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定语从句的考点讲解一. 定语从句的功用和结构 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定从句修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词。（ n./pron.+ 引导词 + 从句 ）例如：This is the present that he gave me for my birthday. Do you know everybody who came to the party?I still remember the night when I first came to the village? This is the place where Chairman Mao once lived.二. 引导词先行词引导词 充当从句的. 人 Who (+ v.) 主 ，宾 人 Whom （+ 主 + v.) 宾 物 which 主 ，宾人/ 物 that 主 ，宾人/ 物 Whose (= of whom / of which) 定时间词 When (=in / on which ) 状地点词 Where (=in / at which ) 状reason Why ( = for which ) 状三. 各个关系代词 （ who,whom,which,that,whose )和关系副词 (when,where,why ) 的具体用法1. who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。例如：The person who broke the window must pay for it.The boy who is wearing the black jacket is very clever.2. whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语。例如：Do you know the young man (whom) we met at the gate？Mr Lee (whom) you want to see has come.3. whose 指人，在定语从句中作定。语例如：The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today.4. which指物，在定语从中作主语或宾语。例如：A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words.Here is the book (which) the teacher mentioned yesterday.5. that多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。例如：Ive read the newspaper that(which) carries the important news.Who is the person that is reading the newspaper over there?6. when 指时间，在定语从句中作状语。例如： Ill never forget the time when we worked on the farm. He arrived in Beijing on the day when I left.7. where 指地点，在定语从句中作状语。例如： This is the house where we lived last year. The factory where his father works is in the east of the city.4. 注意(1) 关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，可省略。I know the boy whose father is a professor. Eg: I like the music ( that /which ) I can dance to.(2) 若前面已有疑问词 who或 which 时，通常用 that ,而不用who ，which 。 Eg: Who was the girl that come here last night. (3) 关系代词作介词的宾语时，介词可置于 whom 和 which 的前面或句末，但 that 不可直接放在介词后，仅能将介词置于后。 Eg : This is the house in which he lives . ( ) This is the house in that he lives ( ) This is the house that / which he lives in. ( )五. 具体使用时还要注意下列问题：1. 只能使用that,不用which 的情况：(1) 先行词是all, few, little, nothing, everything, anything 等不定代词时。例如： All that he said is true. (2) 先行词被only, no, any, all,等词修饰时。例如： He is the only foreigner that has been to that place. (3) 先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词。例如：He was the second (person) that told me the secret. (4) 先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词。This is the best book (that) I have read this year.(5) 先行词既包括人又包括物时。例如：He talked about the people and the things he remembered.2. 只能用which，不用that 的情况：(1) 在非限制性定语从中。例如： The meeting was put off, which was exactly what we wanted. (2) 定语从句由介词+关系代词引导，先行词是物时。（关系代词前有介词时 ） 例如： The thing about which he is talking is of great importance. 定语从句的考点训练一. 单项填空1. -Who is the man _ was talking to our English teacher? -Oh! Its Mr Baker, our maths teacher. A. he B. that C. whom D. which2. I hate the people _ dont help others when they are in trouble. A. who B. which C. they D. where3. The foreigner _ visited our school is from Canada. A. which B. when C. who D. whom4. George Mallory was an English school teacher _ loved climbing. A. who B. whom C. he D. which5. This is the place _I have ever visited. A. there B. when C. where D. which6. Nobody knows the reason _ she didnt come to the meeting A. that B. which C. why D. when7. The moon is a world _ there is no life. A. that B. which C. where D. why8. He has forgotten the day _ he arrived . A. when B. where C. that D. which9. He still remembers the days _ he spent with your family. A. when B. where C. that D. on which10. Mr. White, _ car had been stolen, came to the policeman. A. who B. that C. whose D. which11. He got to the village _ his family once lived before liberation. A. that B. which C. when D. where12. This is the house _ I want to buy. A. in which B. that C. whose D. where13. This is the house _ our beloved Premier Zhou once lived and worked.A. which B. that C. when D. where14. He didnt tell me the place _ he was born. A. that B. which C. when D. where15. He lived in a small village, _ was a long way from the railway station.A. that B. which C. where D. when二. 用关系代词或关系副词将下列每对句子连成一个复合句1. The boy is my younger brother. He was here a minute ago. The boy here a minute ago is my younger brother.2. The old man is a professor. He teaches chemistry in a college. The old man chemistry in a college is a professor.3 The car was going 90 miles an hour. The car just passed us. The car was going 90 miles an hour.4. I prefer the subject. The subject is science. The subject is science. 5. I spoke to the man. The man is a professor.The man is a professor.三. 用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空1. The house _ we live in is very big. 2. The boy _ is wearing the black jacket is very clever.3. This is the present _ he gave me for my birthday. 4. The man _ talked to you just now is an engineer.5. He talked about the teachers and schools _ he had visited.6. There is nothing in the world _ can frighten him.7. She wears a gold ring, _ is very uncommon in our class.8. We visited a factory _ makes toys for children.9. Is this the place _ your father once lived? 10. Ill never forget the days _ I joined the League.四、用适当的关系词填空：1. I still remember the night _I first came to the house.2. Ill never forget the day_ we met each other last week.3. Mr Black is going to Beijing in October, _is the best season there.4. I will never forget the days _I spent with your family.5. Ill never forget the last day_ we spent together. 6. This is the school _I used to study.7. Do you still remember the place_ we visited last week?8. Do you still remember the place_ we visited the painting exhibition?9. Have you ever been to Hangzhou,_is famous for the West Lake?14. It is the third time _you have made the same mistake. 15、 This is the very novel about_weve talked so much.16、Who is the student _was late for school today?17、What else was there in my brother_you didnt like? 25. This is Mr. John for_son I brought a book yesterday. 18、This is Mr. John for_I bought a book yesterday.19、.I hope you will find this valley a beautiful place_you may spend your weekend.21.The boys are playing football are from Class One22. Yesterday I helped an old man lost his way.23. Mr. Liu is the person you talked about on the bus.24. Mr. Ling is just the boy I want to see.25. The man you met just now is my friend.26. He has a friend father is a doctor.27. Do you like the book cover is yellow?28. Football is a game is liked by most boys.29. This is the pen he bought yesterday.30. The number of the people come to visit the city each year rises one million.31. Where is the man I saw this morning?32.The school in he once studied is very famous.33. Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine you asked for.34. Well go to hear the famous singer we have often talked about.35. Well go to hear the famous singer about we have often talk-ed.16. This is the watch which/that I am looking for.五、选择填空1. Dont talk about such things of _you are not sure. A. which B. what C. as D. those 2. Is this the factory _ you visited the other day?A. that B. where C. in which D. the one 4. Is this the factory _he worked ten years ago? B. A. that B. Where C. Which D. the one 5. The wolves hid themselves in the places _ couldnt be found.6. A. that B. Where C. in which D. in that 6. The freezing point is the temperature _ water changes into ice. A. at which B. on that C. in which D. of what 7. This book will show you _ can be used in other contexts. A. how you have observed B. what you have observed 7. C. that you have observed D. how that you have observed 8. The reason is _ he is unable to operate the machine. A. Because B. why C. that D. whether 9. Ill tell you _ he told me last week. A. all which B. that C. all that D. which 12. He failed in the examination, _ made his father very angry. A. Which B. it C. that D. what 13. Were talking about the piano and the pianist _ were in the concert we attended last night. A. Which B. whom C. Who D. that 14. The girl _ an English song in the next room is Toms sister. A. who is singing B. is singing C. sang D. was singing 16. Anyone _ this opinion may speak out. A. that against B. that against C. who is against D. who are against 17. Didnt you see the man _? A.I nodded just now B.whom I nodded just now C.I nodded to him just now D.I nodded to just now 18. Can you lend me the novel _ the other day? A. that you talked B. you talked about it C. which you talked with D. you talked about 19. Is there anything _ to you? A. that is belonged B. that belongs C. that belong D. which belongs 20. -“How do you like the book?” -“Its quite different from _ I read last month.”A. that B. which C. the one D. the one what 21. Mr. Zhang gave the textbook to all the pupils except _ who had lready taken them. A. the ones B. ones C. some D. the others 22. The train _ she was travelling was late. A. which B. where C. on which D. in that 24. Antarctic _ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round. A. which B. where C. that D. about which 27. May the fourth is the day _ we Chinese people will never forget. A. which B. when C. on which D. about which 29. The hotel _ during our holidays stands by the seaside. A. we stayed at B. where we stayed at C. we stayed D. in that we stayed 34. Is that the reason _ you are in favour of the proposal? A. which B. what C. why D. for that 36. He has two sons, _ work as chemists. A. two of whom B. both of whom C. both of which D. all of whom 41. The two things _ they felt very proud are Jims gold watch and Dellas hair.A. about which B. of which C. in which D. for which 42. The dinner was the most expensive meal we _. A. would have B. have had C. had never had D. had ever had 43. Do you know which hotel _? A. she is staying B. she is staying in C. is she staying D. is she staying in 44. There is only one thing _ I can do. A. what B. that C . all D. which 45. Who can think of a situation _ this idiom can be used? B. A. which B. that C. where D. in that 49. The great day we looked forward to _ at last. C. A. come B. came C. coming D. comes50. I like the second football match _was held last week. D. A. which B. who C. that D. / 1. A football fan(球迷) is _ has a strong interest in football. A. a thing that B. something that C. a person who D. what 3. Can you lend me the novel _ the other day? A. that you talked B. you talked about it C. which you talked with D. you talked about 4. The matter _ you were arguing about last night has been settled. A. that B. what C. why D. for which 5. They talked for about an hour of things and persons _ they remembered in the school. A. which B. that C. who D. whom 6. Who _ has common sense（常识） will do such a thing? A. which B. who C. whom D. that 7. All the apples _ fell down were eaten by the pigs. A. that B. those C. which D. what 8. They asked him to tell them everything _ he saw at the front. A. what B. that C. which D. where 9. Ill tell you _ he told me last night. A. all which B. all what C. that all D. all 10. A child _ parents are dead is called an orphan. A. who B. whos C. whose D. which 11. Is this the museum _ you visited the other day? A. that B. where C. in which D. the one12. Is this museum _ some German friends visited last Wednesday? A. that B. where C. in which D. the one 13. -How do you like the book? -Its quite different from _ I read last month. A. that B. which C. the one D. the one what 14. The train _ she was traveling was late. 13. A. which B. where C. on which D. in that 20. The Second World War _ millions of people were killed ended in 1945. A. when B. during that C. in which D. which 21. He was born in the year _ the Anti-Japanese War broke out. A. which B. when C. on which D. during which 22. Mr. Crossett will never forget the day _ he spent with his various students. A. when B. which C. during which D. on which 23. This is just the place _ I am longing to visit these years. A. that B. where C. in which D. to where 25. The hotel _ during our holidays stands by the seaside. A. we stayed at B. where we stayed at C. we stayed D. in that we stayed 28. Is that the reason _ you are in favor of the proposal? A. which B. what C. why D. for that 6
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