小马桩隧道二次衬砌工程施工组织设计方案.doc

省道302线北川曲山至茂县界段(曲山任家坪至禹里段)灾后重建工程施工第七合同段隧道衬砌混凝土分项工程施工组织设计K12+831K12+930邵阳公路桥梁建设有限责任公司省道302线北川曲山至茂县界段(任家坪至禹里段)灾后重建工程施工第七合同段2010年6月5日隧道二次衬砌工程施工组织设计一编制依据1、施工设计图、2、公路工程技术标准（JTG B01-2003）3、公路隧道施工技术规范（JTJ 042-94）4、公路工程施工安全技术规程（JTJ 076-95）二施工准备 1、熟悉图纸及相关规范要求。2、根据现场施工组织情况，在施工前将所需材料提前运送至现场，所有进场材料均应经过试验室检验，并满足招投标文件对原材料各项指标的要求。3、机械设备及人员配备见下表：项 目型 号单位数 量备注支护作业班人21熟练工人砼拌和机ZL1000台1柴油发电机组250J台1性能良好砼运输车8m台4性能良好衬砌台车台1性能良好插入式振捣器台6性能良好三进度计划计划开工时间：2010年6月12日，完工时间：2010年7月23日四总体目标1质量目标：合格 2安全目标：无重大、特大安全责任事故；特种作业人员持证上岗率100%；五施工工艺及方法1、工艺流程复合式二次衬砌施工工艺流程框图2、施工工艺台车就位台车就位前，须找平基底，铺设走行轨，走行轨采用43Kg/m轨，枕木间距50cm。走行轨应根据隧底所订中线桩，向左右两侧量出其位置。走行轨应铺设在仰拱填充（或铺底、或基岩）上，走行轨面的高程应符合下列要求：走行轨轨面高程=该处衬砌拱顶设计高程轨面至台车拱顶高度1/2伸降油缸的行程。台车顺线路方向定位保证台车模板与已施工的衬砌搭接3-5cm。（2）面板整修首次使用的台车，要将面板的锈斑打磨干净，模板拼缝要打磨，接缝大于2mm处应采用腻子修补严实；后续拆除下来的模板与混凝土的接触面清理干净。模板安装前要涂刷隔离剂。隔离剂采用新鲜机油参柴油，配比为3:1，涂刷过程中要均匀，厚薄适当，已不流淌为准。（3）模板就位台车就位后，启动微调机构，用仪器校正模板外轮廓与设计净空相吻合，并锁定台车。校正模板外轮廓时，应注意复核台车中线是否与隧道中线重合、台车拱顶高程是否考虑预留沉落量，按23cm考虑预留沉落量。衬砌模板台车就位后，模板尺寸其允许偏差见下表序号项 目允 许 偏 差（mm）检 验 方 法1边墙脚平面位置及高程15尺 量2起拱线高程10尺 量3拱顶高程+10偏差0水准测量4模板表面平整度52m靠尺和塞尺5相邻浇筑段表面高低差10尺 量（4）预埋件埋设预埋件和预留孔洞的留置应符合设计要求，允许偏差应符合下表的规定。序号项 目允 许 偏 差（mm）检 验 方 法1预留孔洞中心线位置10尺 量尺 寸+10偏差02预埋件中心线位置3尺 量（5）施工缝处理和堵头板安装堵头板安装堵头板采用五寸板，宽3060cm为宜，在台车端头采用80805mm的角钢做背条，将堵头板扣紧在台车端头；角钢通过M20高强螺栓固定在台车端头预留的螺栓孔上。在堵头板上止水条位置钉设软质PVC管做为安设止水条的预留槽。（2）变形缝在明暗洞交界处设置环向变形缝。拱墙变形缝内设置遇水膨胀橡胶止水带。拱墙变形缝处衬砌外缘与防水板结合部位以聚硫密封胶封堵，衬砌内缘3cm范围内以聚硫密封胶封堵，以外2cm范围内设置U型渡锌钢板接水盒，其余空隙采用填缝料填塞密实。橡胶止水带主要技术指标见下表：序号项目性能指标备注1硬度（邵尔A）（度）6052拉伸强度（MPa）153扯断伸长率（%）3804压缩永久变形（%）7024h3523168h205撕裂强度（KN/m）306脆性温度（）-457热空气老化70168h硬度变化（邵尔A）（度）+8拉伸强度（MPa）12扯断伸长率（%）3008臭氧老化50pphm；20%，48h2级（3）施工缝纵、环向施工缝均安装遇水膨胀橡胶止水条，止水条安设在已施工的衬砌预留槽内，要填塞牢固，防止脱落。纵向施工缝应进行接茬处理，其处理方法如下：接茬面要凿毛冲洗干净；橡胶止水条主要技术指标见下表。序号项目性能指标备注1硬度（邵尔A）（度）4252拉伸强度（MPa）3.53扯断伸长率（%）4504体积膨胀率（%）2005反复浸水试验拉伸强度（MPa）3扯断伸长率（%）350体积膨胀率（%）2006低温弯折（-202h）无裂纹7防霉等级优于2级（6）砼拌合与运送采用搅拌站集中拌制，原材料采用电子剂量，拌制混凝土时，原材料每盘称量的允许偏差见下表。序号项 目允 许 偏 差备注1水泥和干燥状态的拌合物1%2粗、细骨料2%3水、外加剂1%混凝土搅拌前，要严格测定粗细骨料的含水量，确定施工配合比。搅拌时，先投入细骨料、水泥、矿物掺合料和外加剂，搅拌30s；再加入水，搅拌30s；投入粗骨料，搅拌1-2min。以拌合均匀，色泽一致为度。检测混凝土的坍落度，控制在1518cm，其偏差不得大于20mm，边墙取小值，拱部取大值。混凝土采用运输车运输，盛装砼的容器不能漏浆，运送时间在环境气温+20时不应超过20分钟，运输过程中，要低速旋转混凝土运输车。混凝土拌合物的坍落度应符合理论配合比要求，一般且必须满足泵送要求；入模含气量不得小于2%。（7）灌筑与振捣二次衬砌混凝土采用混凝土输送泵、输送管末端采用软管连接入模。混凝土入泵前，要使罐车高速旋转20-30s，且要重新检测混凝土的坍落度，如果损失过大或离析，拉回搅拌站进行二次搅拌，严禁现场私自加水以增加混凝土的坍落度。入模的自由倾落高度应保证其不发生离析，一般不应超过2m。输送管严禁接触模板，以免混凝土压出时对管口产生的强烈震动使模板变形。泵送过程中，停泵时间超过15min，应每隔4-5min开泵搅拌一次；停泵时间超过45min，应将管内和泵内混凝土清除。衬砌混凝土应左右两侧对称分层进行，分层厚度为30cm，两侧灌筑高差最大不超过100cm。边墙及墙顶部分采用插入式软轴振捣器振捣，拱顶部分采用附着式振捣器振捣。采用插入式软轴振捣器振捣时，振捣时间宜为1030s，以混凝土表面泛浆或不冒大气泡为准。插入式振动棒需变换其在混凝土中的位置时，应竖向缓慢拔出，不得在混凝土浇注仓内平拖。泵送下料口应及时移动，不得用插入式振动棒平拖以驱赶下料口处堆积的拌合物将其推向远处。附注式振捣器应能单个启动，使用时，应根据需振捣的部位开启振捣器振动约3050s。灌筑砼不宜间断进行，若必须终止则不应超过混凝土初凝时间，否则应作间歇灌筑处理。衬砌混凝土浇注至起拱线位置时，应停歇30min左右，并充分振捣，待混凝土充分下沉后再浇注拱部，以防因边墙混凝土下沉而造成拱部开裂。封顶：当拱部混凝土浇注至台车最上层窗口时，应将泵送管接至拱顶圆形进浆口。从圆形进浆口泵送混凝土进入衬砌台车时，应从已衬砌段向未衬砌段进行；混凝土充填满拱部后应暂时停止泵送，开启附着式振捣器及时振捣，以防因压力过大致使台车变形；振捣后继续泵送混凝土，直到混凝土浇注至台车挡头约2m处。在台车拱部挡头处预留环向长约2m的空间先不安设挡头板，以便进行封顶作业。当混凝土浇注至台车挡头约2m处时，将泵送管接至台车挡头处，通过软管从未安设挡头板处向拱顶浇注混凝土：将软管出口端设置于模板上预封顶处，待输送出的混凝土充满封顶部分并将软管埋入混凝土约30cm时，将软管拔出约40cm，振捣后连续输送混凝土。待其埋入约30cm后，再拔管一次并振捣，直至混凝土浇注至台车挡头。当混凝土处浇注至台车挡头时，一边安设挡头板，一边浇注混凝土，并采用插入式振捣器振捣密实，直至封顶完毕。为保证拱部混凝土的密实性，在拱部预埋20压浆管，压浆管按纵向间距23m一处埋设，注浆材料采用M10水泥砂浆，其配合比应根据现场试验后确定，待衬砌混凝土强度达到设计强度的70%后再进行压浆处理，初压0.1MPa0.15MPa，终压0.2MPa。混凝土的入模温度应视洞内温度而调整。冬期施工时，混凝土的入模温度不应低于5；夏期施工时，混凝土的入模温度不宜高于洞内温度且不宜超过30。施工过程中要实际测定关键截面的中部点温度和离表面约5cm深处的表层温度（包括仰拱和底板），实行严格的温度控制。二次衬砌结构任一截面在任一时间内的内部最高温度与表层温度之差一般不大于20，新浇混凝土与上一区段二次衬砌混凝土或围岩之间的温度差不大于20，洒水混凝土表面的养护水温度低于混凝土表面温度的差值不大于15，混凝土的降温速度不大于3/d。（8）养护应在浇筑完毕后的12h以内对混凝土保湿养护。混凝土浇水养护的时间不得少于14d。浇水次数应能保持混凝土处于湿润状态；混凝土养护用水应与拌合用水相同，水温应与环境气温基本相同。混凝土强度达到5Mpa前，不得在其上踩踏或安装模板及支架。当日平均气温低于5时，不得浇水。（9）拆模承重模板拆除时，应符合下列要求：在初期支护变形稳定后施作的，二次衬砌混凝土强度达到8.0MPa以上；初期支护未稳定、二次衬砌提前施作的，混凝土强度应达到设计强度100%及以上；特殊情况下，应根据试验及监控量测结果确定拆模时间。拆除不承受外荷载的边墙、仰拱及底板等非承重模板时，混凝土强度不得低于2.5Mpa，并应保证其表面及棱角不受损伤。六质量控制我部设专职质检员和试验员，对各工序和各分项工程实行全过程跟踪。开工前进行技术交底，每道工序严格按设计文件、技术规范、总监办下发的质量管理办法规定的要求进行施工，各工序完工后实行“三级”验收制度，即：施工班组自检合格后报现场技术员检验；现场技术员检验合格后报项目部质检科检验；质检科检验合格后报监理工程师检验。待每级检验均合格后再进行下道工序施工，如有任何一级检验不合格，均作返工处理。七安全保障措施我部设专职安全员，对各工序实行全过程监督和检查，定期对工人进行安全教育和培训，分项工程和各工序开工前对操作人员和管理人员进行安全技术交底，制定严格的安全管理制度和奖惩办法。安全保障重点注意以下几点：1所有机械由专人操作，并经培训后持证上岗，行走和使用过程中另派专人指挥；2特种作业（如钳工、电工）派专人经培训合格后持证上岗；八进度保证措施1明确阶段目标，保证计划的完成根据施工计划总进度对整个工程工期分阶段控制，实施中明确每个阶段的目标、任务、突出重点，全方位的抓落实。作业班以工序保证日计划，施工队以日计划保证总计划的完成。项目经理部除掌握总计划外，要以周计划下达施工，层层落实任务。2加强物资的供应、运输组织、试验和管理(1) 落实设计要求后，即派出专职人员与有关厂商落实订单和供货日期、运输方式等事宜，抓准抓早抓落实。(2) 成立材料运输供应小组和试验小组，做好材料的管理，特别是分类堆放和原材料试验工作。材料进场后，按要求逐项取样试验，并填写报告单。3对任务分配、劳动力安排、施工机械和设备实行动态管理我部除投入足够的机具设备以保证施工进度外，并实施动态管理。所需技术工种和施工设备，当某一部位受阻影响进度时，直接由项目经理部统一调配人力、财力、物资增援，并利用调整各施工队的施工任务和全天施工的措施，以保证工期的完成。4加强对工程的领导和管理，健全施工协调制度(1) 选派有丰富施工经验，良好组织才能，高度责任心的同志担任现场负责人。集中专业技术骨干，组织精干过硬的施工队施工。(2) 实行分项工程负责制，推行方针目标管理。在施工项目管理体制上，采取现场负责人负责制。充分发挥现场负责人的工作能力，充分地向现场负责人授权，使其有权处理施工中出现的问题。制订方针目标，层层分解下达执行。(3) 健全施工协调制，保证“条条施工渠道畅通”，如坚持施工班组的完工会制度、项目经理统一指挥权限制度、调度交班会、安全质量制度和领导现场办公制度等等，使这些行之有效的协调制度，继续完善、执行。5加强工地施工技术管理(1) 施工准备阶段：以组织现场调查为核心，做好开工前的技术准备工作。(2) 施工阶段：以指导施工和技术攻关为核心，及时协调处理施工中出现的施工技术问题。(3) 完工阶段：做好分项工程完工后的检验工作，同时作好质检资料的签认。九文明施工、环境保护措施（一） 文明施工1文明施工组织管理机构成立由项目经理为组长、项目部各科室负责人及工区负责人为成员的文明施工管理小组，全面开展文明施工活动，创造良好的施工环境和氛围，保证工程顺利完成。文明施工管理机构见下图：项目经理文明施工领导小组综合办公室工程科安全环保科机料科财务科质检科各施工作业队创建文明工地2文明施工保证措施（1） 对进场施工队伍签定文明施工协议，建立健全岗位责任制，把文明施工责任落实到实处，提高全体施工人员自觉性与责任性。（2） 挂牌施工，标明工程项目名称、范围、开完工日期、施工负责人，设立监督电话，接受社会监督。（3） 采取有效措施处理生产生活废水，不得超标排放，并保证施工现场无积水现象。在多雨季节配备应急的抽水设备与突击人员。（4） 现场布局合理，材料、物品、机具、弃方堆放符合要求。（5） 施工内业资料整洁、数据可靠，办公室内按要求布置各类图表，及时反映现场及工程进度状况。（6） 加强安全保卫工作，设夜间巡逻队。（7） 创建美好环境。在工地现场和生活区设置足够的临时设施，在生活区周围种植花草、树木、美化环境。（8） 生活垃圾要集中堆放，搬运至指定点废弃。（9） 施工期间，经常对施工机械车辆道路进行维修，确保晴雨畅通，并方便沿线居民的生产、生活。（10） 车辆在运料过程中，对扬尘的物料用蓬布覆盖严密，且装料适中，不得超限；车辆轮胎用水冲洗干净，保证道路的清洁。（11） 工地内的木工房、危化物品库房、易燃易爆物品库房内严禁烟火，同时配备各类相应的灭火器材。加强对施工人员的全面管理。严禁接受三无盲流人员。作好防盗工作，落实防范措施，对各类违法行为和暴力行动及时制止，现时报告当地公安部门，确保在施工区域内无违法乱纪现象发生。（12） 加强员工思想政治教育和综合素质培养，搞好廉政建设，使员工同当地村民和睦相处。（二） 环境保护1环境保护组织机构成立以项目经理为组长的环境保护领导小组，配备一定数量的环保设施和技术人员，认真学习环保知识，共同搞好环保工作。环境保护组织机构见下图。环境保护管理组织机构项目经理环境保护领导小组综合办公室工程科安全环保科机料科财务科质检科各施工作业队g an employment tribunal claimEmployment tribunals sort out disagreements between employers and employees.You may need to make a claim to an employment tribunal if: you dont agree with the disciplinary action your employer has taken against you your employer dismisses you and you think that you have been dismissed unfairly.For more information about dismissal and unfair dismissal, seeDismissal.You can make a claim to an employment tribunal, even if you haventappealedagainst the disciplinary action your employer has taken against you. However, if you win your case, the tribunal may reduce any compensation awarded to you as a result of your failure to appeal.Remember that in most cases you must make an application to an employment tribunal within three months of the date when the event you are complaining about happened. If your application is received after this time limit, the tribunal will not usually accept it.If you are worried about how the time limits apply to you, take advice from one of the organisations listed underFurther help.Employment tribunals are less formal than some other courts, but it is still a legal process and you will need to give evidence under an oath or affirmation.Most people find making a claim to an employment tribunal challenging. If you are thinking about making a claim to an employment tribunal, you should get help straight away from one of the organisations listed underFurther help.If you are being represented by a solicitor at the tribunal, they may ask you to sign an agreement where you pay their fee out of your compensation if you win the case. This is known as adamages-based agreement. In England and Wales, your solicitor cant charge you more than 35% of your compensation if you win the case.If you are thinking about signing up for a damages-based agreement, you should make sure youre clear about the terms of the agreement. It might be best to get advice from an experienced adviser, for example, at a Citizens Advice Bureau. To find your nearest CAB, including those that give advice by e-mail, click onnearest CAB.For more information about making a claim to an employment tribunal, seeEmployment tribunals.The (lack of) air up there Watch mCayman Islands-based Webb, the head of Fifas anti-racism taskforce, is in London for the Football Associations 150th anniversary celebrations and will attend Citys Premier League match at Chelsea on Sunday.I am going to be at the match tomorrow and I have asked to meet Yaya Toure, he told BBC Sport.For me its about how he felt and I would like to speak to him first to find out what his experience was.Uefa hasopened disciplinary proceedings against CSKAfor the racist behaviour of their fans duringCitys 2-1 win.Michel Platini, president of European footballs governing body, has also ordered an immediate investigation into the referees actions.CSKA said they were surprised and disappointed by Toures complaint. In a statement the Russian side added: We found no racist insults from fans of CSKA.Age has reached the end of the beginning of a word. May be guilty in his seems to passing a lot of different life became the appearance of the same day; May be back in the past, to oneself the paranoid weird belief disillusionment, these days, my mind has been very messy, in my mind constantly. Always feel oneself should go to do something, or write something. Twenty years of life trajectory deeply shallow, suddenly feel something, do it.一字开头的年龄已经到了尾声。或许是愧疚于自己似乎把转瞬即逝的很多个不同的日子过成了同一天的样子；或许是追溯过去，对自己那些近乎偏执的怪异信念的醒悟，这些天以来，思绪一直很凌乱，在脑海中不断纠缠。总觉得自己自己似乎应该去做点什么，或者写点什么。二十年的人生轨迹深深浅浅，突然就感觉到有些事情，非做不可了。The end of our life, and can meet many things really do?而穷尽我们的一生，又能遇到多少事情是真正地非做不可？During my childhood, think lucky money and new clothes are necessary for New Year, but as the advance of the age, will be more and more found that those things are optional; Junior high school, thought to have a crush on just means that the real growth, but over the past three years later, his writing of alumni in peace, suddenly found that isnt really grow up, it seems is not so important; Then in high school, think dont want to give vent to out your inner voice can be in the high school children of the feelings in a period, but was eventually infarction when graduation party in the throat, later again stood on the pitch he has sweat profusely, looked at his thrown a basketball hoops, suddenly found himself has already cant remember his appearance.童年时，觉得压岁钱和新衣服是过年必备，但是随着年龄的推进，会越来越发现，那些东西根本就可有可无；初中时，以为要有一场暗恋才意味着真正的成长，但三年过去后，自己心平气和的写同学录的时候，突然就发现是不是真正的成长了，好像并没有那么重要了；然后到了高中，觉得非要吐露出自己的心声才能为高中生涯里的懵懂情愫划上一个句点，但毕业晚会的时候最终还是被梗塞在了咽喉，后来再次站在他曾经挥汗如雨的球场，看着他投过篮球的球框时，突然间发现自己已经想不起他的容颜。Originally, this world, can produce a chemical reaction to an event, in addition to resolutely, have to do, and time.原来，这个世界上，对某个事件能产生化学反应的，除了非做不可的坚决，还有，时间。A persons time, your ideas are always special to clear. Want, want, line is clear, as if nothing could shake his. Also once seemed to be determined to do something, but more often is he backed out at last. Dislike his cowardice, finally found that there are a lot of love, there are a lot of miss, like shadow really have been doomed. Those who do, just green years oneself give oneself an arm injection, or is a self-righteous spiritual.一个人的时候，自己的想法总是特别地清晰。想要的，不想要的，界限明确，好像没有什么可以撼动自己。也曾经好像已经下定了决心去做某件事，但更多的时候是最后又打起了退堂鼓。嫌恶过自己的怯懦，最终却发现有很多缘分，有很多错过，好像冥冥之中真的已经注定。那些曾经所谓的非做不可，只是青葱年华里自己给自己注射的一支强心剂，或者说，是自以为是的精神寄托罢了。At the moment, the sky is dark, the air is fresh factor after just rained. Suddenly thought of blue plaid shirt; Those were broken into various shapes of stationery; From the corner at the beginning of deep friendship; Have declared the end of the encounter that havent start planning. Those years, those days of do, finally, like youth, will end in our life.此刻，天空是阴暗的，空气里有着刚下过雨之后的清新因子。突然想到那件蓝格子衬衫；那些被折成各种各样形状的信纸；那段从街角深巷伊始的友谊；还有那场还没有开始就宣告了终结的邂逅计划那些年那些天的非做不可，终于和青春一样，都将在我们的人生中谢幕。Baumgartner the disappointing news: Mission aborted. r plays an important role in this mission. Starting at the ground, conditions have to be very calm - winds less than 2 mph, with no precipitation or humidity and limited cloud cover. The balloon, with capsule attached, will move through the lower level of the atmosphere (the troposphere) where our day-to-day weather lives. It will climb higher than the tip of Mount Everest (5.5 miles/8.85 kilometers), drifting even higher than the cruising altitude of commercial airliners (5.6 miles/9.17 kilometers) and into the stratosphere. As he crosses the boundary layer (called the tropopause),e can expect a lot of turbulence.The supersonic descent could happen as early as Sunda.The weatheThe balloon will slowly drift to the edge of space at 120,000 feet ( Then, I would assume, he will slowly step out onto something resembling an Olympic diving platform.Below, the Earth becomes the concrete bottom of a swimming pool that he wants to land on, but not too hard. Still, hell be traveling fast, so despite the distance, it will not be like diving into the deep end of a pool. It will be like he is diving into the shallow end. Skydiver preps for the big jumpWhen he jumps, he is expected to reach the speed of sound - 690 mph (1,110 kph) - in less than 40 seconds. Like hitting the top of the water, he will begin to slow as he approaches the more dense air closer to Earth. But this will not be enough to stop him completely.If he goes too fast or spins out of control, he has a stabilization parachute that can be deployed to slow him down. His team hopes its not needed. Instead, he plans to deploy his 270-square-foot (25-square-meter) main chute at an altitude of around 5,000 feet (1,524 meters).In order to deploy this chute successfully, he will have to slow to 172 mph (277 kph). He will have a reserve parachute that will open automatically if he loses consciousness at mach speeds.Even if everything goes as planned, it wont. Baumgartner still will free fall at a speed that would cause you and me to pass out, and no parachute is guaranteed to work higher than 25,000 feet (7,620 meters).cause there