七年级上册单词巧记句型语法剖析.doc

七年级上册单词巧记+句型语法剖析Unit1. My names Gina.句型：1, Whats your name? My names Jenny. / Im Jenny. / Jenny.May I have your name? Yes, my names Jenny. Whats his/her name? His/Her names Tony/Gina. 2, Im Tony Brown. Whats your full name?My full name/ It is Tony Brown. My first name is Tony. My last name/family name is Brown. 3, Whats your/his/her telephone/phone number? Its 555-3539.语法：1,形容词性物主代词：my(我的) your(你的) his/her/its(他/她/它的) our(我们的) your(你们的）their(他们的） 后面需要接名词，修饰名词，做前置定语。 在句中可作主语，宾语等成分。 My book is here. This is my book. 2, 主格： I you he/she/ it we you they 在句中做主语，一般放句首，后面紧跟 am/is/are 及其他动词。 Im a student. She looks great. Unit2. Is this your pencil?句型：1, Is this your pencil? Yes, it is. 2, Is this my pen? No, it isnt. 3, Is that his book? Yes, it is. 4, How do you spell it? = Can you spell it, please? = Spell it, please. 5, Call Alan at 495-3539. Call me/him/her/them. 给我/他/她/他们打电话. Call 4953539 拨打4953539。 Call sb. at + 电话号码 拨打找某人 6, Is that your computer game in the lost and found case? 7, a set of keys a set of + 名词复数语法；1,句中含be(am, is, are)一般疑问句的变法： 把be提前，如果句中有my变your，I 变you，其他的照抄不变。肯定回答 yes, 主语+am/is/are 否定回答 No,主语+am not/arent/isnt. 注意：回答时主语如果是物品单数或者this/that的话，用it替代主语，如果是复数人和物品用they替代。 2, be动词的用法口诀；I am, you are, is 他/她/它（he/she/it）,单数is 复数are. Be动词跟随主语的变化而变化。Unit3. This is my sister.句型：1,Is this your sister? No, it isnt. Is she your sister? No, she isnt. 2,This is my friend. These are my friends. That is my brother. Those are my brothers. 3, Thanks for the photo of your family. Here is my family photo. photo of your family = your family photo语法：可数名词单数变复数：一般情况下加s, book-books， 以s, x, sh, ch结尾的加es watch-watches 以辅音字母加y结尾的，把y改为i再加es boy- boys, family-families 以o结尾的有生命的加es, 无生命的加s, tomato-tomatoes, photo-photosunit4. Wheres my backpack? 句型：Wheres the baseball? Its in the backpack. Wheres my computer game? Its under the bed. Where are his keys? Theyre on the dresser. Where are your books? Theyre on the chair. Where are her keys? Theyre on the table. Where are you? Im at school. Is it on the dresser? No, it isnt. Please take these things to your sister. Can you bring some things to school? The book is on the floor.语法: 1,询问人或物品在哪里，我们用Where, 结构为 where+is/are+人/物品名称? “在哪里” 回答用 主语+is/are +in/at/under/on/near +地点注意：表示“在地方”地点前要用定冠词the 或者形容词性物主代词my/your/his/their修饰，但是两者不能同时出现，我们可以说in the room, in my room 但是绝对不可以in the my room.词语用法:1, take v.带走， 把人或物品带到别的地方去，take to 把带到去 bring v.带来，把人或物品从别的地方带到说话的地方来 bringto 把带到来 2,please 后接动词用原形。unit5. Do you have a soccer ball?句型: Do you have a TV? Yes, I do/No, I dont. Do they have a computer? Yes, they do./No, they dont. Does he have a tennis racket? Yes, he does./No, he doesnt. Does she have a soccer ball? Yes, she does./No, she doesnt. Does he have a ping-pang ball? Yes, he does./No, he doesnt. Lets play soccer. Let me help you. I dont have a soccer ball. That sounds good.语法：1,句中不含be(am,is,are)动词的 一般疑问句的变法。 也就是说句中谓语动词是实义动词时，要变为一般疑问句，在句首加do/does（当主语是第三人称单数的时候用does）,第一人称变第二人称，动词变原形其他的语序不变。I have a computer. Do you have a computer? She likes playing ping-pang.- Does she like playing ping-pang.肯定回答用yes, 主语+do/does.否定回答用No,主语+dont/doesnt. 2一般句子中当主语是第三人称单数的时候，谓语动词要起变化。具体的变化为：一般情况加s, know-knows, 以s,x,ch,sh,o结尾的加es, teach-teaches, go-goes, 以辅音字母加y结尾，把y改为i, 再加es study-studies 3,do/does 叫做助动词(语法需要加上去翻译部出来的动词)时，后面接动词原形， Does he like reading? She doesnt like reading. She doesnt do her homework. 但是如果做实义动词(能翻译出来意思的动词)呢，遇到主语第三人称单数就要起变化。 She does her homework. 4，have的第三人称单数为 has. 5, let sb do sth 让某人做某事 （sb代表人，如果是代词用宾格，do代表动词原形） 6，play+球类 表示“踢，打，玩.” play football play+the+乐器 表示“弹奏乐器” play the piano unit6 Do you like bananas?句型：Do you like salad? Yes, I do./No, I dont. Does he like pears? Yes, he does./No, he doesnt. I like oranges. I dont like oranges. Running star eats lots of healthy food.语法: 句中谓语动词是实义动词的陈述句，变否定形式在实义动词前加dontdoesnt(主语是第三人称单数时用doesnt). like doing sth/like to do sth 喜欢做某事 I like swimming. She likes to eat hamburgers.Unit7 How much are these pants?句型：How much is the red sweater? Its eight dollars. Whats the price of the red sweater? Its eight dollars. How much are these black pants? Theyre ten dollars. Whats the price of these black pants? Theyre ten dollars. Can I help you?=What can I do for you? Yes, please. I want a sweater. What color do you want? Blue. Here you are. How much is it? Nine dollars. Ill take it. Anyone can afford our prices. Come and see for yourself at Huaxing Clothes Store. We have sweaters at a very good price. You can buy socks for only $1 each. The girl in red is my friend. The green shorts are on sale for $25.结构： 询问价格 How much + is/are + 物品名称？ Whats the price of+ 物品名称？ 多少钱？ 回答：Its/Theyre + 价格Unit8 When is your birthday?句型：When is your birthday? My birthday is November 11th. When is Liu Pings birthday? Her birthday is on September 5th. When is his birthday? Its March 21st.语法： 月份前用介词in, in May 在六月， 但是具体到某一天用介词on, on May 1st.Unit9 Do you want to go to a movie?句型：Do you want to go to a movie? Yes, I do./ No, I dont. Does he want to go to a movie? Yes, he does./No, he doesnt. What kind of movies do you like? I like action movies and comedies. I like thrillers and l like Beijing Opera. I like comedies but I dont like documentaries. She often goes to see Chinese action movies on weekends. She thinks she can learn about Chinese history. He really likes his movies. Mike father likes it, too! = Mikes father also like it. I think its boring/exciting/interesting/relaxing. She is bored/excited/interested/relaxed.语法：too, also也，都用于肯定句中，但是also用于句中，too用于句末，且用逗号隔开。Unit10 Can you play the guitar?句型：Can you dance? Yes, I can./No, I cant. Can he paint? Yes, he can./ No, he cant. Can she speak English? Yes, she can./No, she cant. What club do you want to join? We want to join the chess club. I want to join the basketball club. What can you do? I can play the guitar. Are you good with kids? Can you help kids with swimming? Come and join us! Musicians wanted for school music festival. Can you draw? Yes, a little. I want to learn about art. Do you have an e-mail address?语法：一般疑问句总结：be动词提前型，句首加助动词do/does型，can/could/may/will/would等情态动词开头型， 回答一律用yes/No回答。注意，助动词和情态动词后接动词一定用原形。结构：1 join与 join in 的区别 join 参加，指参加某项活动 join in 加入 着重加入某种组织，团体，政党并成为其中一员。 2，help sb do sth/help sb with doing sth 帮助某人做某事 3, be good at=be well in 在擅长，擅长于 be good for 对 有好处 be good with 和相处的很好 4, learn about sth 学习有关于Unit11 What time do you go to school?句型：What time do you usually get up? I usually get up at five oclock. What time does he eat breakfast? He eats breakfast at seven oclock. What time does she go to school? She goes to school at eight oclock. He brushes his teeth and has a shower. What a funny time to eat breakfast! To get to work, he takes the number 17 bus to a hotel. The bus usually takes him to work at 19:15. People love to listen to him. He goes to bed at 8:30. Can you think what his job is? Please write and tell me about your morning. Please write soon.语法: 1,时间表达法 1，直接表达法，8:20 eight twenty 2, 间接表达法 分钟+to+时钟 表示“几点差几分” 3:40 twenty to four 分钟+past+时钟 表示“几点过几分” 3:20 twenty past three a quarter to three 3:15 three quarter past five 5:45 half past six 6;30 具体时间前用介词at 表示在几点 2, What time 问具体的时间，具体到几点 When 问时间，范围比what time 广，可以是具体的时间，也可以是大概的时间结构：take sb to sp 带某人去某地 listen to 听 write to sb 写信给某人 tell sb about sth 告诉某人有关于某事 tell sb to do sth 告诉某人去做某事Unit12 My favorite subject is science.句型：Whats your favorite subject? My favorite subject is math. Whats his favorite subject? His favorite subject is art. Whats her favorite subject? Her favorite subject is P.E. What subject do you like best? I like math best. Why do you like math? Because its interesting. Why does he like art? Because its fun. Who is your art teacher? Our art teacher is Mrs. Jones. Im really busy doing my homework. She is busy with her work. I have science. Its too difficult. Im really tired of watching TV I like to play with my dog. He is always running around with me.结构：1, favorite=likebest 最喜爱 2, be busy doing sth 忙于做某事 be busy with sth 忙于某事 3, be tired of doing sth 做感到厌烦 Unit 8When is your birthday三占剖析单词巧记典句考点【经典例句】 When do you think we should set off?你认为我们什么时间出发？【考点聚焦】 1)when可以对年、月、日以及时刻进行提问或者询问某一动作发生的时间，回答时常用介词at,in,on等组成的表时间的介词短语。2)what time也可就时间进行提问，what time更强调“几点”。【活学活用】 1.选择填空(When,How,What)do you have a volleyball game?On March 31st.答案：When【巧记提示】 birth( n. 出生、诞生)+day(天)【经典例句】 Happy birthday to you.祝你生日快乐。【考点聚焦】 记住与birthday有关的短语：a birthday present（gift）生日礼物；birthday cake生日蛋糕；birthday card生日卡；birthday party生日聚会【经典例句】 There are twelve months in a year.一年有十二个月。【考点聚焦】 1)注意它的复数形式为months，而不是monthes。2)搭配：this month这个月；next month下个月【活学活用】 2.根据首字母完成单词The third m of a year is March.答案：month【经典例句】 I live on the fifth floor.我住在第五层楼上。【考点聚焦】 1)切记由five变为序数词时，ve要变为f再加th，即five fifth。2)序数词的前面一般要带定冠词the,但序数词前面如果已经有物主代词 my,your,his,her等，则不能再用定冠词the。3)序数词也可以用阿拉伯数字加上该序数词的最后两个字母来表示。如：first1st;second2nd;third3rd;fourth4th;fifth5th;sixth6th;thirtysecond32nd等。【活学活用】 3.用five的适当形式填空We have classes.The class is English.答案：five;fifth【经典例句】 Whats the date today?今天几号？Its March 12th.今天是3月12日。【考点聚焦】 注意与day的区别：1)day：泛指日子，如：a day“一天”，“days”这些日子。day可用于询问星期。day可指节日，如：Childrens Day儿童节。与night相对，指白天，如：day and night日日夜夜。2)date指具体的日期，即某年某月某日。【巧记提示】 age(年龄)page(页码)【经典例句】 He died at the age of ninety.他于90岁去世。【考点聚焦】 常见短语：at the age of在岁时；be of age成年；be weak with age年老体弱。【活学活用】 4.写出同义句My brother is twelve years old. 答案：My brothers age is twelve.【巧记提示】 con+test(考查；考试)【经典例句】 Running is a contest of speed.赛跑就是一次速度的竞争。【考点聚焦】 1)注意与game的区别：game意思是“比赛，游戏”，通常是选手们按一定规则进行竞赛。而contest多表示比较正式，多侧重一定结果的“竞争或比赛”。2)还可用作动词，常用于结构contest with/against“与竞争/对抗”。【巧记提示】 part(部分)+y【经典例句】 We are having a party this Saturday.本周六我们有个聚会。【考点聚焦】 1)常用搭配：an evening party晚会；a birthday party生日宴会；an English party英语聚会。2)party还可作“党派”讲。如：the Chinese Communist Party 中国共产党【巧记提示】 Chin(China中国)+ese(表人的后缀)【经典例句】 The Chinese are a peaceloving people.中国人民是热爱和平的人民。【考点聚焦】 切记Chinese的首字母一定要大写。它可用作名词，也可用作形容词。用作名词时，单复数相同。如：They are Chinese.他们是中国人。【活学活用】 5.用China,Chinese完成句子In , is the first language(语言).答案：China;Chinese【经典例句】 I like classical music better than popular music. 比起流行音乐来，我更喜欢古典音乐。【考点聚焦】 1)派生词：musical adj.音乐的musician n.音乐家2)常用搭配：dance to the music跟着音乐跳舞； popular music流行音乐短语典句考点 October tenth 10月10号【经典例句】 Jims birthday is October tenth.10月10日是吉姆的生日。【考点聚焦】 1)切记表达日期时应用序数词。如：10月1日：October the first也可写成October 1st/October 1/Oct.1。2)表示“年、月、日”时，一般先说月，再说日，最后说年，写的时候“年”前加逗号。【活学活用】 6.用英语写出下列日期(1)9月9日(2)2010年3月12日 答案：(1)September 9th./September ninth(2)March 12th,2010how old 多大年纪；几岁【经典例句】 How old is your father?你父亲多大年龄了？【考点聚焦】 句型 “How old+be+主语？”常用于“问年龄”，其回答用“主语+be+数字”或者直接用一个数字。数字后也可以加years old。【活学活用】 7.对画线部分提问My mother is thirty-four years old. is your mother?答案：How olddate of birth 出生日期【经典例句】 My mothers date of birth is June twelfth.我母亲的生日是6月12日。【考点聚焦】 1)意思与birthday相同，两者可互换。2)of.可以表示无生命事物的所有格，意为“的”。【活学活用】 8.同义句转换The date of Bills birth is April ninth.Bills is April ninth.答案：birthdayschool trip 学生郊游【经典例句】 Were going to have a school trip next week.下周我们将去郊游。【考点聚焦】 英语中，名词可以作定语。在这里school为名词，作定语修饰trip。这时一定要注意在变为复数形式时，只变后面的名词即可。本单元我们学到的类似的词组还有speech contest演讲比赛；basketball game篮球比赛；birthday party生日聚会等。【活学活用】 9.翻译句子一学期我们会有三次郊游。 答案：We have three school trips in a term.句子剖析拓展When is your birthday?你的生日是什么时候？【剖析】 这是一个when引导的特殊疑问句，其结构为：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？【拓展】 常见的特殊疑问词还有what(什么)；what color(什么颜色)；how(怎么)；how old(几岁)；where(哪里)等。Do you have a School Day at your school?在你们学校，你有学校日吗？【剖析】 此句为一般现在时的一般疑问句。构成是“Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他”，表示现在经常发生的动作，意为“主语（经常）做吗？”。注意当主语为第三人称单数时，用does,否则用do。【拓展】 对这样的一般疑问句的肯定回答是：Yes,主语+do/does.否定回答是：No,主语+dont/doesnt.语法聚焦“名词所有格”大看台【表演项目】 “s”格的用途【性格展示】名词情况构成方法举例有生命的单数名词加sJacks father,Toms pen有生命的复数名词以s结尾加the Teachers Office不以s结尾加sthe Childrens homework表示时间、距离、国家等的名词只在最后一个词后加shalf an hours walk表示几个人共同拥有的名词Mike and Johns desk(两人共有)表示每个人各自拥有的名词在每个名词后加sMikes and Johns desks(每个人都有，desk用复数)表示无生命的名词of+名词the legs of the desk【特别提醒】 名词所有格后面跟表示住宅、学校、店铺等名词时，这些名词习惯上可省略。如：go to uncle Wangs （去王叔叔家），at the doctors（在医务室）【魔术表演】 在单词后加s可不一定都是所有格形式，要看清楚呀：My mothers a teacher.(mothers为mother is的缩写，不是所有格)【相关提示】 表示无生命的名词的所有关系时，常用与of构成的短语来表示，位置在其所修饰的词之后。如：a picture of the classroom.一张教室的图。典题精讲经典题型例阅读短文判断正（T）误（F）。Have you got a lucky color?Zhang Bowen,a junior 2 student in Hangzhou,Zhejiang,has！His lucky color is orange and he tries to wear only orange clothes!“My birthday is in June so Im a Gemini(双子座),” says the 14yearold boy.“A Geminis lucky color is orange.Thats why I always wear orange clothes.” When Zhang says he is a Gemini,he is talking about his star sign.He believes(认为)that his star sign decides what will happen to him in life.It decides when he falls in love and whether he becomes rich or not！Zhang reads horoscopes(星座占卜)to find out what his stars will do to him.Zhangs classmates dont think hes strange for reading horoscopes.Many of them read horoscopes,too.In fact,junior middle school students in Hangzhou like reading horoscopes more than anything else,according to a recent(最近的)study on a Hangzhou newspaper.But not everyone believes them.“Theyre just a game and a bit of fun,” says Liu Jing,a Junior 2 student from Nanjing.根据短文内容判断正误，正确写(T)，错误写(F)。1.Zhang Bowen only wears orange clothes.2.Jims date of birth is June 16th.He may be a Gemini.3.Star sign can decide what will happen in a mans future.4.Many of Zhangs classmates read and believe in horoscopes like Zhang.5.Some people believe horoscopes just for fun.参考答案： 1.F2.T3.F4.T5.T思路解析：1.原句为he tries to wear only orange clothes,这里try to do sth.表示“想方设法做某事”，并不代表已做到，所以答案为F。2.文章第三段第一句交代，“我的生日在六月，因此我是双子座”，由此可推断答案为T。3.此句意为“星座能决定一个人的未来会发生什么”，这仍只是一部分人的想法，从最后一段的不同意见应知这种看法并非有理论依据。因此答案为F。4.此句是第六、七段的主旨大意，答案为T。5.此句考查对最后一段的正确理解，答案为T。原创题Happy birthday! Dear Alice,Please come to my birthday party on October twentyeighth.Time:6:30 p.m. SaturdayPlace:My home.Anna根据生日卡片上的内容，回答下列问题。1.Who writes the birthday card?.2.When is Annas birthday?.3.Where is the birthday party?.4.What time does Anna have her party?.5.What may they do at the party?.参考答案： 1.Anna2.October twentyeighth,Saturday.3.At Annas home.4.6:30 p.m.5.They may sing the birthday song,dance,eat the birthday cake.思路解析：本题属于信息搜索题，从所给的信息中可以判断，Anna计划在10月28日星期六下午六点，在家中举行生日聚会，邀请Alice参加。绿色通道：在做此类题目时，一定要正确把握信息内容，根据所给问题，从所给的信息中找出答案即可。巧学法园地基数词变序数词的方法歌诀基数变序数，th来帮助。“8”少“t”，“9”去“e”，y结尾改ie“ve”要用“f”替，five,twelve是两兄弟。遇到几十几，只变个位就可以。还有一点看仔细，1、2、3，要特殊记。Unit1. My names Gina.句型：1, Whats your name? My names Jenny. / Im Jenny. / Jenny.May I have your name? Yes, my names Jenny. Whats his/her name? His/Her names Tony/Gina. 2, Im Tony Brown. Whats your full name?My full name/ It is Tony Brown. My first name is Tony. My last name/family name is Brown. 3, Whats your/his/her telephone/phone number? Its 555-3539.语法：1,形容词性物主代词：my(我的) your(你的) his/her/its(他/她/它的) our(我们的) your(你们的）their(他们的） 后面需要接名词，修饰名词，做前置定语。 在句中可作主语，宾语等成分。 My book is here. This is my book. 2, 主格： I you he/she/ it we you they 在句中做主语，一般放句首，后面紧跟 am/is/are 及其他动词。 Im a student. She looks great. Unit2. Is this your pencil?句型：1, Is this your pencil? Yes, it is. 2, Is this my pen? No, it isnt. 3, Is that his book? Yes, it is. 4, How do you spell it? = Can you spell it, please? = Spell it, please. 5, Call Alan at 495-3539. Call me/him/her/them. 给我/他/她/他们打电话. Call 4953539 拨打4953539。 Call sb. at + 电话号码 拨打找某人 6, Is that your computer game in the lost and found case? 7, a set of keys a set of + 名词复数语法；1,句中含be(am, is, are)一般疑问句的变法： 把be提前，如果句中有my变your，I 变you，其他的照抄不变。肯定回答 yes, 主语+am/is/are 否定回答 No,主语+am not/arent/isnt. 注意：回答时主语如果是物品单数或者this/that的话，用it替代主语，如果是复数人和物品用they替代。 2, be动词的用法口诀；I am, you are, is 他/她/它（he/she/it）,单数is 复数are. Be动词跟随主语的变化而变化。Unit3. This is my sister.句型：1,Is this your sister? No, it isnt. Is she your sister? No, she isnt. 2,This is my friend. These are my friends. That is my brother. Those are my brothers. 3, Thanks for the photo of your family. Here is my family photo. photo of your family = your family photo语法：可数名词单数变复数：一般情况下加s, book-books， 以s, x, sh, ch结尾的加es watch-watches 以辅音字母加y结尾的，把y改为i再加es boy- boys, family-families 以o结尾的有生命的加es, 无生命的加s, tomato-tomatoes, photo-photosunit4. Wheres my backpack?句型：Wheres the baseball? Its in the backpack. Wheres my computer game? Its under the bed. Where are his keys? Theyre on the dresser. Where are your books? Theyre on the chair. Where are her keys? Theyre on the table. Where are you? Im at school. Is it on the dresser? No, it isnt. Please take these things to your sister. Can you bring some things to school? The book is on the floor.语法: 1,询问人或物品在哪里，我们用Where, 结构为 where+is/are+人/物品名称? “