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U5T1SA1 China is a great country that has about 5 000 years of history.中国是一个拥有五千年左右历史的国家。that has about 5 000 years ofhistory.是定语从句，修饰名词country。country是先行词，that是关系代词，在定语从句中作主语，也可以用which。2 There are a great number of rivers in China.中国有大量的河流。 a number of . 许多/大量， 后接可数名词复数，作主语时，谓语用复数；the number of .的数量，后接可数名词复数，作主语时，谓语用单数。3 the second longest is Huanghe River.第二长的是黄河。 the second longest第二长，在形容词的最高级前加上序数词second，表示第二。4 fetch v. 取，取来，指从此处到别处去把人带来或把物取来。常用句型fetch sb. sth./fetch sth. for sb.给某人取某物。get与fetch意思差不多，常用于口语。5 Its a book which introduces China in detail.它是一本详细介绍中国的书。 which introduces. 为定语从句，先行词是book。U5T1SB1a/the symbol of 的象征2Its said that theyre powerful animals which guard the whole nation.Its said that 据说关系代词which引导的定语从句修饰先行词animals。3 real dragons and the sons of Heaven真龙天子4 Thats correct! 很正确！5 It also plays an important part in Chinese festivals.它也在中国的节日当中扮演着一个重要角色。play a/an . part = play a/an . role意为“扮演一个角色，起作用，有影响”。U5T1SC1 one of the greatest wonders 世界上最大的奇观之一。1one of+最高级+可数名词复数“最之一”2 It stretches from Shanhaiguan in the east to Jiayuguan in the west.它从东边的山海关延伸到西边的嘉峪关。stretch from . to .从延伸至。3 join . together连在一起。4 wear away（使）磨灭；（使）磨损，（使）磨掉。5 separte from（把）分开，（把）分成若干部分。6. bring into 把带进7. be regarded as 被当作U5T1SD1. along with 与一起当主语与along with连用时，谓语动词与along with前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。如：Joe, along with his family, is leaving forDisneyland.2 . the number of 的数量a number of 许多，一些3 the same as 与一样U5T2SA1 Confucius, a pioneer in the field of education.in the field of 在领域2 in the year 551B.C. 公元前551年。A.D.表示“公元”，B.C.表示“公元前”；书写时A.D.写在年数前后均可，B.C.应写在年数之后；“从某年到某年”应写为from . to .或. .。e.g.3 He was a great thinker who had many wise ideas about human nature and behavior.他是一个在人性和行为举止方面有很多高见的伟大的思想家。 who had many wise ideas about human nature and behavior是定语从句，修饰先行词a thinker，who是关系代词，在从句中作主语。4 His main ideas are about kindness and good manners.他的主要观点是关于“仁” 和“礼”。 kindness and good manners “仁” 和“礼”25 He was also a famous philosopher whose wise sayings have influenced many people in differentcountries他也是一个著名的哲学家，他的至理名言影响了不同国家的一大批人。whose wise sayings have influenced many people in differentcountries是由whose引导的定语从句，在从句中作wisesayings的定语，修饰先行词philosopher。由关系代词whose引导，其先行词既可指人又可指物，且不能省略。6 He who learns but does not think is lost; he who thinks but does not learn is in danger.学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。7 He was really a great man from whom I can learn a lot. 是一个伟人，我从他身上学到了很多。1. In 221 B.C., he defeated the other six states and set up his ownempire.在公元前221年，他打败了其它六国，并建立了自己的王国。（set up 建立）2. He wished that his empire could go on forever. 他希望他的帝国能永远持续下去。3. After it came to an end, Liu Bang became the first emperor of the Handynasty.在它（秦）灭亡之后，刘邦成为汉朝的第一位皇帝。（come to an end 结束）U5T2SB1 He was a Ming dynasty explorer whom we Chinese people are proud of.他是一个我们中国人都引以为豪的明朝的探险家。whom the Chinese people are proud of是定语从句，修饰先行词explorer。关系代词whom在从句中作介词of的宾语，可用who代替，也可以省去，但当把介词提前时只能用whom而不能用who。take pride in.或be proud of. 以为骄傲 the pride of 的骄傲 pride n.自豪，骄傲，形容词为proud；。2 succeed in doing sth.成功地做了某事3 Its hard to believe！难以置信4 What a great explorer! 多么伟大的一个探险家啊！5 die of/from. 死于，后接表示死因的名词、代词或名词短语。U5T2SC31 graduate from .毕业于。2 further study进一步学习，深造。3 as well as也，还，而且。eg. She is beautiful as well as clever.她漂亮而且聪明。4 make important contributions to (doing) sth.为做出重要贡献5. return to 返回6 set up建立。7 in charge of 主管、掌管。eg. She is in charge of two companies, so she is very busy.她掌管两家公司， 所以她很忙。8 at the age of .在岁时。eg. He could play chess well at the age of8.他在八岁时下橡棋很好。U5T2SDPhrases:depend on依靠，取决于at the end of在末U5T3SA1 see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事。 see sb. do sth.看见某人做某事（的过程）2 either . or . 或者或者。3 have sth. done 请或让某人做某事。4 not only . but also .不但而且，also可以省略。 not only . but also连接并列主语时，谓语动词使用就近原则。e5. below adv. & prep. 在下面（below 表示“在下方或位置低于”，不一定有垂直在下之意；under表示“在正下方”） 6. ring out 发出清脆的响声U5T3SB1 although虽然，尽管。引导让步状语从句，不与but同时出现在句子中。2 give up 放弃43 Not only did she discover radium but also she won the Nobel Prize twice in her lifetime.她不仅发现了镭，而且还两次获得诺贝尔奖。not only . but (also) 不但而且当not only提前时，前一分句用倒装句式，后一分句用陈述语序。Not only is he clever, but also she is kind-hearted.她不仅聪明，而且心地善良。4 learn from 向学习5 neither nor 两者都不；既不也不 not onlybut also 不但而且 either or 或或；不是就是以上词组连接主语时，谓语动词都要与邻近的主语单复数保持一致。U5T3SC1 neither . nor .既不也不。 neither . nor .连接并主语时，谓语动词使用就近原则。2 encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事。3 trust v.n. 信任，信赖，相信4 call+宾语+宾语补足语，称/叫为eg.5 take an active part in 积极参加6 break out（不愉快的事情）突然发生，爆发。7 both . and . 二者都。8 get rid of 弃，摆脱，扔掉9 set free 释放，解放。1. die from 死于 U5T3SD bothand连接主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式； neither nor, not onlybut also和eitheror连接主语时，谓语动词则要遵循就近一致原则。5
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