新目标英语八年级下Unit.doc

新目标英语八年级下Unit 15 知识点总结 一. 知识点总结：（一）一般将来时一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或者存在的状态。通常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如tomorrow, the day aftertomorrow, next year, next month, next week, in 100 years等。be going to do （动词原形）结构：表示打算、准备做的事情或者肯定要发生的事情。如：It is going to rain.will do 结构表示将来的用法：1. 表示预见Do you think it will rain?You will feel better after a good rest.2. 表示意图I will borrow a book from our school library tomorrow.What will she do tomorrow?基本构成如下：一般疑问句构成：（1）will+主语+do? Will Sarah come to visit me next Sunday?（2）there be 结构的一般疑问句：Will there + be ?Will there be fewer trees? Yes, there will. / No, there wont否定句构成：will + not （wont）+doSarah wont come to visit me next Sunday.特殊疑问句构成：特殊疑问词will主语？What will Sarah do next Sunday?根据例句，用will改写下列各句例：I dont feel well today. （be better tomorrow）Ill be better tomorrow.1. Gina has six classes today. （have a lot of homework tonight）_2. Im tired now. （sleep later）_3. My parents need a new car. （buy one soon）_4. We cant leave right now. （leave a little later）_5. The weather is awful today. （be better tomorrow）_答案：1. Shell have a lot of homework tonight.2. Ill sleep later.3. Theyll buy one soon.4. Well leave a little later.5. Maybe itll be better tomorrow.（二）should的用法：should用来提出建议和忠告，后边加动词原形，否定句直接在should后边加not.例如：I think you should eat less junk food.我认为你应该少吃垃圾食品。She drives a lot and she seldom walks. So I think she should walk alot.她经常开车，很少走路。所以我认为她应该多走路。Students shouldnt spend too much time playing computer games.学生们不应当花太多的时间玩计算机游戏。学习向别人提建议的几种句式：（1）I think you should（2）Well, you could（3）Maybe you should （4）Why dont you?（5）What about doing sth.?（6）Youd better do sth.用should或shouldnt填空1. I cant sleep the night before exams.You _ take a warm shower before you go to bed.2. Good friends _ argue each other.3. There is little milk in the glass. We _ buy some.4. They didnt invite you? Maybe you _ be friendlier.5. I am a little bit overweight. So I think I _ do exercises everyday.答案：1. should 2. shouldnt 3. should 4. should 5. should（三）过去进行时过去进行时表示过去某一点时间正在进行的动作或者过去某一段时间内一直进行的动作。1. 构成was /were + doing，例如：I was watching TV at 9 oclock last night.at 9 oclock last night是时间点They were playing football all afternoon.all afternoon是时间段2. 过去进行时的标志词at 8 oclock last night, this time yesterday等。例如：I was having lunch at home this time yesterday.昨天的这个时候我正在吃午饭。At that time she was writing a book.那阵子她在写一本书。（表示她在那段时间里一直在做那件事情。）用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。1. This time yesterday I _ _（read）books.2. At 9 oclock last Sunday they _ _（have）a party.3. When I _（come）into the classroom, she _ _（read）astorybook.4. She _ _（play）computer games while her mother _（cook）yesterday afternoon.5. I _ _（have）a shower when you _（call）me yesterday.答案：1. was reading 2. were having 3. came; was reading4. was playing; was cooking 5. was having; called（四）间接引语形成步骤：（1）不要逗号，冒号，引号（2）要考虑到人称的变化（人称的变化与汉语是一致的）（3）要考虑时态的变化（4）要考虑时间状语、地点状语和语示代词的变化。1. 直接引语变成间接引语时，几个主要时态的变化规律直接引语 间接引语 一般现在时 一般过去时一般将来时 过去将来时现在进行时 过去进行时2. 直接引语变成间接引语时，一些词汇的变化规律直接引语1. am / is2. are3. have / has4. will5. can6. may 间接引语1. was2. were3. had4. would5. could6. might用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。1. She said I _（be）hard-working.2. Peter told me he _（be）bored yesterday.3. She said she _（go）swimming last Sunday.4. Bobby said he _（may）call me later.5. Antonio told me he _（read）a book then.答案：1. was 2. was 3. went 4. might 5. was reading请转述他人说的话：1. I go to the beach every Saturday. （Tom）2. I can speak three languages. （Lucy）3. I will call you tomorrow. （Mike）4. Im having a surprise party for Lana. （she）（五）if引导的条件状语从句结构：if一般现在时，主语将来时含义：如果，将要例如：If you ask him, he will help you.如果你请求他，他会帮助你。If need be, well work all night.如果需要，我们就干个通宵。根据中文提示，完成句子。1. 如果你参加聚会，你将会过得很开心。If you _ the party, you _.2. 如果明天下雨，我们将不去野餐。If it _ tomorrow, we _.3. 如果你经常听英文歌，你将会喜欢英语的。If you often _, you _.答案：1. If you go to the party, you will have a good time2. If it rains tomorrow, we wont go to the picnic3. If you often listen to English songs, youll like english.八年级下册新目标英语重点短语及句型总汇（一）常见动词不定式词组、句型用法总结.固定用法(非谓语动词)：以下是带to的动词不定式常见搭配希望做某事hope to do sth. 决定做某事decide to do sth. 同意做某事agree to do sth. 需要某人做某事need to do sth. 使用某物做某事use sth to do sth 迫不及待做某事cant wait to do准备做某事get/be ready to do 尽力/努力做某事try to do sth 计划做某事plan to do sth. 不得不have to do 轮流做某事take ones turns to do sth. 拒绝做某事refuse to do sth.告诉某人做某事tell sb. to do sth. 请某人做某事ask sb. to do sth.希望某人做某事wish sb. to do sth. 教某人做某事teach sb. to do sth想要某人做某事want /would like sb.to do sth.同意某人做某事agree sb. to do sth. .喜欢/想要某人做某事 like sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事help sb. to do sth/help sb.doencourage sb to do 鼓励某人做Its ones turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事 例句:It your turn to clean the blackboard.Its time(for sb.) to do sth.是某人做某事时候了 例句:Its time for me to go home.Its +adj. for/of sb. to do sth. 对于某人来说做某事是（当adj.是表示性格、品德的形容词时用of）例句: It is easy for me to learn it well. It is very kind/foolish/nice of you to do so. It takes sb. sometime to do sth. 某人做某事花了某时间 例句: 1.It takes me an hour to get to school by bike. 2.It took me an hour to watch TV last night. 3.It will take her two weeks to finish the work.too+adj./adv. to do sth. 太.而不能 例: He was to angry to say a word.find/think/feel it +adj. to do sth.发现/认为/感到做某事是 例: I find/think/feel it hard to learn English well. 序数词+to do 第.个做某事 例句:Who is the first to get there?我不知/忘记了怎么办。I didnt know/forgot what to do. 离开房间时不要忘记/记住关灯 例句:Dont forget/Remember to turn off the lights when you left the room be+adj+to do sth 例句:1.I am very sorry to hear that. 2.I am ready to help others. 3.I am happy/pleased/glad to meet you.顺口溜：本领最多不定式，主表定补宾和状；样样成分都能干，只有谓语它不敢；大家千万要小心，有时它把句型改；作主语时用it，自己在后把身藏；七个感官三使役，宾补要把to甩开；疑问词后接上它，宾语从句可充当；逻辑主语不定式，不定式前加for sb.；to前not是否定，各种用法区别开。以下是不带to的动词不定式(即动词原形)的常见用法 let sb. do sth让某人做某事 make do sth使得某人做某事 hear do sth do sth听见某人做某事 see do sth do sth看见某人做某事 why not 或why dont you +动词原形？为什么不.?（表示建议）例:Why not/Why dont you take a walk? 某人+had better( not)do 某人最好(不)做某事 情态动词can/may /must /should+ 动词原形（包括情态动词的否定形式+动词原形） 助动词do/does/did/will/would在构成疑问句或者构成否定句即dont /doesnt /didnt /will not /would not+ 动词原形 be going to + 动词原形（表示“即将”“打算” 做某事）八年级下册新目标英语重点短语及句型总汇（二）常见动名词、分词的习惯用法总结使用-ing分词的几种情况1.在进行时态中。如： 1.He is watching TV in the room. 2.They were dancing at nine oclock last night.2.在there be结构中。如：There is a boy swimming in the river.3.在have fun/problems结构中。如：We have fun learning English this term. They had problems getting to the top of the mountain.4.在介词后面。如：Thanks for helping me. Are you good at playing basketball？ What /How about doing sth? 做某事怎么样? I am interested in playing football. 5.在以下结构中1. enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事；2. finish doing sth；完成做某事；3. feel like doing sth 想要做某事；4. stop doing sth 停止做某事（原来的事）5. forget doing sth 忘记做过某事；6. go on doing sth 继续做某事（原来的事）；7. remember doing sth 记得做过某事；8. like doing sth 喜欢做某事；9. find /see/hear/watch sb doing发现/看到/听到/观看某人做10. try doing sth 试图做某事；11. need doing sth 需要做某事；12. prefer doing sth 宁愿做某事；13. mind doing sth 介意做某事；14. miss doing sth 错过做某事；15. practice doing sth 练习做某事；16. be busy doing sth 忙于做某事；17. cant help doing sth 禁不住做某事；18. waste time/money doing 浪费时间/金钱做; 19. keep sb.doing 让始终/一直做20. stop sb.(from)doing 阻止某人做某事21. prefer doing B to doing B=like A better than A喜欢做A更喜欢做B22. “do some +doing”短语如：do some shopping/do some washing/do some reading/do some practicing/do some cleaning/do some speaking23“go doing”短语去做某事（主要指文娱活动等）如：go shopping/go fishing/go swimming/go hiking/go skating/go camping/go skiing（滑雪/go boating /go hunting (打猎).注意动词的过去分词的常见搭配: I feel(am/was) excited/ surprised/ amazed /interested /tired/pleased/worried/lost Keepclosed/ a boy called/named Tom 八年级下册一至十单元词组英汉互译 unit 1to 2Unit 11.在人们家中in peoples home2.在家通过电脑学习study at home on computers3.将来in the future4.免费的be free5.活到200 岁live to be 200 years old6.一百年之后in 100 years7.一张纸a piece of paper8.更多/更少的树more/few trees9.更多/更少的污染more/less pollution10.更少使用地铁use the subway11.更多使用use sth a lot12.同意某人的意见agree with sb13.与谈话talk to/with sb14.使用某物做某事use sth to do15.在上小学be in elementary school16.住在一间公寓live in an apartment17.乘坐火箭到月球fly rockets to the moon18.爱上fall in love with19.独自居住live alone20.能够做某事be able to do sth21.去香港度假go to Hong Kong on vacation22.世界杯the World Cup23.飞到月球度假fly to the moon for vacation24.有朝一日one day25.为某人工作work for sb26.看起来精神look smart27.实现come true28.预言未来predict the future29.看见某人做某事see sb do/doing30.数以百计的hundreds of31.在太空in space32.拥有某人自己的机器人have ones own robot33.科幻小说science fiction movies34.帮助某人做家务help with the housework35.与做同样的事do the same things as sb36.叫醒某人wake up37.与交朋友make friends with sb38.某地有某人在做某事there be sb/sth doing sth39.看起来更像look more like40.一遍又一遍地over and over again41.有更少的工作去做have less work to do42.做某事有趣be fun to do43.在25年到50年之后in 25 to 50 yearsUnit 21.挡住;阻止进入keep out2.与某人就某事争吵argue with sb about sth3.与争吵have an argument with sb=argue with sb4.告诉某人(不要)做某事tell sb (not ) to do sth5.得到一份兼职的工作get a part-time job6.打开turn on7.把声音放得太大playtoo loud8.给写信write sb a letter9.给打电话call sb up10.一场球赛的票a ticket to a ball game 11.使惊讶surprise sb12.支付pay for13.从借borrow sth from sb14.为某人买某物buy sb sth15.不知道have no idea16.有同样的发型have the same haircut17.查明find out18.请家教get a tutor19.需要去做need to do20.邀请某人去做某事invite sb to do sth21.把某物落在家里leave sth at home22.做某事失败fail (in) sth23.与相处融洽get on well with sb24.与相同的be the same as25.归还某物return sth26.在字典中查找look upin a dictionary27.与打架have a fight with sb28.与比较compare with29.向抱怨某事complain to sb about sth30.感觉处于(太多的)压力之下be/feel under (too much) pressure31.买不同的衣服get different clothes32.把从一个地方带到另一个地方 take sb from 名词 to 名词33.直到才notuntil34.尽可能多地充实到孩子们的生活中来fit as much as possible into their kids lives35.屡见不鲜nothing new36.厉害地强迫某人push sb hard37.总是在做某事be always doing38.计划做某事plan to do39.一方面on the one hand40.另一方面on the other hand41.从很小的年龄开始start from a very young age八年级下册三四单元词组英汉互译（3-4）2009-05-25 09:07 Unit 31.到达arrive at/get to/reach2.在前面in front of3.在的前部in the front of4.在理发师的椅子上 in/on the barbers chair5.睡懒觉sleep late6.在电话中交谈talk on the phone7.航天博物馆the Museum of Flight8.降落在中央大街上land on Center Street9.报警call the police10.沿着街道走walk down/along the street11.起飞/脱下take off12.有一次不寻常的经历have an unusual experience13.大约在10点钟at around ten oclock14.跟着某人做某事/去某地follow sb to do/地点15.对感到惊讶be surprised/amazed at16.在树上in the tree/on the tree17.朝喊叫shout to sb/shout at sb18.在火车站at the train station19.逃跑run away20.沿着走walk around21.纽约市New York City/the city of the New York22.对说say to sb23.飞往纽约的航班the flight to New York24.在医生的诊所at the doctors25.看望住院的姨妈visit aunt in hospital26.2008年奥运会the 2008 Olympics27.记得做过/去做某事remember doing/to do sth28.在历史上in history29.在现代美国历史上in modern American history30.最重要的事件之一 one of the most important events31.听说hear about/of32.多于;超过more than33.玩得高兴have fun/have a good time/enjoy oneself34.沉默地做某事do sth in silence35.在当今时代in recent times36.被毁坏be destroyed by37.对有意义have meaning to38.在太空in space39.与(不与)一样asas/not as/soas40.环绕地球around the world41.一个民族英雄a national hero42.全世界all over the world/around the world43.因/作为而著名be famous for/as44.第一次做某事do sth for the first time45.日常活动everyday activitiesUnit 41.看肥皂剧watch soap operas2.举行一次惊喜晚会have a surprise party3.在周五晚上on Friday night4.生某人的气be mad at sb5.首先first of all6.做课外家庭作业do a homework project7.递给某人某物pass sb sth=pass sth to sb=pass on sth to sb=pass sth on to sb8.在公共汽车站at the bus stop9.理应做某事be supposed to do10.擅长be good at=do well in11.很抱歉做某事be sorry to do sth12.感冒have/catch a cold13.身体健康be in good health14.一次期末考试an end-of-year exam15.在某事方面感到费劲have a hard time with16.做某事很吃惊be surprised to do17.捎去某人的问候send ones love18.到现在为止for now19.抄袭别人的家庭作业copy others homework20.传些口信pass on some messages21.大打一架have a big fight22.忘记去做某事forget to do23.养成一个坏习惯start a bad habit24.克服get over25.改变某人的生活 change ones life=change the life of sb26.在一个贫困的山村in a poor mountain village27.听起来像sound like28.一个北京大学的毕业生 a Peking University graduate29.一个为期一年的计划a one-year program30.由发起be started by31.教育部the Ministry of Education32.派人去做某事send sb to do33.对某人来说是一个新的经历 be a new experience for sb34.海拔2000米2000 meters above sea level35.使某人觉得恶心make sb feel sick36.经历不同的事experience different things37.打开某人对外面世界的视野 open up ones eyes to the outside world38.给某人生活一个好的开始 give sb a good start in life39.在某人的生活中有一个好的影响 be a good influence in ones life40.关爱地球母亲care for “Mother Earth”41.无国界医生Doctors Without Borders42.濒危野生动物wild animals in danger43.处于危险之中be in danger44.脱离危险be out of danger 八年级下册五至七单元词组英汉互译（5-7）2009-05-25 09:06Unit 51.去参加晚会go to the party2.玩得高兴have a great time3.让某人进let in4.备考study for ones test5.一半的同学half the class6.岁末晚会end of year party7.穿牛仔裤wear jeans8.把拿走take away9.在晚会期间during the party10.校大扫除school clean-up11.儿童医院探视Childrens Hospital visit12.环球旅行travel around the world13.获得教育get an education14.足球代理人professional soccer player15.谋生make a living16.似乎seem like sth/doing sth17.梦想的职业dream job18.捐给慈善机构giveto charity19.一直all the time20.受伤get injured21.很难做某事have a difficult/hard time22.实际上in fact23.能够be able to/can24.手机mobile phone25.与某人度过时光spend time with sbUnit 61.收集贝壳collect shells2.滑冰马拉松skating marathon3.你第一双滑冰鞋your first pair of skates4.募捐raise money5.整整五小时the whole five hours6.三年半three and a half years7.填充动物玩具stuffed animals8.妖怪雪球snow glob of the monster9.用光run out of10.在我十七岁生日时on my seventeenth birthday11.顺便说一下by the way12.最常见的the most common13.送某人某物send sb sth14.才艺表演a talent show15.额外的英语课extra Englsih class16.古币old coins17.自由话题free topic18.想起think of19.著名人物famous characters20.黑龙江省会the capital of Heilongjiang Province21.具有丰富多彩的历史with a colorful history22.欧洲的影响European influence23.苏联风格in Russian style24.家史family history25.惊奇be surprised26.受到的欢迎be welcomed by27.宋朝皇帝the Song Emperor28.西方历史western history29.越越the+比较级the +比较30.确信be certain that/to doUnit 71.介意做某事mind doing sth2.调小/大turn down/up3.洗餐具do the dishes4.从里出来get out of5.立即right away/at once6.一会儿in a minute7.在开会be at the meeting8.完成这些工作finish these tasks9.在厨房里in the kitchen10.帮某人做某事help sb do/with sth11.抱怨complain about sth12.商店职员store clerk13.给你拿错了食品bring you the wrong food14.不好使dont work15.恼怒get annoyed16.排队等候wait in line17.长时间的电话聊天 have a long telephone conversation18.到处跟着我follow me around19.回到go back to20.一直all the time21.碰巧发生在某人身上happen to sb22.试着不做某事try not to do sth23.加号cut in line24.有点晚a bit late25.定购食物order food26.压低你的声音keep your voice down27.讲英语的国家English-speaking country28.社会行为social behavior29.与某人站的近stand close to sb30.亚洲国家Asian country31.在各种条件下in all situations32.即使even if33.当众in public34.小心take care to do sth35.熄灭香烟put out the cigarette36.被批评be criticized37.扔垃圾drop litter38.捡起pick up39.表现礼貌behave politely40.依靠depend on41.地方报纸local newspaper八年级下册八至十单元词组英汉互译（8-10）2009-05-25 09:05Unit 81.幸运儿lucky guy2.做一顿特别的饭make a special meal3.你自己的选择your own choices4.大腹便便的猪a pot-bellied pig5.好伙伴good company6.带某人出去take sb out to do7.睡着fall asleep8.半途中half way9.树上的一片叶子a leaf from a tree10.赠送give away11.公园长椅park bench12.试着做某事try to do sth13.通过不同的方式in different ways14.来自于中国各地from across China15.在舞台上on stage16.各种年龄层all age groups17.鼓励某人做某事encourage sb to do sth18.取得进步make progress19.奥委会the Olympic Committee20.从中得到乐趣have fun with sth21.讲本族语的人native speakers22.使某要对某事感兴趣make sb interested inUnit Nine 1.太空博物院 space museum2.游乐场 amusement park3.水上乐园 water park4.曾经到过某个地方 have been to5.到某个地方去了 have gone to6.呆在某个地方 have been in7.既不 也不；两者都不 neither nor8.听说 hear of9.迪斯尼人物 Disney character10.主题公园 a theme park11.当然 of course12.过山车 a roller coaster13.以为主题 be themed by14.四处走动 walk around15.总是一直 all the time16. 迪斯尼巡游 Disney Cruise17.兜风 take a ride18.在船上 on board19.走不同的路线 take different routes20.结束 end up21.空中乘务员 a flight attendant22.导游 a tour guide23.象这样的 such as24.考虑 think about25.胜于，而不是 rather than26.在东南亚 in Southeast Asia27.度假 take a holiday28.在一方面 on the one hand29.在另一方面 on the other hand30.超过 多余 more than31.四分之三 three quarters32.三分之一 one third33.做某事有困难 have some problem doing34.不管 还是；whether or35.夜狩 night safari36.在白天 during the daytime37.在更自然的环境里 in a more natural environment38.全年 all year round39.靠近 be close toUnit Ten 1.闲聊 small talk2.祝一天愉快 have a good day3.浏览；粗略看一遍 look through4.排队等候 wait in line5.穿过一条繁忙的街道 cross a busy street6.开场白 open questions7.感谢函 Thank-you note8.想要 feel like9.出现；陪伴 come along10.融洽相处get along11.想起 think of12.有一个家宴 have a family dinner13.交通拥挤 heavy traffic14.至少 at least新目标英语八年级下学期重点短语与句型 unit 1 to 52010-02-13 15:18Unit 1 Will people have robots?1.There will be sth.= There is /are going to be sth. 将有.2.be free 空闲的 3.on computer 在电脑上 4.live to be + 岁数 活到5.fewer +可数名词复数 更少 6.less +不可数名词 更少的 7.(many /much) more +可数名词复数/不可数名词 更多的 8.be crowded 拥挤的9.in five years 五年后(一般将来时) 10.five years ago 五年前(一般过去时)11.Sb will be +职业 某人将成为 12.live in 住在13.fly to the moon 飞到月亮上 14.fall in love with 爱上 15.be able to do sth =can do sth 能做16.keep a pet 养宠物17.What will the weather be like tomorrow ?明天天气将会怎么样？18.come true 实现 19.hear of 听说20.in the future 在将来21.help sb (to) do sth = help sb with +名词 帮助某人做22.hundreds of 数百23.thousands of 数千24.try to do sth尽力做25.try not to do sth尽力不做26.make/let sb +动词原形 让某人做27.the same as 与相同28.look like 看起来像 29.wake up 醒来30.Its +形容词+(for sb)+to do sth 对某人而言，做某事是的31.over and over again 反复，一遍又一遍32.There be sb/sth +doing +地点 某处有在做33.look for 寻找Unit 2 What should I do?1.want sb to do sth =would like sb to do sth 想要某人做2.argue with .和争吵 3.out of style 过时 4.in style 流行的5.adj/adv +enough足够的 6.enough +n 足够的7.Whats wrong with ? =Whats the matter/trouble/problem with? 某人/某物怎么啦？8.call sb up =call sb 给某人打电话 9.a ticket to a ball game 一场球赛的票10.write sb a letter =write a letter to sb 给某人写信11.on the phone 在电话上12.talk about 谈论 13.be surprised at sth/doing sth 对感到惊讶14.get a part time job 找到一份兼职工作 15.borrow sth from 从借到16.lend sth to sb 把借给 17.ask sb for sth 向某人请求18.either也 否定句句末 too 肯定句句末 19.buy sth for sb = buy sb sth 为某人买20.like to do sth /like doin