高考英语必备短语(A4版).doc

编 者 说 明学习任何一门语言，贵在积累，也难在积累。所有的英语词类中，动词最难也最重要；“介词是除动词之外最重要的（张道真）”。 高三第二轮复习用书所附带的热点重点难点专题解析，在“高考英语必备短语”这一部分里，25大类囊括了编者精心选择的305个词。其中动词14类，178个词；主系表结构8类，92个词（其实二类都是“动词”）；介词词组，3类，35个词。使用这个资料的目的有二个：1. 在高一、高二、高三各学段它都可以帮助我们熟悉、归纳、记忆、使用重要词组。2. 能从一个极其重要的角度直观地告诉我们如何学习英语（learn to make good /full use of phrases）。对高一来讲，也许这才是第一目的。使用建议：“25大类，305个词？”。你是不是觉得有点儿太多？不多，真不多。读书，要先把书读薄，然后再把书读厚。这是一种方法，更是一种能力和境界的变化、转换和提升。前边动词共14类，其实可分为4大类：1. 一、二、六、七；2. 三、四、五；3. 九、十、十一；4. 八、十二、十三、十四。中间“主系表结构”，十五至二十二共8大类，其实就是1类：“系动词+形容词 + 8个不同介词”。最后3大类，即二十三到二十五，就是都“含有介词in的复合介词”罢了。是真的不难吧？看完了，想透了，说穿了，一言以蔽之，就是：所有人学习任何一门语言，就是在不断地学习、积累各种各样的词组。有了学习、积累词组的意识、习惯和能力，就慢慢获得了越来越多的知识，获取知识与能力的速度与效率也就越来越高。学习者你就会进入一个更新、更高的学识与智慧的大境界。 2013.01.12.高考英语必备短语一、 接不定式（而不接动名词）作宾语的动词Afford to do sth 负担得起做某事 agree to do sth 同意做某事Arrange to do sth 安排做某事 ask to do sth 要求做某事Beg to do sth 请求作某事 decide to do sth 决定做某事Demand to do sth 要求做某事 hope to do sth 希望做某事Manage to do 设法做某事 offer to do sth 主动提出做某事Pretend to do sth 假装做某事 promise to do sth 答应做某事Refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事 wish to do sth 希望做某事-二、 接动名词（而不接不定式）作宾语的动词admit doing sth承认做某事 advise doing sth 建议做某事allow doing sth 允许做某事 appreciate doing sth感激做某事avoid doing sth 避免做某事 consider doing sth 考虑做某事delay doing sth 推迟做某事 deny doing sth 否认做某事 discuss doing sth 讨论做某事 enjoy doing sth 喜爱做某事 escape doing sth 逃避做某事 excuse doing sth 原谅做某事 fancy doing sth 设想做某事 finish doing sth 完成做某事 forbid doing sth 禁止做某事 forgive doing sth 原谅做某事imagine doing sth 想象做某事 keep doing sth 保持做某事 mention doing sth 提及做某事 mind doing sth 介意做某事 miss doing sth 错过做某事 practice doing sth 练习做某事risk doing sth 冒险做某事 stop doing sth 停止做某事suggest doing sth 建议做某事 -三、 接不定式作宾补的动词advise sb to do sth建议某人做某事 allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事ask sb to do sth请/叫某人做某事 command sb to do sth命令某人做某事arrive sb to do sth驱使某人做某事 elect sb to do sth选举某人做某事 encourage sb to do sth鼓励某人做某事 expect sb to do sth期望某人做某事 Forbid sb to do sth禁止某人做某事 force sb to do sth强迫某人做某事 Intend sb to do sth打算要某人做某事 invite sb to do sth邀请某人做某事 Leave sb to do sth留下某人做某事 mean sb to do sth打算要某人做某事Order sb to do sth命令某人做某事 permit sb to do sth 允许某人做某事Persuade sb to do sth说服某人做某事 remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事Warn sb to do sth 警告某人做某事 wish sb to do sth 希望某人做某事注：不要受汉语意思的影响而误用以下动词结构：excuse/forgive sb. for doing sth 原谅某人做某事，不说 excuse/forgive sb. to do sth.advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事，不说suggest/propose sb to do sth. wish sb to do sth 希望某人做某事，不说hope sb to do stharrange for sb to do sth 安排某人做某事，不说arrange sb to do sthdemand of sb to do sth 要求某人做某事，不说demand so to do sththank sb for doing sth 感谢某人做某事，不说thank sb to do sthcongratulate sb on doing sth 祝贺某人做某事，不说congratulate sb to do sthprevent sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事，不说prevent sb to do sth-四、 接现在分词作宾补的动词Bring sb doing sth 引起某人做某事 catch sb doing sth 撞上某人做事Discover sb doing sth发现某人做某事 feel sb doing sth感觉某人正在做某事 Find sb doing sth碰上（撞上）某人做某事 hear sb doing sth 听见某人做某事 Keep sb doing sth 使某人不停地做某事 notice sb doing sth注意某人做某事 Observe sb doing sth 观察到某人某事 prevent sb doing sth阻止某人做某事 See sb doing sth 看见某人正在做某事 -五、 接动词原形作宾补的动词Feel sb do sth 感觉某人做某事 have sb do sth 使某人做某事Hear sb do sth 听见某人做某事 let sb do sth 让某人做某事 Listen sb do sth 听着某人做某事 look at sb do sth 看着某人做某事Make sb do sth 使某人做某事 notice sb do sth注意某人做某事Observe sb do sth 观察某人做某事 see sb do sth 看见某人做某事Watch sb do sth 观察某人做某事 _六、 接不定式或者动名词作宾语意思相同的动词Like to do/doing sth 喜欢做某事 Love to do/doing sth 喜欢做某事Hate to do/doing sth 憎恨做某事 Prefer to do/doing sth 宁可做某事Begin to do/doing sth 开始做某事 Start to do/doing sth 开始做某事Continue to do/doing sth 继续做某事 Attempt to do/doing sth 试图做某事-七、接不定式或者动名词作宾语，但意思不相同的动词1. Remember to do sth 记住要做某事Remember doing sth 记得曾做过某事2. forget to do sth 忘记要做某事 forget doing sth 忘记曾经做过某事3. regret to do sth 后悔（遗憾）要做某事 regret doing sth 后悔（遗憾）曾经做过某事4. try to do sth 设法做某事 try doing sth 尝试做某事5. mean to do sth 打算做某事 mean doing sth 意味着做某事6. cant help to do sth 不能帮助做某事 cant help doing sth 禁不住做某事7. go on to do sth 做完某事后接着做另一件事 go on doing sth 继续做一直在做的事情-八双宾语易位时需要借助介词 to的动词award sb sth =award sth to sb 颁奖给某人bring sb sth = bring sth to sb 把某物带给某人lend sb sth = lend sth to sb 把某物借给某人mail sb sth = mail sth to sb 把某物寄给某人offer sb sth = offer sth to sb 将某物给某人owe sb sth = owe sth to sb 欠某人某物pass sb sth = pass sth to sb 把某物递给某人show sb sth = show sth to sb 把某物拿给某人看tell sb sth = tell sth to sb 告诉某人某事-九 可用于“v.+ sb + of sth”结构的动词Accuse sb of sth 控告某人犯某事；指责某人某事Cure sb of sth 治好某人的病；改掉某人的坏习惯Inform sb of sth 通知某人某事 Remind sb of sth 使某人想起某事Rid sb of sth 使某人摆脱某物 Rob sb of sth 抢劫某人某物Warn sb of sth 警告某人某事 Cheat sb of sth 骗取某人某物-十、可用于 “v.+ sb.+ for doing sth ” 结构的动词Blame sb for doing sth 指责某人做某事 Criticize sb for doing sth 批评某人做某事Excuse sb for doing sth 原谅某人做某事 Forgive sb for doing sth 原谅某人做某事Pardon sb for doing sth 原谅某人做某事Punish sb for doing sth 惩罚某人做某事Scold sb for doing sth 指责（责备）某人做某事Thank sb for doing sth 感谢某人做某事-十一、可用于 “v.+ sb + into doing sth”结构的动词Cheat sb into doing sth 欺骗某人做某事Trick sb into doing sth 欺骗某人做某事Force sb into doing sth 迫使某人做某事Argue sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事Talk sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事Frighten sb into doing sth 吓唬某人做某事Persuade sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事-十二、可以接 “to do sth ”结构的动词1. v. + to (prep) + v.ingadmit to doing sth 承认做了某事apply to doing sth 适用于做某事 object to doing sth 反对做某事see to doing sth 负责做某事 stick to doing sth 坚持做某事 take to doing sth 喜欢上做某事，逐渐习惯做某事2. v. + 宾语 + to (prep) + v.ingApply oneself to doing sth 专心致力于做某事Devote sth to doing sth 把用在Devote oneself to doing sth 献身于做某事Limit sth to doing sth 把限制在做某事的范围内Reduce sb to doing sth 使某人沦为做某事3. v. + n.+ to (prep) + v.ingGive ones life to doing sth 献身于做某事Give ones mind to doing sth 专心做某事 Have a dislike to doing sth 厌恶做某事Have an eye to doing sth 注意做某事 Have an objection to doing sth 反对（反感）做某事 Pay attention to doing sth 注意做某事 Set ones mind to doing sth 决心做某事4. be + 动词过去分词 + to(prep) doing sthBe used to doing sth习惯于做某事Be opposed to doing sth 反对做某事 Be reduced to doing sth 使沦为做某事Be devoted to doing sth 把时间（钱、精力等）献身做某事 Be limited to doing sth 把限制在做某事的范伟内 5. 动词短语 + to (prep) + doing sthGet down to doing sth 开始做某事Look forward to doing sth 盼望做某事-十三、容易误用作及物动词的不及物动词Deal with a problem 处理问题 Depend on sb 依靠（依赖）某人Insist on doing sth 坚持要做某事 Knock on/at the door 敲门Operate on sb 为某人做手术 Participate in sth 参加某事Refer to sth 查阅（参考）某物 Rely on sb/sth 依靠（依赖）某人（某物）Reply to a letter 回信-十四、容易误用作不及物动词的及物动词Serve sb服务某人 Marry sb 与某人结婚Discuss sth 讨论某事 Mention sth 提到某事Enter a room 进入房间 Contact sb 与某人联系Equal sth 等于某 Ring sb 给某人电话-十五、“be+ adj.+ about”结构Be angry about为 生气 Be anxious about 为担忧Be curious about 对好奇 Be particular about 对讲究（挑剔）Be serious about 对认真 Be sure about 对有把握Be worried about 对担忧-十六、“be+ adj.+ at”结构Be angry at为 生气 Be bad at 不善于Be clever at 擅长于 Be disappointed at 对失望Be expert at 在方面是内行 Be good at 善于Be mad at 对发怒 Be quick at 在方面敏捷Be skilful at 在方面熟练 Be slow at 在方面迟钝-十七、“be+ adj.+ for ”结构Be anxious for 渴望 Be bad for 对有害（不利）Be convenient for 对方便 Be eager for 渴望Be famous for 因闻名 Be fit for 合适；适合Be good for 对有益（方便） Be grateful for 感谢Be hungry for 渴望得到 Be necessary for 对有必要Be ready for 为准备好 Be sorry for 因抱歉Be suitable for 对合适（适宜） Be thankful for 因而感激-十八、“be+ adj.+ from”结构Be absent from 缺席，不在 Be different from 与.不同Be far from 离远；远远不 Be free from 没有；免受-十九、“be+ adj.+ in”结构Be concerned in 与 有关 Be disappointed in 对（某人）感到失望Be engaged in 从事于；忙于 Be experienced in 在方面有经验Be interested in 对感兴趣 Be lacking in 缺乏Be rich in 富于；在方面富有 Be skilful in 擅长于Be successful in 在方面成功 Be weak in 在方面不行-二十、“be+ adj.+ of”结构Be afraid of 害怕 Be ashamed of 为感到羞愧Be aware of 意识到；知道 Be capable of 能够；可以Be careful of 小心；留心 Be certain of 确信；对有把握Be fond of 喜欢 Be free of 没有；摆脱Be full of 充满 Be glad of 为而高兴Be nervous of 害怕 Be proud of 为自豪Be short of 缺乏 Be sure of 肯定；有把握Be tired of 对厌烦 Be worthy of 值得；配得上-二十一、“be+ adj.+ to ”结构Be accustomed to 习惯于 Be blind to 对视而不见Be close to 靠近；接近 Be cruel to 对残酷（无情）Be devoted to 献身；专心于 Be equal to 等于；能胜任Be familiar to 为（某人）所熟悉 Be harmful to 对有危害Be important to 对重要 Be open to 对开放；愿意接受的Be opposed to 反对；不赞成 Be opposite to 在对面；和相反Be polite to 对有礼貌 Be related to 与有关Be respectful to 对尊敬 Be rude to 对无礼Be similar to 与相似-二十二、“be + adj. + with”结构Be angry with 对（某人）生气 Be bored with 对厌烦Be busy with 忙于 Be careful with 小心Be concerned with 关于；与有关 Be content with 以为满足Be familiar with 熟悉；精通 Be honest with 对（某人）真诚Be ill with 患病 Be patient with 对（某人）有耐心Be pleased with 对满意/高兴 Be popular with 受欢迎Be satisfied with 对满意 Be strict with 对（某人）严格十五到二十二，共8大类，其实全都是“系动词be + 形容词adj.+介词prep.”-二十三、“in+ n. + of”结构In advance of 在前面；超过 In aid of 帮助In case of 如果；万一；以防 In celebration of 庆祝In charge of 负责；管理 In commemoration of 纪念；庆祝In defense of 保卫 In explanation of 解释In face of 面对 In favor of 赞成；主张In front of 在前面 In honor of 纪念；祝贺；欢迎In memory of 纪念 In need of 需要In place of 代替 In possession of 拥有In praise of 称赞 In respect of 关于；就而言In search of 寻找；搜寻 In sight of 看得见；在看见的地方In spite of 虽然；尽管 In support of 支持；拥护In view of 鉴于；考虑到-二十四、“in+ n. + for”结构In exchange for 作为对 的交换 In preparation for 为做准备In return for 作为的报答 In reward for 作为的报酬-二十五、“in+ n. + to”结构In addition to 除 之外 In answer to 回答；响应In contrast to/with 与形成对比 In opposition to与相反；反对In reply to 作为对的回答（答复） In response to 回答；响应In reference to 关于 In regard to 关于二点说明： 1. 为保持原书原稿的原状，对全稿二十五部分没有进行另行编序。建议/要求实际使用的时候，按照“使用建议”所述内容予以调整，以求获得更好学习效果。2. 只有英语句子的开头才能大写，词组不能大写。因为电脑默认的原因，好多处于开头的字母都成了大写。特此说明。