2011山东高考英语阅读表达答题技巧.doc

2011山东高考新题型阅读表达出 一命题特点及要求问题类型问题要求常见问题主旨概括概括出短文、短文中某一段落的大意或标题，或指出作者的写作意图 Whats the best title of the passage? Whats the purpose of the writer writing the passage? Whats the main idea of the article?完成句子结合上下文，将短文中的空白处用合适的词语补充完整，使短文通畅 Please fill in the blank in the passage with proper words or phrases.句子替代根据所给的英文释义，寻找短文中意思相同的句子 Please find out the sentence which can be replaced by the following one?句子翻译将短文中指定的句子翻译成通顺的汉语Translate the underlined sentence in theparagraph into Chinese.封闭性问题结合文中某个问题进行解答Regular Wh-Questions based on the passage开放性问题结合个人的观点、态度进行表述 What would you do if you were What other suggestions would you give? How would you settle the problem if you were ?二解题技巧1 What is the best title of the passage? (Please answer within 10 words)答题技巧：（1）通常为短语或短句, 力求精辟、简洁；（2） 实词首字母大写虚词首字母小写;（3）若虚词位于句首大写; （4）只大写第一个单词的首字母； 2Regular Wh-Questions based on the passage答题技巧：对于封闭性问题，应结合文章相关内容，在文中找答案及依据；3Please fill in the blank in the passage with proper words or phrases.答题技巧：仔细斟酌上下文，捕捉文章的具体信息，认真推敲语言，力求准确到位；4开放性问题 What would you do if you were What other suggestions would you give? How would you settle the problem if you were ?答题技巧：对于开放性问题，应在理解文章的基础上结合自己的观点组织答案。5 Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.答题技巧：分析句子结构，判断句子成分间的关系，既要符合句子原意，又要注意汉语句子的通顺和达意；如：A young college student, who was admitted to a wrong speciality (专业) of an undesirable college, abandoned himself to playing truant (逃学) and was given to drinking instead of studying.be admitted to 被录取abandon oneself to (doing) sth. 沉湎于；放纵；be given to (doing) sth. 沉湎/迷于；由于被录取到一所不满意的大学，专业也不对口，一位年轻的大学生整日沉迷于旷课酗酒中，没有心思学习。总体说来，要做好阅读表达解题应做到以下几点：1）快速的浏览题目，做到心中有数，带着题目进行速读。2）准确理解文章的大意、细节，把握作者的观点、态度、语气等，捕捉与题目有关的信息，为回答问题作好准备。3）答题之前认真审题，弄清问题的要求，回答应具有针对性，紧扣题目，认真推敲语言，既要完整又要简洁。同时还要注意语言运用的准确性、得体性。4）主旨大意题，要求词数比较少，所用语言要精辟、简洁。 答案应 符合标题要求，能概括出文章大意或作者的意图。5）有的问题可以在文中找到答案及其依据，但是对于开放性问题，考生要结合自己的观点回答。6）在做翻译题的时候，一定要结合句子所在的情景进行理解和翻译，并且把握好句子结构。既要符合句子原意，又要注意汉语句子的通顺和大意。7）要注意问题后的字数要求，切忌超出各个题目所要求的字数范围。8）要保持书写清楚，工整；卷面整洁、干净。三、模拟真题阅读下面短文并根据要求回答后面的题目。注意所有答案要写在答题区。（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）（山东临沂市2006-2007高三上学期期中统一考试） You seem to be a Wet Blanket （a person who doesnt enjoy himselfherself and thus prevents others from enjoying themselves）when it comes to nature and your kidYou are most likely a caring，protective parent who wants to keep your child safe and soundYou may be so determined to protect your kid from dirt，sunburn，frostbite，or scratches that you try to avoid the outdoorsOr you may just find muddy clothes and sandy toes require too much extra workPerhaps you hate to get dirty yourselfThe natural world may just make you nervous and you might worry those bugs and bats will suck you dryIt may be that you just never got the chance to be outdoors when you were a kid and now know nothing about what to do with your kid While it is every care-givers job to protect their kid，your worries may cause your child togrow up as a Wet Blanket as wellIf you prefer the indoors yourselfyou may be keeping your kid from outdoor experiences without even realizing itYour attitudes about nature have a huge influence on how comfortable your kid will feel outsideYou may need to go against your own nature and “open the door” to get your kid outside! You may already see the value in helping kids spend time outside in nature and know that playing in natural settings helps children grow up mentallyPerhaps you already introduce your child to nature through books，museums，and zoosMaybe you just need some ideas of what to do with kids outsideTry some simple nature activities with your kid, or sign-up for professionally-led nature programs to develop your skillsWhile it may be a challenge for you to overcome your own nervousness about nature，you can raise a child who_ One of the easiest ways you Can get your kid outside is to become a Door OpenerEven if you dont enjoy playing in the mud you can take breath and let them loose! Undirected time to explore nature is an important part of raising a caring kidThis might be free time in the backyard，allowing him to wander ahead on a walk or simply providing her with materials for a projectPutting aside your own nervousness and providing “in-the-wings” support will enrich your childs journey as a nature lover! Belt out a song，build a snowman，watch the clouds，or plant a seed with your childHelp your child connect his creative side with nature76What is the best title of the passage?（Please answer within l0 words）_77Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?Maybe youve known the benefits of playing outside and realized that it Can help build up your kids inner world_78Please fill in the blank in the third paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence（Please answer within 10 words）_79Which do you think is the beat way to get you and your kid outside? Why? （Please answer within 30 words）_80Translate the underlined sentence in the last paragraph into Chinese_Key：76Get Your Kid（s）Outside!Bring kid（s）to NatureCare-givers，Dont Be a Wet BlanketDont Be a Wet blanket to Kids77You may already see the value in helping kids spend time outside in nature and know that playing in natural settings helps children grow up mentally78is happy and confident in the natural worldloves naturelikes outdoor activities79The answer may vary80放下你的紧张感并从旁边提供支持将使你孩子的自然爱好者之旅丰富多彩。(注 原文作者: 高呈宝)广东高考新题型: 语法填空（共10小题，每小题15分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，根据上下文填入适当的词语，或使用括号中的词语的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡上标号为31-40的相应位置。Thirty-two people watched Kitty Genovese 36 (kill) right below their windows. She was 37 neighbor. Yet 38 of the 32 helped her. Not one even called the police.John Barley and Bib Fatane went beyond the headlines to research into the 39 why people didnt act. They found that a person has to go through two steps 40 he can help. First he has to notice that it is 41 emergency（紧急情况）. Is the smoke coming into the room 42 a leak in the air conditioning? Is it “steam pipes”? Or is it really smoke from a fire? Its not always easy to tell if you are faced with a real emergency. Second, and 43 important, the person faced with an emergency must feel personally 44 (responsibility). He must feel that he must help, 45 the person wont get the help he needs.III 阅读（共两节，满分40分）第二节 信息匹配（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）下面是一篇应用文及其应用场合的信息，请阅读下列应用文和相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。首先，请阅读下列的应用文：a. Needed: Full time secretary position available. Applicants should have at least 2 years experience and be able to type 60 words a minute. No computer skills required Apply in person at United Business Ltd, 17 Browning Streetb. Are you looking for a part time job? We require 3 part time shop assistants to work during the evening. No experience required Applicants should be between 18 and 26 Call 366 - 76564 for more information.c. Computer trained secretaries: Do you have experience working with computers? Would you like a full time position working in an exciting new company? If your answer is yes, give us a call at 457-896754d. Teacher Needed: Tommys Kindergarten needs 2 teacher/trainers to help with classes from 9 am. to 3 p.m. Applicants should have appropriate licenses. For more information visit Tommys Kindergarten in Leicester Square No. 56e. Part Time work available: We are looking for retired adults who would like to work part time at the weekend Responsibilities include answering the telephone and giving customers information. For more information contact us by calling 345-674132f. University positions open: The University of Cumberland is looking for 4 teaching assistants to help with homework correction. Applicants should have a degree in one of the following: Political Science, Religion, Economics or History. Please contact the University of Cumberland for more information.请阅读以下职位申请者的信息，然后匹配申请者和他/她拟要申请的职位：Jack Anderson. Jack graduated from the University of Trent with a degree in Economics two years ago. He would like an academic position.Margaret Lillian. Margaret is 21 years old and would like a part time position to help her pay her university expenses. She can only work in the evenings.Alice Fingelhamm. Alice was trained as a secretary and has six years of experience. She is an excellent typist but does not know how to use a computer. She is looking for a full time position.Peter Florian. Peter went to business school and studied computer and secretarial skills. He is looking for his first job and would like a full time position.Lynne Nagata Lynne, aged 65, once worked in a kindergarten. She is now a housewife, helping her daughter with her housework on weekdays. She is looking for a part time job申请者申请职位61 Jack AndersonA full time secretary62 Margaret LillianB part time shop assistant63 Alice FingelhammC computer trained secretary64 Peter FlorianD kindergarten teacher65 Lynne NagataE. part time job at the weekendF. university teaching assistant2007浙江卷第二节：Cathy、Jason、Kate、Wayne和Frank各自打算订一份杂志。第61至65题是他们的个人情况介绍。阅读下面六种杂志的简介（A、B、C、D、E和F），选出符合各人需要的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。选项中有一项是多余选项。61A young mother raising her first child, Cathy tries to spend as much time as she can playing with her baby girl. She is eager to get more knowledge of child development and to better understand how young children look at the world.62Jason is a successful young businessman. He travels widely and enjoys adventures and challenges. Having been to many different countries, Jason is still looking for new places to visit. His biggest dream is to see every corner of the world before he retires.63Smart and pretty, Kate is very popular among her friends. She takes great care of how she looks and has a great interest in fashion and the lifestyle of famous people. Besides, she also enjoys reading articles written specially for young girls.64Wayne teaches science in a middle school. He not only wants his students to know more about modern science, but also tries hard to develop a curiosity about nature among his students. He is gathering materials for his students to read.65Frank is the father of a 10-year-old boy. He believes that in this fast-developing world parents should prepare their children for lifelong learning at an early age. Therefore, in his opinion, the most important skill for children to learn is to discover things on their own. He is looking for a magazine for his son.A BMuseMuse seeks to stimulate, delight, and challenge every curious child between the ages of 13 and 16. Produced by the editors and publishers of Cricket, Muse features articles on space, genetics, lasers, rain forests, computers, physics, math, earth sciences, and almost everything else in the universe.Price: $32.97 ($3.66/ issue)SeventeenSeventeen provides advice and encouragement for masses of young girls. Although its primary focus is fashion and famous people, this teen magazine offers more. Mixed among the latest styles, youll find short but interesting articles. Topics range from beauty to the risks of drinking.Price: $22.95 ($ 3.83/issue)CDNational Geographic AdventurerA new magazine from National Geographic, National Geographic Adventurer is intended for a generation of active men and women who seek new & challenging ways to explore and experience the world. The magazine offers an exciting mix of great photography and interesting articles. Features focus on best adventure stories, travel destinations, sports and more.Price: $14.95 ($1.50/issue)WONDERTIMEWONDERTIME IS A NEW MAGAZINE FROM THE EDITORS OF FamilyFun, devoted to helping parents develop childrens love of learning. A blend of how and why. WONDERTIME inspires parents to see the world through the eyes of their children. WONDERTIME mixes playful activities with scientific knowledge about how children develop physically, socially, intellectually, creatively, and emotionally.Price: $10.00 ($1.00/issue)EFKids DiscoverTo help children aged 6 to 12 become lifelong learners, each issue of Kids Discover looks into a single topic in science or social studies which children of this age group have a great interest in. The combination of exciting color photography, lovely pictures and informative kid-friendly text engages readers with attractive content.Price: $26.95 ($2.25/issue)Family FunWhat does family fun mean to you? Crafts? Recipes? Party ideas? Family Fun magazine dishes up these and more interesting activities in over 180 colorful pages. Aimed at parents with young children, this energetic magazine promises to enrich the lives of families. Reviews of computer games, books, videos, and DVDs, written by experts, help parents feel up to the minute.Price: $9.95 ($0.99/issue)参考答案：61.C 62.D 63.A 64.B 65.FIV、写作（共两节，满分为40分）第二节：读写任务（共1小题，满分25分）阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。Let children learn to judge their own work. A child learning to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time; if corrected too much, he will stop talking. He notices a thousand times a day the difference between his language and others language. Bit by bit, he makes the right changes to make his language like other peoples. In the same way, children learn to do all the other things. They learn to talk, run, climb, ride a bicycle by comparing their own behaviors with those of more skilled people, and slowly make the needed changes. But in school teachers never give a child a chance to find out his mistakes for himself, even fewer chances for him to correct himself. They do it all for him. Teachers act as if the student would never notice a mistake if they did not point out it to him. They act as if the student would never correct it unless he was made to. Soon he becomes dependent on the teacher. Let the student do it himself. Let him work out, with the help of other children if he wants it, what this word means and what the answer is to that problem.写作内容1） 以约30个词概括短文的要点；2） 然后以约120个词就“学生的学习错误该不该改正”的主题发表看法，包括如下要点：a) 以自己的学习生活为例，简述你在日常学习生活中常犯的错误；b) 你是如何看待自己的错误的；c) 老师是如何对待你的错误的；d) 你对老师做法的看法及理由。写作要求可以使用实例或其它论述方法支持你的论点，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子。湖南高考新题型：第二节 简答题（共3小题，每小题2分，满分6分）阅读下面短文，根据第73至75小题的具体要求，简要回答问题。The north magnetic pole（磁级）is no longer a resident of Canada. It has drifted across the Canadian Arctic and is now angling toward Siberia.Not to be confused with the geographic North Pole the northern extremity of the Earths axis（地轴）, the north magnetic pole （where the Earths magnetic field is directed downward）is moving due to natural changes in the Earths magnetic field, a process that originates about 3,000 kilometers below our feet, in the outer core（核心）of the planet. But scientists are now noticing that the magnetic pole has picked up its pace.Over the past century, the pole has been migrating at an average speed of about 10 kilometers per year, says Larry Newitt, head of Geomagnetic Laboratory at Natural Resources Canada in Ottawa. Since the 1970s, this speed has increased to about 50 kilometers per year. Scientists are wondering why the speed is increasing, says Newitt. One hypothesis（假说）relates it to “magnetic jerks”, sudden shifts（变化）in the rate of change of the magnetic field. There have been three jerks in the past four decades, each one correlating to an increase in speed.If the north magnetic pole continues at its current rate, it could reach Siberia by 2056.“For most of recorded history, the pole has been a part of Canada, and now its not,” says Newitt. “It may be a blow to our collective psyche but other than that, it doesnt have a major effect on most peoples existence.”73Find in the passage a word closest in meaning to the underlined word “angling”. 74What could happen to the north magnetic pole by the middle of the 21st century? （回答词数不超过8个） 75What is the main idea of the passage?（回答词数不超过8个） 第四部分：书面表达（共两节，满分35分）第一节 填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在文后第76至第85小题的空格内填上适当的单词或短语。注意：每空不超过3个单词。Host family accommodation, or living with host families, remains popular among language travel students for its unique advantages. These days, host families are trying to offer more in terms of quality, for they still have something to worry about.Host family accommodation is often seen as the number-one choice for its advantages in language study, cultural communication and cost of living. Staying alongside host families enables students to get enough practice for the short time of their studying so that their language acquisition is likely to become faster. Living in host families also has the advantage for students of being able to spend a lot of time communicating with their “host parents”, and get to know the local way of life, people and culture. Another advantage is that host family accommodation can sometimes be the least expensive. It attracts students for it ensures them a family type of living at a low cost.The advantages, however, have not prevented host families from worrying. On one hand, some host families are losing their unique selling point. The problems is that the majority of hosts in big cities, now generally single and young, have less time available for students, but the selling point for host family accommodation is communication practice. On the other, students expectations have risen. They are becoming more demanding and asking for more than ever from their accommodation, as they come mainly from high socio-economic groups in their own countries.To get out of the difficult situation, host families are now making efforts to improve the quality of service. They are trying to make living conditions better, including broadband Internet service, private bathroom, and access to plenty of hot water for long showers. They are also providing students with structured family activities.It is believed that host family accommodation will keep the popularity vote with language travel students. Title: 76 Host families are improving the accommodation quality.Theme1) Language study 78 2)Cultural communication(1) 79 (2)Knowing the local way of life, people and culture3) 80 Being least expensive sometimes 77 1) Loss of selling pointHosts having less time for students2) 82 Rise in expectationsStudents becoming more demandingService quality improvement(1) 84 (2) Organizing structured family activitiesHost family accommodation will keep the popularity vote with students.81 83 85 参考答案：73Moving/ Migrating.74It could reach Siberia.75The north magnetic pole is moving faster.76Host family accommodation77Advantages78Possibly becoming faster79Communicating with hosts80Cost of living81Worries/Problems82Rise in expectations基本上不看短文内容仅看选项，2010年高考有人竟然过了100分！高考有没有瞬间大幅度提分的可能？谁能让你不用花很多时间和心思学习，英语就能提高至少20-30