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Module 2 Fantasy Literature单元学习目标Topic: fantasy literatureKey words: behave doubt hesitate awake marry punish appeal flesh power possessKey phrases: play a part in, come up to, keep ones eyes on, fix on, ahead of, set outGrammar Focus: Adverbial clauses with ingFunction: Telling a storyEveryday English: go on/ give me a moment/ See what I mean?/ fortunately/ Its your turn./Im stuck./ Look at the time.导学案 1 Introduction, Reading and Vocabulary (Pages15-17 )一、重点词汇vanish v. 消失 stupefied adj. 神志不清的，昏昏沉沉的 exhaustion n. 疲惫 clear v. 使清晰 tabby n.斑猫 rub v.摩擦，蹭 knuckle n. 指节，掌指关节 behave v. 表现 longing n.渴望 scald n.热泪盈眶 eventually adj. 最后 territory n.领地 patrol n. 巡逻 mouse-mice n.老鼠 pad n. 步行，放轻脚步走 bush n. 灌木 hornbeam n. 角树 paw n. 爪子 pat n.轻打，轻拍 invisible adj. 看不见的 leap-leapt/leaped-leapt/leaped adj. 跳跃 backwards adv.向后arch n.拱起 fur n. 毛皮 tail n. 尾巴 stiffly adj. 僵硬地 alertly adj. 警觉地 approach n.靠近 spot n. 地点，污点v. 认出 patch n.小块，斑 hedge n. 灌木 alarm n.惊恐 sniff v. 闻，嗅，用鼻吸气 whisker n.胡须 twitch v.抽动，颤动 curiosity n. 好奇心 overcome v. 战胜 wariness n. 谨慎，小心 blink v.眨眼睛 truck n. 树干 investigate v. 调查 angle n. 角度 edge n. 边缘 roughly adj. 大概地，粗略地square adj. 正方形的 n. 广场 level n.水平 adj.同等高度的 profoundly adv.深深地 alien adj. 完全陌生的，外来的entice v.吸引，诱使 stoop v. 弯腰 swim v. 头昏眼花 thump v. 怦怦直跳 hesitate v. 犹豫 scramble v.爬，攀 fabric n. 结构 palm n. 棕榈树boulevard n. 林荫大街 utterly adv. 完全地 beneath prep. 在之下 scent n. 气味，香味prospect n. 景色，视野 slope n. 斜坡 parkland n. 公共绿地 grove n.树丛gleam n. 亮光，反光 bare adj. 光秃秃的 definitely n. 一定地 bend v.弯腰shudder n. 战栗，发抖 dawning adj. 开始出现的 light-headedness n. 头晕 dream v.做梦awake adj. 醒着的二、短语翻译在起重要作用play an important part in 因疲劳、厌倦神志不清be stupefied with也许做过某事might have done 放下、记下put down伸出hold out/reach out 朝走过来 come up to走开 turn away 举止奇怪behave curiously对视而不见be invisible to 竖直, 连续 on end 站着静止不动stand still 向扩展sweep over注视、盯着看keep / fix ones eyes on 搜索、搜寻cast about看上去似乎look as if 在形状上是方形的square in shape与等高be level with 没有一丝疑惑without the slightest doubt发现自己正站在find oneself standing 排成一行 in a line弥漫在、充满着 be laden with 在脚下 at the foot of 照在上shine down over 四处寻找look around for、三、长难句结构分析:1. She reached out a paw to pat something in the air in front of her, something quite invisible to Will.something在句中作_, 与前边的 something 是_关系.同位语是用来对名词或代词作进一步的解释,它可以是一个词,短语或从句(同位语从句).Our monitor, Li Ming, went to the teachers office just now.The thought came to me that I would invite her to McDonalds.Have you heard the news that Mary has got a job?pat-patted-patted v.轻拍，爱抚The old man patted the boy on his head. ( )The old man patted the boy on the head. ( )pat/hit/strike/hold/seize/catch+某人+in/on/by+the+身体部位2. But this was the centre of a broad boulevard, and at the side of the boulevard was a line of cafes and small shops./ Just beside him was that bare patch in the air, as hard to see from 这两句话都使用了全部倒装结构全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有：1) here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run。There goes the bell. Then came the chairman. Here is your letter.2) 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。Out rushed a missile from under the bomber. Ahead sat an old woman.注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。 Here he comes.Away they went.3. Then she leapt backwards, back arched and fur on end, tail held out stiffly.本句为简单句句中back arched and fur on end, tail held out stiffly为独立主格结构，做伴随状语独立主格结构的特点：（1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在（2）名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，副词，不定式，介词短语等是主谓关系（3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句隔开（4）独立主格结构可以改为状语从句，并列句或分词短语结构独立主格结构构成：名词主格代词+现在分词Time permitting, we can finish the work.名词主格代词+过去分词All things considered, her suggestion is of greater value than yours.名词主格代词+不定式The teacher to help us, we will succeed.名词主格代词+形容词副词Everything (being) ready, they started out./ The meeting over, they left.名词主格代词+介词短语 He came in, a book in his hand. with 的复合结构-小练：1). _no rain, we all went out for a walk after supper. A. There was B. There being C. There to be D. It being2). Night _, we hurried home. A. fell B. falling C. fallen D. fall4. It looks as if someone had cut a patch out of thee air, about two meters from the edge of the road, a patch roughly square in shape and less than a meter across.as if 的用法：as if 引导表语从句和方式状语从句as if 从句用陈述语气的情况。 当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时。It sounds as if it is raining He talks as if he is drunk as if 从句用虚拟语气的情况。 当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时。从句虚拟语气动词时态的形式如下： 1). 如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。You look as if you didn t care He talks as if he knew where she was2）从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had过去分词”。He talks about Rome as if he had been there before The girl listened as if she had been turned to stone要点词汇1. series n 系列，丛书a series of car accidents watch the television seriesa series of作主语时，谓语用单数 two/three series of作主语时，谓语用复数 小结：单复同形的单词：means（方式），crossroads（十字路口），species（种类），works（工厂），aircraft（飞机），cattle（牲畜）sheep，deer等。2. play a part (role) in 在中起作用E-mail, as well as telephone, is playing an important part in daily communication.play a part (role) in 在中起作用play a role of扮演角色take part in参与take an active part in积极参加3. novel n. a book-length story (长篇)小说 novel adj. 新颖的，新奇的4. vanish vi. He vanished in the dark. 5. behave v. 举止;行为;举止端正 behavior n. 行为,举止behave oneself守规矩；举止得体 behave well/badly towards对态度好（坏）well-behaved adj.表现好的 badly-behaved adj.表现差的(1)How is your new car behaving?(2) He has behaved badly towards his wife.(3) Behave yourself; dont make a fool of yourself.(4) She behaves (towards me) more like a friend than a mother.6. hesitate v. 犹豫，迟疑hesitate to do sth.迟疑做某事；不愿做某事hesitate in speaking 说话吞吞吐吐hesitate about/in/over.对犹豫不决I hesitate to tell you the truth. 我不大想告诉你真相。Dont hesitate to tell us if you have a problem如果有疑问, 请尽管与我联系.She hesitated over the choice between the two dresses. hesitation n. without hesitation 毫不犹豫地 I accepted the job without hesitation.There is no room for hesitation.7. doubt n.& vt. 怀疑 （注意句式区别）There is no doubt that毫不怀疑There is no need for sb. to do sth.某人没必要做某事Its no wonder that难怪注意:doubt后接名词性从句时，疑问句和否定句用连词that ，肯定句用whether，if 等。如：There is no doubt that she will win.I dont doubt that she will win.I doubt whether she will win.Do you doubt that she will win?beyond / out of doubt毫无疑问地 no doubt无疑地 without (a) doubt无疑地 in doubt 感到疑虑的，拿不准的 doubtful adj. 怀疑的；疑惑的8. direction n. 方向,指导,用法说明in the direction of朝的方向 in all directions=in every direction四面八方sense of direction方向感 follow ones directions/ instructions遵循某人的指示under sbs direction/under the direction of sb在某人的指导下direct adj直接的，坦率的.adv.直接地 vt.指导go direct home/direct a company (a film) /direct sb to the post officedirectly adv.直接地；立即，马上directly/immediately/instantly/the moment/the minute/the second/the instantdirector n.指导者，主管，董事，导演9. exhaustion n. 筋疲力尽；疲惫不堪Her face was grey with exhaustion. suffer from physical /mental /nervous exhaustion exhaust vt. 使筋疲力尽；疲惫不堪exhausted adj.感到疲惫不堪 exhausting adj.使人疲惫不堪的10. put down放下，写下，镇压put an end to 结束 put across 表达/解释清楚 put away 放好，储存put aside 放好，储存 put back 放回原处 put on 穿上put out扑灭，出版，伸出 put through 接通电话 put forward提出put off 推迟 put up with=stand/bear忍受 put up举起，搭建，张贴11. hold out伸出He held out his hand for a taxi.坚持，维持We were short of water but could hold out for another day.hold out 伸出；维持 hold up举起；阻挡；延误 hold back阻止；抑制；踌躇hold on坚持；继续；别挂电话hold on to抓紧，不放开，坚持catch/get/take hold of抓住12. come up to(1)来到跟前；来到 A child came up to me and show me the way to the station.(2)达到（标准）；符合 come up to ones expectations 达到某人的期望come about发生 come across碰到 come along 一道 come into power/office执政 come out出来，出版，发行 come to 谈到，恢复知觉 come over 过来 come up with追上，想出 come true实现come into being 产生 come to an end 结束13. long v 渴望,渴慕,热望 longing n. 渴望,热望,憧憬 a. 渴望的,热望的 long for sth. long to do= be dying/ thirsty/eager to do/for long for sb to do14. keep an eye /ones eyes on /upon 留心,注意;照顾,看护 eye的短语keep an eye out for 当心，警惕cast an eye at/ over/ on 瞄一眼，粗略地看一下turn/ close/ shut a blind eye on闭眼不见look into ones eyes/ look sb in the eye直视某人catch ones eye引起某人注意15. fix ones eyes/mind/attention on把集中到上 专心或集中注意力的短语有：be absorbed in keep ones mind on concentrate ones attention on be devoted to(介词) give ones mind to(介词)16. cast about 寻找,搜索,想办法 cast about (for) an opportunity 寻找机会She cast about (how) to solve the problem. cast (cast, cast) 投掷,抛 The fishermen cast their nets into the sea.渔民们把渔网撒进大海.cast可与as 连用, 分配角色,派定演员The director cast me as a lawyer. 17. be laden with 空气中充溢着某种味道，充满，装满She was laden with doubts about his history.A lorry laden with supplies has just passed by.充满的表达：be filled with be full of be heavy with18. dream of/ about 梦到，向往 I have never dreamed of meeting you here.dream away 因空想而虚度 dream a happy dream做了一个快乐的梦其后接同源宾语的动词：微笑着歌唱生活；睡梦中战斗到死sing a beautiful song live a simple life sleep a sound sleep dream a sweet dream fight a fight against pollution die a glorious death19. awake adj. 醒着的；清醒的The children are still wide awake. 孩子们还完全没有睡意。He lies awake at night worrying about his job.某些以a- 开头的形容词，如awake, afraid, asleep, alone, ashamed, alike, alive等常作表语，如果作定语，只作后置定语。awake (awoke/awaked, awoken/awaked) vt. 唤醒；使醒来 vi.醒着指点迷津：awake与 wake(1). awake用作形容词时，一般用作表语或后置定语，不能用作前置定语；用作动词时，既可作及物动词，又可作不及物动词，但都不与up连用。Some students awake read in bed .有些醒着的学生在床上看书。The telephone ring awakes the whole family at night.电话铃在夜里吵醒了全家人。(2).wake (woke, woken )既可作及物动词，又可作不及物动词，单独使用或与up连用。When I woke (woke up), the sun was shining into the room.I walked in quietly, for I was afraid of waking him (up). 导学案 2 Grammar ( Page18, 20, 21)adverbial clauses with ing （动词的-ing形式做状语）1. Analyze the function of ving form in each sentence. Writing an English composition is not easy.I suggested asking his brother for some money.The ant queens full-time job is laying eggs.He is fond of skiing.China is a developing country.Who is the man talking with your English teacher?Im sorry to have kept you waiting.Seeing from the top of the hill, we find our hometown beautiful.动词的-ing形式作状语，用来进一步说明谓语动词的动作或者说明整个句子所表达的概念，其逻辑主语应与主句的主语一致，即分词的动作必须和句中的主语含有逻辑上的主谓关系，否则不能使用现在分词作状语。在意义上可表示时间、原因、方式、伴随、条件、结果、让步等，这时它相当于一个状语从句。它的位置比较灵活，可以置于句首、句中或句末，有时用逗号分开，有时也不用，一般说来，用作原因，条件时，常位于句首；用作方式、结果、伴随状语时，常位于句末。一. v.-ing作状语的用法用作时间状语,相当于when或while引导的从句Hearing the news, they jumped with great joy. (=When they heard the news, they jumped with great joy.) 听到这个消息，他们高兴得跳了起来。Turning around (=_),she saw an ambulance driving up.她转过身，看见一辆救护车开了过来。注意：(1)如果强调分词短语所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，分词短语前可用when 或while等连词。如：While working in the factory (=While I was working in the factory), I learnt a lot from the workers我在工厂工作期间，从工人那里学到了很多东西。When crossing the road (=_),look out for cars.过马路时，留心车辆。(2) 在动词的-ing形式前用on, 表示“一就” 。 如On seeing her, he fell in love with her. 他对她一见钟情。2. 用作原因状语,相当于as, since, because引导的从句。Being poor(=_), she didnt want to buy the coat she liked.因为穷，她不想买那件喜欢的外套。Not knowing the way (=_), she asked a policeman .注意：“现在分词being+名词（形容词）”位于句首，通常是作原因状语。不可以把它用作时间状语。如：Being a senior middle school student, he must work hard.=Because /as he is a senior middle school student, he must work hard.3. 用作方式、伴随状语时不能用状语从句替换，但可以改成并列句。She sat at the desk reading a newspaper(伴随).=She sat at the desk and read a newspaper.He sent me an e-mail, hoping to get further information.=_4. 用作条件状语，相当于if, unless引导的从句。Work hard, and youll succeed.=If you work hard , youll succeed.= _Turning to the right(=_),youll find a path leading to his cottage.翻译：_5. 表示结果（自然结果）,相当于so, so that等引导的从句。His parents died, leaving the baby an orphan.The bus was held up by the snowstorm, thus causing the delay.(副词thus强调结果)= The bus was held up by the snowstorm, so that it caused the delay.翻译：_注意：不定式也可以作结果状语，但表示出乎意料的结果。如：He hurried to the post office, only to find it was closed.他急忙跑到邮局，不料却发现已经关门了。6. 用作让步状语时相当于though, although等引导的从句Admitting what he said (=_), I still think he hasnt tried his best.尽管我承认他的话，我还是认为他没有尽全力。二. 动词-ing形式的否定式动词-ing形式的否定式通常是在v.-ing 形式前加not.无论在完成形式还是被动形式里，必须置于v.-ing形式之前。如：Not knowing how to do it, he asked the teacher for advice.Not having finished my work, I am still doing it day and night.Not having been watered for a long time, the flower died.三、v.-ing的时态和语态现在分词的时态分为一般式和完成式两种。一般式(主动doing; 被动being done)所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时(或之后)发生。完成式(主动having done;被动having been done)所表示的动作则在谓语动词所表示的动作之前已经发生。He hurried home, looking behind as he went.Having lived in Shanghai for years, I know each part of it very well.The large building being built down the street will be a hospital.注意：现在分词的完成式一般只作状语。Having finished the work, I went home happily.Rewrite the underlined part in each sentence, using non-finite verbs ( to do, doing or done).When she was cooking in the kitchen, she burnt her finger.While he worked in the workshop, he made many friends there.After he finished the meal, he turn on TV to watch a cartoon program.Because he was highly praised by the manager, the man worked harder.After we were shown the library. We were taken to visit the lab.If you have another look, you will see the mistake in the sentence.He stood in the shade and waited for his friend.He had an accident and lost his arm.The boy who is running ahead of the other is my classmate.The bike which are made in the factory are of good quality.判断正误1. While reading the book, the telephone rang.2. Looking out through the window, the garden was beautiful.注意：动词ing 形式作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致，且必须与句子的主语是逻辑上的主谓关系，动词ing 形式表示的动作是次要动作。（一个主语多个动作。）四、独立成分(1) 有些分词短语可以作独立成分，用来解释这个句子，不受句子主语的限制。常见分词短语有：generally speaking（一般说来）, supposing（假设）, judging from / by （从判断）Generally speaking, girls are more careful than boys.Supposing you lose, what will you do?Judging from his accent, he must be from the south.(2) 分词短语作状语时，它的逻辑主语一般需与句子的主语一致。但有时它也可以有自己独立的逻辑主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构。独立主格结构通常用来表示伴随的动作或情况，有时还可以表示时间、原因或条件。如：Night coming on(=When night came on), we started for home.So many people being absent (=_), they decided to put off the meeting.这么多人没来，他们决定会议延期举行。如果天气允许的话，我们就步行到那里。_导学案3 Listening, Speaking, and Vocabulary, Function,Everyday English(Pages19-24 )Words and expressions trilogy（小说、戏剧、音乐等的）三部曲 fantasy literature奇幻小说 kingdom n.王国 revenge v. 报仇 marry v. 结婚 wicked witch 邪恶的女巫 cottage n. 小屋 palace n.宫殿 hunt v.搜寻 frog n. 青蛙 pool n. 水塘 put a spell on用咒符镇住 punish v.惩罚 fall in love with 爱上 wake up 醒来 magic power 魔法 go to war with 与交战 its your turn 该你了 take turns to do sth / at doing sth 轮流做某事in turn 依次，轮流反过来 by turns 轮流 be late for 迟到 1. marry vt.&vi. marriage n. vi. (不及物动词) marry young/early/late/well 结婚早/晚/嫁得好 She didnt marry until she turned 40.vt. (及物动词) Mary is going to marry Tom.(Tom is going to marry Mary.)注意：(1)marry在大多数情况下是及物动词，需要接宾语，或用被动语态.(2).表示“和某人结婚”不能用介词with, 要用to. (3).marry 和get married都是非延续性动词或短语，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。表示结婚已有一段时间用be married,表示一种状态.他们已经结婚13年了。They have married for 13 years. (错)They have been married for 13 years. (对)They got married 13 years ago. (对)It is 13 years since they got married. (对)marry sb to sb 把某人嫁给 It was her parents who married her to Tom.2. revenge n.& vt. revenge sb. on sb. 为某人向某人报仇He swore to revenge himself on his enemy.他发誓要向仇敌复仇。She revenged herself for the defeat. n. take revenge on sb for sth 因某事向某人报仇3. Im stuck. 我被难住了。 stick (stuck, stuck) We were stuck in traffic for over an hour.我们在交通堵塞中被困一个多小时。 stick v. 坚持 stick to，粘住，伸出 n. walking stick 拐杖4. go onHe went on working until 91.I dont know what is going on.As time went on, I grew fond of him.How did you go on in your English examination?Listening：1. Pre-listening: put the right order of the story on page 19 first.2. While-listening: Answer some questions about the story1）What does the girl say about His Dark Material? Its a _ book.2）What does the girl say it is easy to do? To _ a fantasy story.3）When does the witch put a spell on the king? While hes _.4）What does everyone in the land have to do? Bring the witch _ of everything they have.5）When does Argon ask his son to revenge him? _ leaving his kingdom.6）Why does Ferdinand feel terrible? Because his _ and most of his _are dead.7) What does Ferdinand decide to do? He decides hell have to _ _ _ himself.8) What exactly does the frog say to Ferdinand? “Oh King, I will tell you _to _ the wicked witch.”Listen to the tape, and then fill in the blanks.Girl: Ive just finished reading a _ book.Boy: Whats it called?Girl: Well, actually its a trilogy. Its called His Dark Materials.Boy: Oh, yes, isnt it _?Girl: Yes, it is. It takes place in several different worlds and its really exciting! I love fantasy literature. One day I might try and write a fantasy _.Boy: Youre joking!Girl: No, Im not, I think its very easy to _ fantasy stories.Boy: No, it isnt.Girl: Yes, it is. I could tell one right now.Boy: Go on then!Girl: Ok. Um _ A king goes _ and comes to a _. A beautiful woman comes out and on seeing her, the king immediately falls in love with her. But he doesnt know that shes a witch-a very_. Now you continue.Boy: Me?Girl: Yes,_, its easy.Boy: Ok So the king takes the woman back to his _and he marries her, not knowing who she really is. While hes sleeping, the witch _him and everyone in the palace, so that they dont wake up.Girl: Well done! _, its easy. Ok, Ill go on. The witch puts a spell on all the kings advisers and becomes the _ of the land. She controls all the soldiers with her_, and everyone in the land has to
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