人教版八年级英语下册重点.doc

八年级英语下重难点2015 Unit1too much water 太多的水too many apples太多的苹果much too big太大see a dentist看牙医take ones temperature量体温have a fever发烧all weekend整个周末without thinking twice没多想get off下车wait for等待thanks to多亏thanks for doing sth.因而感谢think about考虑get to到达arrive in跟大地点arrive at跟小地点get into trouble造成麻烦fall down摔倒puton sth.把放在某物上come in进来be interested in对感兴趣an interesting book一本有趣的书take risks/take a risk冒险because of因为cut off切除cut myself割伤自己make a decision/make decisions做决定give up doing sth.放弃做某事lie down躺下get an X-ray做个X光检查put some medicine on在上敷药play computer games玩电脑游戏take breaks/take a break休息go to a doctor=go to see a doctor看医生take sb. to the hospital送某人去医院to ones surprise使惊讶的be surprised at对感到惊讶in time及时on time按时have a heart problem患有心脏病right away=at once立刻，马上do the right thing做正确的事情play soccer踢足球a few books几本书few books几乎没有书a little water一点水little water几乎没有水get hit/sunburned被打击/晒伤be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事used to do sth.过去常常做某事use sth. to do sth.用某物去做某事lose ones life失去生命run out of用完get out of离开，从出来be in control of掌管，管理go mountain climbing去爬山need to do sth.需要去做某事see sb. doing sth.看见某人正在做某事see sb. do sth.看见某人做某事的全过程expect sb. to do sth.期望某人做某事agree to do sth.同意做某事help sb. to do sth.=help sb. with sth.帮某人做某事want to do sth.=would like to do sth.=feel like doing sth.想要做某事tell sb. to do sth.告诉某人做某事tell sb. not to do sth.告诉某人别去做某事have problems(in) doing sth.做某事有困难seem to do sth.好像做某事keep on doing sth.继续做某事mind doing sth.介意做某事enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事without doing sth.没有做某事finish doing sth.完成做某事have a cold患感冒have a stomachache胃痛have a sore back背痛have a headache头痛on the weekend=on weekends在周末lie on the side of the road躺在路边run it under water在水下冲洗put a bandage on it用绷带包扎它have a nosebleed鼻出血hit sb. on the head打某人的头hit sb.in the face打某人的脸his own life他自己的生命own a house拥有一座房子unit2clean up打扫干净cheer up振奋起来give out分发give away捐赠set up建立make a difference影响come up with想出put off推迟put up张贴call up打电话给help out帮助摆脱困难care for=look after=take care of照看，照顾try out for参加选拔come true实现take after与相像be similar to与相似fix up修理train sb.to do sth.训练某人做某事work in an old peoples home在一家养老院工作such a strong feeling of satisfaction如此强烈的满足感at the age of four在4岁时at the same time同时be different from与不同at least至少for example例如raise money筹集钱stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事stop doing sth.停止做某事（不做）volunteer to do sth.志愿做某事put off making a plan推迟定计划feel lonely感觉孤独a lonely village一个荒凉的村庄alone独自一人He lives alone, but he doesnt feel lonely.他独自居住，但不感觉孤独。write a letter to sb.=write to sb.给某人写信receive a letter from sb.=get a letter from sb.=hear from sb.收到的来信try to do sth.尽力去做某事try doing sth尝试去做某事try ones best to do sth.尽某人最大努力去做某事be free to do sth.有空做某事be satisfied to do sth.对做某事感到满意be satisfied with对感到满意make oneself understood让某人了解自己的意思a sick man一个病人He is sick/ill.他病了。a friend of mine=one of my friends我的一个朋友some difficulties一些困难He was excited when he heard the exciting news.当他听见这令人兴奋的消息时，他是兴奋的。make plans to do sth.制定计划做某事ask sb.to do sth.叫某人去做某事ask sb. not to do sth.叫某人别去做某事give up +时间+to do sth.放弃时间去做某事decide to do sth.决定做某事make it possible for sb. to do sth.使得做某事对某人来说是可能的have difficulty in doing sth.做某事有困难Unit3do the dishes洗餐具take out the rubbish倒垃圾go out出去stay out呆在外面help out with chores帮助做完家务at least至少throw down扔下all the time反复，一直in surprise惊讶地to ones surprise令某人惊讶的是be surprised at对感到惊讶as soon as一就spendon=spendin doing sth在花费（时间或金钱）in order to为了provide sth. for sb.向某人提供某物depend on依赖look after=take care of照看keep it clean and tidy保持它干净和整洁get into进入as a result结果finish doing sth.做完某事want sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事try to do sth.尽力做某事let sb. do sth.让某人做某事mind doing sth.介意做某事learn to do sth.学会做某事learn how to do sth.学会怎样做某事the more ,the better越多越好be angry with sb.生某人的气asas和一样not as/soas和不一样(中间加形容词或副词的原行)neithernor既不也不something interesting一些有趣的东西something to drink一些喝的东西hang out闲逛pass sb. sth.=pass sth. to sb.递给某人某物lend sb. sth.=lend sth. to sb.借给某人某物borrow sth. from sb.从某人那里借入某物fold your clothes叠衣服make your bed整理床铺get a ride搭车at least至少at most最多a waste of time浪费时间waste food浪费食物develop Childrens independence培养孩子的独立an independent country一个独立的国家invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人做某事your invitation你的邀请these days=nowadays现在It all depends.=That depends视情况而定Thank you for helping me.=Thank you for your help.谢谢你的帮助。neither.nor.表示既不也不。其含义是否定的，可连接任意两个并列的成份。例如： She likes neither butter nor cheese.（连接名词） 她既不喜欢黄油也不喜欢乳酪。She is neither clever nor hardworking. （连接形容词）她既不聪明， 又不勤奋。当neither.nor.连接两个主语时，也应遵循就近原则。例如： Neither he nor she is at home today. （连接代词）今天他和她都不在家。 若将neither.nor.句型变为肯定句，只需把neither.nor.改为both.and.即可，同时谓语动词必须用复数形式。few, a few, little, a little 虽然都表示“少”，但 （1）few, a few是可数的, little, a little是不可数的。 （2）a few, a little含肯定意味，few, little含否定意味。few修饰可数名词复数。a few books几本书 few books 几乎没有书a little water有一点水little water 几乎没有水Unit4too much修饰不可数名词too much water太多的水too many修饰可数名词复数too many books太多的书much too后加形容词或副词much too big实在太大hang out闲逛get into a fight with sb.和某人打架go to sleep去睡觉call sb. up给某人打电话be good at=do well in擅长于be good for对有好处be good to对和善be good with与相处的好talk about谈论talk with/to和谈话on the phone在电话中look through浏览give back归还be angry with sb.生某人的气a big deal重要的事情no problem没问题work out解决，算出get on with sb.与和睦相处feel lonely感到孤独live alone单独居住communicate with sb.与某人交流in future今后next time下次make friends with sb.和某人交朋友be worried about担心be afraid of dogs害怕狗be afraid to do sth.害怕做某事in front of在外部的前面in the front of在内部的前面compete with sb.与某人竞争so much/many如此多cut out删除a kind of一种two kinds of两种different kinds of不同种类的all kinds of各种各样的comparewith比较have lessons上课go shopping去购物agree with sb.同意某人的想法agree to do sth.同意去做某事in ones opinion依看something quiet一些安静的事turn down调低turn up调高turn on打开turn off关闭want to do sth.=would like to do sth.想要做某事tell sb. to do sth.告诉某人去做某事tell sb. not to do sth.告诉某人不要做某事ask sb. to do sth.叫某人去做某事ask sb. not to do sth.叫某人别去做某事keep on doing sth.继续做find sb. doing sth.发现某人正在做某事refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事not until直到才offer to do sth.主动提出做某事provide sth. for sb=provide sb. with sth.为某人提供某物offer sb. sth.=offer sth. to sb.向某人提供某物continue doing sth.继续做某事a successful writer一位成功的作家a big success一次伟大的成功succeed in doing sth做某事成功a typical American family一个典型的美国家庭notany more=no more不在not any longer=no longer不在 ts time for sth.=Its time to do sth.该做某事的时间了What do you think of the book?=How do you like the book?你觉得这本书怎么样？Why dont you go there?=Why not go there?为什么不去那里呢？Its +形容词to do sth.做某事是.的Its easy to play basketball.打篮球时容易的。compare.with.把和比较(常表示同类相比，比较) Lets compare this article with that one. 让我们把这篇文章和那篇文章作一下比较。compare.to.把比作(常表示异类相比，比喻) He compared the girl to the moon. 他把那姑娘比作月亮。Unit5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?一、重点短语 1. make sure 确信;确认2.be against doing sth.反对做.3. fall asleep 进人梦乡；睡着4. die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐消失5. wake up 醒来6. in a mess 一团糟7. break . . apart 使分离8. in times of difficulty 在困难的时候9. at the time of 当.时候10. go off (闹钟)发出响声11. take a hot shower 洗热水澡12. miss the bus 错过公交车13. pick up 接电话14. bring . together 使靠拢15. in the area 在这个地区16. miss the event 错过这个事件17. by the side of the road 在路边18. the Animal Helpline 动物保护热线19. walk by 走路经过20. make ones way to. . 在某人去的路上21. hear the news 听到这个消息22., important events in history 历史上的重大事件23., for example 例如24., be killed 被杀害25., over 50 5 0多(岁）26. tell the truth说实话27. on the radio 通过广播28., in silence 沉默;无声29.go away 离开30., the World Trade Center 世贸中心31., take down 拆除;摧毁32., have meaning to 对有意义33., remember doing sth. 记得做过某事34. , at first 首先;最初35. listen to the radio听收音机36. call out喊出37. look for寻找38. point out指出39. rain heavily雨下的很大40. black clouds乌云41. at first首先42. at that time在那时43. have fun doing sth.做事有乐趣44. enjoy doing喜欢做某事45. a friend of mine= one of my friends 我的一个朋友46. fall asleep入睡47. wait for等待48. die动词死亡He died in 2000. dead形容词,死了的，表状态a dead dog而death是名词死亡。His death made me very sad.49. Its 形容词for sb. to do sth. 对于某人来说，做某事是. 二，重点句型1. What were you doing at eight last night?昨晚8 点你在干什么？ I was taking a shower.我在洗淋浴。2. When it began to rain, Ben was helping his mommake dinner.当开始下雨的时候，本正在帮他妈妈做晚饭。3. What was Jenny doing while Linda was sleeping?琳达在睡觉的时候，珍妮正在干什么？ While Linda was sleeping, Jenny was helpingM a ry with her homework.琳达在睡觉的时候，珍妮正在帮玛丽做作业。Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains重点短语 1. work on doing sth. 致力于做某事2. as soon as . 一就.3. once upon a time 从前4. continue to do sth. 继续做某事5. make sth. happen 使某事发生6.try to do sth. 试图做某事7. the journey to sp. .之旅8. tell the/a story 讲故事9. put on 穿上10. a little bit 有点儿11. keep doing sth. 坚持做某事12. give up 放弃13. instead of doing代替做某事; 14. turn . . into 变成15. get married 结婚16. the main character 主要人物；主人公17. at other times 在另外一些时候18. be able to 能;会19. come out (书、电影等)出版20. become interested in. doing sth 对做感兴趣21. walk to the other side 走到另一边去22. a fairy tale 一个神话故事23. the rest of the story 故事的其余部分24. leave sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事25. make a plan to do sth. 筹划/计划做某事26. go to sleep 去睡觉27. lead sb. to sp. 把某人领到某地28. get lost 迷路29. change ones plan 改变计划30. tell sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事31. in the moonlight 在月光下32. find one s way home 找到某人回家的路33. the next day 第二天34. send sb. to sp. 派某人去某地35. have no time to do sth. 没有时间做某事36. a boy called Jim 一个叫吉姆的小男孩37. inside the house 在房子里面38. the whole family整个家庭39. sound stupid听起来愚蠢40. think of ways 想出方法41.fall in love with sb. 爱上某人42.make 72 changes做出72种变化43. a good way to solve his problem 解决他的问题的好办法44. be born出生于45. on the way to.46. on ones way to在去某地的路上47. different opinions不同的观点48. marry sb.to sb.父母把女儿嫁给某人或父母为儿子娶媳妇49. marry sb.嫁给某人或与某人结婚50. get married结婚51. get married to sb.与某人结婚52. cant help doing sth.忍不住做某事53. remind sb. Of/ about sth.使某人想起某事54. give up doing sth.放弃做某事55. Continue to do sth.继续做某事56. more than two weeks两周多57. less than two weeks不到两周58. instead of doing sth.代替做某事59. Show sb. Sth.= show sth. to sb.展示给某人某物60. be busy doing sth.忙于做某事61. a little silly/a bit silly/ a little bit silly有点蠢62. look feel smell taste sound是感官动词，后面需要跟形容词63. walk along the street 沿着大街走64. go across the street横穿大街65. go through the window 穿过窗户66. hear sb doing sth听见某人正在做某事67. hear sb. do sth. 听见某人做某事(全过程）68. plan to do sth.计划去做某事69. save ones life救某人的命70. be made of由.制成（能看出原材料）例如：The desk is made of wood.桌子是由木头制成的71. be made from由.制成（不能看出原材料）例如：Paper is made of wood.纸是由木头制成的。72. be made in在.制成的The car is made in China.这车是中国制造的。73. 感叹句通常有what, how引导，表示赞美、惊叹、喜 悦、等感情。 what修饰名词，how 修饰形容词，副词或动词，感叹句结构主要有以下几种： How+形容词或副词+ 主语+谓语 How beautiful the girl is!=What a beautiful girl she is!What bad weather it is!=How bad the weather is! What+a+形容词+名词+ 主语+谓语 What+ 形容词+复数名词+主语+谓语 What+ 形容词+不可数名词+ 主语+谓语 二、重点句型1. W hat do you th in k about/of. . ?So what do you think about the story of Yu Gong?你觉得愚公的故事怎么样？2. It doesn t seem adj . to do sth .I t doesn t seem very possible to move -a mountain.把一座山给移掉好像不太可能。3. This is because.This is because he can make 72 changes to hisshape and size, turning himself into different animalsand objects.这是因为他会根据他的形状和大小，做出72种变化，可以将自己变成不同的动物或东西。 so th a t+从句Sometimes he can make the stick so small that he can keep it in his ear.有时候，他能够让他的金箍棒变得很小，以至于可以放在耳朵里。5. It take sb. some time to do sth .Because they were so big that it took a long time to walk to the other side.这些（山）太高了，他们要花好长时间才能翻越过去。6 . not. . util十从句Don t eat it until you get to the forest.你们到达森林之后才能吃。 Unit7 What is the highest mountain in the world?1. as big as 与一样大2. one of the oldest countries 最古老的国家之一3. feel free to do sth. 随意地做某事4. as far as I know 据我所知5. man-made objects 人造物体6. part of. . 的组成部分7. the highest mountain 最高的山脉8. in the world 在世界上9. any other mountain 其他任何一座山10. of all the salt lakes 在所有的咸水湖中11. run along 跨越 12. freezing weather 冰冻的天气13. take in air 呼吸空气14. the first people to do sth. 第一个做某事的人15. in the face of difficulties 面临危险16. give up doing sth. 放弃做某事17. achieve one s dream 实现某人的梦想18. the forces of nature 自然界的力量19. reach the top 到达顶峰20. even though 虽然;尽管21. at birth 在出生的时候22. be awake 醒着23. run over with excitement 兴奋地跑过去24. walk into sb. 撞到某人25. fall over 摔倒26. take care of 照顾;照料27. every two years 每两年28. cut down the forests 砍伐林木29. endangered animals 濒危动物30. fewer and fewer pandas 大熊猫越来越少31. be in danger 处于危险之中32. the importance of saving these animals拯救这些动物的重要性33.succeed in doing sth. 做某事成功34. protect.from/against. 保护.使不受.35. risk ones life冒生命危险36. at risk在危险中37. take the risk of doing sth. 冒险做某事38. one of the books 这些书中的一本one of后加名 词复数39. die from.死于外因， 如衰弱劳累40. die of因病而死41. because of illness因为疾病42.Population用法population是一个集合名词（无复数形式)，population常与定冠词the连用,作主语用时,谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式。例如: The worlds population is increasing faster and faster. 全世界的人口增长得越来越快。1、 当主语是表示人口的百分之几、几分之几时,谓语动词用复数形式。例如: About seventy percent of the population in China are farmers. 中国大约有百分之七十的人口是农民。2、 有时population可用作可数名词,其前可用不定冠词。例如: China has a population of about 1.3 billion. (=There is a population of about 1.3 billion in China.) 中国大约有十三亿人口。 New York is a big city with a population of over 10 million. 纽约是一个有一千多万人口的大城市。 3、 表示人口的多或少,不用much或little,而要用large或small。例如: India has a large population. 印度人口众多。 Singapore has a small population. 新加坡人口少。 4、 询问某国、某地有多少人口时,不用How much.?,而用How large.?;在问具体人口时用What.?例如: -How large is the population of your hometown? 你们家乡有多少人口? -The population of our hometown is nearly twice as large as that of yours. 我们家乡的人口是你们家乡人口的将近两倍。 -What is the population of Canada? 加拿大的人口有多少? -The population of Canada is about 29 million. 加拿大的人口大约有二千九百万。 二重点句型1. It is -adj. + (for sb. ) to do sth.It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top.当你接近山顶时，连呼吸都会困难。2. . . . is because.One of the main reasons is because people want tochallenge themselves in the face of difficulties.其中的一个主要的原因是人们想要在面临困难时挑战自己。3. . . . show(s) that.The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams.这些登山者的精神向我们证明：我们永远都不应该放弃实现自己的梦想。4. How high/ deep/. . . is . ?How high is Qomolangma?珠穆朗玛峰有多高？5. Although. “ ，Although Japan is older than Canada，it is much smaller.虽然日本比加拿大有更悠久的历史，但是日本比加拿大小多了。6. sb. spend time/money doing sth.Adult pandas spend more than 12 hours a day eatingabout 10 kilos of bamboo.成年大熊猫一天要花1 2 个多小时的时间吃大约20公斤竹子。Unit 8 Have you read Treasure Island yet？1. on page 25 在第2 5 页2. the back of the book 书的背面3. hurry up 赶快;匆忙4. in two weeks 在两周之内5. go out to sea 出海6. an island full of treasures 一个满是宝藏的岛屿7. write about 写作关于的内容8. finish doing sth. 做完某事9. wait for another ship 等待另一艘船到来10. learn to do sth. 学会做某事11. grow fruits and vegetables 种水果和蔬菜12. a few weeks ago 几个星期前13. the marks of another man s feet 另一个人的脚印14. not long after that 不久之后15. run towards sp. 跑向某地16. use. to do sth. 用来做某事17. signs left behind by someone 某人留下的标记18. read the newspaper 看报19. science fiction 科幻小说20. can t wait to do sth. 迫不及待地做某事21. a good way to wake up 醒来的一个好办法22. number of people 人数23. used to do sth. (过去)常常做某事24. study abroad 在国外学习25. make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事26. come to realize 开始意识到27. ever since then 自从那时起28. the southern states of America美国的南部地区29. belong to 属于30. be kind to each other 善待彼此31. trust one another 互相信任32. the beauty of nature 大自然的美33. have been to sp. 去过某地34. do some research on sth. 对做研究35. hope to do sth. 希望做某事36. see sb. do sth. 看到某人做某事37. the first line in the song歌曲的第一行38. enjoy success in享受的成功39. at the end of the day傍晚的时候40. fight over =fight about为争吵，fight against/with sb.与.打架41.come to realize 逐渐意识到42. on the radio通过收音机43. leave behind遗忘 留下44.the marks of 的印痕45.go to the movies= see the film 看电影46. a broken ship一艘坏船47. the importance of money 钱的重要性48. have time to do sth. 有时间做某事49. succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事50. a successful man一个成功的人51. do sth. Successfully 成功地做某事52. sth to drink一些喝的东西53. be full of=be filled with充满54. put away收起来放好55. put off doing sth.推迟做某事56. put up张贴57. put out熄灭58. put on穿上59. put ones heart into. 用心去做.60. cut down砍倒61. Cant help doing sth .情不自禁做某事62. cant stand doing sth. 不能忍受做某事63. on the radio通过收音机64. introduce sb. to sb. 把某人介绍给某人65. a hundred一百two hundred两百hundreds of成百上千66. a kind of 一种67. two kinds of两种68. all kinds of各种各样的69. different kinds of 不同种类的70. the number of.的数量The number of the students in our class is 50.我们班学生数量是50.71. a number of许多A number of students are playing football.许多学生在踢足球。65.1. Have you. yet? Have you read Little Women yet?你读过小妇人吗？ Yes，I have. /N o , I haven t.是的，我读过。/ 不，我没有。2. Has. yet? Has T in a read Treasure Island yet?蒂娜读过金银岛这本书吗？ Yes, she has. She thinks i t s fantastic.是的，她读过。她觉得它很棒。3. Would you like . ?Would you like something to drink?你要来点喝的吗？4. I heard.I heard you lost your key.我听说你丢钥匙了。5. . . . came to realize how much.She came to realize how much she actually missed all of them.她开始意识到，事实上她是多么想念他们所有的人。Unit9 Have you ever been to a museum?1. at night在夜晚2. in a more natural environment在一个更加自然的环境中3. all year round一年到头;终年4. be far from 离远5. in the dark 在黑暗中6. in the past 在过去7. have been to sp. 去过某地8. science museum 科学博物馆9. history museum 历史博物馆10. amusement park 游乐园11. go somewhere different 去不同的地方12. go skating 去滑冰13. take the subway 坐地铁14. a great way to spend a Saturday afternoon一个过周六下午的好方法15. all the old movie cameras所有的古老的电影摄影机 16. learn about sth.解有关。的情况17. on the weekend 在周末18. camp in the mountains 在大山里露营 19. put up a tent搭帐篷20. in such a rapid way 以如此迅猛的方式 21. different kinds of各种各样的 22. development of toilets 厕所的发展 23. social groups 社会团体 24. the tea art performances茶艺表演 25. make a perfect cup of tea with beautiful tea sets用漂亮的茶具沏一杯完美的茶26. a nice place to enjoy tea 一个品茶的好地方27. thousands of 数以千计的28. International Museum of Toilets国际厕所博物馆29. the Terracotta Army 兵马俑30. Southeast Asia东南亚31. Night Safari 夜间动物园32. three quarters 四分之三33. an English-speaking country一个讲英语的国家34. have problem doing sth. 做某事很困难35. during the daytime在白天36. a couple of times 好几次37. right now 现在；目前38. an amusement park with a special theme一个有特别的主题的游乐园39. walk around the park 在公园里到处走40. hear of 听说41. take a ride兜风42. another province另一个省 43. the Birds Nest鸟巢44. encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事45. on the one hand. on the other hand. 一方面，另一方面46. Its unbelievable that 很难相信47. choose to do sth. 选择做某事48. the best time to do sth做某事的最好时间49. close to靠近50. on the other hand另一方面51. even better甚至更好52. in the f