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Unit1 Good friends重点单词fish鱼，钓鱼 lake湖 chess象棋 piano钢琴 palace宫殿 picnic野餐 listen听 hobby爱好 worth值得 collect收集 boring乏味的 understand理解 expensive昂贵的 country国家 animal动物 popular流行的 interesting有趣的 foreign外国的 pound英镑 England英国 spare业余的 learn学习 mistake错误 Chinese中国人，汉语 重要词组play chess下象棋 play the piano弹钢琴 listen to CDs听CD listen to music听音乐 have a picnic野炊 play sports运动 come over过来 after school放学 be good at 擅长 like drawing喜欢画画 Childrens Palace少年宫 go fishing去钓鱼 like playing basketbal喜欢打篮球 on my computer在我的电脑上 in your spare time在你的业余时间 at my friends home在朋友的家里句型：-What are you going to do? -Im going to have a picnic. 你打算干什么?我打算去野炊。-What do you do in your spare time? -I like playing the piano and fishing. 你闲暇时做什么?我喜欢弹钢琴和钓鱼。I have lots of hobbies. 我有很多爱好。I dont like drawing or painting. Im not good at those things. 我不喜欢素描也不喜欢油画.我不擅长那些事情。I dont like shopping but my sister does. 我不喜欢逛街,但是我姐姐喜欢。-What are your favorite hobbies? -I like listening to CDs and cleaning. They are fun. 你有什么爱好?我喜欢听CD和大扫除.那很有意思。Candy likes playing computer games. Candy喜欢打电脑游戏。It is a popular hobby. 它是流行的爱好。Some stamps are very valuable. 有些邮票非常值钱。语法：-What are you going to do? -Im going to have a picnic. (你打算干什么?我打算去野炊。) “be going to” 结构表示将来.根据主语的不同,be动词选择与主语搭配一致的am,is或are。“be going to”后面连接动词原形。 例: Im going to make the bed.(我打算整理床铺。) He is going to play the piano.(他打算弹钢琴。) We are going to visit Mr. Smith tomorrow.(我们明天打算拜访Smith先生。)What are you going to do?I like playing the piano and fishing. I dont like drawing or painting. (我喜欢弹钢琴和钓鱼。我不喜欢画素描和油画。) (1)like后面+动名词(动词+ing),表示“喜欢做某事”。 例:The boys like playing football.(男孩子们喜欢踢足球。) His sister likes shopping.(他姐姐喜欢逛街。)(2)在前一句中,表示并列的喜好用“and”连接,在后一句否定句中则用 “or”连接.通常在一般疑问句中表并列也用“or”连接。 例:I want to play chess and listen to music.(我想下象棋和听音乐。) He isnt good at maths or English.(他不擅长数学和英语。)Im not good at those things. (我不擅长那些事情。) (1) “be good at.”表示“擅长.,做.做得好.”后面接名词或动名词。 例:She is good at chess.=She is good at playing chess.(她擅长下象棋。)(2) “be good at.”表示“擅长.,做.做得好”与“do well in”同义，后面都跟名词或动名词。 例：Tom is good at singing.=Tom does well in singing.(Tom擅长唱歌。）I dont like shopping but my sister does. (我不喜欢逛街，但是我姐姐喜欢。）该句为省略句，完整的句子应该是“I dont like shopping, but my sister likes shopping.”这样表达前后重复有累赘之嫌，故后面用“does”来代替“likes shopping”。省略的时候应该注意时态与前面保持一致，助动词选择与主语保持一致。例： He didnt come but Sammy did.(他没来但Sammy来了。） Lily cant sing well but Susan can.（Lily 唱歌不好，但是Susan很会唱歌。）Unit2 Things in the kitchen重要单词messy凌乱的 cupboard橱柜 tidy整洁的 dirty脏的 everything每件事 unhappy不高兴 fridge冰箱 sink水槽 healthy健康的 yesterday昨天 full满的 empty空的 old-new clean-dirty happy-unhappy full-empty messy/untidy-tidy重要词组a messy cupboard一个脏乱的橱柜 a tidy cupboard一个整洁的橱柜 a old fridge一个旧的冰箱 clean up打扫干净 an empty sink一个空的水槽 a full sink 一个满的水槽 dirty walls脏的墙 clean walls干净的墙 in the kitchen在厨房 all morning整个上午 on Sunday afternoon在星期天下午句型Clean your kitchen and be healthy.打扫厨房，健康生活。The fridge is old and dirty.电冰箱又旧又脏。The bin was full. The walls were dirty.垃圾桶满了。墙脏了。The cupboards and the new fridge were messy, too.橱柜和新冰箱都乱七八糟的。I was unhappy yesterday.我昨天不开心。The bin wasnt empty. The walls werent clean.垃圾桶不是空的。墙也不干净。What happened? Whats wrong?发生什么了？怎么了？What a mess.太乱了。Lets clean up.让我们打扫干净吧。In western countries, people sometimes eat French toast for breakfast.在西方国家，人们有时候吃法国土司作早餐。Mix some eggs, milk and salt.把鸡蛋，牛奶和盐混合在一起。Fry the bread on both sides.把面包的两面都烤一下。语法Clean your kitchen and be healthy. Mix some eggs, milk and salt. Lets clean up. (打扫厨房，健康生活。 把鸡蛋，牛奶和盐混合起来。 让我们打扫卫生吧。） (1)祈使句是表示请求，命令，劝告或建议的句子。其主语一般为第二人人称，但往往省略不用。祈使句一般以动词原形开头，有事为了加强语气可以在动此前加“do”，其否定式是在动此前加“dont”。例：Do be careful.(务必小心。）Dont laugh.(不要笑。）(2)以let开头的祈使句是个常见的动词句型，它的主要用法有下列三种： a.表示“建议”。 这个句型里的“let”后头紧跟第一人称的代词宾语“let me so sth.”或“let us=lets do sth.”例：Let me try. （让我试一试。）Lets do it. （让我们来做吧。）b.表示“间接命令”或“愿望”。 这句型里的动词宾语是第三人称名词或代词。例：Let Robert water the flowers.（让Robert来浇花吧。）c. “let” 的否定句有；两种。如果宾语是第三人称用“Dont let sb. do sth.”；如果宾语是第一人称，则用“Let sb. not do sth.”例：Dont let Jack ask such questions.(让Jack别问那样的问题。）Lets not go to the park before finishing our homework. （在完成作业之前，我们不要去公园。）“there be + 词组”，“there”为虚词，be后面的词组为句子真正的主语。“there be”表示“有”的概念，表达一种存在的关系，通常后面有一个地点状语，翻译成“在.地方有.”。在正式的文体中，be动词的单复数形式取决于两种情况：a. 若句中只有一个主语，主语为单数，be动词用is/was,主语为复数,be动词选择are/were。例：There was a full bin in the kitchen yesterday.(昨天厨房里有一个满着的垃圾桶。）b. 若该句中有几个并列主语，按“就近原则”处理，即与靠近be动词的那个主语保持一致。里：There is a new bridge in my house.(我家有一个新冰箱。）There were dirty walls in the kitchen yesterday.(昨天厨房的墙脏了。）The bin was full. The walls were dirty. (垃圾桶是满的。墙是脏的。）这两个句子用的是一般过去时态，表示过去的状态。句中会用到be动词的过去式：was(is/am的过去式）或were(are的过去式）。其肯定句式为：主语was/were.变一般疑问句，则把was/were大写防句首。变否定句，在was/were后面加not：例：The sink was full yesterday.(昨天水池是满的。）一般疑问句：Was the sink full yesterday?（昨天水池是满的吗？）否定句：The sink was not full yesterday.(昨天水池不是满的。）What a mess! (多么乱啊！） 感叹句通常由What或How引导，表示说话时的喜悦，惊讶等感情。“what”和“how”与所修饰的词语要置于句首，其它部分用陈述语序。（1）由“what”引导的感叹句，意为“多么”，用作定语，修饰名词，单数名词前加a/an，复数名词或不可数名词不用冠词。其结构为“What + (a/an) + 形容词名词主语谓语”。例：What a clever girl she is!（多么聪明的姑娘啊！）What an interesting story it is!（多么有趣的故事啊！）What good children they are!（他们是多么好的孩子啊！）What delicious food it is!（多么美味的食物啊！）（2）由“how”引导的感叹句：“how”意为“多么”，用作状语，修饰形容词或副词。若修饰形容词，则句中谓语动词为系动词；若修饰副词，句中谓语动词为实义动词。其结构为“How+形容词/副词主语谓语”：例：How cold it is today!(今天多么冷啊！）How nice the pictures are!（多么漂亮的图画啊！）How well she sings!（她唱得多么好啊！）How hard they are working now!（他们干得多起劲啊！）Unit3 A rainy weekend重点单词1.film电影 2 .call打电话 3.play玩 4.surf冲浪 5.jump跳 6.hold on 稍等 7.horrible令人厌恶的 8. cloud云 9.thick厚的 10.change转变 11.heavy 重的 重点词组1.watch a film看电影 2 . call our friends给我们的朋友打电话 3. play a game玩游戏 4. surf the internet上网 5. jump on the bed在床上跳 6.listen to music 听音乐 7.play the piano弹钢琴 8.paint a picture 画画 9.getfrom从得到 10.many different kinds of 许多不同种类 11.fall down 落下句型Whats the weather like? -Its raining. 天气怎么样？ 下雨了。What can we do now? -We can call our friends or watch a film.现在我们能做什么？我们可以打电话给朋友或者看电影。Hello. This is Pat. Can I talk to Tim, please? -Yes, Ill get him. Hold on.好，我是Pat。请让Tim听电话。好的。我去叫他。请稍等。Isnt it horrible weather?天气真可怕啊!What did yo do this morning? -Well, first I finished my homework. Then I cleaned my room.你早上干什么了？哦，首先我写完了作业。然后我打扫我的房间。Now, Im watching a film. How about you?我现在正看电影呢。你呢？Do you want to come over? -That would be great.你想过来吗？那真是太好了。I dont like rainy weather.我不喜欢下雨的天气。Really? Why does it rain?是吗？为什么会下雨呢？Rice, vegetables and fruit all need rain.稻米，蔬菜和水果都需要雨水。Some are thin and some are thick. 一些（云）厚，一些（云）薄。A small cloud has a little water but a big cloud has a lot of water.小云朵有一点水，但是大片的云有很多水。Clouds can tell us a lot about weather.云可以告诉我们很多关于天气的信息。Sometimes, there is too much water in a cloud. It gets too heavy and falls down.有时候，云里有太多的水。它变得很重，就落下来了。Its raining cats and dogs.正下着瓢泼大雨。It has many different kinds of weather. There is thunder, lightning, wind and rain.有许多种不同的天气。有雷，闪电，风和雨。语法1. Whats the weather like? 天气怎么样？询问天气状况的问句，还可以用Hows the weather today? 来提问。但要注意问句里be动词的形式。e.g. Whats the weather like today? 今天天气怎么样？Its rainy. 今天是雨天。What was the weather like yesterday? 昨天天气怎么样？It was sunny. 昨天是晴天。2. We can call our friends or watch a film. 我们可以给朋友们打电话或者看电影。can 是情态动词，不管主语是什么形式，其后必须跟动词原形。e.g. He can play the piano .他可以看电影。 Tim can play a game with me. 提姆可以和我一起玩游戏。3. Hello.你好。Hello. This is Pat .Can I talk to Tim, please?喂，我是帕特，我可以请提姆接电话吗？Yes , Ill get him . Hold on好的，我去叫他，请稍等一下。这是一段电话中的对话，需要注意的是，在电话中介绍自己是谁时，不能用“I am.”，而要用“This is.”句型，如介绍自己是Tom，要说：This is Tom. 我是Tom。要问对方是谁，也不能直接用：Who are you ? 而要用：Who is that ? 你是谁？这是电话对话的固定用语，请牢记。4.What did you do this morning ? 今天上午你做了什么 ？这里用了一般过去时。一般过去时，表示过去发生的行为或存在的状态。一般过去时的句子往往都会有一个明确的过去时间状语，如：yesterday , last week , this morning , last night 等。其谓语动词必须用过去式。行为动词的一般过去式变化规则行为动词的过去式有规则变化和不规则变化两种。规则动词过去式的构成有四条规则： 一般在动词原形末尾直接加上ed。如：look-looked。 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，直接加d。如：live-lived。 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed。如：stop-stopped。 末尾是辅音字母+y结尾的动词，先变y为i，然后再加-ed。如：study-studied。(2)不规则动词的过去式需特殊记忆。如：am(is)-was, are-were, go-went, come-came, take-took, have (has)-had，get-got, eat-ate, drink-drank, can-could ,feel-felt, become-became, run-ran等。5. First I finished my homework. Then I cleaned my room. Now Im watching a film . How about you?首先我完成了作业。然后打扫了房间。现在我正在看一部电影。你呢？在描述一件事情的先后顺序时，恰当地使用副词first、next、then 和 now，既能使说话人喘口气，又能使听话者感到句子的连贯性。6. Isnt it horrible weather? 天气还不糟糕吗 ？这是否定式的一般疑问句，把not 放在is 的后面起强调作用。 e.g. Isnt it an interesting story? 难道这不是一个有趣的故事吗 ？7. There are many kinds of clouds. 这儿有很多种类的云。Kind 是种类的意思，记住下面这些常用的短语： many different kinds of 许多不同种类的 a kind of 一种 all kinds of 各种各样的 what kind of 什么种类8. A small cloud has a little water but a big cloud has a lot of water. 一朵小的云里有一点水，但是一朵很大的云里有很多的水。a little: 表示“一点，一些”，含有肯定含义。. little和a little是一对，修饰不可数名词；few和a few是一对，修饰可数名词。 e.g. I have a little time to do my homework . 我还有一点时间来完成我的作业。Yang Liu has a few pens. 杨柳有一些钢笔。9. Its raining again! I dont like rainy weather .But rain is good.又下雨了，我不喜欢下雨的天气。但是雨水有好处的。这是描述天气状况的句子。要特别注意表示天气的单词的词性：sun- sunny , wind -windy ,rain- rainy ,cloud- cloudy , snow -snowy , fog -foggy等。词性不同，用法不同。如在Its raining again !句中，描述正在下雨，用了现在进行时，所以rain用了动名词形式，I dont like rainy weather。是描述天气状况的，所以用形容词rainy，But rain is good。在这句活里，rain是主语，必须用它的名词形式rain。10.Now Im watching a film.(现在我正在看电影。） 现在进行时态：表示动作现在正在进行。起结构为“主语be动词（am/is/are)+实义动词ing”（实义动词ing称为动词的现在分词形式）动词变现在分词的规则是：a. 一般直接在实义动词后ing: look-lookingb. 以e结尾的实义动词，去掉eing: take-takingc. 重读闭音节的实义动词，双写最后一个字母ing： stop-stoppingd.以ie结尾的实义动词，ie变成ying: lie-lyingUnit 4 RevisionUnit5 Dinosaurs重要单词dinosaurs恐龙 heavy重的 slowly慢的 quickly/fast快的 sharp锋利的 long长得 short短的 big大的 small小的 arm胳膊 leg腿 head头 tooth牙齿重要词组Eat meat吃肉 eat plants吃植物 drink a lot of water喝很多水 run fast/quickly跑得快 walk slowly走得慢 sharp teeth锋利的牙齿 swim quickly/fast游得快 on the Earth/on earth在地球上 live near lakes住在湖边 all die/die out灭绝 become ice变成冰 no food or water既没食物也没水 on(the)land在陆地上 have a lot of ideas有很多主意 in the air在空中 in the water在水里句型It walks slowly. It does not fly or swim. 它走得很慢.它不会飞和游泳.It ran but it didnt fly.它能跑但是不会飞.Dinosaur K ate plants. It had four legs.恐龙K吃植物.它有四条腿.Dinosaurs lived on the Earth a long, long time ago.很多年前,恐龙生活在地球上.Scientists have a lot of ideas.科学家有了很多的想法.There was no food or water for dinosaurs and they died.恐龙没有食物和水,就死掉了.Sometimes, people find dinosaur bones in the ground.有时候,人们能在地底下发现恐龙的化石.语法一般过去时态的基本用法:(1) 一般过去时态表示过去发生的动作或存在的状况,也可以表示过去的习惯,爱好.常与表示过去的时间副词连用,如:an hour ago, yesterday, last Sunday/month, just now等.含有行为动词的一般过去时态,助动词did没有人称和数的变化,其结构是: did+动词原形. 例: He went to school yesterday. He didnt go to school yesterday.(否定句) Did he go to school yesterday?(一般疑问句)(2)动词的一般过去式的变化原则:a. 规则动词的变化:b. 不规则动词的变化:do-did, is/am-was, are-were, drive-drove, eat-ate, have-had, drink-drank, ride-rode, run-ran, swim-swam, fly-flew, stand-stood, come-came, go-went, become-became, see-saw, hit-hit, put-put, hurt-hurt, get-got, forget-forgot, sleep-slept, sweep-swept, think-thought, bring-brought, catch-caught, teach-taught, buy-bought, tell-told, say-said, sing-sangThey all died. (它们都灭绝了.) all 用于三者或三者以上都.例:The students are all in the classroom.both 仅用于两个人或两件事,表示两者都.例:My mother and father are both teachers.Maybe the Earth became very cold. (可能地球变得很冷.) maybe表示也许,可能,是副词,在句中作状语,常位于句首,相当于perhaps. 而在 .may be .结构中,may是情态动词,be是系动词,二者合起来共同作谓语:例:Maybe your ruler is on the bed.=Your ruler may be on the bed.(也许你的尺子在床上.)There was no food or water for dinosaurs. (那时候,恐龙没有食物和水.)此句中,no food or water 相当于no food and no water.But the fish were afraid of him. (但是鱼很害怕他.)(1) be afraid of 表示害怕.例:Im afraid of dogs.(我怕狗.)(2) be afraid to do sth. 表示不敢做.例: Her sister is afraid to go out at night.Unit6 At animal land重要单词monkey猴子 elephant大象 giraffe长颈鹿 lion狮子 hippo河马 bird鸟 dinosaurs恐龙 panda熊猫 gorilla猩猩 zebra斑马 polar bear北极熊重要词组at Animal Land在动物乐园 watch birds in Bird Park在鸟公园看鸟 see zebras at the Zebra Zoo在斑马公园看斑马 ride through Lion Land骑车穿过狮子乐园 drive to Hippo Pool开车到河马池 stand near Monkey Mountain and see the monkeys站在猴山附近看猴子 in the Spring Restaurant在春天饭店 visit Animal Land参加动物乐园 on a train乘火车 during the day在白天期间 during the holiday在假期期间 at night在夜间 visit the animals看动物 talk to the boss对老板说 a Night Zoo夜间动物园句型-What can we do there? -We can ride through Lion Land. (在那我们可以做什么?我们可以乘火车经过狮子乐园.)Last week, Sam and I visited Animal Land.上周, 我和Sam去参观了动物园.We went to the gift shop and bought this postcard.我们去了礼品店,买了这张明信片.What did yo do at Animal Land?你在动物园做了什么?Mr Zhang worked at the zoo.张先生在动物园上班.The animals were awake.动物们醒来了.Mr Zhang talked to his boss about it.张先生和他的老板叹了这件事.They like it a lot.他们非常喜欢.语法What did you do at Animal Land, Pat? (Pat,你在动物乐园做了些什么啊?)此句型是一般过去时态的特殊疑问句形式,句中需要借用助动词did, 后面的行为动词要还原成动词原形.例:-What did you eat for lunch? -I ate fish. (你午餐吃了什么?我吃了鱼.) -Where did you go yesterday? -I went to the park.(你昨天去哪里了?我去了公园.)What about you ,Tim? (Tim, 你怎么样啊?) what about 与 how about 用法一样,表示建议或提议,后面接名词或者动名词(动词+ing)例: What about a cup of tea?(来杯茶怎么样?) What about going out for a walk?(出去散散步怎么样?)Candy and Sam rode through Lion Land on a train. ( Candy 和Sam乘坐火车穿过了狮子园.) (1)介词through意思是穿过,通过, 指的是从中穿越例: We walked through the forest.(我们穿过森林.)介词across意思是横过,常指在空间从一端到另一端,或呈十字交叉穿过例: I swam across the river.(我游过这条河.指人从河的这边游到对岸.)(2) on a train(乘火车) on the bike(骑自行车) on a plane(乘飞机) in a car(乘汽车)e/car/bus/plane/train, 但步行用 on footMr. Zhang had an idea. (张先生有了一个主意.)have an idea 表示有了主意,办法等Mr Zhang talked to his boss about it. (张先生和他的老板谈了这件事.) talk to一般指一个对另一个说. 其所要表达的是某人在说， 对方一直呈“听”的状态， 当然间或也有交流， 但是侧重于一个人说， 另一个人听的意思。talk with指两个人交谈,指谈话的双方有交流（相对来讲）。Unit7 Holiday postcard重要单词the UK=England英国 Canada加拿大 Canadian加拿大的，加拿大人 Australia澳大利亚 Australian澳大利亚人 France法国 French法语 the US=America美国 American美国人 China中国 Chinese中国人/汉语 India印度 Indian印度人重要词组Have a long holiday度长假/on holiday度假 climb the mountain爬山 take lots of photos/picture照很多相 at/on the beach在海滩上 have a lot of/lots of fun很有趣 in the world在世界上 play volleyball打排球 from.to.从.到. the Sydney Opera House悉尼歌剧院 Turtle Mountain龟山 clean land,air and water干净的地方，空气和水 enjoy yourself玩得开心句型Im going to be in the UK from January 16 to 23.我打算从1月16号到23号去英国.-Where di Mark go? -He went to Canada.Mark去过哪里了?他去过加拿大.We talked near the mountain and took lots of photos.我们在山边散步,然后拍了很多照片.We had a lovely time.我们玩得很开心.We were there for three days.我们在那里呆了三天.It was a very famous book and people still read it today.它是一本很著名的书,到现在人们还在读它.In India, he met a beautiful princess. They fell in love.他在印度遇见了一个美丽的公主.他们相爱了.Then you can find out.然后你就能找出答案.语法Im going to visit my grandpa and grandma. (我打算去看望我的爷爷奶奶.) 一般将来时态表示将来要发生的动作或存在的状态,也表示将来经常或重复发生的动作,主要形式有两种:(1)be going to + 动词原形:表示事前计划号的将要发生的事情,或打算计划,决定要做的事情.be的形式取决于主语.例: He is going to teach in Beijing next year.(他明年打算去北京教书.)(2)主语+will/shall+动词原形+.:表示未经实现考虑而将采取的行动.例: She will arrive in New York tomorrow.(她明天将到达纽约.)Im going to be in the UK from January 16 to the 23. (我打算从1月16号到23号呆在英国.) 句中from.to.表示从.到.例: Can you count from 1 to 100?(你能从1数到100吗?)Where did Mark go? How did he go there? (Mark去了哪里?他是怎么去的?) 这些句型都是一般过去时态的特殊疑问句型,其结构是特殊疑问词+一般疑问句.例: When did you take this picture?(你是什么时候照得这张照片?)We took lots of photos.(我们照了很多照片.) (1)take photos 与take pictures同义,都表示照相,拍照.表示给.拍照时,用take photos of sb./sth.例: Lets take a photo of this panda.(咱们给这只熊猫拍张照片吧.)(2)lots of 与a lot of 同义,表示很多,后面接可数名词的复数形式,或者接不可数名词.例:There were a lot of / lots of rain last year.(去年下了很多雨.) There are lots of / a lot of policemen.(有很多警察.)Enjoy the clean land, air and water! (享受这青山绿水,和新鲜的空气吧!)(1)enjoy后接名词,代词或动名词.例:He enjoys Chinese food very much.(他很喜欢中国菜.)She enjoys playing tennis.(她喜好打网球.)(2)enjoy oneself表示感到快乐,过得愉快,相当于have fun或have a good/great/nice time.例: Did you enjoy yourself at the party?=Did you have a good time at the party?(这次聚会,你觉得愉快吧?)
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