八年级下册教材全梳理(Unit.doc

【英语】八年级下册教材全梳理（Unit9 Have you ever been to an amusement park）知识巧学生词巧解 【词析】 音析：字母组合ei读或,th读,er读。形析：形近词either(两者中的每一方的)义析：not one or the other;not either【典句】 I know neither of them.我不认识他们两个人。【拓展】 neither可用作形容词、代词、副词和连词等,其用法为:1)用作形容词。起定语作用,常放在单数名词前。例如:Neither answer is wrong.两个答案都不对。2)用作代词。范围多限于两者之间,常用作主语。作主语时后面跟单数动词。例如:Neither of them is good at maths.他们两个没有一个擅长数学。3)用作副词。neither通常用在句子的开头,表示“也不”,其后多用倒装语序。例如:If he wont go,neither shall I.如果他不去我也不去。4）用作连词。构成短语neither.nor.,意为“既不也不”,常连接两个并列成分。例如： Neither the teachers nor the students are going to Huashan.老师和同学们都不打算去华山。have a great time玩的愉快【词析】 形析：have(有)+a great time(愉快的时光)义析：have fun【典句】 We had a great time in the party yesterday.我们昨天在晚会上玩的很愉快。【拓展】 同义词组:have a good/wonderful/nice time,enjoy oneself,play happily,have fun。 【词析】 音析：两个字母a分别发和,字母组合tion发音。形析：attract(吸引)+-ion(名词后缀)义析：a person,place,thing,or event that is intended to attract【典句】 The new idea has little attraction to him.这个新想法对他没有多大吸引力。【拓展】 attract vt.吸引;招引例如:She was attracted by the novel advertisement.她被这新颖的广告吸引住了。take a ride兜风【词析】 形析：take(乘)+a(一个)+ride(骑)义析：amaze【典句】 He often takes a ride when he is free.当他有空时,他经常去兜风。【辨析】take,on和by1)take vt.当“乘”讲,强调动作,作谓语。例如:We will take a taxi there.我们将乘出租车去那儿。2)on prep.“骑,乘”。表示状态,作表语、状语等;常见短语:on the bike骑自行车,on the bus乘公共汽车。3)by prep.“骑,乘”。后接交通工具,不加冠词,表示方式,作状语。例如:I go to school by bike every day.我每天骑自行车去上学。【词析】 音析：字母组合ou读作，词尾的e不发音。义析：a road or way for travel from one place to another【典句】 We came by a longer route than usual.我们走了一条比通常要长的路来的。【辨析】 route和course二者的含义都与“路”有关。区别是route意为“路线、小路、小巷”,使用范围也较小。course表示船的“航道”或飞机的“航线”。end up结束【词析】 形析：end(结束)+up(尽了)义析：finish【典句】 The party ended up at 12:00 last night.晚会于昨晚12点结束。【拓展】 类似的短语:eat up吃光use up用光burn up烧掉,烧毁cut up 把切成小块,切碎 【词析】 音析：字母组合cial读作。形析：especial(特别的)+-ly(副词后缀)义析：to an extent or degree;particularly【典句】I love Italy,especially in summer.我喜欢意大利,尤其是在夏天。【辨析】 especially与specially1)especially意为“特别;尤其”,强调个别超过其他部分,它后面所提到的东西必须是前面叙述的事物的一部分。它前面一般用逗号分开,常用来修饰形容词、介词短语或状语从句。例如:I love the country,especially in spring.我喜欢乡下,尤其是在春天。Cooking is a great burden to me,especially when we have guests.做饭对我来说是个负担,尤其是有客人的时候。2)specially意为“特别地;专门地”,指为一特别的目的而专门做的,强调目的,一般用在表示目的的不定式或介词for短语前。例如:These books are specially written for children.这些书是专门为孩子们写的。I made this specially for your birthday.这是我特意为你的生日做的。 【词析】 音析：前缀dis发音,o发,重音落在原词根的重读音节上。形析：dis-(不)+cover(覆盖)义析：to be the first to find or observe【典句】 Columbus discovered America in 1492.哥伦布于1492年发现了美洲。【拓展】 表示否定的前缀dis-,im-,un-。例如:like(喜欢)dislike(不喜欢)agree(同意)disagree(不同意)possible(可能的)impossible(不可能的)polite(礼貌)impolite(不礼貌)lucky(幸运的)unlucky(不幸运的)happy(高兴的)unhappy(不高兴的) 【词析】 音析：o发，字母组合gn在词尾发音n,重音在第一个音节。形析：形近词reign(统治)义析：not native【典句】 He can speak three foreign languages.他会说三门外国语。【拓展】 foreigner意为“外国人”。【词析】 音析：闭音节词,字母i发I音。形析：形近词fill (充满)义析：a movie【典句】 Have you seen any good films lately?最近你看过什么好电影吗? 【词析】 形析：south(南)+east(东)义析：形近词southern(南方的)【典句】 Shenzhen is in the southeast of China.深圳在中国的东南部。【拓展】 类似的方位名词:southwest西南,northeast东北,northwest西北。【词析】 音析：o读,字母组合er读。形析：wonder(v. 对感到惊讶)+-ful(形容词后缀)义析：astonishing;excellent 【典句】 This is a wonderful place for a picnic.这里是野餐的好地方。【拓展】 常见的带有-ful的形容词:helphelpful有帮助的useuseful有用的carecareful仔细的successsuccessful成功的take a holiday 休假;度假【词析】 形析：take(拿)+a(一个)+holiday(假)义析：spend holiday 【典句】 We took a holiday in Guilin last summer.去年夏天我们在桂林度假。【拓展】 take构成的常见短语:take a picture/photo照张相take away拿走take a bus乘公共汽车take a walk散步take a boat乘船take care of照顾take off脱下take turns轮流take a rest休息take medicine吃药 【词析】 音析：字母o,u,a分别读作,ju和e,tion读作。义析：all of the people inhabiting a specified area【典句】 What is the population of this city?这个城市的人口是多少？【拓展】 1)population是不可数名词,意为“人口,人数”,询问时用what。如:Whats the population of the city?这城市有多少人?2)修饰限制population要用big(large),small,不能用many/much。如:The worlds population is too big(large)now. 现在世界人口太多了。 【词析】 音析：字母组合ar读作(r)。形析：形近词duck(鸭子)【典句】 Some small children are afraid of the dark.有些小孩怕黑。【拓展】 dark 还作形容词,意为“黑暗的,深色的”。反义词:light“浅的;淡的”。例如:Its too dark for you to read.光线太暗,不适合你读书。all year round一年到头;终年【词析】 形析：all(全)+year(年)+round(大概的)【典句】 The weather is so good here that we can swim all year round.天气如此之好,以至于我们全年都能游泳。 【词析】 音析：开音节词,首字母a发,第二个字母a发本音e。形析：a-（形容词前缀）+wake（醒来）义析：be not asleep【典句】Is the baby still awake?这个婴儿还醒着的吗？【拓展】 wake为动词,其常见短语有:wake up意为“唤醒,醒来”,注意宾语是代词常放在中间。例如:Please dont wake me up.请不要把我叫醒。例句精讲Section A1.Me neither.我也没去过。【巧解句构】 Me neither.表示说话者的情况与上述否定句中所述的内容一样,是省略句型,常用于口语。用于正式场合本句应是Neither/Nor have I。例如:I dont smoke.我不会吸烟。Me neither.我也不。【拓展延伸】 表示说话者的情况与上述肯定句中所述的内容一样,常用省略句型Me too.。例如:I like eating bananas.我喜欢吃香蕉。Me too.我也是。2.Tina went to the space museum last year.蒂娜去年去了太空博物馆。【巧解句构】 这句话使用了一般过去时，用于表示过去某时发生的动作。last year是一般过去时常用的时间状语。【拓展延伸】 与一般过去时连用的时间状语常见的还有:yesterday,the day before yesterday,a moment ago,just now,in May,in 2000,last night(week,month)等。3.Most of us have probably heard of Mickey Mouse,Donald Duck,and many other famous Disney characters.也许我们大多数人都听说过米老鼠、唐老鸭,及其他的一些迪斯尼角色。【巧解句构】 这是一个现在完成时的句子。句中的heard是动词hear的过去分词。【辨析比较】 1)hear,hear of和hear fromhear动词,有“听见(强调结果)”和“听说(后可跟从句)”之意。例如:I listened but could hear nothing.我听了,却什么也没听到。We heard that he was ill.我们听说他病了。hear of “听说,听到”,后跟名词或代词。例如:She has never heard of the place.她从来没听说过那个地方。hear from“收到来信”。注意:hear后不跟a letter等词,其本身就有“收到来信”之意。2)(the)other,another与(the)others这些都可表示“另外的、别的”,但其意义及用法有所不同。another 多指三个或三个以上的人或事物同类中的另一个,常和单数名词连用。例如:This pen is broken,please get me another one.这枝钢笔坏了,请再给我拿一枝。other后面既可接单数名词,也可接复数名词,接单数名词时,前面必须加上定冠词the,通常用于侧重于两者中的另一个。“one.,the other.”句型表示“一个另一个”。other作定语时和形容词用法相同。例如:He has two brothers.One is six,and the other is eight.他有两个弟弟。一个6岁,一个8岁。The movie theater lies on the other side of the street.电影院在街道对面。others只能作代词,不能作定语,指不定的“其他的人或物”,且这里的人或物都应是复数。例如:She wants to know what others think of her.她他想要知道别人是怎么看她的。注意:others 和some对比使用时,表示剩余中的一部分,意为“有些”。例如:Some is carrying water,others is planting trees.有的在抬水,有的在种树。the others 是指“(在一个范围内的)剩余的全部”,意为“其余的”。例如:These are yours,the others are all mine.这些是你的,其余的都是我的。4.It has all the normal attractions that you can find at an amusement park,but it also has a theme.它里面拥有所有普通的游乐园里你能见到的吸引人的东西,但同时它也有一个主题。【巧解句构】 这是一个由but连接的并列句。前一个分句是一句包含定语从句的主从复合句。it 指代Disneyland,主句It has all the normal attractions指“它拥有所有的那些吸引人的东西”,后面跟由that引导的定语从句,修饰attractions,指这些“吸引人的东西”是“所有的游乐园里能看到的”。后一个分句是由but连接,表明迪斯尼与其他游乐场的不同之处就在于它有一个“主题”。5.This means that you can find Disney characters all over the roller coaster.这意味着在过山车里你到处都可以看到迪斯尼的人物。【巧解句构】 这句话是在进一步解释上句话For example.with Disney characters.This就是指代上一句。动词means“意思是”的宾语从句由that引导。6.And you can see Disney characters walking around Disneyland all the time!你也能看到迪斯尼的人物总是在迪斯尼乐园里到处走动。【巧解句构】walking around Disneyland.是一个动词ing短语作宾语补足语。此句的结构是see sb.doing sth.“看见某人正在做某事”。【拓展延伸】 动词see还有一个常见用法,即see sb.do sth.“看见某人做过某事”。例如:I saw him pass by the shop.昨天我看到他从那家商店经过。Section B1.Its fun to learn another language.学另一种语言很有趣。【巧解句构】 该句结构为“It is+名词+to do sth.”,其中it为形式主语,代替后面真正的主语(动词不定式短语),以避免因主语过长而引起的头重脚轻。【拓展延伸】 动词不定式作主语情况种种:1)如果动词不定式较短,常将不定式直接放在主语的位置上。例如:To read is to study.读书是学习。To see is to believe.眼见为实。2)如果作主语的不定式较长,为了平衡句子结构,习惯上人们通常采用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语动词不定式放在句尾。这种以it代替不定式作形式主语的常见句型有以下四种:It takes sb.some time to do sth.“做某事花去了某人多少时间”;It costs sb.some money to do sth.“做某事花去了某人多少钱”。例如:It took me two hours to mend the bike.修这辆自行车花了我两个小时。It will take you $150 to fly to New York.飞往纽约会花费你150美元。It be+adj./n. to do sth.例如:Its important to do what the doctor tells you.按照医生告诉你的去做是重要的。Its not easy to work out the problem in half an hour.在半小时内做出这道题是不容易的。Its a great pleasure to talk with him.和他谈话是一件非常高兴的事。It be+adj.+for sb.to do sth.这一句型中的形容词是表示客观情况的easy,hard,difficult,cheap,expensive,dangerous,important,impossible,interesting,useful,necessary等。例如:Its hard for me to carry the heavy box.我搬动这个重箱子很困难。Its necessary for you to buy a new computer.你有必要买一台新电脑。It be+adj.+of sb.to do sth.这一句型中的形容词往往是表示人的特征、状态、性格的foolish,silly,clever,wise,kind,lazy,nice,polite,impolite,careful,careless,honest,brave,proud等。例如:Its very kind of you to help me with my English.你帮我学英语真是太好了。Its very clever of her to go there in the morning.她在早晨去那儿真是太聪明了。2.When I was a young girl,all I ever wanted to do was traveling,and I decided that the best way to do this was to become a flight attendant.当我还是一个小女孩的时候,我想做的所有事情就是旅游,而且我觉得外出旅游的最好的方法就是成为空中乘务员。【巧解句构】 该句是包含时间状语从句的主从复合句。时间状语从句When I was a young girl,表明这是我从小的梦想。主句all.,and I.a flight attendant是一个由and连接的并列句。前一个分句是“主系表”结构,在主语all I ever wanted to do中,I ever wanted to do作all的定语,意为“我想做的所有事情”。后一个分句中,decided后跟一个宾语从句the best way.a flight attendant,意为“做这件事的最好方法就是成为空中乘务员”。这个宾语从句也是个“主系表”结构,注意主语the best way to do this中to do this作way的定语,意为“做这件事的最好方法”。3.Ive been a fight attendant for two years now.我已做了两年的机组乘务员了。【巧解句构】 这也是一个现在完成时的句子。for+一段时间表示句中动作从过去已经开始,一直持续到现在。【拓展延伸】 for+一段时间或since+时间点的词组或句子,都可表示动作或状态持续多长时间,对他们提问应用how long“多长时间”。4.I discovered that the most important requirement was to speak English well,so I studied English at the Hilltop Language School for five years before I became a flight attendant.我发现最重要的要求是说好英语,所以我在成为乘务员之前在山顶语言学校学了五年英语。【巧解句构】 该句是包含一个so引导的结果状语从句的主从复合句。主语中discovered后跟一个宾语从句,表示“发现”的内容。结果状语从句中包含一个时间状语从句before I became a flight attendant,说明“我在山顶学校学了五年英语”这件事发生在“我成为空姐之前”。5.It was because I could speak English that I got the job.正是因为我能说英语,我才获得了这份工作。【巧解句构】 “It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他部分”是一个强调句型,被强调部分为原因状语。如果不用强调句型,本句应为Because I could speak English that I got the job.【拓展延伸】 该句型可用来强调主语、宾语、状语等,而不用于强调谓语。句中that不能被其他关系词代替。例如:It was you that I thought of all the time.我时时刻刻想着的都是你。It was on Monday night that all this happened.所有的这一切发生在星期一晚上。6.Maybe when I leave school Ill think about becoming an English teacher rather than a tour guide!或许当我毕业时我会更愿意当一名英语教师而不是当一名导游。【巧解句构】 rather than在这里表示“而不”,用于连接两个并列结构。其后可接动词原形、不定式或动名词等形式。因为becoming已经在上文出现过,为避免重复,这里将rather than后的becoming省去。【要点剖析】 1)maybe意为“或许,大概”,同义词为perhaps,常放于句首。2)leave school意为“毕业”。【辨析比较】 think about,think of和think over1)think about意为“考虑,想起”,后接名词、代词宾格、动名词或有疑问词引导的不定式或宾语从句结构。例如:I am thinking about what I should do.我正在考虑该做些什么。2)think of意为“考虑,记起,想起”,表示“考虑”时相当于think about,表示“记起,想起”时相当于remember,暗含不涉及具体内容。例如:Im thinking of buying a doll for my daughter.我正考虑为女儿买个洋娃娃。I couldnt think of her name at the moment when I saw her in the street.当我在街上遇到她时,我一时想不起她的名字。3)think over意为“(仔细、反复)地思考,考虑”。例如:You must think over the problem to see who can work it out first.你们必须思考这道题,看谁第一个解答出来。Have you ever been to Singapore?1. .you wont have any problem finding rice,noodles,or dumplings.你可以毫不费力地找到米饭、面条和饺子。【要点剖析】 have problem (in)doing意为“在做某事方面有一些困难”。例如:You have little problem finding where they are.你们要找到他们在哪儿没多大困难。She has no problem (in)learning English.她学英语没有困难。2.Whether you like Indian food,Western food,or Japanese food,youll find it all in Singapore if you look!不管你是喜欢印度食品、西方食品,还是日本食品,如果你看的话,在新加坡你都会找到它们。【巧解句构】 该句是包含条件状语从句的主从复合句。主句youll find it all in Singapore if you look“如果你看的话,在新加坡你都会找到它们”,其中又包含着一个条件状语从句if you look。条件状语从句由whether引导,意为“无论”。whether.or.意为“不管还是;无论;不是就是”,例如:Whether he drives or takes the train,he will be here on time.不管他开车来还是乘火车来,他总会按时到达的。Whether it will be fine or not,I must go.不论天气晴雨,我必须去。3.But if youve ever been to a zoo during the daytime,you might understand why this zoo is so special.但是如果白天你去过动物园,你可能会明白这个动物园为什么如此特别。【巧解句构】 该句是包含条件状语从句的主从复合句。主句you might understand.“你就会明白”后包含一个宾语从句why this zoo is so special,意为“为什么这个动物园如此特别”。条件状语从句由if引导,意为“如果白天你曾去过动物园”,其中during the daytime是时间状语。4.One great thing about Singapore is that the temperature is almost the same all year round.有关新加坡的一件重要的事情是那儿全年的温度几乎是相同的。【巧解句构】 该句是包含表语从句的主从复合句。主语One great thing about Singapore中about Singapore是定语,修饰thing。表语从句.that temperature is almost the same all year round也是个“主系表”结构的句子,意为“温度几乎全年相同”。语法解读走进现在完成时1.现在完成时的定义现在完成时通常是指过去某一动作对现在的影响或过去某一动作持续到现在(可能要继续下去)。2.现在完成时的构成现在完成时是由“助动词have/has+过去分词”构成的。3.现在完成时的基本句型肯定式疑问式否定式I have worked.Have I worked?I have not worked.I havent worked.He/She/It has worked.Has he/she/it worked?He/She/It has not worked.He/She/It hasnt worked.We have worked.Have we worked?We have not worked.We havent worked.You have worked.Have you worked?You have not worked.You havent worked.They have worked.Have they worked?They have not worked.They havent worked.4.现在完成时的基本用法 1)现在完成时可表示过去发生的动作对现在所产生的影响,后面通常不用时间状语,但句中常出现already,just,yet等副词。例如:Someone has broken the window.有人把窗户打破了。Ive just finished reading the novel.我刚刚读完这本小说。Have you seen the doctor yet?你看过医生了吗？注意:already和yet用法上的区别:already常用于肯定句,置于句中。yet常用于否定句和疑问句,常用于句末。例如:Its only 11 oclock and they have already had lunch.现在才11点,他们已经吃过午饭了。John hasnt finished that report yet but I asked him for it three days ago.约翰还没有写完报告,但我三天前就要他交了。2)现在完成时也可表示从过去某时开始的动作,状态一直持续到现在,常和for,since引导的时间状语连用。例如:I have learned English for 5 years.我已经学了5年英语了。He lived in Beijing since he was born.他从刚出生就住在北京。注意:for和since引导的时间状语的区别:for+一段时间,since+一点时间(从句中常用一般过去时)。表示继续的现在完成时也可和lately,recently,so far,up to now,till now,in the past(last)few years.,this week (month,year.),all day,all this week等时间状语连用。例如:I havent heard from him recently.最近我没有收到他的来信。Tom has had a toothache all day.汤姆整天都牙疼。现在完成时也可表示从过去到现在曾经经历过或做过的事情,常和often,ever,never,before,once,.times等时间状语连用。例如:Ive never been to Beijing.我从没去过北京。He has read this book before.他以前读过这本书。听说速递Talking about past experiences谈论过去的经历当我们谈论过去的经历的时候,往往会用到现在完成时。要了解对方或别人是否曾经做过某事,经常会用Have you (ever).?或Has she/he(ever).?句型。这时听者往往采用Yes,I/we have./No,I/we havent.或Yes,she/he has./No,she/he hasnt.来应答。1.Have you.?Yes,I/we have./No,I/we havent.1)Have you ever seen a dolphin?你（们）见过海豚吗？Yes,I/we have./No,I/we havent.是的,我（们）见过。/不,我（们）没有见过。2)Have you ever to Chongqing?你（们）去过重庆吗？Yes,I/we have./No,I/we havent.是的,我（们）去过。/不,我（们）没去过。2.Has she/he.?Yes,she/he has./No,she/he hasnt.1)Has she worked in the factory?她曾经在那家工厂工作过吗？Yes,she has./No,she hasnt.是的,工作过。/不,没工作过。2)Has Tom gone out?汤姆出去了吗？Yes,he has./No,he hasnt.是的,出去了。/不,没有。如果想要进一步了解对方或他人已持续某种动作或状态“多长时间”时,经常用How long have you/has she/he.?提问,并用一段时间作答。3.How long have/has you/she/he.?1)How long have you been in America?你在美国待了多长时间？Two years.两年。2)How long have he had the bike?他买这辆自行车多长时间了？A month.一个月。读写指导说明文高分要诀【点石成金】 说明文的出题形式为文字提示或图表,文体有报道、投稿、书信等。写作步骤如下:第一步:审题,确定主题句、主体时态(一般以现在时态为主)和中心人称;第二步:在主题句后按提示顺序将各要点以完整的句子表达出来;第三步:用过渡词将上下文的逻辑关系体现出来。【任务导入】某英语报社举行“我爱我家”征文大赛,请你以I love my hometownWeifang为题,根据下面列举的本单元的重点词汇和常用句型,展开合理的想象,写一篇80词左右的短文参赛。【常用词汇】population,season,spring,autumn,attraction,especially,foreign,environment【常用句型】1.Have you ever been to.?2.It has a population of.3.You will have a great time if.【参考答案】I love my hometownWeifangHave you ever been to Weifang?It is in the middle of Shandong Province.It has a population of 8 500 000.People here enjoy four seasons:warm spring,hot summer,cool autumn and cold winter.Weifang has many attractions,especially Weifang International Kite Festival,Yangjiabus New Year paintings.Every year a lot of foreign visitors come here.The environment of Weifang is very beautiful,too.You will have a great time if you come to Weifang.I love my hometown.Welcome to Weifang.典题热题例1 (2010四川成都模拟)I havent been to the aquarium before.How about you,Tom?Me _.A.tooB.eitherC.neither思路解析: 在口语中,表示说话者的情况与上述否定句中所述的内容一样,常用省略句型Me neither.。表示说话者的情况与上述肯定句中所述的内容一样,常用省略句型Me too.答案:C误区警示 本题误区就是看同学们能否正确区别口语的Me too.和Me neither.。深化升华 要解对此类试题,必须认真积累较口语化的交际用语,因为汉语与英语习惯有太多的不同。例2 (2010浙江杭州模拟) Do you enjoy your staying in Hangzhou? Yes.Ive had _ wonderful time.A./B.aC.theD.an思路解析: wonderful的首字母发辅音/w/,不能用an。have a wonderful time意为“玩得高兴”,是固定短语。答案:B深化升华 只要记准固定短语,知道辅音前用an;元音前用a,便很容易做对此类试题。例3 (2010重庆模拟)I _ to Canada twice.Its so beautiful.A.wont go B.have goneC.dont goD.have been思路解析: 从第一句中的twice可以判断,这句话意为“我去过加拿大两次”。用现在完成时,表达“去过某地”应用have been to。答案:D误区警示 本题的误区为:一是能否根据标志词判断时态；二是能否正确区分have been to和have gone to。深化升华 只要认真记清各种时态的标志词,便可判断好时态。分清现在完成时中的“去过某地”用have been to,“去了某地”用have gone to。例4 (2010重庆模拟)I have two boxes.One is big,_ is small.A.anotherB.othersC.otherD.the other思路解析: 前提是两者,说明“一个另一个”用固定句型one.,the other.。答案:D误区警示 如果同学们不能正确运用another,(the)others,(the)other就很可能误选。深化升华 对这些不但形近而且义近的词,只要认真对照着记忆它们之间的不同之处,应该不难区分。例5 (2010浙江衢州模拟)Have you ever _ Jin Yong?Of course,a very famous writer,and he once studied in Quzhou.A.heardB.hearingC.heard ofD.heard from思路解析: hear of意为“听说”,hear意为“听到”，hear from意为“收到的来信”,根据句意可找到正确答案。答案:C误区警示 此题误区就是看同学们能否正确区分选项A,C,D意义的不同。例6 阅读理解Dear Mary,Ive been in England for two months now.I hope you dont think I have forgotten you.There have been so many places to see and so many things to do that Ive not had much time got writing letters.I will soon be starting my studies at Kings College.So far Ive been learning about England and British ways of living.I will tell you about London.There are lots of books you can read and lots of pictures you can look at.I am sure youll be more interested to know what I think about the life here.I find some of the customs(风俗)new and interesting.People here dont shake hands as much as we do in Europe.During the first few weeks I was often surprised because people didnt put out their hands when I met them.Men raise their hats to women but not to each other.Yours,Gina1.The writer came London from _.A.AsiaB.EuropeC.AfricaD.America2.The writer _.A.will come to England in two monthsB.came to England just nowC.came to England two months agoD.has never been to England3.She has _.A.not written any lettersB.no time to write lettersC.a little time to write lettersD.much time to write letters4.She came to England to _.A.make a livingB.studyC.learn about life thereD.learn British ways of living5.Englishmen _.A.dont often shake hands with friends when they meetB.often shake hands with friends when they meetC.raise their hats to all friends when they meetD.dont raise their hats to all friends when they meet思路解析: 通过阅读这篇短文可以了解到作者对国外生活的欣喜与惊奇。要正确解决问题的关键就是抓住作者国外生活的实际,以及自己对国王生活的了解,便可很容易找到正确答案。答案:15 BCCBA深化升华 1.句意理解题。英国人不像我们欧洲人握手那么频繁,由此可知作者来自欧洲。2.句意理解题。根据第一句话“Ive been in England for two months now.”,可知她是两个月以前来的。3.句意理解题。not much time意为“时间不是很多”,但不是完全否定。故此题应选C。4.细节考查题。由句子“I will soon be starting my studies at Kings College.”可知她来这儿的目的是学习,而下一句讲述了她学了一些英国人的生活方式,并非她来这儿的真正目的。5.句意理解题。根据最后一段,可知英国人见面的时候并不常握手。例7 Which number should replace(代替)the question mark?从左边的两个三角形,我们可以看出,三角形中的59=6117;92=1197。那么,我们可以得出结论,右边的三角形中的？=1387,即97。