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八年级（下）新目标英语重点短语及句型总汇 Unit 1 Will people have robots?1. fewer people更少的人（fewer修饰名词复数，表示否定）2. less free time更少的空闲时间（less修饰不可数名词，表示否定） 3. in ten years 10年后（in的时间短语用于将来时，提问用How soon）4. fall in love with爱上 例：When I met Mr. Xu for the first time, I fell in love with him at once 当我第一次见到许老师，我立刻爱上他 5. live alone单独居住6. feel lonely感到孤独（比较：live alone/go along等）The girl walked alone along the street, but she didnt feel lonely那女孩独自沿着街道走，但她并不感到孤独 7. keep/feed a pet pig 养一头宠物猪8. fly to the moon飞上月球 9. hundreds of +复数数百/几百（概数，类似还有thousands of; millions of） 10. the same as和相同 11. A be different from B A与B不同(=There is a difference/Thgere are differences between A and B)12. wake up醒来（wake sb. up表示 “唤醒某人” 13. get bored变得厌倦（get/become是连系动词，后跟形容词如tired/angry/excited等） 14. go skating去滑冰（类似还有go hiking/fishing /skating/bike riding等） 15. lots of/a lot of许多（修饰可数名词、不可数名词都可以）16. at the weekends在周末 17. study at home on computers在家通过电脑学习 18. agree with sb.同意某人(的意见)19. I dont agree. = I disagree.我不同意20. on a piece of paper在一张纸上（注意paper/information/news/work/homework/housework等常考到的不可数名词）21. on vacation度假22. help sb with sth/help sb do sth帮助某人做某事23. many different kinds of goldfish许多不同种金鱼24. live in an apartment住在公寓里/live on the twelfth floor住在12楼 25. live at NO.332,Shanghai Street住在上海路332号26. as a reporter作为一名记者27. look smart显得精神/看起来聪明28. Are you kidding?你在骗我吗 29. in the future在将来/在未来30. no more=not anymore不再（强调多次发生的动作不再发生）31. no longer=not any longer不再（强调状态不再发生）32. besides（除之外还，包括）与except =but（除之外，不包括）33. be able to与can 能、会l （be able to用于各种时态，而can只能用于一般现在时态和一般过去时态中；have to用于各种时态，而must只能用于一般现在时态）例如：1.I have been able to/will be able to speak two languages. （不可以用can） 2. had to stay at home/ will have to （不可以用must）34.be big and crowded 大而且拥挤34. be in college 在上大学35. live on a space station 住在空间站36. dress casually 穿得很随意casual clothing 休闲服饰37. win the next World Cup 赢得世界杯 win award 获僵38. come true 变成现实39. take hundreds of years 花几百年的时间40. be fun to watch 看起来有趣41. over and over again 一次又一次42. be in different shapes 形状不同43. twenty years from now 今后20年 44. 本单元目标句型： 1. What do you think life will be like in 1000 years?2. There will be fewer trees、more buildings and less pollution in the future. There wont be fewer trees . Will there be fewer trees?fewer； less表示否定之意，分别修饰可数名词和不可数名词；more二者都可以修饰。 3. Kids will go to school. Kids wont go to school . Will kids go to school? No, they wont/Yes, they will。本单元语法讲解 一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。一般将来时标志词：1.含tomorrow; next ;in the future短语；2.in+段时间 3.how soon； 4. by+将来时间；be going to 与will可替换 Unit 2 What should I do? 1. too loud太大声 2. out of style过时的 3. in style 流行的4. call sb up=ring sb.up=call/ring/phone sb.给.打电话 5. enough money足够的钱(enough修饰名词时不必后置)6. busy enough 够忙 (enough修饰形容词或副词时必须后置) 7. a ticket to/for a ball game一张球赛的门票注意：the key to the lock/the key(answer)r to the question)/the solution to the problem .此处几个短语不能用of表示所有格8. talk about 谈论 9. on the phone用电话10. pay for付款11. spendon +sth.=spend.( in) doing sth. 在花钱 12. It takes sb. sometime to do sth. 某人做某事花的时间 13. borrow from从.借( 借进来)14. lendto 把借给（借出去）15. You can keep the book for a week你可以借这本书一周。（不用borrow或lend）16. buy sth for sb为买东西 17. tell sb to do /not to do sth.sth告诉某人做某事18. want sb. to do sth.=would like sb. to do想某人做某事19. find out 发现；查清楚；弄明白20. play ones stereo 放录象 21. fail the test=not pass the test考试不及格22. fail in (doing) sth在.上失败,变弱23. succeed in (doing) sth在.方面成功24. write sb a letter/write to sb.给某人写信25. surprise sb.使某人吃惊（类似有：surprise/interest/please/amaze+某人）26. to ones surprise 使某人吃惊的是.27. to ones joy使某人高兴的是.28. look fora part-time job找一份兼职的工作（不一定有结果）29. get/find a part-time job找到一份兼职的工作（有结果）30. ask sb. for寻求/向某人要某物 31. have a bake sale卖烧烤32. argue with sb = have an argument with sb.与某人争吵 33. have a fight with sb.=fight with与某人打架34. drop off离去；散去；逐渐减少;死去 35. prepare for=get ready for 为做准备 36. after-school clubs(activities)课外俱乐部（活动）l be/get used to doing 习惯做某事l used to do过去经常/常常做某事l be used for doing=be used to do sth.被用于做某事 37. fill up填补；装满be full of装满38. return sth. to sb.=give sth. back to sb.把某物归还给某人39. get on /along well with与相处很好 40. all kinds of 各种各样41. as much as possible=as much as you can 尽可能多42. take part in=join in 参加（某种活动/集会） 43. a bit =a little 一点儿（当修饰形容词或比较级时）44. a bit of =a little 一点儿/一些（当修饰不可数名词时）45. be angry with 生的气 46. by oneself=on ones own某人自己/独自地47. on the one hand一方面 48. on the other hand 另一方面49. I find/feel/think it difficult to do.我发现/感到/认为做某事很难.50. see/hear/watch sb. doing sth.看到/听见/注视某人正在做51. notuntil 直到才（谓语动词一般是非延续动词） 52. 表示某人情绪有关的形容词用法: be/become+ upset/tired/excited/interested/worried/surprised/amazed/annoyed说明：当主语是某人时，注意后面的形容词一般是-ed结尾的单词，而当主语是某物时或修饰名词时，注意后面形容词一般是-ing结尾单词.）例如:I was surprised/interested/amazed when I heard the surprising/interesting/amazing news.53 radio advice program 电台提建议的节目54 be original 新颖的55. leave something somewhere 把某物忘在某处56 sports clothes 运动服57. the same age as=as old as 和- 年龄一样58. the tired children 疲惫不堪的孩子59. complain about (doing sth) 抱怨、60.take their children from activity to activity 带着孩子参加一个接一个的活动61.try to do sth, 尽量干某事 try doing sth 试着干某事62.be under too much pressure 压力太大63.a mother of three 三个孩子的妈妈64.take part in after-school clubs 参加课后俱乐部65.compepition starts from a very young age 竞争从很小年纪就开始了 66.comparewith 和-比较67.organized activities 有组织的活动 本单元目标句型： 1. Whats wrong(with you)?/Whats the matter?2. What should I do?我该怎么办 3. You could write him a letter.你可以给他写封信 .You should say sorry to him.你应该给他道歉.4. They shouldnt argue.他们不应该争吵.J5. Why dont you talk to him about it?=Why not talk to him about it?=You should/could talk to him about it.=What/How about talking to him about it.=Youd better talk to him about it. Unit 3 What were you doing when the UFO arrived?1. in front of 在的前面（外部） in the front of 在的前面（内部）2. in the library在图书馆3. get out of/get into出之外/进入4. sleep late睡懒觉sleep well睡得好 get to sleep=fall asleep睡着5. walk down/along沿走6. take off(飞机)起飞；脱下（衣帽）7. on Sunday evening在星期日晚上注意:（特指某日如星期、假日、某月某日或某个特定的上、下午、晚上用on）8. in the tree在树上 on the tree在树上9. take photos照相10. at the train station在火车站11. run away跑开，逃跑12. as+adj原形 as和一样例如：She is (not) as beautiful as her sister. I can run as fast as he(him)13. buy/draw/make sth. for sb.为某人买/画/制作14. walk home走回家15. in history在历史上16. for example例如17. in the city of在市18. on the playground在操场上19. ten minutes ago十分钟前20. take place发生（强调必然性）21. happen to sth./sb. 发生（强调偶然性）例如：What has happened to you?=Whats the matter with you?=Whats wrong with you?22. of course=sure=certainly当然 23. all over the world=around the world遍及全世界24. outside/inside the station在车站外/内25. next to相邻，紧贴26. close to接近于；在附近27. be ill in hospital/bed生病住院/在床28. hear about/of听说（间接听到）29. in silence沉默不语 keep silent 保持沉默30. an unusual experience 一次不寻常的经历31. have fun doing sth 干某事有乐趣 have difficult time doing sth干某事有困难32. have meaning to 对有意义 33. become the first Chinese astronaut in space 成为中国第一个太空宇航员34. a national hero 一个民族英雄 35. be famous all over the world 全世界出名 36. for the first time 第一次本单元目标句型: What were you doing when I arrived/at that time/at 8:00 last night/from 9:00 to 10:00 yesterday? 1. I was doing sth. When+一般过去时的时间状语从句. 2. How about. / What about.?3. While sth./sb. was doing sth., I was doing sth. 4. 当不明飞行物着陆时，你正在干啥？What were you doing when the UFO landed?5. 当妈妈正在做饭时，我在看电视。While my mother was cooking ,I was watching TV.过去进行时（Past Progressive Tense）句型 S + was/were +V-ing例A：She was doing her homework at 8:30 yesterday evening.（昨天傍晚八点半她正在做家庭作业。）例B：We were having supper at that time.（那个时候我们正在吃晚饭。）常用于修饰过去进行时的时间副词：过去的某一定点时刻（at + 过去的时刻），then （= at that time）（那时，当时），“When/While/As”等副词从句，etc.Unit 4 He said I was hard-working1. every Saturday每周六2. first of all首先 3. bothand两者都（谓语动词要注意对称原则）4. neither.nor 两者都不（谓语动词要注意就近和对称原则）5. most of绝大多数6. an exciting week令人兴奋的一周7. agree on something同意某人的计划；对.取得 一致意见8. agree to do sth.答应/同意做9. pass on (to) 传递10. be supposed to do sth. 被期望或被要求做. .11. be mad at 对疯狂/生气12. do better in=be better at 在.方面做得更好13. be in good health 身体健康14. report card 成绩单15. sound /feel /smell /taste /look 是连系动词，一般只能跟adj.做表语16. sound like/feel like/smell like/taste like/look like听起来像/感觉像/闻起来像/尝起来像/看起来像+sb./sth.17. get over 克服；恢复；原谅18. open up 打开/展开/开发/揭露19. care for 照料；照顾；意愿；计较20. have a(surprise) party for sb.为某人举行一次（惊喜0聚会21. end-of-year exam=final exam 期末考试22. not-anymore 不再23. do a home project 做作业24. be surprisedhappyexcited to do sth 做某事感到惊讶、高兴、激动25. be get nervous 感到紧张26. have a very hard time with. 在-日子不好过27. an disappointing result 令人失望的结果28. take leave a message 捎（留）个口信29. have a big fight 30. it is a good idea for sb. to do sth31. to teach in Chinas rural areas32. feel lucky 33. people who need help 需要帮助的人34. something we can do for them 我们能为他们做的事35. there is no difference betweenand. 在。和。之间没有区别36.the Hope Project 希望工程37.fortunately本单元目标句型： 直接引语和间接引语直接引述别人的原话，叫做直接引语；用自己话转述别人的话，叫做间接引语。间接引语一般构成宾语从句。直接变间接引语中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要进行改变。把原来的时态向过去推1. Tom said to me, “My brother is doing his homework.” Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework. 2. He said, “I will buy these books.”He said he would buy those books. 3. She said to me, “You cant do anything now.” She told me that I couldnt do anything then. (1)一般疑问句间接引语 由whether或if 引导。 1.“Has he ever worked in Shanghai?”Jim asked.Jim asked whether/if he had ever worked in Shanghai.2.“Can you tell me the way to the hospital?” The old man asked. The old man asked whether I could tell him the way to the hospital. (2). 特殊疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时，仍由原来的疑问词引导。 如：“Which room do you live in?” He asked. “ He asked me which room I lived in. “What do you think of the film?” She asked. She asked her friend what she thought of the film. 3. 祈使句的间接引语当祈使句变为间接引语时，间接祈使句的引述动词常用tell，ask，order，beg，request，order等，而把直接祈使句变成带to的不定式短语。 如： 1.Jack said, “Please come to my house tomorrow, Mary.” Jack asked Mary to go to his house the next day. 2.The teacher said to the students, ”Stop talking.” The teacher told the students to stop talking. Unit 5 If you go to the party，youll have a great time!1. at the party在晚会上2. ask sb. to do sth. 请某人做某事3. stay at home呆在家4. half the class/students一半学生5. get injured受伤6. have a great time =have a wonderfulgood time玩得高兴7. take away 运走，取走 put away 收起来，放好8. all the time=always一直，始终9. make a living (by doing sth) 谋生10. in order to do sth为了做某事11. have a party 举行聚会12. go to college 上大学13. be famous for 因而著称 be famous as 作为而出名14. make money =earn money挣钱15. in fact 事实上16. laugh at 嘲笑17. too much太多(修饰不可数名词)too many太多(修饰可数名词复数)much too+形容词/副词 太18. get exercise 锻炼 注意（exercise当“锻炼”是不可数名词；而当“操”“练习”是可数名词）19. travel around the world周游世界20. work hard 努力工作21. wear jeans 穿牛仔裤22. let . in允许进入，嵌入 keepout 不允许。进入23. get an education 获得教育24. take away拿开，拿走25. study for the test 准备考试26. make some food 准备食物 make dumplings 做水饺 make the bed 整理床铺27. half the class 一半的学生28. the rules for school parties 学校派对的规则29. childrens hospital 儿童医院30. join the Lions 加入狮队31. give money to schools and charities 给学校和慈善组织捐钱 32. become a professional soccer player 成为一个职业的足球运动员33. organize the games for the class party 为班级派对准备游戏34. play sports for a living 靠体育运动为生 本单元目标句型： 1. If you do, youll2. Im going to 3. You should如果李老师去参加晚会，我们将会玩得非常高兴。 If Ms Li goes to the party, well have a great time.如果你穿牛仔裤去晚会，李老师将不会让你进入。If you wear jeans to the party, Ms Li wont let you in.本单元语法讲解if 引导的条件状语从句。 If +句子（一般现在时），+主句（主语will/may/can) +动词）a. If you finish your homework , you can go out and play.b. If I have enough money next year , I will go to travel .2. 表示真实条件、客观真理、自然现象、定理定义 . 民 间谚语等，句型是： If + 句子 （一般现在时 ），+ 主句 （ 一般现在时）.例： If you study hard ,you are sure to succeed . If you cook a banana, it becomes very soft .Unit 6 How long have you been collecting shells?1. raise money for 筹钱 2. collect stamps 集邮 3. run out of 用尽 4. by the way 顺便说一下5. on the way to. 在的路上6. be interested in 对感兴趣 7. more than=over 超过8. fly kites 放风筝9. start class 开始上课10. start a snow globe collectors club 开办雪球仪收集者俱乐部11. the most common(unusual, interesting) hobby 最普通的爱好12. listen to music videos 听音乐碟片13. organize a talent show to raise money for charity 为慈善机构捐钱而举办的才艺展示14. extra English lessons 额外的英语课15. have problems with the language 语言方面有问题16. the capital of Heilongjiang Province 黑龙江的省会17. an interesting city with a colorful history 一个有着丰富多彩历史文化的有趣的城市18. three and a half years =three years and a half三年半19. a pair of skates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeans 一双滑冰鞋/一双鞋/一副眼镜/一条裤子/牛仔裤l How much is a pair of skates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeans?= How much does a(this) pair of skates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeans cost?l How much are the skates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeans?= How much do the skates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeans cost? 本单元目标句型： 1. How long have you been skating? 你滑冰有多长时间了？ 2. Ive been skating since nine oclock./since I was four years old.我从九点一直滑到现在/我从四岁一直滑到现在。3. Ive been skating for five hours.我一直滑了五小时 。4. The more I learn about Chinese history, the more I enjoy living in China. 我对中国的历史了解得越多， 我就越喜欢住在中国。5. Was this your first skating marathon? No, I skated in a marathon last year.6. When did you get your first pair of skates?7. Alison was the first one to start and has been skating for the whole five hours.Alison是第一个开始并且已经滑了整整5个小时。8. Im talking to you from the Hilltop School Skating Marathon.9. For every hour they skate, each student raises ten yuan for charity.每滑一个小时，每位学生可为慈善事业筹集10元钱。10. Thanks for sending me the snow globe of the monster. In fact I think its probably my favorite. 谢谢你送我的怪物雪球仪。事实上，我想它可能是我的最爱。11. My mom says I have to stop, because weve run out of room to store them. 妈妈说我必须停止了，因为我们已经没有地方来存放他们了。12. The first one I ever got was a birthday cake snow globe on my twelfth birthday.我得到的第一个雪球仪是我十二岁生日得到的生日蛋糕雪球仪。13. I particularly love globes with animals. If you know anyone else who collects them, please tell me. 我特别喜欢动物雪球仪。如果你知道其他人收集他们的话，请告诉我们。14. By the way, whats your hobby?15. Im interested in the job as a writer.16. The school newspaper needs a writer. We will give you different topics to choose from. To get the job, please answer these four questions. 校报需要一个撰稿人。我们会给你一些不同的话题来选择。要得到这份工作，请回答这样四个问题。17. How many Chinese dynasties can you think of? 你能想起多少中国朝代？18. Can you think of famous characters from the history of other countries? Make a list.从其他国家历史中，你能记起一些著名人物吗？列个表。19. In fact, the first Jews probably came to Kaifeng more than a thousand years ago and were welcomed by the Song Emperor. 事实上，第一批犹太人可能在一千多年前就来到开封而且受到宋朝皇帝的欢迎。20. There is some European influence in the city, and some of the old buildings in Harbin are in Russian style.这个城市有欧洲文化的影响，而且哈尔滨的一些老建筑还是俄罗斯风格的。21. For a foreigner like me, the more I learn about Chinese culture, the more I enjoy living in China. 对于一个像我一样的外国人来说，我对中国文化了解越多，我就越喜欢住在中国。22. And although I live quite far from Beijing, Im certain I will be here for the Olympic Games in 2008. 尽管我住得离北京很远，但我相信2008年奥运会我一定在这儿。本单元语法讲解现在完成进行时：表示从过去某时开始到现在这一段时间里一直在延续的动作。现在完成进行式结构：have / has +been+ doing/1I have been writing the letter since then.从那时起我一直在写这封信。（动作从过去一直持续到现在还在继续）2I have been collecting stamps for ten years.自从10年前我就收集邮票了（动作从过去一直现在还在收集）。3 How long have you been living here?你在这儿已经住了多长时间了。（“居住”动作从过去一直现在还在继续）现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别：1现在完成进行时比现在完成时更强调动作的延续性：2如果没有时间强调，现在完成进行时表示动作仍在进行，现在完成时则表示动作已经结束，3现在完成进行时一般不适用于表状态的动词，而现在完成时则可： ，Unit 7 Would you mind turning down the music?1. turn down/turn up关小声/调大声音（电器）2. turn on/ turn off 打开/关闭（电器）3. move the bike移动自行车4. in a minute/right away/in no time立刻,马上 5. be late for school/class=arrive late for school 上学/上课迟到6. wait in line=stand in line排队等候7. cut in line=jump a queue插队 8. get mad/annoyed变得生气 9. happen to sb 发生在身上 10. half an hour半小时11. at first首先12. at last=in the end=finally 最后13. allow sb. to do /not to do sth.允许某人做/不做某事14. be allowed to do /not to do sth.某人不被允许某人做/不做某事15. in public 当众地；公开地；公然地16. in public places在公共场所 17. break the rule 不遵守规则 18. pick up捡起 19. put out熄灭 20. drop litter扔垃圾 21. keep the voice down控制声音22. do the dishes23. put on another pair of jeans24. be at a meeting25. help me in the kitchen26. make some posters27. clothing store28. followaround29. want to be polite30. stand in the subway door31. cut in line32. stand close to .33. have different ideas about34. feel uncomfortable35. in all situations36. in public places本单元目标句型： 1. Would you mind cleaning the yard? 你介意打扫院子吗?2. Not at all. Ill do it right away. 一点也不. 我马上就扫.3. Would you mind not playing baseball here.你介意不要在这打棒球吗?4. Would you mind giving me a smaller one?5. Sorry, well go and play in the park.对不起，我们到公园去打.6. Could you (please) make dinner? 请做晚饭好吗?7. Thats no problem.没问题.8. Could you (please) not feed the dog?=Would you mind not feeding the dog?= Would you (please) not feed the dog?=Please dont feed the dog,
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