreign language.a. have realized b. has realize c. have been realized d. has been realized17. The gas works _ near the city.a. is b. are c. were d. be18. The surroundings of his house _ clean now.a. is b. are c. was d. were19. The committee _ over the problem among themselves for two hours.a. has argued b. has been arguing c. have argued d. have been arguing20. The public _ generous in their contributions to the earthquake victims.a. is b. was c. are d. has been21. Cattle _ on the hillside.a. grazes b. is grazing c. was grazing d. were grazing22. Her politics _ neither conservative nor liberal.a. is b. are c. was d. has been23. Measles _ a kind of infectious illness.a. is b. are c. were d. have been24. The Philippines _ to the south-east of China.a. lies b. lie c. lay d. lays25. Mary is one of the girls who _ always on time.a. is b. am c. are d. was26. Tom is the only one of the stall members who _ to be promoted.a. is going b. are going c. has been going d. have been going27. What caused the accident _ on the road.a. were stone b. were stones c. was stone d. was stones28. Wisky and soda _ his favorite drink.a. is b. are c. were d. have been29. _ is to attend our evening.a. both the singer and the dancer b. Either the singer or dancersc. The singer or dancers d. The singer and dancer30. The Smiths _ their breakfast when the morning post came.a. had b. has been having c. are having d. were having 31. No one except two students _ the meeting.a. has been late for b. have been late for c. was late for d. were later for32. All but him and me _ to the exhibition.a. am going b. is going c. are going d. was going33. Interest, as well as prospects, _ important when one looks for a job.a. are b. were c. is d. was34. The president, accompanied by his assistants, _.a. have arrived b. are arriving c. had arrived d. has arrived35. A number of cars _ in front of the parka. is parked b. was parked c. are parked d. has parked36. the number of articles published on smoking _ amazing.a. is b. are c. were d. have been37. The majority of doctors _ smoking is harmful to health.a. are believed b. had believed c. has believed d. believe38. The majority of the damage _ easy to repair.a. is b. are c. were d. be39. Four-fifths of the crop _.a. are ruined b. was ruined c. were ruined d. have been ruined40. Three-fourths of the buildings _.a. was destroyed b. is destroyed c. were destroyed d. has been destroyed41. Early to bed and early to rise _ a man healthy, happy and wise.a. making b. to make c. make d. makes42. Mathematics _ the language of science.a. is b. has been c. are d. have been43. The young _ the vital forces in our society.a. is b. has been c. are d. have been44. Every man, woman and child _ some history, enough at least, to survive in the world.a. knows b. know c. is known d. are known45. None of them _ my friends.a. is b. are c. was d. has been 46. Not only the whole nation, but the whole Europe , indeed the whole human society _ to alter its attitude to racial problems.a. need b. needs c. has a need d. have a need47. Getting to other planets or to the moon _ many problems.a. involve b. involves c. involving d. to involve 48. In that country, the rich _ richer, the poor, poorer. a. become b. has become c. becomes d. is becoming49. The project requires more labor than _ because it is extremely difficult.a. has been put in b. have been put in c. being put in d. to be put in 50. Not one in one hundred children exposed to the disease _ likely to develop it.a. should be b. must be c. is d. are 主谓一致练习答案 1 C 11 C 21 D 31 C 41 D 2 A 12 D 22 B 32 C 42 D 3 A 13 B 23 A 33 C 43 C 4 D 14 C 24 A 34 D 44 A 5 C 15 C 25 C 35 C 45 B 6 C 16 B 26 A 36 A 46 B 7 B 17 A 27 D 37 D 47 B 8 A 18 B 28 A 38 A 48 A 9 D 19 D 29 D 39 B 49 A 10 B 20 C 30 D 40 C 50 C 主谓一致练习1. About 60 percent of the students _ from the south, the rest of them _ from the north and foreign countries.A. are/is B. are/are C. is/are D. are2. Half of the workers here _ under 30 _.A. is/years B. are/year old C. is/years old D. are/years of age3. Now Tom with his classmates _ football on the playground.A. play B. are playing C. plays D. is playing4. The number of pages in this dictionary _ about two thousand.A. are B. has C. have D. is5. Thirty dollars _ too expensive.A. are B. is C. were D. be6. The audience _ so large that no seat was left unoccupied in the great hall.A. is B. are C. was D. has7. The secretary and principal _ at the meeting now.A. are speaking B. is speaking C. were making a speech D. have a speech8. If anybody _, please put down _ name, said the teacher to the monitor.A. wants to buy the book/his B. want to buy the book/theirC. will buy the book/ones D. wants to have the book bought/her9. Nothing but one desk and six chairs _ in the room.A. are B. is stayed C. is D. are left10. Having arrived at the station, _.A. it was found that the train had left B. the train had leftC. the train was found left D. he found that the train had left11. Between the two roads _ a TV tower called Skyscraper Tower.A. stands B. standing C. which stands D. stand12. Either of you _ going there tonight.A. will B. was C. is D. are13. You as well _ right.A. I are B. I am C. as I am D. as I are14. All but Dick _ in Class Three this term.A. are B. is C. were D. was15. - Shall I wait here for three hours? -Yes. Three hours _ to wait for such a doctor.A. are not very long for you B. is not long enough for youC. was not long enough for you D. will be too long for you16. Where to get the materials and how to get them _ at the meeting.A. have not discussed B. have not been discussedC. has not discussed D. has not been discussed17. I took mathematics and physics because I think that _ very important for me to make further research in this field.A. what is B. they are C. this D. which are18. Every student and every teacher _.A. are going to attend the meeting B. have attended the meetingC. has attended the meeting D. is attended the meeting19. Three fourths of the bread _ by Bob, and the rest of the bread _ left on the table.A. was eaten/were B. were eaten/was C. were eaten/were D. was eaten/was20. This pair of shoes _.A. is her B. is hers C. are hers D. are her21.There _ no life on the moon.A. is said to have B. are said to have C. is said to be D. are said to be 22.A group of _ are eating _ and _ at the foot of the hillA. sheep; grass; leaves B. sheeps grasses leavesC. sheep; grass leaf D. sheeps grass leafs23.My family raise a lot of _, including two_.A. cattles cows B. cows cattle C. cattle cows D. cow, cattles24.What he says and what he does_.A. does not agree B. do not agree C. does not agree with D. not agree25.The boy and the girl each _ toys.A. have their own B. has their own C. have her own D. has her own26.She is the only one among the _ writers who _stories for children.A. woman, writes B. women write C. women writes D. woman write27.The railway station is _from our school.A. two hours drive B. two hours drive C. two hour drive D. two hours drive28.Mike and Johns _.A. father is a teacher B. fathers are teachers C. father are teachers D. fathers are teacher29.A great deal of talking and listening that _ under casual circumstance may seem to be aimless.A. is occurred B. are occurred C. occurs D. occur30._ the classroom needs to be cleaned.A. Either the offices or B. The offices and C. Both the office and D. The office and31.Three-fourths of the homework _today.A. has finished B. has been finished C. have finished D. have been finished32.More than 60 percent of the worlds radio programmes _in England.A. is B. was C. are D. be33. _work has been done to improve the peoples living standardA.A great deal of B.A great many C.A large number of D.Many34.The rest of the magazines _ within half an hour.A.is sold out B.are sold out C.was sold out D.were sold out35.There _ a lot of sugar in the jar.A. has B.have C.is D.are36. “All _present and all _going on well”, our monitor said.A.is is B.are, are C.are is D.is are37.Yesterday the League secretary and monitor _ asked to make a speech at the meeting. A.is B.was C.are D.were.38.Mary as well as her sisters _ Chinese in China.A.are studying B.have studied C.studies D.study39.The rich_ not always happy.A.are B.is C.will D.may40. _can be done _done.A.All, have been B.All that ,have been C.All has D.All that ,has been41.Either of the plans _equally dangerous.A.are B.is C.has D.have42.The police _the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre.A.is searching B.were searching for C.are searching D.was searching for43.Your trousers _dirty, you must have_ washed.A.is it B.are it C.are them D.is them44.The Olympic games _held every four _.A.is years B.are years C.is year D.are year45.He is the oly one of the students who_elected.A.are B.have C.has D.is46. _a good enough price for this book A.Two yuans are B.Two yuan are C.Two yuans is D.Two yuan is47.No bird and no beast _in the lonely islandA.are seen B.is seen C.see D.sees48.Every means _prevent the water from_A.are used to polluting B. get used to polluting C.is used to , polluted D.is used to ,being polluted49.Each of the _in the ship.A.passenger has his own room B. passengers have their own room C.passenger have their own room D.sengers has his own room50.What we need _good textbooks.A.is B.are C.have D.has51.What you said just now_to do with the matter we are discussing. A.have something B.has something C.had something D.was something52.Either your parents or your elder brother _to attend the meeting tomorrow.A.is B.are C.are going D.have 53.Neither of the novels which _popular with us _been translated into Chinese.A.are has B.are have C.is have D.is has54.Every boy and every girl _to attend the evening party.A.wish B.wishes C.hope D.are hoping55._ has been done.A.netynine percents of the work B. Half of what he promised C. Two-fifths of the articles D. Three quarter of the business答案：1-5 BDDDB 6-10 ABACD 11-15 ACDAB 16-20 DBCDB21-25 CACBA 26-30CBACA 31-35 CCADC 36-40CBCAD 41-45 BBCBD 46-50 DBDDB 51-55 BAABB