人教版八年级下册reading翻译.doc

人教版八年级下册英语课本翻译 -新目标（GO for it）第一单元Reading Section2 你认为你将拥有自己的机器人吗？ 在一些科幻影片中，未来的人们拥有自己的机器人。这些机器人像人类一样，他们帮助人们做家务，做人类最不想做的工作。一些科学家相信未来会有这样的机器人，然而，他们认为这样可能需要数百年的时间。科学家们现在正尽力使机器人看起来像人一样，与我们做同样的事情。日本的公司已经能让机器人走路、跳舞了。这种机器人看起来也是很有趣的。 但是机器人科学家詹姆斯怀特不同意。他认为对机器人来说与人做同样的事情会很难。例如，对一个孩子来说醒来并不知道他在哪里是很容易的。怀特先生认为机器人将不能做到这一点。但是其他的科学家不这样认为。他们认为在25到50年内机器人将能够与人们对话。 机器人科学家们不仅仅是在尽力使机器人看起来像人，例如，已有机器人在工厂工作了。这些机器人看起来更像巨大的手臂。他们反复做那些简单的工作。人们不愿做这样的工作并且会厌烦。但是机器人永远不会厌烦。 在未来，到处都将有更多的机器人，并且人类将做更少的工作。新的机器人将有很多不同的形状。有些看起来像人，有些将会看起来像蛇。一场地震后，一个蛇形机器人能够帮助我们寻找（埋在）建筑物下面的人。现在看来似乎是不可能的。但在100年前，电脑、太空火箭甚至电动牙刷似乎也都是不可能的。我们永远都不知道未来会发生什么！第二单元Reading Section2 也许你应该学会放松！ 对于凯西.泰勒三个孩子来说，生活非常繁忙。他们在学校已经够忙了，但放学后凯西还会把两个男孩带去打篮球和踢足球。她还会把女儿带去上钢琴课。疲惫的孩子们7点才能到家，他们很快吃完晚饭后又到写家庭作业的时间了。 泰勒家的家长和许多英美的家长一样，他们带着孩子参加一个又一个活动，尽他们所能把孩子的生活添满。医生说很多孩子就生活在很大的压力下。老师们也抱怨课堂上有太多疲倦的孩子。 大多数孩子都参加课后俱乐部。这些活动包括运动，语言，音乐和数学。 心急的家长现在已经不是什么新鲜事了，但是现在的家长督促得有点太过了。家长看见其他家的孩子参加很多活动，所以他们就觉得他们自己的孩子也应该去参加。 林达.米勒是住在伦敦的一位三个孩子的母亲，她就很清楚这中压力。她说，在一些家庭里，竞争在孩子很小的年龄时就开始了。母亲们在孩子很小的时候就把孩子送去参加各种课程，而且还老把他们和其他孩子比较。这是很疯狂的举动。人们不该这么硬逼孩子们。 爱丽丝格林博士也同意这个观点。她还说这些孩子长大后发现很难对自己的生活进行思考，因为家长过多地为他们计划了他们的人生。当他们成年后就不会自己计划自己的人生了。家长应该给孩子多一点属于他们自己的时间。一方面，孩子们需要组织好的活动，另一方面，他们也需要时间和自由来放松和更多的时间来独立完成一些事情。3a 美国和英国的孩子参加许多课外活动。许多孩子出于压力之下。如今的家长们给孩子们的压力比以前更大了。孩子们应有自由时间来放松。4a 你何时觉得有压力？ 你该采取何种方式来放松？第三单元Section 2 你是否记得你当时在干什么呢？ 人们总能够回忆起当一个在历史上一重大影响事件发生时自己在干些什么。例如，在美国很多同时代的人能够清楚的回想起自己在1968年4月4日-一个在美国现代历史上举足轻重的日子在做什么，在这个灰暗的日子里，马丁路德.金博士在孟菲斯市遇刺。也许人们会不记得谁杀了马丁博士，他们知道自己当时在干什么。 就是一些日常生活事件也会被显得很重要，罗伯特.阿伦先已年过40，当他听见这个噩耗的时候他还是个学生，“那是个一望无垠，阳光灿烂的日子”他回忆道：“铃响时我们正在操场嬉戏，我们老师要我们停止玩耍，他哽咽道，马丁博士10分钟前已经永远离开我们了，我们都不敢相信这是真的”放学后他和其他同学一言不发的一起回家。 马丁博士的死讯一晃30年已过，那个时候还有很多当代人尚未出生。但是，在更近的时候，大部分美国人清楚的知道他们当时在干什么当纽约世界贸易中心被恐怖分子摧毁的时候。甚至这个日期-2001.9.11在许多美国人心中也占有重要的地位。 并不是所以的历史大事是糟糕的，许多美国人依然记得自己在1969.6.20人类第一次涉足月球的时刻做什么。远的不说，就看前几年。无数中国人记得他们当时在做什么当中国小伙杨利伟成为神州第一个宇航员。杨在2003.十月15.升空，在绕地22个小时后返回。当他回到母亲的怀抱的时候，他已被人们视为民族英雄，同时名扬全球！第四单元Reading Section 2 她说帮助别人改变了她的一生 在甘肃省的一个贫穷的小山村教中学生对你来说听来可能没什么乐趣。不过，他改变了来自北京杨磊的生活。北京大学首先作为在一个一年计划中的志愿者去那里。这项活动是由教育部和中国少年先锋队发起的。每年他们派100位志愿者到中国的农村地区去任教。 山中的生活对杨磊来说是一次新的经历。它的村庄海拔2000米，起初稀薄的空气让他觉得很难受。食品非常简单，-教师一天三次都是粥。幸好，杨磊的母亲支持他，她说她和她的丈夫认为这是一种好的想法。“今天的年轻人有必要经历不同的事情。”她说。 大多数小学生住在学校宿舍里。他们学习很刻苦。他们早晨5点起床一直学到晚上11点。他们喜欢有志愿者教师到那里。“你和他们之间没什么区别，”杨雷说。“他们说我们像他们的大哥哥和大姐姐，并且他们感到很幸运。” 一些学生可能不上高中或者大学。家庭贫困，通常也没有钱来读书。“我对此感到无能为力。”杨雷说，“但是我能让我的学生开阔眼界，并且给他们的生活一个好的起点。”他说他喜欢给孩子们的一生留下好的影响。 杨雷很喜欢他作为以为志愿者的日子.一年的支援生活结束后,他说在完成它的研究之后,他将返回该地区.他现在是甘肃平梁石墨高中的一名数学教师。复习单元1-5Section 2 我一直在中国学习历史我的名字叫利奥。我来自澳大利亚，并且我在中国教书已两年了。我在黑龙江省的省会哈尔滨教书。这是一座拥有多姿多彩历史的有趣的城市。这座城市有欧洲的一些痕迹，并且在哈尔滨的一些古老建筑物是俄罗斯风格的。自从我来到中国，我已经学到了很多关于我家族的历史。尽管我是澳大利亚人，但我的家族是犹太人。因此，对我来说知道很多年前犹太人来哈尔滨居住是很有趣的。当我告诉我的父母关于这段历史时，他们是如此惊讶。事实上，第一批犹太人可能早在一千年前就来到开封并且受到了宋朝皇帝的欢迎。当我住在澳大利亚的时候，我在学校学习历史，但我们通常学习澳大利亚和西方的历史。然而，当我听到我将去中国工作时，我开始研究中国的历史。现在我已经学习了两年多。我澳大利亚的朋友说中国的历史很难理解，但我真的不同意。我认为只要你努力学习，你将会理解任何一种文化。对于一个像我一样的外国人，我学的中国历史越多，我就越喜欢住在中国。尽管我住的离北京很远，但我肯定，在2008年北京奥运会时我一定会在这儿的！3b 我打算去澳大利亚工作。如果你那样做了，你会想念你的家人。如果她在远方工作，她会想念她的家人。第七单元Reading 你介意放低你的声音吗？如果你在一个说英语的国家待上一些时间，你可能听到这个词语“礼节”。它意味着正规且有礼貌的社会行为。起初，这似乎像个很难的词，但理解它是很有用的。礼节在每一种文化或每一个场合是不一样的。例如，在一些亚洲国家与你正交谈的人站得很近是很平常的。然而，如果你在欧洲这样做，一些人会感觉不舒服。甚至在中国，我们都知道在各种场合下礼节是不一样的。也许我们认为在自己家里大声说话是好的，但在有些地方，大声交谈是不被人接受的。例如，大多数人同意在图书馆、博物馆或是影院大声交谈是不礼貌的。即使你和朋友们在一起，在公共场所最好是压低声音。事实上，我们应当注意不要在公共场所大声咳嗽和打喷嚏。如果我们看见有人违反了礼节的规则，我们可以礼貌地给他们一些建议。也许最礼貌的方法之一是去问某人，你介意做这件事吗或您介意不做那件事吧。例如，如果有人在你前面插队，你可以问他们，对不起，请您排队好吗？如果有人在公共汽车上吸烟，我们可以问，对不起，请您把烟掐灭好吗？人们通常不喜欢被批评，因此我们得注意我们应该怎么做。 尽管礼节的规则可能常常是不同的，但有些规则几乎全世界都一样！例如，乱扔垃圾是不允许的。如果你看见你认识的人这样做，你可以问他们，请把它捡起来好吗？ 第八单元Section 2 为什么不学唱英文歌曲呢！今天许多中国人想以不同的方式提高他们的英语水平。例如，来自中国各地的24位青年歌手通过演唱英文流行歌曲的方式参加了比赛。几乎所有歌手唱得很清晰而且在舞台上看起看起来自然。这其中的一些歌手能够唱英文歌和母语歌手一样好。这些歌手真的来自中国各地不同年龄组。男声组冠军是一位来自西安的40岁的男子，女声组冠军是一位来自大连的19岁的女孩。两位获胜者都很谦虚并且说他们认为他们并不比其他歌手更好。女声组冠军江梅说学习英语帮她赢得了这个奖。六个月前，她觉得她的英语不够好，因此她不得不努力学习。她还说唱英文歌曲使得她对学习英语更有兴趣了。这种比赛鼓励中国人讲英语。许多人同意他们通过唱英语歌曲取得了进步并且快乐学英语是个好主意。你曾听过“北京说英语”节目吗？如果没有，你为什么不找到它呢？这个节目为北京人提供了对学英语感兴趣的方式。除了唱英语歌曲，还有许多其他有趣的方式学习英语。看英语电影或读英文书籍怎么样？也许你甚至能和一个母语是英语的人交朋友。如果你足够努力去寻找，你将找到一条学习英语更好的方法。第九单元Section 2 你曾去过新加坡吗？ 你曾去过新加坡吗？对于很多中国旅游者来说，这个东南亚的小岛是个度假的好地方。一方面，超过四分之三的人是华人，因此你大多数时间可以只说普通话。另一方面，新加坡是个讲英语的国家，因此那里也是你练习英语的好地方。 你曾经品尝过中国以外的中国食物吗？可能你担心在外国你不能找到任何吃的。然而，在新加坡，你将找到许多来自中国的食物；你将不费吹灰之力找到米饭、面条或是饺子。然而，如果你觉得（很）勇敢，新加坡是个品尝新食物的好地方。无论你喜欢印度食物、西方食物还或者日本食物，你都将在新加坡找到。 大多数城市都有动物园，但是你曾经在晚上去过动物园吗？新加坡有个夜间动物园叫做夜间野生动物园。在夜晚去可能看起来很奇怪。但是如果你曾经在白天去过动物园，你就可能理解这个动物园为什么如此奇特。许多动物只在晚上醒来，因此这时是观看它们的最好时间。如果你在白天去看狮子、老虎或是狐狸，它们可能在睡觉！在夜间野生动物园，你可以在比普通动物园更自然的环境下观看这些动物。 新加坡一个最大的特征是一年到头温度都几乎是一样的。这是因为这个岛很靠近赤道。因此你可以选择任何你喜欢的时间去春天、夏天、秋天或冬天！并且，当然，它离中国并不远！ Section 4你曾吃过带米饭的冰激凌吗？不，我没有！Unit OneDo you think you will have your own robot? In some science fiction movies,people in the future have their own robots.These robots are just like humans.They help with the housework and do the most unpleasant jobs. Some scientists believe that there will be such robots in the future.However,they agree it may take hundreds of years.Scientists are now trying to make robots look like people and do the same things as us.Japanese companies have already made robots walk and dance.This kind of robot will also be fun to watch. But robot scientist James White disagrees.He thinks that it will be difficult for a robot to do the same things as a person.For example,its easy for a child to wake up and know where the are.Mr White thinks that robots wont be able to do this.But other scientists disagree.They think that robots will be able to talk to people in 25 to 50 years. Robot scientists are not just trying to make robots look like people.For example,there are already robots working in factories.These robots look more like huge arms.They do simple jobs over and over again.People would not like to do such jobs and would get bored.But robots will never get bored. In the future,there will be more robots everywhere,and humans will have less work to do.New robots will have many different shapes.Some will look like humans,and others might look like snakes.After an earthquake,a snake robot could help look for people under buildings.That may not seem possible now,but computers,space rockets and even electric toothbrushes seemed impossible a hundred years ago.We never know what will happen in the future!Section B 3aIn ten years ,I think Ill be a reporter. Ill live in Shanghai, Because I went to Shanghai last yearand fell in love with it. I think its really abeautifful city.As a reporter, I think I will meet lots of interesting peoele. I think Ill live in an apartment with my best friends, because I dont like living alone. Ill have pets.I cant have any pets now because my mother hates them, and our apartment is too small . So in ten years, Ill have many different pets .I might even keep a pet parrot! Ill probably go skating and swimming every day. during the week Ill look smart,and probably will wear asuit. On the weekend, Ill be able to dress more casually. Ithink I ll go to Hong Kong on vacation, and one day I might even visit Australlia.Unit TwoMaybe you should learn to relax!Life for Cathy Taylors Three children is very busy. Their school days are busy enough.After school,though, Cathy takes the two boys from football to basketball.Then she has to take her daughter to piano lessons.The tired children dont get home until 7pm.They have a quick supper,and its time for homework. The Taylors are like many American and British parents.They take their children from activity to activity,and try to fit as much as possible into their kids lives.Doctors say many children are under too much pressure. Teachers complain about teaching tired kids in the classroom. Most children take part in after-school clubs.Activities include sports,language learning,music and math classes. Pushyparents are nothing new,but now parents seem to push their children a lot more.Parents see other children doing a lot of things,and they feel their own children should do the same. Linda Miller,a mother of three in london,knows all about such pressure.In somefamilies,competition starts from a very young age,she says.Mothers send their kids to all kinds of classes when they are very young.And they are always comparing them with other children.Its crazy.People shouldnt push their kids so hard. Dr Alice Green agrees.She also says that these children may find it hard to think for themselves when they are older.Parents are trying to plan their kids lives for them. when these kids are adults,they might find it difficult to plan things forthemselves .Parents should learn to give their kids a bit more time tothemselves .On the one hand,children need organized activities.On the other hand,they also need time and freedom to relax,and they need time to do things by themselves.Section A3aEve:I need to get some money to pay for summer camp. what shuld I do?Anna:Well,You could get a part-time job.Eve:I dont have time.Maria:I have an idea. You could borrow some money from your brother.Eve:No,he doesnt have any money,eitherDennis:Ithink you shuld ask your parents for some money.Anna:Or you could sell your CDs.Eve:No,I dont think so.I love my CDs.Dennis:Maybe you could have a bake sale.Eve:No, I cant bake.Dennis:Then maybe you should call Teen Talk,the radio advice progranm.Section B 3aDear Mary,I have a problem,and I need your help.I always thought I was popular at schoool .But I just fond out that my friends were planning a birthday party for my best friend,and they didnt invite me.Everyone else in my class was invited exept me, and I dont know why.I can;t think what I did worng.Im very upset and dont know what to do.What do you think?Can you help me?Yours,Lonely Kid Unit ThreeDo you remember what you were doing ?People often remember what they were doing when they heard the news of important events in history. In the United States, for example, many people remember what they were doing on April 4,1968. This was one of the most important events in modern American history. On this day, Dr Martin Luther King was killed in the city of Memphis in America. Although some people may not remember who murdered him, they remember what they were doing when they heard about the event. Even the most everyday activities can seem important. Robert Allen is now over 40. He was just a student at that time, but he remembers what he was doing when he heard the news. “It was a bright, sunny day.” Robert remembers. “We were having fun in the playground when the bell rang. Our teacher asked us to stop what we were doing and listen. He told us the news: Dr Martin Luther King died just 10 minutes ago! We couldnt believe it!” School closed for the day, and Robert and his friends walked home together in silence. Dr Martin Luther King s murder took place about thirty years ago, before many Americans were born. However, in more recent times, most Americans remember what they were doing when the World Trade Center in New York was destroyed by terrorists. Even the date-September 11, 2001-has meaning to most Americans. Not all events in history are as terrible as this, of course. Many Americana also say they remember what they were doing when man first walked on the moon on July 20,1969. In more recent history, most Chinese remember what they were doing when Yang Liwei became the first Chinese astronaut in space. Yang went into space on October 15, 2003. His flight around the Earth lasted about 22 hours. When he returned, he became a national hero in China, and became famous all over the world.Section A 3aDear Jack, I had a very unusual experience on Sunday.At around ten oclock in the morning.I was walking down the street when a UFO landed right in front of me.You can imagine how strange it was! An alien got out and walked down Center street.I followed it to see where it was going, and I was very surprised when it went into a souvenir shop.while it was loking at the souvenirs,the shop assistant called the police.Before the police arrived,the alien left the shop and then visited the museum of Flight. While the alien was in the museum,I called the TV station.Isnt that amazing!TedSection B 3aLinda lovese her dog Davy. They went to New York City last saturday.While Linda was buying a newspaper at the trainstation, the dog got out of his box and ran away.The station was crowded and Linda couldnt see Davy anywhere.When Linda shouted his name,some people looked at her but Davy didnt come.Then she called the police.While she was talkng on the telephone,Davey met another dog outside the station.While the police were coming,Linda walked around the station and called Davy s name.She didnt think about looking outside the station.Finally, a little boy said to her,Did you look outside?I saw a big blak dog when I came in.When Linda finally saw Davy,he was jumping and running with another dog.There was a police officer next to them.The police officer next to them. The police officer said to linda,I think my dog found your dog.Unit FourShe said helping others changed her life. Teaching high school students in a poor mountain village in Gansu Province may not sound like fun to you.However,it changed the life of Yang Lei from Beijing.The Peking University graduate first went there as a volunteer on a one-year program.The program was started by the Ministry of Education and the Chinese Young Pioneers.Every year they send 100 volunteers to teach in Chinas rural areas.Life in the mountains was a new experience for Yang Lei,Her village was 2000 meters above sea level,and at first the thin air made her feel sick.The food was very simpleteachers ate porridge three times a day.Fortunately,Yang Leis mother agreed with her daughters decision.She said that both she and her husband thought this was a good idea.Young people today need to experience different things,she said.Most of the pupils live in school dormitories.They work very hard. They get up at 5 am and read books until 11 pm.They love having the volunteer teachers there.There is no difference between you and them,saya Yang Lei.They say that we are like big brothers or sisters to them,and they feel lucky.Many children may not be able to go to senior high school or college.Families are poor and there often isnt money for education.I cant do anything about that ,but I can open up my students eyes and give them a good start in life.She said she likes being a good influence in their childrens lives.Yang lei enjoyed her times as a volunteer very much.When her year was over,she said that she would return to the area after finishing her studies.She now works as a math teacher at a high school in the city of Pingliang,Gansu province.Section B 3aDear grandma,Hows it going? I hope grandpa is well now. I was sorry to hear that he had a cold last week. I hope you are in good health.Things are fine here. I finish my end-of-year exams last week and got my report card today. I always get nervous when I see the envelope from school in the mail, but luckily I did ok this time. I had a really hard time with science this semester, and I wasnt surprised that my worst report was from my science teacher. She said I was lazy which isnt true. Its just that I find science really difficult. Another disappointing result was in history. My history teacher said I could do better. The good news is that my math teacher said I was hard-working. And my Spanish teacher said my listening was good.Well , thats about all the news I have for now. mom and dad sendtheir love.Unit FiveSection A 3aEnd of Year PartyI want you to remember the rules for school parties. Dont wear jeans! If you wear jeans, we wont let you in. Dont bring food to the party. If you do, the teachers will take it away.Dont bring friends from other schools. If you do, the teachers will ask them to leave.Dont leave the gym during the party. If you do, the teachers will call your parents.Dont run or shout at the party. If you do, youll have to leave.Please bring your ID card. If you dont have your ID card, you cant go to the party.Section B 3aIf I become an athlete,will I be happy?For many young people,becoming a professional athlete,youre be able to make a living doing something you love. If you become famous,people all over the world will know you.Many athletes give money to schools and charities,and do a lot of work to help people.This is a great chance that many people do not have. However,professional athletes can also have many problems.If you are famous,people will watch you all the time and follow you everywhere.This can make life difficult. If you play sports for a living,your job will sometimes be very dangerous,Many professional athletes get injured.And if you become rich,you will have a difficult time knowing who your real friends are. In fact,many famous people complain that they are not happy.They say they were happier before they became rich and famous.Unit SixIve been studying history in china.My name is leo,Im form australia,and ive been teaching in china for two years ,I teach in harbin,the capital of heilongjiang province,this is an interesting city with a very colorful history,there is some european in fluence in the city,and some of the old buildings in harbin are in russian style. Since I came to china ,Ive been learning a lot about my family history,although Im australian ,my family is jewish,so it was very interesting for me to learn that a lot of jews came to leve in harbin many years ago,my parents were so surprised when I told them about this,in fact, the first jews porobably came to kaifeng more than a thousand years ago and were welcomed by the song emperor. When I lived in australia ,i studied history at school but we usually sudied australian or western history.however,when I heard that I was going to work in China .I started studying Chinese history,Ive been studyying for over two years now,my friends in Australia said that Chinese history was very hard to understan,but I dont really agree. I think if you study hard, youll be able to understand any culture. For a foreigner like me ,the more I learn about chinese history the more I enjoy living in China. And although I live quite far from Beijing,Im cartain I will be here for the Olympic Games in 2008!Section A 3aIm talking to you from the Hilltop school skating marathon. Here students are skating to raises money for charity. For every hour they skate , each student raises 10 yuan for charity. The skating marathon has been going for five hours now , and seveeral skaters are still skating . Alison was first one to start and has been skating for the whole 5 hours. Next is Sam ,and has been skatingfor four hours. Li Ning has been skating for 4 hors too, and Li Chen has started one hour ago.Section B 3aDear Jack,Thanks for sending me the snow globe of the monster. I love it. In fact I think its probably my favorite. Ive been collecting snow globes for seven years, and now I have 226 of them. My mom says I have to stop, because weve run out of room to store them. Theyre all around our apartment. I even store them in boxes under my bed. The first one I ever got was a birthday cake snow globe on my seventh birthday. I particularly love globes with animals. I have a big one with bears in it and another one with penguins. If you know anyone else who collects them, please tell me. Id like to start a snow globe collectors club. By the way, whats your hobby? Love, EllenUnit SevenUnit EightWhy dont you