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语法精讲Word Formation:Compounds构词法：合成合成：把两个或两个以上的词合成一个新词，有的用连字符号“”连接，有的直接连写在一起，还有的由分开的两个词构成，这种构词法叫合成。1.合成名词的主要构成方式(1)n.+n.classroomnewspaperschoolboy(2)adj.+n.blackboardgreenhousehighway(3)v.+n.chopstick(4)adv.+n.overcoat(5)v.+adv.break-downget-together(6)n.+prep.sister-in-laweditor-in-chief2.合成形容词的主要构成方式(1)n.+adj.snow-whiteworld-wide(2)adj.+adj.red-hot(3)adv.+adj.ever-green(4)n.+doing/doneman-madeearth-shaking(5)adj.+doing/doneready-madegood-looking(6)adv.+doing/donewell-informed(7)adv.+n.second-hand(8)adj.+n.-edwhite-hairedabsent-minded(9)num.+n.-edthree-hairedone-eyed3.合成动词的主要构成方式adv.+v.overcomeoverlook4.合成副词的主要构成方式adj.+n.meanwhileprep.+n.beforehand考题再现【考例1】 It is a _ dog,16 or 17 inches tall from the shoulder.A.middle sizeB.middle-sizeC.mid-sizedD.middle-sized解析：middle-sized adj. “中等大小的”。答案：D【考例2】Walking and running are the oldest and the best excellent _ exercise for all ages and fitness levels.A.bodies-shapingB.body-shapeC.bodies-shapedD.body-shaping解析：选项在句中作定语，且表示exercise的用途，指的是塑身的运动，故选用动词-ing形式。答案：D【考例3】If you go _,you might find a stream.A.downhillB.downhillsC.down-hillD.down-hills解析：由句子结构可知，需要一个副词来修饰不及物动词go,故选择downhill。答案：A【考例4】 Films often present the image of a _ and intelligent lawyer standing in court and winning arguments.A.well-speakB.well-speakingC.well-spokenD.well-talk解析：spoken构成合成词时，表示“说话有特点的”，与副词连用。答案：C
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