2013高考英语抢分知识点串讲.doc

2013年高考英语抢分知识大串讲第1讲一、Language Points1.sharev. 分享、合用：share sth with sbn. 一份，股份sparea. 业余的，备用的：spare time, a spare tirev. 抽出，匀给：spare me five minutes/spare one of sandwiches for the boyspare no efforts：不遗余力 spare no expense：不惜工本savev. 节省，救出2.He felt lucky to have survived the war.3.with sb about/over sth：和某人就某事争论arguefor/against sth：赞成/反对Sb into/out of (doing) sth：说服某人做/不做某事4.have/make/let/see/watch/listen to+宾+宾补(do/doing/done)get sb to do sthhave+宾+宾补(to do/to be done)5.So+同一主语+助动词So/neither/nor+助动词+另一主语So it is/was with+另一主语6.should/ought to/need/could/might/would+do/have done7.except/but/except for/except that/except wh-clausebesides/in additionapart frombut for=without8.The first time+从句For the first time：作时间状语Its the first time+that-clause(完成时)the first+名词+to do9.mostmost of the +n.(pl)/pron. the majority of (the)mostly: 主要地（状）10.be equal to sth：与相等be equal to (doing) sth：胜任(做)某事equal sth：与相等equal sb in sth：在方面与某人匹敌11.compareto/withcompared to/with12.a great manyseveral/two dozen/hundred +n.(pl.)(many) dozens ofa great many of +the/these/those+n.(pl.)seveal/two dozen of +pron.13.much too+adj/adv(原级)too much+n.(u.)too many+n.(pl.)14. 没有被动态 come about(主要用于疑问句、否定句) happen(表示偶然、碰巧之意)sth+ take place(多表示有组织、有计划) break out(指战争、灾害、疾病等的爆发) occur(与happen通用) It occurs to sb that/to do：某人突然想起15. n./pron./adj./adv./prep-phrase to do：表将来With+宾+宾补 doing：表正在进行 Done：表过去16. 强调句型的判断方法：如果将句子中的“it be”和“that”去掉，原句通顺则是强调句，否则就不是强调句。例：It was in the street that I met an old friend yesterday.二、语法专题名词的考点1. 考查可数名词和不可数名词，尤其是许多不可数名词在一定情况下变为可数名词。2. 考查名词的格，即 s所有格，of所有格或双重所有格。3. 名词作定语。4. 名词及名词短语的辨析。5. 名词与介词，冠词，动词的搭配。三、题型归纳辨析型单项填空1. 名词的辨析名词的辨析首先要注意名词单复数的意义区别，如parent指父亲或母亲，而parents指父母双亲；people指人们，而a people指民族。其次注意可数与不可数时的意义区别，如: exercise指锻炼；而exercises指练习题或练习操；再次，注意同义名词或近义名词的区别，如: event指发生的重大事件、体育项目；incident指偶发事件；而accident指意外事件。最后还要注意近形词的区别，如: cloth指布；cloths指各种不同用途的布；clothes指衣服(复数)，clothing衣服(总称)。2. 动词的辨析对于动词的辨析，首先要了解动词的及物与不及物，如: reply意为“回答，答复”后面接名词时需接介词to, 此时为不及物动词；后接从句时，则为及物动词。其次是要弄清动词的词义区别，如: advise与persuade, 前者指劝说、劝告，强调过程；而后者指说服，强调结果。最后还要区别各种非谓语动词间的意义和用法：动词的v-ing形式表示正在进行或伴随的动作；v-ed形式表示完成或被动；to do形式表示即将进行的动作等。3. 形容词、副词的辨析对于形容词、副词，一是要注意近义词间的区别，如: clever指对问题处理的圆滑；bright指对问题的反应快；wise指选择的正确等。此外，如wide与broad; strong与powerful; interesting与interested; exciting与excited等。二是注意同形的形容词和副词，如: close作形容词时意为“亲密的”；作副词时意为“接近，靠拢”。三是注意同根副词的区别，如: hard与hardly, 前者指猛烈地、努力地；而后者意为几乎不。四是注意副词形式的形容词，如: friendly, lovely, lively实际上是形容词，切不可当作副词使用。五是注意形容词的位置区别，如: present+n.与n.+present，前者指当前的；而后者指在场的。4. 介词的辨析对介词的辨析要从两方面入手，一是介词的词义，如: across, through, past, over为动作介词，across强调从表面横过，越过；through强调从空间穿过；past强调从侧面、旁边经过；over强调从空中越过而不接触，也可以表示越过一段距离、空间等。此外，如above, over, on; with, by; of, to; to, for的区别。5. 连词的辨析连词的区别主要在于：一是连词的意义，如：when, while与as; because, since与for; whether与if; though, as与although等。二是注意时间名词短语转化而成的连词，如： every/each time; the first/secondtime; the moment; the minute等，它们都可作连词，连接从句。三是注意副词转化而成的连词，如: directly, immediately, instantly等。四是注意连词的词序，如: only if与if only, 前者意为“只要”，后者意为“要是就好了”。6. 代词的辨析代词的辨析包括不定代词，如: other, others, the other, the others, another等；人称代词，如: one, it, that等和关系代词，如: which与that; which与as; whose与prep.+which/whom等。1. Does the teacher_ you to go home this weekend?A. allowB. consentC. agreeD. approve2. After the big fire, the house was completely_.A. ruinedB. destroyedC. damagedD. spoiled3. The hunter said he was lucky to get out of the forest_.A. livingB. aliveC. livelyD. live4. _ talking with his Grandma, he went away without saying a word.A. Tiring withB. Tiring ofC. Tired withD. Tired of5. Its necessary to have some_ knowledge for this job.A. electricB. electricalC. elctronD. electricity6. The photo_ on the wall was taken in Beijing last year.A. hangB. hangingC. hungD. hanged7. On New Years Day, people, especially girls, always wear new_-new hats, new coats, new trousers and new shoes.A. clothesB. clothingC. clothD. cloths8. He stays up_ in the evenings to go online to get the_ information.A. late, latestB. lately, lastC. late, lastD. latest, latest9. _ is it to ask her about her about that? She doesnt know it either.A. What goodB. How good C. What a good D. How much good10. _ I had done it I knew I had made a mistake.A. HardlyB. DirectlyC. mostlyD. Nearly11. It is said you went to see Jenny yesterday. What has become_ her?A. fromB. ofC. intoD. /12. Who do you think will be allowed_ there tomorrow?A. visitB. to visitC. visitingD. visited13. Today we can either fly to Hainan Island or take a ship_ the sea.A. inB. acrossC. from inD. across from14. You wil find what great benefit the computer you own can be_ each time you use it to help you work.A. forB. ofC. atD. on15. I thought he was not_ of a professor the first time I heard him speaking to the children at the platform in the hall of our school.A. somethingB. anythingC. somebodyD. anybody16. Weve missed the last bus. Im afraid we have no_ but to take a taxi.A. wayB. choiceC. possibilityD. selection17. _ students have graduated from this school in the last twenty years.A. Tens of thousands ofB. Tens upon thousands ofC. Tens in thousandsD. Ten thousands of18. The farmers plan to produce three times_ in the year before last to meet the increasing need of the people.A. of crop as much this year asB. as much crop this year asC. as more crop this year asD. much crop this year than19. I think the house is_ large for a family of four people and the price is very reasonable.A. tooB. ratherC. fairlyD. a little20. His mother dislikes him, for he_ lies.A. tellsB. is always tellingC. has toldD. always told1-5 ABBDB 6-10 BBAAB 11-15 BBDBB 16-20 BAB第2讲一、Language points1. sb./sth.+adj/n sb./sth.+to do consider(以为，认为) sb./sth.+as that-clause n. consider(考虑) doing 疑问词+to do sth “把当作”的译法：consideras =think of/look on/take/regard/treat/haveas2. to do A way+ of doing (that/in which)+定语从句 A method of doing sth by this meansYou can solve the problem+ with this method in this wayby means of:通过方式，以手段by this/that means:通过这种/那种方式 by all means:务必，一定；（用于回答）当然行，请 by no means:决不，一点也不（用于句首时用倒装）3. protect(from) doing sth prevent/stop(from) doing sth keepfrom doing keepdoing under the potection of4. as well as well as might/may as well=had better5. to do specially+ for-phrase especially6. along the river:沿着河流 over the river:在河的正上方 through the forest:穿过森林 by the river:在河边 on the bank:在河岸上7. follow the instructions follow ones advice as follows8. be responsible to sb for sth9. n. doing/to do sth sb to do sthprefer+ sth to sth doing A to doing B to do A rather than do sth that sb (should) do sth10. n.+after +n.=one +n. +after another 一个接一个（强调动作的重复） n. +by +n.: 一个接一个（强调动作的变化） tree after tree/day by day11. say “hi” to sb. Please remember me to sb.向“某人”问好 Send my regards to sb. Send the best wishes to sb.12. 主+be +adj. +to do: 不定式一般用主动式，与主语存在逻辑上的动宾关系，所以当不定式的动词是不及物动词时，则应在其后加上适当的介词。主+be +adj. +to do= It be +adj.+ (for/of sb) +to do stheg. This question is difficult to answer.=Its difficult to answer the question.The man is hard to work with.=Its hard to work with the man.当不定式用作定语时，与其所修饰的词之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，且主语为该动作的执行者时，也常常用主动形式。Eg. He wants water to drink. She has a room to live in.I will go to Beijing tomorrow. Do you have anything to be taken there?2013高考英语高频词汇沈阳高分英语家教吴军免费版（非核心授课版）1. accident n. 事故,意外的事2. adventure n. 冒险; 奇遇3. advertisement n. 广告4. ambulance n. 救护车5. anxious a. 忧虑的,焦急的6. apologize vi. 道歉,谢罪7. appearance n. 出现,露面;容貌8. appointment n. 约会9. appreciate v. 欣赏; 感激10. audience n. 观众,听众11. average a. 平均的;普通的 n. 平均数12. baggage n. 行李13. bamboo n. 竹14. beard n.（下巴上的）胡须15. behaviour n. 行为,举止16. blame n.& v. 责备; 责怪17. bleed vi. 出血,流血18. telephone booth 电话亭19. boring a. 乏味的,无聊的20. breathe vi. 呼吸21. broadcast （broadcast, broadcast）vt. 广播22. businessman n. 商人;企业家23. camera n. 照相机;摄像机24. candle n. 蜡烛25. carrot n.胡萝卜26. ceiling n. 天花板,顶棚27. celebrate v. 庆祝28. centigrade a. 摄氏的29. century n. 世纪,百年30. certificate n. 证明,证明书31. chain store(s)连锁店32. cheek n. 面颊,脸蛋33. chemistry n. 化学34. circle n. 圆圈 vt. 将圈起来35. classical a. 传统的;古典的36. climate n. 气候37. clinic n. 诊所38. college n. 学院;专科学校39. comfortable a. 舒服的;安逸的;舒服自在的40. comment n. 评论41. communicate v. 交际;传达（感情,信息等）42. compare vt. 比较,对照43. composition n. 作文;作曲44. conceited a. 骄傲自满的45. condition n. 条件,状况46. conference n.（正式的）会议;讨论47. congratulate vt. 祝贺48. content a. 甘愿的,满意的 n. 内容49. convenient a. 便利的,方便的50. counter n. 柜台,结账51. countryside n. 乡下,农村52. cousin n. 堂（表）兄弟,堂（表）姐妹53. crazy a. 疯狂的54. crowded a. 拥挤的55. curious a. 好奇的;奇异的56. daily a. 每日的;日常的 ad. 每天 n. 日报57. damage n.& vt. 毁坏,损害58. damp a. & n. 潮湿（的）59. dangerous a. 危险的60. daughter n. 女儿61. dawn n. 黎明,拂晓62. deadline n.最后期限,截止日期63. December n. 12月64. delicious a. 美味的,可口的65. deliver vt. 投递（信件,邮包等）66. dentist n. 牙科医生67. describe vt. 描写,叙述68. destroy vt.破坏,毁坏69. determine vt. 决定;决心70. develop v 使发展;使发达;使发育;开发vt 冲洗照片71. devote vt. 把奉献; 把专用（于）72. diary n. 日记;日记簿73. dictionary n. 词典,字典74. dining-room 食堂,饭厅75. disadvantage n. 不利条件;弱点76. disappear vi. 消失77. disaster n. 灾难;祸患78. discovery n. 发现79. disease n. 病,疾病80. distant a. 远的,遥远的81. district n. 区;地区;区域82. disturb vt. 扰乱;打扰83. divide vt. 分,划分84. dizzy a. 头晕目眩的85. download n.& v. 下载（计算机用语）86. drawer n. 抽屉87. drunk a. 醉的88. easy-going a. 随和的89. education n. 教育,培养90. effort n. 努力,艰难的尝试91. electricity n. 电;电流92. encourage vt. 鼓励93. endless a. 无止境的; 没完的94. enlarge vt. 扩大95. entertainment n. 娱乐96. entrance n. 入口;入场;进入的权利;入学许可97. envelope n. 信封98. environment n. 环境99. especially ad. 特别,尤其100. examine vt. 检查;诊察101. excellent a. 极好的,优秀的102. exit n. 出口,太平门103. expect vt. 预料;盼望;认为104. experience n. 经验;经历105. expert n. 专家,能手106. explanation n. 解释,说明107. express vt. 表达;表示;表情n. 快车,特快专递108. failure n. 失败109. fairly ad. 公正地,正当地;相当（程度）地110. familiar a. 熟悉的111. favourite (美 favorite)a.喜爱的n.特别喜爱的人或物112. February n. 2月113. festival a. 节日的,喜庆的114. firm n. 公司; 企业 a. 坚固的,坚定的115. foggy a. 多雾的116. following a. 接着的;以下的117. forgetful a. 健忘的,不留心的118. former a. 以前的,从前的;（两者之中的）前者119. fortunate a. 幸运的; 侥幸的120. freezing a. 冻结的;极冷的121. frequent a. 经常的;频繁的122. fresh a. 新鲜的123. fridge =refrigerator n. 冰箱124. frighten vt. 使惊恐,吓唬126. gradually ad. 逐渐地127. graduate v. 毕业128. grateful a. 感激的,感谢的129. habit n. 习惯,习性130. hardworking a. 努力工作的131. helpful a. 有帮助的,有益的132. hobby n. 业余爱好,嗜好133. honest a. 诚实的,正直的134. imagine vt. 想像,设想135. immediately ad. 立即136. impossible a. 不可能的137. impression n. 印象,感觉138. improve vt. 改进,更新139. include vt. 包含,包括140. increase v. & n. 增加,繁殖141. independent a. 独立的; 有主见的142. information n. 信息143. intend vt. 想要,打算144. interest n. 兴趣,趣味;利息145. international a. 国际的146. internet n. 互联网,英特网147. interview n.& vt. 采访,会见,面试148. January n. 一月149. journey n. 旅行,路程150. junior a. 初级的;年少的151. justice n. 正义; 公正;司法152. kilometre n. 千米（公里）153. kindergarten n. 幼儿园154. kind-hearted a. 好心的155. kitchen n. 厨房156. knowledge n. 知识,学问157. ladder n. 梯子158. lame a. 跛的,瘸的 ,残废的159. lamp n. 灯,油灯;光源160. language n. 语言161. latest a. 最近的,最新的;最晚的162. latter n. （两者之中的）后者163. learned a. 有才华的; 博学的164. lecture n. 讲课,演讲165. license n. 执照,许可证166. litter v. 乱丢杂物167. lively a. 活泼的; 充满生气的168. local a. 当地的; 地方的169. lovely a. 美好的,可爱的170. luggage n. (总称)行李171. magazine n. 杂志172. majority n. 大多数173. manager n. 经理174. marriage n. 结婚,婚姻175. material n. 材料,原料176. meanwhile ad. 同时177. measure v. 量 n.措施178. medicine n. 药179. memory n. 回忆,记忆180. mention n. 提及;记载 vt. 提到,说起;提名表扬181. message n. 消息,音信182. method n. 方法,办法183. minority n. 少数;少数民族184. misunderstand (-stood) v. 误会;不理解185. model n 模型,原形;范例;模范186. modest a. 谦虚的;谦逊的187. neat a. 整洁的; 灵巧的188. necessary a. 必需的,必要的189. neighbour (美neighbor) n. 邻居,邻人190. nephew n. 侄子,外甥191. nervous a. 紧张不安的192. network n. 网络,网状系统193. niece n. 侄女,甥女194. november n. 11月195. nowadays ad. 当今,现在196. October n. 10月197. officer n. 军官;公务员,官员;警察,警官198. opinion n. 看法,见解199. opposite n. 相反,对面 a. 相反的,对面的200. ordinary a. 普通的,平常的219. practise (美practise) v. 练习,实践220. prepare vt. 准备, 预备; 调制,配制221. present a. 出现的,出席的n.礼物,赠品vt.呈奉,奉送222. president n.总统;主席223. pressure n. 压迫,压力,压强224. pretend vi. 假装,装作225. prevent vt. 防止, 预防226. primary school 小学227. professor n. 教授228. programme (美program) n.节目;项目229. progress n. 进步,上进 vi. 进展;进行230. promise n.& vi. 答应,允诺231. pronunciation n. 发音232. proper a. 恰当的,合适的233. protect vt. 保护234. proud a.自豪的;骄傲的235. prove vt. 证明236. provide vt. 提供237. province n. 省238. punctual a. 准时的239. purpose n. 目的,意图240. puzzled a. 迷惑的,困惑的241. quality n. 质量,性质242. quantity n. 量,数243. quiet a. 安静的;寂静的244. rapid a. 快的,迅速的245. realise (美realize) vt. 认识到,实现246. reasonable a. 合乎情理的247. receipt n. 收据248. reception n. 接待249. recognise (美recognize) vt. 认出250. recommend v. 推荐251. recover vi. 痊愈; 恢复252. reduce vt. 减少,缩减253. refusal n. 拒绝254. register n. 登记簿,花名册,注册员 v. 登记,注册255. relative n. 亲属,亲戚256. remind vt. 提醒,使记起257. represent vt. 代表258. respect vt.& n. 尊敬,尊重259. restaurant n. 饭馆, 饭店260. roundabout a. & n. 绕道的,不直接的;转盘路261. rubbish n. 垃圾;废物262. safety n. 安全,保险263. salary n. 薪金,薪水264. saying n. 说,俗话,谚语265. scholarship n. 奖学金266. scientific a. 科学的267. secretary n. 秘书;书记268. seldom ad. 很少,不常269. sentence n. 句子270. separate v. 使分开,使分离a. 单独的,分开的271. September n. 9月272. serious a. 严肃的,严重的;认真的273. several pron. 几个,数个 a. 若干274. shortcoming n. 缺点,短处275. shortly ad. 不久276. shoulder n. 肩膀;（道路的）路肩277. shower n. 阵雨; 淋浴278. sightseeing n. 游览,观光279. signal n. 信号,暗号280. signature n. 签名281. silent a. 无声的,无对话的282. similar a. 相似的,像283. sincerely ad. 真诚地284. skilled a. 熟练的; 有技能的285. sleepy a. 想睡的,困倦的,瞌睡的286. slight a. 轻微的,细小的287. smart a. 灵巧的,伶俐的;（人、服装等）时髦的,帅的288. social a. 社会的;社交的289. society n. 社会290. special a. 特别的,专门的291. standard n. & a. 标准（的）292. steal (stole, stolen) vt. 偷, 窃取293. straight a. 一直的,直的 ad. 一直地,直地294. stranger n. 陌生人,外人295. strength n. 力量,力气296. strengthen vt. 加强,增强297. succeed vi. 成功298. successful a. 成功的,有成就的299. suggestion n. 建议300. suitable a. 合适的,适宜的301. support vt.&n. 支持,赞助302. suppose vt. 猜想,假定,料想303. tear n. 眼泪 v. 扯破, 撕开304. technology n. 技术305. teenager n.（1319岁的）青少年,十几岁的少年306. temperature n. 温度307. tense a. 心烦意乱的,紧张的308. terrible a. 可怕的;糟糕的309. theatre (美theater) n. 剧场,戏院310. therefore ad. 因此,所以311. Thursday n. 星期四312. tiresome a. 令人厌倦的313. traffic lights n. 交通指挥灯,红绿灯314. training n. 培训315. transport n.& vt.运输316. troublesome a. 令人烦恼的; 讨厌的317. trust vt. 相信,信任,信赖318. truth n.真理,事实,真相,实际情况319. twelfth num. 第十二320. twentieth num. 第二十321. typist n. 打字员322. umbrella n. 雨伞323. unemployment n.失业,失业状态324. unfortunately ad. 不幸地325. uniform n. 制服326. university n. 大学327. unlike prep. 不像,和不同328. unusual a. 不平常的,异常的329. upset a. 心烦的,苦恼的330. vacation n. 假期,休假331. valuable a. 值钱的,贵重的332. various a. 各种各样的,不同的333. vegetable n. 蔬菜334. victory n. 胜利335. virus . n. 病毒336. visitor n. 访问者,参观者337. vocabulary n.词汇, 词汇表338. volleyball n. 排球339. voyage n. 航行,旅行340. waist n. 腰,腰部,腰围341. waitress n. 女服务员342. warm-hearted a. 热心的343. Wednesday n. 星期三344. willing a. 乐意的; 愿意的345. wisdom n. 智慧346. wonderful a. 美妙的,精彩的;了不起的;太好了347. worried a. 担心的,烦恼的348. wounded a. 受伤的349. youth n. 青春; 青年350. zebra crossing 人行横道线（斑马线）2013高考英语单词联想记忆一adventure ;n.& vt.冒险；词中词 ：venture 冒险；投机 risk; danger; adventurous adj.喜欢冒险的；充满危险的airplane;n. 飞机；联想： aircraft 飞行器;飞机; disappoint ;v. 失望；泄气；词中词appoint 指定；委派argue ;vi. 争论；争吵; 近义debate discuss;brave;adj.勇敢的； 近义bold ;fearlesscare about担心；关心care for 喜欢;castvt.& vi.投掷；投射；抛 (cast,cast) 联想;broadcast 广播compass;n.罗盘；指南针;词中词 pass 通过；经过deserted adj.荒芜的；荒废的；为人所弃的； 联想：desert 沙漠； dessert甜点；drop sb a line给某人写信（通常指写短信）e-pal；;n.网友；联想：pale苍白的; e-friend；error ；n.错误；差错；false adj. 错误的；fault n.错误false; incorrect不正确的feeling ；n. 触觉；知觉；感觉；情绪； 近义emotion ;feel；touch;Fond； adj.喜爱的；喜欢的; ( be) fond of喜欢；爱好Fry；;vt. & vi.油煎；油炸 frying-pan; pot; tryGun；;n.炮；枪;联想: run; fun;Hammer；n.锤子；槌；词中词ham 火腿;联想: gram; grammarHandsome；;adj.英俊的；美观的； 近义beautiful; pretty; smarthonest；adj.诚实的；正直的; 近义loyal; 反义dishonest;huntvt.& vi.& n.打猎；猎取；搜寻hunt for搜寻；追寻；寻找look/ search forin order to为了; 比较: so as to ,lie;n./v. 谎话；谎言；形近lie; pie; (lied；lied ); lay；lain躺;loyal ;adj.忠诚的；忠心的； 联想loyalty; ;n.忠诚 ；loyalist；忠臣；match; ;n.火柴;比赛 ; 形近march 前进mirror;n.镜子; 形近 ：error 错误; terror; 恐怖；movie;n.电影；film； move; 助记：我I在里边演动感move电影 movie；parachute; n.降落伞； ArA对称; 联想paragraph; separate; characterrope; n.绳；索 ； 形近; hope; telescope 望远镜; saw；;n.锯; seescared；;n.恐惧的；联想：scar; scarf 围巾;share；;n./v. 分享；共有；分配;共享；份额； 词中词 hare 野兔smart；;adj.聪明的；漂亮的；敏捷的; 词中词art; mart=market 市场solution；;n.解答；解决办法