初三非谓语动词专题.doc

非谓语动词专题一非谓动词概述：非谓语动词，即在句子中不作谓语的动词，其具体形式分：不定式，动名词，分词三种。二非谓语动词的共性特征：1没有单、复数变化和人称变化（因为不作谓语）；2仍然具有动词本身的特点：可以带宾语、状语；可以有自己的时态、（被动）语态变化；可以构成非谓语动词短语（即不定式短语、动名词短语、分词短语）。3非谓语动词的否定形式：其结构形式无论是单一结构还是复合结构，都在其前面直接加not形成。例如：a. Not knowing a right address, he couldnt find his friends home.b. Im so sorry not to have told you about him a little earlier.c. Not swimming in the river in summer is good for you.4. 非谓语动词的复合结构（即逻辑主谓关系）： a. Its very important for me to learn English well now. b. Do you mind my opening the window, please? c. There being no classes today, we dont go to school. Because there are no classes today, .三非谓语动词的差异性： 构成形式时间概念句中成分主、被动关系复合结构特殊用法作形容词不 定 式to do 表将来、将要主、宾、表、定、状、宾补(Its) for me to do(Its) of you to do 见注1 /动 名 词doing表一件事情(已过/做)、一个名称主、宾、表Thanks for your helping me.见注2 /分词现在分词doing表进行、正在； 表、定、状、宾补表主动伴随动作（主动）见注3可以，见注5过去分词done表过去、已经； 表、定、状、宾补表被动伴随动作（被动）见注4可以，见注6注1：在口诀“使让看听觉”(make,let，have；see,watch,look at, notice , observe； hear, listen to； feel)之后作宾补时，不定式无to, 即无to 不定式( 只在主动语态中 )。但是，“看听觉”动词后接 do 和doing 的含义差别大：例如，I often heard Mary play the piano in the room last month.与I heard Mary playing the piano in the room just now. 一个表“经常、做了、将要”，另一个表“进行，正在”。注2：在口诀“妹不吃咖啡豆（喜欢、完成、操练、建议、介意、放弃、思考、错过、忍受、幻想、坚持、推迟）” (like,love,enjoy,appreciate, hate, dislike; finish, end up；practice；suggest, mind；give up；consider( think of)； keep on; miss; stand; put off) 后，二动词用 doing注3：They often went to the town center, looking for some friends to talk with. They often went to the town center and looked for some friends to talk with.注4：Mr Smith came in , followed by his son John. = Mr Smith came in _ by his son John.注5：interesting, exciting, surprising, moving, boring： 令人。 的 （主动）注6：interested, excited, surprised, moved, bored： 自己、自身。.（被动）.四含非谓语动词的习惯句型：1. feel like doing sth. 想要做。wound like; want to do sth. 2. prevent/stop/keep sb. (from) doing sth.3. go doing 结构(目的)：例如，go fishing; go swimming; go shopping4. be busy doing sth. 忙于做。5. keep (on) doing sth. 连续/ 老是做。6. be worth doing sth. 。值得一做。7. spend(时间) doing sth./ take (时间)to do sth.8. get used to doing sth./ be used to doing sth. 习惯于。pay attention to doing sth. 注意。/ 重视。look forward to doing sth. 9. prefer. to.与。相比。更喜欢/ 爱。prefer staying at home. to playing basketballprefer to stay at home rather than play basketball.10. It was very kind/ nice/ cruel of you to give me a hand yesterday. Its very important/ usefull for you to learn English well now11. remember, forget, stop, begin, start, go on, continue 中， 后接to do 或者 doing 的含义差别很大。例：She stopped talking when the teacher came in. She stopped to talk when the teacher came in.五非谓语动词针对性练习： (一). 用所给动词的适当形式填空：1. All the students are busy _ (get) ready for the coming math exam.2. There were no seats on the bus, so I kept_ (stand) on the way home.3. Because of my poor English, Im afraid I cant make myself_ (understand) before you.4. It took me an hour _ (finish) _ (do) my homework last night.5. The twins prefer watching TV to _ (play) football.6. In the town I have a friend _ (call) Xia Li.7. Its true that our teacher is often heard _ (sing) in her room.8. The next day they found the hills_ (cover) with snow.9. Will you _ (not open) the window, please?10. At once Jim jumped into the river_ (save) the girl.11. I have tried _ (make) friends with her, but she seems not to care.12. She kept me_ (wait) for nearly 40 minutes. Too bad.13. I remember _ (tell) her about him yesterday, but she doesnt think so.14. _ (work) out the problem is another question.15. Whats the language _ (speak) in China?16. I want to know if they could get it _ (prepare) before next Friday.17. I saw him _ (cross) the road safely and _ (run) away.18. I dont know where _ (meet) him.19. What makes you _ (think) Im a farmer?20. I let him _ (go) early as he wanted _ (meet) his uncle at the station.(二)根据句意改写句子1. The old man is so old that he cant work. The old man is too old .2. I dont know how I can get to the TV factory.I dont know to the TV factory.3. Mr. Green went back to England for a holiday.Mr. Green went back to England a holiday.4. Mike hopes he can visit the Great Wall on day.Mike hopes the Great Wall one day.5. Does he say anything for himself at the meeting?Does he have anything for himself at the meeting?6. He is so strong that he can carry the heavy box.He is strong the heavy box.7. He spent two hours doing the work.It him two hours the work.8. Its time for school. Its time school.9. It seems that she is an English teacher.She an English teacher.10. His father said to him, “listen to the teacher carefully.”His father told him the teacher carefully.( 三 ). 单项选择填空: A 组： 1. He found it hard _ his classmates at that time.A. to catch up with B. to catch up C. catch up with2. Tracy cant play the match now. Plaease _instead.A. have Lily do it B. make Lily to do it C. let Lily to do it3. Listen! Can you hear a baby _ in the room?A. cry B. to cry C. crying4. I saw Jessie _ to Lucys home just now. So shes not here now.A. going B. go C. went5. Youd better _ to send me an e-mail when you get home.A. not to forget B. dont forget C. not forget6. Would you mind _ me how _ English words?A. tell, to remember B. telling, to remember C. tell, remember7. He walked _fast for us _ catch up with.A. so, that B. so, to C. too, to8. The artist said that he hoped _drawing the picture soon.A. t o finish B.his son to finish C. his son will finish9. Some students from Grade 9 _ do some _ for the old. A. volunteered to; clean B. volunteered; cleaningC. volunteered to; cleaning D. volunteered; clean 10. Sorry, I really dont know _ the clock.A. how should I mend B. how to mend C. what to mend11. What do you think is the best way _ the wild animals?A. protecting B. to protect C. protected D. protect 12. When they went into the park, they saw someone _ Chinese Kung Fu.A. plays B. played C. playing13. I cant send an e-mail. Would you please show me_it?A. to do B. what to do C. how to do14. Jassica preferred _ in bed rather than _ a horse.A. to lie, ride B.lying, ride C. lie, ride15. _ really hard_ hem to climb Mount Qomolangma.A. Its, of B.Its, for C. Thats, to16. He raised his voice to make everybody in the room _ him clearly. A. heard B. hear C. hearing17. If you dont feel well, you may just _. A. stops reading B.stop to read C. stop reading18. We have two pens _, but I cant decide _.A.to write with, which one to choose B. write, which one to chooseC. to write, to choose which one 19. It was great fun _ a picnic on the hill. A. to have B. of having C. have D. had 20. Why not _? A. let him to go home B. to let him go home C. let him go home D. to let him to go home21. They were made _ fourteen hours a day. A. work B. working C. worked D. to work22. Is it always easier _ friends than to keep them? A. making B. make C. to make D. made23. It is better to teach a man to fish than _ him fish.A. giving B. to give C. gives D. gave 24. Who do you think youd like _? A. to make friends B. make friends C. to make friends with D. make friends with25. Although Jeff loves KFC, he tries _ it too often. A. to eat B. not eat C. to not eat D. not to eat单项选择填空：B组：1. In fact, no one enjoys _ at. A. laughing B. to laugh C. being laughedD. to be laughed 2.They insisted on _ another chance to try. A. given B. giving C. being given D. to be given3. Where is my passport? I remember_it here. You shouldnt have left it here. Remember_ it with you all the time. A. to put; to take B. putting; taking C. Putting; to take D. to put; taking4. His room needs _ , so he must have it_. A. painting; painted B. painted; painting C. painting; painting D. painted; painted 5.The young trees we planted last week require _ with great care. A. looking after B. to look after C. to be looked after D .taken good care of 6. A policeman saw two thieves _ a girls mobile phone on a bus and he caught them at once. A. to steal B. stealing C. stole D. stolen7. She returned home only to find the door open and something _. A. missed B. to be missing C. missing D. to be missed 8. It took the workmen only two hours to finish _ my car. A. repairing B. repair C. to repair D. repaired9. In the early morning she found her father _ in bed, dead.A. lying B. lie C. lay D. laying 10. Now, the classroom wants _ at once. A. clean B. cleaned C .to clean D. cleaning11. Mr. Wang came into the office without _ the door. A. knock B. knocking at C. to knock at D. knocking to 12. My brother keeps _ me with my work. A. to help B. help C. helping D. helped13. We should often practise _ English with each other. A. to speak B. spoke C. speak D. speaking14. Sally had no pen _ yesterday morning. A. to write B. to write with C. writing D. writing with 15. The story was so funny that we _. A. couldnt help laugh B. cant but laugh C. couldnt help laughing D. couldnt help but to laugh16. What about _ to the concert with us ? A. we go B. we going C. going D. to go17._ clean is a safeguard against disease. A. To be keeping B. Kept C. Keep D. Keeping18. Seeing is _. A. to believe B. believing C. believed D. being believed19. The scientist suggested _ the experiment in a different way. A. do B. to do C. doing D. done20. Dont forget _ this book to John when you see him. A. to return B. returning C. return D. to returning21. Look around when _ the street . A. across B. crossing C. crossedD. to be crossing 22. We are both looking forward to _ next week. A. going on vacation B. go on vacation C. be going on vacation D. have gone on vacation23. The food was delicious. That was a _ meal. A. satisfying B. satisfied C. satisfaction D. satisfy 24. Dont have the machine _ all the time. It will go wrong. A. to runB. running C. been run D. run 25. The secretary worked late into the night, _ a long speech for the president. A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing综合能力训练：一补全对话中所缺的单词，每空一词。（John feels illThe doctor looks him over）Doctor: Well, theres nothing serious 86 you, Im glad to say. You are working too hard and worrying too 87 . Do you take enough exercise?John: No, doctor. I never have enough tine 88 exxrcise. I start work very 89 in the morning and finish late in the evening. Then I cant get to sleep. Can you give me some medicine to help me to sleep?Doctor: I can, 90 Im not going to. You dont need medicine. Remember: Dont work too hard. Too much work is 91 for you. Dont worry 92 your work. Its no use to worry. Take enough exercise.John: But I may lose my job (工作), doctor. Its hard to get a job 93 mine.Doctor: Then get an easier one, even if get 94 money. Which would you like to have, health or wealth (财富)?John : You are right, doctor. Its more important to be healthy than wealthy. Ill change my job. Thanks a lot.Doctor: Come and see me 95 a months tine. I think youll be a different man二完形填空（每题1分，共12分） Gilbert joined the Science Club last summer. One day he was handed a piece of paper, a block of wood and four wheels; he was told to go home and 1 them all to “dad”. However, Gilberts mom knew that his dad wasnt good at making things and decided that she would read the 2 and let Gilbert do the work. A few days later the block of wood was turning into a car that Gilbert 3 named “Blue Lightning”. Then he and his mother went to a car race together. But when they 4 there, Gilbert found that his car was the only one that had not been made by a “father-son” partnership (合作). The race began. One by one the cars were knocked out until it 5 to the final betweeen Gilbert and Jimmy. Just before the race, Gilbert asked 6 they could stop for a minute so that he could make a wish. After a long minute, Gilbert said that he was 7 . People cheered as the race began. Jimmy stood with his father and watched their car racing down the road while Gilbert was surprised at the great 8 of his car as it rushed over the finishing line less than a second 9 Jimmys. Gilbert jumped up and down with 10 . Soon the club manager came over and asked him, “So, Gilbert, your wish was to 11 , right?” “Oh no, sir,” he replied. “I just wished that I wouldnt cry if I lost.” Children sometimes 12 adults with unexpected ideas. When Gilbert first saw the other cars, he didnt cry out, “Not fair! Other children had their fathers help!” Gilbert didnt wish for victory in the race; instead he wished for courage.1. A. send B. return C. lend D. give2. A. instructions B. passage C. message D. explanations3. A. easily B. carefully C. proudly D. kindly4. A. lived B. got C. met D. passed5. A. ran B. moved C. came D. rushed6. A. whether B. why C. when D. where7. A. sure B. ready C. tired D. sorry8. A. effort B. energy C. speed D. value9. A. past B. over C. after D. before10. A. excitement B. enjoyment C. agreement D. achievement11. A. change B. break C. leave D. win12. A. satisfy B. surprise C. please D. encourage三用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空：Jim likes playing football. And he also enjoys _ (watch) football matches. As he hasnt enough money _ (buy) tickets, he has to watch them on TV at home if he _ (have) time. But he always goes to school from Monday to Friday and _ (miss) a lot of important matches.One afternoon there _(be) the biggest match of the year in America. Jim hoped_ (watch) it on TV very much, but he couldnt. They _ (have) a science test the next morning and he had to get ready for it.“Can we have a video, Mum?” Jim asked before he went to school. “Then you _ (record) (录制) the football matches for me.” “Im afraid we cant buy one.” said his mother.But the next afternoon in _ (come) Jim, with a new video in his arms. “How did you pay for that , Jim?” his mother asked him in surprise“Thats easy, Mum,” answered the boy, “I _ (sell) our TV set.”