非谓语动词-doing学案.docx

非谓语动词 doing适用学科英语适用年级 初中二年级适用区域北京 课时时长（分钟） 60知识点非谓语动词doing学习目标掌握非谓语动词doing的用法学习重点非谓语动词doing的用法学习难点非谓语动词doing的用法学习过程一、复习预习 复习提问：举例说明不定式做主语、宾语、宾补、状语和定语的情况2、 知识讲解【考查点1】 动 名 词 动名词是由动词原形 + ing 构成，同现在分词形式一样，在句中可作主语， 宾语，表语和定语。 1) 动名词作主语： Talking like that is not polite. Learning from others is important . Putting on more clothes is not so good . （注：动名词可以象动词不定式一样，用 it 先行祠代替， 而把动名词写在后面。 Its no use waiting here, lets go home. Its very difficult climbing this mountain. 2) 动名词作表语 The nurses job is looking after the patients. Seeing is believing. 动名词作宾语 有些动词须用动名词来作宾语,它们是begin, mind, suggest, finish, stop, need, enjoy, miss, keep. Please stop smoking in the house. I like reading in the forest. Do you mind my opening the windows?4）动名词作定语 She is studying in the reading room. He slept in the sleeping bag. （动名词的否定形式：not + 动名词 He pretend not knowing it at all. 他假装全然不知。 We considered not doing it now. 我们考虑现在不做这件事 。 动名词的被动形式 ： （当动名词和它的逻辑主语是被动关系时，用动名词的被动形式来表示。）His being looked down upon made him sick. I cant really stand being treated like that. 动名词的几种特殊情况： 1) 有些动词的后面能跟动名词做宾语，有些动词能跟不定式，有些两者都可以， 它们的具体含义有时还不一样。 能跟动名词的动词有： avoid, consider, delay, deny, dislike, endure, enjoy, escape, forgive, finish, imagine, keep, mind, miss, pardon, prevent, resist, suggest, understand, cant help, 等。 能跟不定式的动词有： decide, desire, expect, hope, mean, pretend, promise, refuse, undertake, want, wish, agree, manage, 能跟动名词和不定式的动词有： love, like, hate, prefer, dislike, begin, continue, intend, attempt, propose, want, need, remember, forget, regret, try, deserve, start, 动词后面跟动名词还是不定式，含义不相同，总的来说，表示习惯的， 一般性的动作多跟动名词，一次性的具体的被动动作多跟不定式。 I like to go with you.我想和你一块儿去。 I like reading. He promised to help her. We love watching VCD. 2) remember, forget, regret后面跟动名词时，动名词表示过去的动作， 后面跟不定式时，不定式表示将来的动作。 I remember meeting him in the street. I remember to write a letter to my parents. 3) stop + 动名词表示停止动名词所表示的动作， stop + 不定式表示停下来 做不定式所表示的动作。 Stop smoking, please. 请不要抽烟 。 Lets stop to have a rest. 咱们停下来休息一下吧。 4) 动名词和分词的区别： 动名词作定语时，动名词和它所修饰的词没有逻辑上的主谓关系，而分词作定语时， 分词和它所修饰的词有逻辑上的主谓关系。 reading text 阅读课文 动名词 developing country 发展中国家 分词a sleeping bag 睡袋 动名词 boiled water 开水 分词 【考查点2】 分 词 分词是由动词 +ing 或 动词 + ed 构成，它在句中起形容词或副词的作用，可以作定语，表语，状语。 working worked washing washed 分词可分为现在分词和过去分词两种，现在分词的形式同动名词一样，在动词后面加 ing 。 而过去分词的形式则在动词后面加 ed. 分词在句中可作定语，状语或表语。 1.分词作定语 China is a developing country. Thats an interesting story. The girl singing for us is ten years old. 作定语的分词要放在被修饰的名词之前，如果是分词词组则放在被修饰的名词之后， 如被修饰的名词是 something, anything, everything, nothing 等，分词放在被修饰名词的后面。 The working people have played a great role in the activity. The boy hurt by the car was sent to the hospital immediately. There is nothing interesting. 没什么有趣的事。 分词和动名词都可以作定语，判断是分词还是动名词，可以根据它们和被修饰词有无逻辑上的主谓关系来判断， 有主谓关系的是分词， 否则判断为动名词。 a swimming girl 游泳的女孩。（分词） a swimming pool 游泳的池子 （动名词） 2.分词作状语 Being a student, he likes to help others. Wearing a new pair of glasses, she can read easily. She is there waiting for us. Told by the teacher, she knew she was wrong. 3.分词作表语 The story is interesting . We are interested in computer. The glass is broken. The water is boiled. 4.分词作宾语补足语 可以跟宾语补足语的谓语动词有 see, watch, hear, set, keep, find, have, get 等词。 I saw him walking in the street. I heard them singing in the classroom. We found the boy sleeping. have 后面的宾语补足语用过去分词常表示动作不是句子的主语发出的，而是由别人做的。 I have my hair cut. 我理发了。（是别人给我理发） She has her bike repaired. 她把自行车修理了。（别人修理的） They have their house rebuilt. 他们重修了房子。 分词的否定形式。not + 分词 Not knowing what to do next, she stopped to wait. 不知道下一步干什么，她停下来等着。 Not having finished the homework, the little girl doesnt dare to go to school. 小女孩没完成作业不敢去学校。 分词的时态 分词的一般时表示动作同谓语动词的动作同时发生或之前发生。 Seeing the teacher is coming, the students stopped playing. 看到老师进来，学生们停下来不玩了。 Coming into the room, he lied on his bed. 回到家后，他就躺在床上。 分词的完成时表示的动作在谓语动词的前面发生。 Having received a latter, I knew everything is all right. 收到一封信后，我知道一切都很好。 Having had my supper, I went out for a walk. 晚饭后，我出去散步了。 Having known that he won the match, he threw the cap into the sky. 他知道自己比赛获胜，高兴地把帽子扔上了天。 三、例题精析【例题1】【题干】 The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket _ the desert. A.covering B.covered C.cover D.to cover【答案】 A【解析】说明被修饰词的性质，特征或用途,故用doing的形式【例题2】【题干】 The flowers_sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. A.to smell B.smellingC.smelt D.to be smelt【答案】B【解析】 【例题3】【题干】 _ with the best students, I still have a long way to go. A. Having compared B. To compare C. Compared D. Compare【答案】C【解析】 四、课堂运用【基础】 1. Granny is very ill and she doesnt feel like _(eat) anything. 2. The girl enjoys _(listen) to light music. 3. Do you remember _(buy) me a beautiful skirt on my 13th birthday? 4. We couldnt help _(laugh) after we heard the funny story. 5. What about _ (go) out for a walk?【巩固】 6.-Who is the man_to the teacher？ -A model worker_our school. A.talks，visits B.is talking;is visiting C.talking;visiting D.talking;visited 7.How many of us_，say，a meeting that has nothing to do with us will be interested in the discussion？ A.attend B.attendingC.to attend D.have attended 8.The flowers_sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. A.to smell B.smellingC.smelt D.to be smelt【拔高】 9. The music of the film _ by him sounds so _ . A. playing, exciting B. played, excited C. playing, excited D. played, exciting 10. _ against the coming hurricane, they dared not leave home. A. Warned B. Having warned C. To warn D. Warn 11. In _ countries, you cant always make yourself _ by speaking English. A. English-speaking, understand B. English-spoken, understand C. English-speaking, understood D. English-speaking, understood答案与解析课程小结 动名词和分词的区别： 动名词作定语时，动名词和它所修饰的词没有逻辑上的主谓关系，而分词作定语时， 分词和它所修饰的词有逻辑上的主谓关系。 reading text 阅读课文 动名词 developing country 发展中国家 分词a sleeping bag 睡袋 动名词 boiled water 开水 分词 课后作业【基础】 1. I was told that there were about 50 foreign students _ Chinese in the school，most _ were from Germany. A.study;of whom B.study;of them C.studying;of them D.studying;of whom 2.The question _ at present has something important to do with our daily life. A.to be discussing B.to discuss C.been discussed D.being discussed 3.China is a_country_to the third world. A.developed;belongs B.developing;belonging C.developing;belongs D.developed;belonged【巩固】 4. In _ countries, you cant always make yourself _ by speaking English. A. English-speaking, understand B. English-spoken, understand C. English-speaking, understood D. English-speaking, understood 5. After _ the old man, the doctor suggested that he _ a bad cold. A. examining, should catch B. examined, had caught C. examining, had caught D. examined, catch 6. _ , Tom jumped into the river and had a good time in it. A. Be a good swimmer B. Being a good swimmer C. Having been good swimmer D. To be a good swimmer 7. _ how to read the new words, I often look them up in the dictionary. A. Having not known B. Not to know C. Dont know D. Not knowing 8. As his parent, you shouldnt have your child _ such a book. A. read B. to read C. reading D. be reading 9. He returned from abroad _ that his mother had been badly ill. A. heard B. having been heard C. having phoned D. having been phoned【拔高】 10.The story was so funny that we _. A. couldnt help laugh B. cant but laugh C. couldnt help laughing D. couldnt help but to laugh 11.What about _ to the concert with us ? A. we go B. we going C. going D. to go 12. Seeing is _. A. to believe B. believing C. believed D. being believed 答案与解析