中考专项复习-形容词、副词.doc

中考英语专项复习形容词、副词篇形容词形容词用来修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的性质、特征或状态。考点1、形容词的用法1).形容词作定语，修饰名词或不定代词。The tall man is her father.There is something wrong with my bike.2).形容词作表语，放在连系动词之后。His hair gets white.The film was wonderful.3)大多数形容词既可作定语又可作表语，但有少数形容词只能作表语，所以又把这些形容词叫作表语形容词，其特点就是这些形容词常常是以a开头的Afraid ,alone ,asleep ,awake ,alive, alike,ill ,wellThe baby is asleep.Turn down the TV, please.Take this medicine and youll get well soon .4).形容词作宾补，放在宾语之后，与之构成复合宾语。We must keep our classroom clean.Dont leave the door open.5)某些形容词前加定冠词表示一类人或物，为复数概念，在句中起名词作用，可作主语或宾语。The young should be polite to the old .考点2、形容词在句中的位置1).形容词修饰名词时，要放在名词的前面，作其定语。The population will become a big problem.He is a strong man.2)形容词修饰不定代词，要放在不定代词的后面，作其后置定语I have something important to tell you .3)enough作形容词修饰名词时，多放在名词之前，在非正式文体中也可放在名词之后。但enough作副词用于修饰形容词、副词时，要放在被修饰词的后面。enough time (time enough)He ran fast enough to catch up with the others.4)形容词短语作定语要放在被修饰词的后边，作后置定语。但复合形容词作定语时，要放在被修饰词前。a basket full of eggs a river fifty meters widea ten-year-old boy a two-month holiday考点3、形容词的比较级和最高级1).大多数形容词有原级、比较级、最高级三种形式。构成方法原 级比较级最高级规则变化单音节词在词尾加-er,-estsmallsmallersmallest单音节词以e结尾只加-r,-stfinefinerfinest重读闭音节词尾只有一个辅音字母，应先双写这个辅音字母，再加-er,-estbighotbiggerhotterbiggesthottest以“辅音字母+y” 结尾的双音节词,先变y为i，再加-er,-estHappyeasyHappiereasierHappiesteasiest规则变化以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词，在末尾加-er,-estclevernarrowcleverernarrowercleverestnarrowest其他双音节词和多音节词，在原级前加moer,mostdeliciouscarefulmore deliciousmore carefulmost deliciousmost careful不规则变化good/wellbad/illmany/muchlittlefaroldbetterworsemorelessfarther/furtherolder/elderbestworstmostleastfarthest/furthestoldest/eldest2).形容词比较等级的用法形容词比较等级分为原级、比较级、最高级三种形式。现将其经典用法归纳如下：（1）、原级的用法句中只出现了一个人或物，没有比较对象时，要用原级。She has a new computer.表示A和B两者比较，程度相同。用句型:A+系动词+as+形容词原级+as+BTom is as honest as John.表示A和B两者比较，A在程度上不如B时,用句型:A+系动词+not+as/so+形容词原级+as+BThe weather in Beijing is not as/so hot as that in Wuhan.需注意的原级的用法：表示倍数的句型：A+系动词+数词（times）+as +形容词原级+as +BThis garden is ten times as large as that one. asas possible（表示“尽可能”）Please hand in your homework as soon as possible.（2）、比较级的用法两者比较，用比较级。其句型为：A+系动词+形容词的比较级+than+B需注意的比较级的用法：在比较级前面还可用much,even,still,a little等词语来修饰，表示“.的多”“甚至.”“更. ”“ .一些”表示倍数：A+系动词+数词（times）+形容词的比较级+than+BOur room is twice larger than theirs.表示“大岁”时用“表示数量的词+比较级”来表示。Im two years older than you .“比较级+than any other+单数名词”表示“比其他的任何都”“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越”China is becoming more and more beautiful.“the+比较级，the+比较级 ”译为“越.就越”The busier he is , the happier he feels.“the+比较级+of the two” 译为“两个中比较的”He is the better of the two.“Which(who) is +比较级，A or B ?”译为“A和B哪一个更？Which one is more popular,the radio or the movie ?（3）、最高级的用法表示三者或三者以上（人或物）的比较，其中有一个在某一方面超过其他两个或几个时,用最高级。常用句型：A+系动词+ the+形容词最高级+ of/inof the four of all of all the boys of usin China , in the world in our school in my family注意：当用介词短语表示形容词最高级的比较范围时，介词后的名词或代词与句中的主语是同一类事物，并把主语包括在内时，介词用of ，当只说明是在某一空间范围内的比较时，介词用in。需注意的比较级的用法： one of the+最高级+复数名词,表示“最.之一”。Shanghai is one of the most beautiful cities in China. Which(Who) is +the +最高级, A , B or C ?意指三个或三个以上的事物或人中“哪一个（谁）最.？”我们可以用原级、比较级、最高级三种方式分别来表示最高级No other student in her class is as good as she She is better than any other student in her class.She is the best student in her class.副词1、副词的用法1).修饰动词作状语，位于动词后。He walked quietly into his bedroom.It is raining hard .2).修饰形容词作状语，位于形容词前。You have a very nice watch.The machine is too heavy.3).修饰另一副词作状语，位于另一副词前。You walked too slowly,I couldnt wait for you.4).作表语，位于系动词之后。How long will she be away?Is your mother in ?5).作宾语补足语，位于宾语之后。Ask him in .I saw him out .6).作定语，位于名词后。the girl here the boy over there the man upstairs on ones way home考点2、副词的位置1、 频率副词的位置常见的频率副词有：always,often,usually,sometimes,never,ever,hardly,seldom.它们一般在系动词、情态动词和助动词之后，行为动词之前.He always goes to school on foot.She has never been to Beijing.She is often late for work.2、 表示方式的副词的位置与方式相关的副词，这类词通常由形容词+ly转化而来。如safely,quietly,quicklypolitely loudly luckily happily easily carefully slowly suddenly以及fast,late,hard,early等。此类副词位于动词之后，如果是及物动词一般位于宾语之后。The childern are dancing happily.They work hard.The students did their homework carefully.3程度副词的位置与程度相关的副词有：very much only quite as too toofor,tooto do well almost even a little enough rather a lot so,such badly nearly further really widely hardly a bit等。它们一般位于被修饰的词前面，但enough要放在被修饰的词后面。I can hardly know her name.The cake is so deliciousHe was badly hurt .He worked hard enough.4表时间、地点、方向的副词位置（1）与时间相关的副词有: ago ,already, before, early, long, late, just, now, once, soon,since, today, tomorrow ,tonight ,yesterday, yet等。它们通常位于句末，有些也可位于句中如：already等。Theyll come back soon.He lived here ten years ago .They have finished the work already.=They have already finished the work.（2）与地点、方向相关的副词经常位于动词之后与动词搭配构成短语动词。come back turn left go out5其他副词常用的疑问副词：how,when,where ,why 等以及perhaps,maybe,instead等,通常用于句首。Maybe/Perhaps he is at home.How did you go there ?When was he born ?考点3、副词的比较等级1、 副词比较等级的构成（1） 副词的比较等级与形容词相似，也有比较级和最高级。（2） 绝大多数的副词比较级和最高级都是在其前面加上more和most构成的，有少数单音节和个别双音节的副词是在末尾加er , est 构成。slowly- more slowly- most slowly carefully-more carefully most carefully fast-faster-fastest （3） 还有一些副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的。例如：well-better-best badly-worse-worst far-farther/further-farthest/furthestmuch more-most little-less-least2、 副词比较等级的用法（1） 副词的同级比较用 (not)as+副词原级+as .Jim did the work as well as Lilei.I cant run as fast as you .（2） 两者之间进行比较常与than连用。He speaks English better than you .Tom works harder than Jim .(3). 表示三者、三者以上之间的比较用副词最高级，用不用定冠词the皆可，通常有一个表示范围的短语。例如：The boy writes most carefully of the four.Jim did worst in the exam in his class yesterday.练习： 基本型用所给单词或汉语提示的适当形式填空：1. John is _(tall) than Sam. 2. Lin Lin is the _ (young) in our class. 3. the man took off his shoes and put them under his bed very _(quiet). (1999辽宁)4. Ann felt very _ (happy) at her birthday party.5. Which is _ (far) from us, the sun or the moon? 6. She looks _ (thin) than me. 7. It snowed _ (heavy) last night and now the streets are covered with snow. (1998上海)1. Mr. Benson seems to be the _ (busy) man in the world. 2. “The sooner, the _ (good)”, Uncle Wang said. 3. Jack has the _ (little) bread of the three boys. 4. We dont think their classroom is _(干净) than ours.5. Meimei walks as _ (慢) as Lily does. 6. Whos _(好) than you at English in your class? 7. The teacher asked us to take a _ (仔细) look at everything in the lab.8. Shanghai is one of the _ (大) cities in the world. 9. Which is the _ (beautiful) skirt of the three? 10.The sick man is getting _ (ill). 11.The meat smells _ (坏). Please take it away. 12.The wind is blowing _ (strong). 13.Whos _(高), Lucy or Lily? 14.She didnt do her homework _(仔细). 15.Your bag is much _ (轻) than mine. 16.How _ (大) the rain is! 17.Of all the students Li Hua lives _ (远). 提高型1. My _ sister is two years _ than I.A. older; older B. elder; elder C. older; elder D. elder; older2. Can you do your work with _ money and _ people?A. less; few B. less; fewer C. little; less D. few; less3. I didnt know which was _, so I took them both.A. good B. better C. best D. the best4. There was _ house in front of the hill.A. a wooden old fine B. an old wooden fineC. a fine old wooden D. an old fine wooden5. The population of Beijing is larger than _ Shengzhen.A. / B. the one in C. that of D. those of6. What an _ story! Im _ in it.A. interested; interesting B. interesting; interestedC. interested; interested D. interesting; interesting7. The jacket is _ nice, but its _ more expensive than that one.A. much; much B. very; very C. much; very D. very; much7. After tunning She is too tired to walk _.A. farther B. further C. farthest D. furthest8. Do you think the chicken tastes _?-She cooked it _, I think.A. good; good B. well; well C. well; good D. good; well9. Li Lei is running _ now.A. more and more slowly B. slowier and slowierC. slowly and slowly D. more slowly and more slowly10.Lin Tao speaks English very well, and _.A. so does his friend B. his friend does so C. so did his friend D. so he did11.He worked _ quietly _ no one knew he was there.A. so; as B. so; that C. very; that D. too; to12.You must be more _, Jim. Look, you didnt write _.A. carefully; careful B. careful; carefully C. careful; careful D. carefully; carefully13.The twins are together most of the time. So they never fell _.A. lonely B. alone C. happily D. friendly14.New York is _ in the United States.A. larger than any city B. larger than any other cityC. bigger than any cities D. biggest of all the cities15.This street is much _ than that one. A. straight B. straighter C. straightest D. more straighter16.Of the two pencil-boxes, the boy chose _ expensive one. A. less B. the least C. the less D. the most17.Would you please say it _? I still cant follow you. A. more slow B. much slow C. more slowly D. much slowly18.This kind of skirt looks _ and sells _. A. nice; well B. nice; good C. well; well D. good; nice19. How was the weather yesterday? -It was terrible. It rained _. People could _ go out. A. hardly; hardly B. hardly; hard C. hard; hard D. hard; hardly20.He hurt her so _ that she cried. A. bad B. badly C. hardly D. worse21.The girl is _, but her younger sister is even _. A. tallest; taller B. taller; tallest C. tall; tallest D. tall; taller22.This chair is not _ for him to _. A. strong enough; sit B. enough strong; sit C. enough strong; sit in D. strong enough; sit on23.Tom does everything _, so his teacher speaks _ of him. A. careful; high B. carefully; highly C. careful; highly D. carefully; high24.You dont look so _ as usual. Youd better go and see a doctor at once. A. well B. good C. nice D. bad 综合型1.The little baby looks _. A. lovely B. carefully C. heavily D. sadly2. The Chinese people are _ than you think. A. friendly B. more friendly C. very friendly D. as friendly3. Everything is _ on the moon than on the earth. A. much more lighter B. much more lightC. more lighter D. much lighter4. She is _ careful as I, but Im _ than you. A. as; much careful B. so; more carefulC. as; much more careful D. so; very careful5. I think science is _ foreign languages. A. so difficult as B. as difficult asC. very difficult than D. much difficult than6. Allan is one of _ popular teachers in the school. A. more B. the more C. most D. the most7. I dont think Unit 3 is more difficult. I think its _. A. more easily B. more easier C. much easily D. much easier8. No one runs as fast as John in his class. The sentence means _. A. John runs fastest in his class.A. John runs faster than any other boy in his class.B. John runs more slowly than any other student in his class.C. John runs as fast as others in his class,9. Which do you like _, tea, orange or water? A. good B. well C. best D. better10. Of all the apples Jims is _. A. the bigger B. the biggest C. bigger D. biggest1. Maths _ one of the _ subjects in middle school. A. are; important B. is; most important C. is; more important D. are; much important2. What a _ cough! You seem _ ill. A. terrible; terribly B. terribly; terrible C. terrible; terrible D. terribly; terribly3. The Yellow River is _ river in China.A. the two long B. the second longer C. the second longest D. two longest4. Do you have a big library?-No, we dont, at least, not _ yours.A. bigger as B. as big as C. as big than D. as bigger than5. There are a lot _ people today than yesterday.A. of B. most C. much D. more6. She has been ill since last week. How is she now?-She is _ today.A. worse B. iller C. worst D. much more ill7. John has three sisters. Mary is the _ of the three.A. most cleverest B. more clever C. cleverest D. cleverer8. It takes a long time to go there by train; Its _ by road!A. quick B. the quickest C. much quick D. quicker9. The horse is getting old and cannot run _ it did.A. as faster as B. so fast than C. faster D. so fast as10.I believe that _ you work, _ result (结果) youll get.A. the harder; the better B. the harder; a betterC. the more hard; the more better D. more hard; more better11.Though Li Ming and Li Hua are twin brothers, they look _. A. same B. the same C. difference D. different12.Queshi Bridge is the second _ bridge in Shantou. A. large B. long C. longer D. longest13.单词拼写：How _ (大) the rain is! 14.同义句转换：The coat cost so little that I bought it. (用肯定句转换) The coat _ _ _ for me to _.15.完成句子：我们相信，诚信（honesty）会使汕头更加美好。 We _ _ that honesty will make Shantou _ _.16.完成句子：唯有健康是最重要的。_ _ health is the _ _. Key:基本型1. taller 2. youngest 3. quietly 4. happy 5. farther 6. thinner 7. heavily1. busiest 2. better 3. least 4. cleaner 5. slowly 6. better 7. careful 8. largest 9. most beautiful 10. worse 11. bad 12. strongly 13. taller 14. carefully 15. lighter 16. heavy 17. furthest提高型110 DBBCCBDADAA 1124 BBABBCCADBDDBA综合型110 ABDCBDDACB112 BACBDACDDADD 13. heavy 14.was cheap enough buy 15. are sure more beautiful 16. Only the most important