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一、研究的背景One, the background of the research 普通高中英语课程标准（实验）规定，高中英语六级的课外阅读量（教材除外）应累计达到18万词以上，七级达到23万词以上，八级达到30万词以上。新课程对学生阅读能力提出了更高的要求。学生如果没有一定的自主阅读能力，要想完成如此大的课外阅读量，可谓天方夜谭。因此，如何培养学生的阅读策略，提高学生的英语阅读能力一直是广大英语教师探讨和关注的一个问题。Ordinary high school English curriculum standard (experiment) regulation, the high school English level 6 of the extracurricular reading quantity (except for textbooks) should be up to more than 180000 words, seven of 230000 words above, 8 reaches more than 300000 words. New curriculum for students reading ability put forward higher request. If there is no certain independent reading ability, students to accomplish such a large amount of extracurricular reading, is a fable. Therefore, how to cultivate the students reading strategies and improve the students English reading ability has always been English teachers study and focus on a problem. 授人以鱼，不如授人以渔。培养阅读能力，为进一步学习和运用英语打好切实的基础，其目的就是不仅要学生学会语言知识，获取文章提供的有效信息，更重要的是培养学生成为有独立阅读能力的人。在传统的阅读教学中，教师通常的做法是带领学生分析课文中的重要单词、短语和句子，借助翻译的方法解决学生理解障碍。这是一种知识性阅读，教学重点只是停留在语言点的传授上。教师很少从阅读策略的角度，自觉、系统、有效地对学生进行训练，缺少对学生必要的阅读策略的培养。阅读教学中，教师不仅要传授给学生语言方面的知识，帮助学生领悟文章的内涵，把握文章的脉络，还要采取适当的阅读教学策略，使学生掌握高效率阅读的方法和技能，逐步增强语言学习能力。Teach them to fish, as teach people to fish. Cultivation of reading ability, in order to further study and use English lay a solid foundation, its purpose is to students not only learn language knowledge, the paper provide effective information, more important is to cultivate students to become independent reading ability. In traditional reading teaching, teachers often lead the students to analyze the important words, phrases and sentences in the text, the translation method to solve the students understand the obstacles. This is a kind of knowledge, reading teaching focus only stay in language teaching. Teachers rarely from the perspective of reading strategies, consciousness, system, undertake to the student training effectively, lack the necessary reading strategies of students training. Reading teaching, teachers should not only teach language knowledge to the student, to help students understand the connotation of the articles, to grasp the thread of the article, but also take appropriate strategies of reading teaching, enable students to master effective reading methods and skills, gradually strengthen language learning ability. 课程改革中，英语教学越来越重视学生的主体作用，培养学生的自主学习能力已成为英语教学的重要内容之一基础教育阶段英语课程的总体目标是：培养学生的综合语言运用能力。综合语言运用能力的形成，建立在学生语言技能、语言知识、情感态度、学习策略和文化意识等素养整体发展的基础上。在新一轮的课程改革中，高考对学生英语阅读的要求也在逐渐提高，阅读量逐渐加大，考查学生阅读的准确率和阅读速度，考查学生的阅读理解能力和解题技巧是高考英语试题的发展趋势。在笔者所在的学校，大部分学生只满足于读懂教材，语言输入量明显不足，他们缺乏阅读意识，多数阅读速度慢，理解准确率低，所以在考试中，阅读理解部分失分较多，英语阅读信心不足。因此，教师就要向学生强调英语阅读的重要，训练学生的阅读速度，使学生词汇量在阅读训练中得到巩固和拓展。此外，教师还要调动学生自主学习的积极性，指导学生进行阅读策略和技能的有效训练，提高学生的英语阅读水平。Curriculum reform, English teaching is more and more attention to the principal role of students, develop the students ability of autonomous learning has become one of the important content of English teaching basic education stage English courses overall goal is: to cultivate the students comprehensive language using ability. The formation of the comprehensive language using ability, establishing the students language skills, language knowledge, emotional attitude, learning strategies and cultural awareness, on the basis of overall development. In the new round of curriculum reform, the college entrance examination for students of English reading requirements are also gradually improve, gradually increase reading quantity, examines student reading accuracy and speed of reading, check the students reading comprehension ability and problem solving skills are the development trend of college entrance examination English exam. In my school, most students only content to read teaching materials, language input, they lack the reading consciousness, most of the reading speed is slow, correct comprehension is low, so in the test, reading comprehension part lose points more, English reading confidence. Therefore, the teacher will emphasize the importance of English reading to students and training the students reading speed, causes the student to the vocabulary in reading training has been consolidated and expanded. In addition, teachers need to arouse the enthusiasm of students autonomous learning, guide the student to carry on the effective reading strategies and skills training, improve the students English reading level. 二、研究的意义Second, the study of meaning 在信息社会的今天，很多信息的获得与阅读密不可分，阅读已经成为人们获取信息的重要手段。赫斯和贾思柏认为：“学习外语的一种方法是到把该语言作为本族语的国家去生活；另一种方法就是进行大量的阅读，并从中得到快乐。”在阅读的过程中使用阅读策略可以增进理解，提高阅读速度和效果。阅读教学理论认为，阅读过程是一个主动的、有目的的、有创造性的心理过程。读者在阅读中始终处于积极主动的状态，不断对视觉信息进行解码、加工处理，但是部分学生常常不知道用什么样的阅读策略去抓住有效信息，最后做出正确的推理和判断。教师的“授之以渔”对学生的英语学习非常重要。学生只有掌握了有效的阅读方法，才能举一反三，做到在不同的阅读材料中，使用有效的阅读策略，提高自己的阅读能力。因此教师要重视对学生阅读策略的培养和指导。研究表明：每个人在阅读中都使用策略，有时是有意识的，但大多数情况下是潜意识的或无意识的。策略训练的目的就是“唤醒”学生的策略意识。这样学生才能在阅读中掌握阅读技巧，积累阅读兴趣。学生只有学习并掌握了各种阅读策略，才能成为一个具有真正阅读能力的人。因此，高中英语阅读策略的研究意义十分重大。In todays information society, a lot of information is closely connected with reading, reading has become an important means of access to information. Hess and invigilator said: one way to learn a foreign language is to speak the language as the native language of the country to live, another method is to a large number of reading, and happiness. Use reading strategies in the process of reading can improve understanding and improve your reading speed and effect. Reading teaching theory, the process of reading is an active, purposeful, creative mental process. Readers in reading always is in a state of active, constantly to decoding, processing of visual information, but some students often dont know to use what kind of reading strategies to seize effective information, finally make the right reasoning and judgment. Teachers teach to fish is very important for the students English learning. Students only master effective reading methods, to extrapolate, do it in different reading materials, use effective reading strategies, improve their reading ability. So teachers should pay much attention to the training of students reading strategies and guidance. Research shows that everyone use strategies in reading, sometimes is conscious, but in most cases is a subconscious or unconscious. The purpose of the training strategy is to wake up strategy consciousness of students. In this way can students master the reading skills in reading, reading interest. Students only learn and master the various reading strategies, to become a man with a real reading ability. Therefore, high school English reading strategies research significance is very significant. 从近几年的高考试题来看，阅读量在逐渐地加大，试题形式多样，重在考查学生的阅读能力。由此可见，教师在英语教学中，仅让学生明白所学的阅读内容是远远不够的。高中英语教学应重视对学生阅读能力的培养，改变原有的以教师为中心的阅读教学模式，体现学生的主体地位，这就要求教师在完成教材所规定的教学目标的同时，教会学生自主学习的方法，培养学生良好的阅读习惯和形成有效的阅读策略，使学生学会学习，从而实现自主性阅读。因此，高中英语阅读策略的研究意义十分重大。From the recent test, reading in gradually increasing, try a variety of forms, check the students reading ability. Therefore, the teacher in English teaching, only let the students understand what they have learned reading content is not enough. High school English teaching should attach importance to the cultivation of students reading ability, change the original teacher-centered mode of reading teaching, reflect students main body status, this requests the teacher to complete the teaching material of teaching goal, teach students autonomous learning method, cultivating students good reading habits and form effective reading strategies, make students learn to study, so as to realize autonomous reading. Therefore, high school English reading strategies research significance is very significant. 三、课程标准对英语阅读教学的要求Three, the requirement of curriculum standard for English reading teaching 普通高中英语课程标准（实验）中明确指出：“新一轮英语课程改革的重点就是要改变英语课程过分重视语法和词汇知识的讲解与传授、忽视对学生实际语言运用能力培养的倾向，强调课程从学生的学习兴趣、生活经验和认知水平出发，倡导体验、实践、参与、合作与交流的学习方式和任务型的教学途径，发展学生的综合语言运用能力”其中对高中英语阅读技能方面的要求如下：Ordinary high school English curriculum standard (experiment) explicitly pointed out: the focus of the new English curriculum reform is to change the interpretation of English course too much emphasis on grammar and vocabulary knowledge and teach, tend to ignore the actual language use ability training for students, emphasizes the course from the students interest in learning, life experience and cognitive level, advocates experience, practice, participation, cooperation and the exchange of learning method and task-based teaching approach, developing the students comprehensive language using ability. The requirement for high school English reading skills are as follows: （1）能从一般文字资料中获取主要信息和理解阅读材料不同的观点和态度；(1) the main information can get from the general text data and understand the reading material for different points of view and attitude; （2）能根据上下文、句子结构及构词法来猜测词义，理解语篇意义；(2) according to context, sentence structure and word formation to guess the word meaning, understand the discourse meaning; （3）能找出文章的主题，理解故事的情节，根据上下文线索推理、预测故事情节的发展和可能的结局；(3) to find out the theme of the article, to understand the plot of the story, according to the context clues reasoning, predict the development of the plot and the likely outcome; （4）能理解文章的主旨和作者的意图；(4) to understand the subject of the article and the authors intention; （5）能根据阅读目的使用不同的阅读策略；(5) can use different reading strategies according to the reading goals; （6）能通过不同的渠道查找所需信息；(6) can search the information you need through different channels; （7）能识别不同文体的特征；(7) can identify different stylistic characteristics; （8）能通过分析句子结构理解难句和长句。Can (8) by analyzing the structure of the sentence comprehension difficult sentences and long sentences.
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