资源描述
Book 3 Unit4 words and expressions导学案【学习目标】 learn the pronunciation and the usage of the new words【重点】 how to use the useful expressions.【难点】 use the useful expressions to make sentences【Self- study 自主学习】 A预习课本P97，BOOK3，UNIT4的单词。B.根据构词法，写出以下单词。1. astronomy n. 天文学 _ n. 天文学家2. religion n. 宗教，宗教信仰 _ adj 宗教的3. globe n. 球体，地球仪，地球 _ adj 全球性的，激烈的4. violent adj. 猛烈的，强暴的，猛烈的 _ n 暴力，猛烈5. fundamental adj 基本的，基础的 _ n. 基础，根本6. lay v 放下，摆设，产（蛋）_(过去式) _(过去分词)lie v 说谎_(过去式)_(过去分词)lie v 躺，平放 _(过去式) _(过去分词)7. prevent v 预防，防止 _ n. 预防，防止 _adj. 可预防的8. harmful adj.有害的 _n&v. 伤害9. exist v. 存在，生存 _n. 存在，生存 _adj. 存在的10. puzzle n.谜，难题 v使迷惑 _adj. 感到疑惑的_adj.令人疑惑的11. biology n.生物学 _n. 生物学家12. gentle adj. 温和的，文雅的 _adv.温和地 _n. 绅士 v13. physicist n. 物理学家 _n. 物理学 _adj. 身体的，物理学的14. float v. 漂浮 _adj. 浮动的，流动性的15. exhaust v 用尽，耗尽 _adj. 筋疲力尽的16. weigh v 称重，权衡 _n. 重量 _adj. 无重力的_adv. 失重地【Cooperative study合作探究】Task1.read the new words and pay attention to the pronunciation.Task2. 1. harmful adj. 有害的 harmless adj 无害的 harm n&v 损害，危害词组：be harmful to 对有害 do harm to sb=do sb harm对某人有害It is obvious that drinking too much is harmful to health. 翻译：_It wouldnt do any harm to him to work harder. 翻译：_This drug is completely harmless to people. 翻译：_【活学活用】吸烟有害健康。_2.exist v 存在，生存，维持生活 词组：exist on 靠为生 come into existence 开始存在，成立 There exists/existed 某地有，存在He could barely exist on such a low wage. 拿着这样微薄的收入，他只能勉强糊口。【活学活用】（1）_always _ (存在)a force of attraction between two bodies.（2）It cant be true that he can _(靠为生)5yuan a week.（3）That word doesnt _(存在) in Chinese.（4）Fish cant _(离开谁就不能生存)（5）When did the world _(开始产生)？3. unlike prep. 不同，不像 adj 不同的，不相似的 unlikely adv 不可能地be likely to do sth 有可能做某事 be unlikely to do sth没可能做某事【活学活用】（1）这趟火车有可能晚点。The train _be late.（2）他不太可能通过考试。He _the exam.4.puzzle v 使迷惑，使为难 n 难题，谜 puzzling adj 令人困惑的（主语是物） puzzled adj 感到困惑的（主语是人）【活学活用】（1）I was _（不知道）how to solve the problem（2）The question is _（令人困惑的）to me.5. pull v 拉；拖；牵引力A horse pulled the cart along the road. 一匹马拉着打车沿着大路走。拆毁；推毁；推翻 pull down 抢到前头 pull ahead火车进站，到站 pull in 火车离站，撤离 pull out 把车靠在路边 pull over使停下 pull up【活学活用】（1）That driver is trying to overtake. Slow down a bit and let him _（先过去）（2）The train _（进站）exactly on time.（3）The driver _（停）at the gate of our school.（4）_（把你的汽车开到一边）and let the visitors pass!6.in time 及时，总有一天，终于The truth will be known to all in time.事实总有一天会被知道。按时 on time曾经，一度 at one time 有时 at times一次，同时 at a time决不，在任何时候都不 at no time立刻，马上 in no time【活学活用】（1）This kind of social phenomenon could exist only for a few months, but it will disappear _.（2）_she wanted to be a nurse, but the thought of working at night put her off.（3）They ran all the way to the corner just _to catch the bus.（4）My honey, life is very difficult and cruel _.Wipe your tears.（5）Deal with your questions separately, one _.（6）Be sure to be _.The meeting is very important.（7）_will we give up.7.in ones turn 轮到某人；接着 依次，轮流，转而，反过来 in turn 轮流，交替 by turns轮到某人做某事 take ones turn依次，轮班，轮流 take turns【活学活用】（1）周末我们轮流做家务。We _ _ _do the housework at the weekend.（2）孩子们逐一自报姓名。The children called out their names _ _（3）I will, _(轮到我), clean the window next week.（4）We kept the watch _(轮流)。8.preventfrom 阻止；制止 prevent/ stop sb （from） doing sth 阻止某人做某事 keep sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事，from不能省略 keep sb doing sth 让某人一直做某事 protect sb/ sth from/ against doing sth 保护不受侵害【活学活用】（1）He always wears a pair of glasses to _(保护眼睛不受太阳光的伤害)（2）Nothing can _(阻止我们去帮助)the villagers.（3）Dont _(让别人等) for so long.9.cheer up 感到高兴；感到振奋 cheer sb up 使某人加油；使某人振奋 cheer on 为加油 cheer sb 为某人喝彩【活学活用】（1）The crowd _ their favorite horse _（加油）（2）_（振作一点）！The news isnt too bad.10. break out （战争、灾难、瘟疫等）突发；爆发（无被动语态） break down 出故障；（计划等）失败；（身体、精神等）垮掉；（化合物等）分解 break in 破门而入，闯入，打断（话语等） break into 破门而入，突然起来 break off 折断；突然中止，断绝，结束 break through 突破 break up 打碎 break into pieces 成为碎片【活学活用】（1）I was late because my car _on the way there.（2）The next Olympics will _in 2012 in London.（3）When the Second World War_, Annes family had to hide only because they were Jews.（4）In fact, he did not want to _her, for he still loved he11. watch out 注意，当心 watch out for=look out for 密切注意，留神同义词组：take care/ be careful/ watch it/ watch over 照看，看守【活学活用】（1） Youll be cheated if you dont _(小心)（2） _(当心)cars while crossing the road.（3） _(当心)not to catch a cold.= _(当心) not to catch a cold.【当堂检测】I. 生词拼写1. 轮到某人_ 2. 猛烈的_3. 阻止做_ 4. 基本的，基础的_5. 及时，终于_ 6. 不同，不像_7. 产生，分娩_ 8. 谜，难题/ 使迷惑_9. 密切注意，当心_ 10. 拉力，拖_11.突发，爆发_ 12. 感到兴奋_13. 说谎lie(原形) _(过去式) _(过去分词)躺下lie(原形)_ (过去式) _(过去分词)放下，摆设，下(蛋)lay(原形)_ (过去式) _(过去分词)II. 词性变化。1. He is often seen treating his pet dog very badly and _and all his neighbours take a _dislike to his _(violence)2. Too much drinking can have _effects on health, _our heart, liver and stomach. However, moderate drinking or_ normal drinking does no _ and may give some alcohol on the blood. (harm)3. The World Trade Organization came into _in the 1990s. It helps to reduce trade barriers when disagreements between nations _or when negotiation is needed.(exist)4. Women are much more critical of their _than men. Although age does not mean the _of beauty, many want to made to _younger than their age.(appear)5. Mr Green, _over 200kg, found it amazing to become _in space, forgetting about all the trouble and inconvenience in daily life caused by his heavy _(weight)【课后作业】高中英语同步讲练测P80课时训练I.II.III.IV Book3 Unit4 Reading 导学案I. Read the passage and match the main idea with each paragraph. Para. 1 (A)The formation(形成) of the earth. Para. 2 (B)The importance of water for life. Para. 3 (C)A widely accepted theory about the formation of the universe.Para. 4 (D)The arrival of humans and their impact on the earth. Para. 5 (E)The development of plants and animals on the earth.II. Read and answer the following questions. Careful readingPara. 1 How did the universe begin?What happened to all the matter after the Big Bang?Para. 2 How old is the Earth? _What is the earths atmosphere made up of?Para. 3 Choose the best answer.Why was the earth different from other plants?A. It produced a lot of heat B. The water remained C water disappeared D. It was the oldest planetWhy was water very important for the beginning of life?_Para. 4 Why did animals first appear in the seas?_Why were mammals different from other animals?_Para. 5 Choose the best answer.What problem is caused by human beings? ( )A .They exist everywhere on the earth B .They cause global warmingC. They find new methods of growing crops D. They enjoy hunting and fishingIII. Read the text and fill in the blanks in the following form. The development of lifeTimeWhat happenedBig Bang_ began to form and combine to create stars and other bodies.Between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years agoDust settled into a solid and _globe .The earth exploded to produce its_ .The continued _ of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and _ into the oceans and seas.Many millions of years laterThe first small plants on the surface of the water produced_ .Early _ and all sorts of fish appeared.Green plants began to grow on land. Insects and_ appeared.Many millions of years later_ appeared and they laid eggs.Dinosaurs developed, laid eggs and _ for more than 140 million years.Mammals rose and _ babies.About 2.6 million years agoSome small _ animals with hands and feet appeared and spread all over the earth.NowHumans produce too much carbon _, making the earth too hot.IV. Post-reading True (T) or False (F).( )1. The earth appeared before the Big Bang happened.( )2. The main difference between the earth and other planets is that there is water on the earth.( )3. Life began in water and then on land.( )4. Mammals appeared before the development of dinosaurs.( )5. Dinosaurs could give birth to young baby animals and produced milk to feed them. Book 3 Unit4 Grammar导学案名词性从句（II）【Self- study 自主学习】1. That he will attend the meeting has excited every one of us.2. Whether the work can be completed on time is doubtful3. What she did is not yet known4. Why he didnt come here is not clear to everyone5. When the broadcast station will be ready is unknown6. It is clear that he was telling the truth.我的发现（1） 黑体部分在句中都充当_（2） 句_中_只起连接作用，不作任何成分（3） 句2中whether 意为“_”（4） 句3中what 在句中作_（5） 句4、5中why 和when 在句中作_（6） 句6中it 作_【Cooperative study合作探究】主语从句定义：主语从句在复合句中做句子的主语，放在主句谓语动词之前，或者由it在句首充当形式主语，而从句本身后置。引导主语从句的有连词that, whether, as if；连接代词who, what, which; 连接副词when, where, how, why等。1. that 的用法that 在句中不作任何成分，只起连接作用，但不能省略，如That we need more equipment is quite obvious. 我们需要更多的装备，这是相当明显的。【练一练】众所周知，地球是圆的。_is well known.2. whether 的用法表示“是否”的意思，不能与if替换Whether we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.我们明天是否在户外开晚会要看天气而定。【练一练】她来不来都没有关系。 _makes no difference.3. 连接代词（who, what, which, whatever, whoever等）Who he is is not important. 他是谁并不重要。What he told me was true. 他告诉我的话是真的。 Whoever fails the exam shall not be allowed to go home. 无论谁考试不及格都不许回家。 Whatever we said must be kept secret. 我们所说的一切都必须保密。 Whichever book you choose dosent matter to me. 你选哪一本书不关我的事。【练一练】哪一边会赢还不清楚。_ is not clear. 他所做的增加了我们的困难。_ added to our difficulty. 不论谁最后离开教室必须关窗户。_has to close the window.4. 连接副词（when, why, where, how等） Why he did it remains a mystery.When they will start is not known yet.How he became a great scientist is known to us all.【练一练】不论多么困难，我们一定要学好英语。_ hard it is, we must learn English well.为什么恐龙灭绝了仍然是个谜。 _ still remains a mystery.我们的运动会什么时候举行仍然不确定。_ is uncertain.他来自哪里仍然使我们迷惑。_still puzzles all of us.5. 主语从句中it作形式主语的结构（1）It + be + adj (obvious, true, natural, strange, etc) + that从句It is certain that she will do well in her exam. 无疑她会在考试中取得好成绩。（2）It + be + n词组(no wonder, an honour, a pity, etc.) + that从句Its no surprise that our team should have won the game. 我们队没赢这场比赛真是意外。（3）It + be + 过去分词（said, reported, thought, expected, etc.）+ that从句It has been proved that what you said is right. 已经得到证实，你说的是对的。（4）It + 不及物动词（happen, seem, appear, etc.）+ that从句It seems that he has lost something. 似乎他丢了什么东西。【练一练】你不能来真是遗憾。_他有必要知道怎样操作那台机器。_据说他来自美国。_似乎要下雨了。_6. 主语从句要注意的事项。（1）主语从句的语序：在任何情况下，主语从句都用陈述语气。How he succeeded is still a puzzle. 他是如何成功的仍然是个谜。判断正误：( )What will they learn through the course is something parents want to know. ( ) What they will learn through the course is something parents want to know.（2）使用主语从句时，主句位于动词的单复数问题。主语为从句时，一般要用单数谓语动词形式。但是如果引导的从句作主语且表示复数概念（常可以总表语上看出）时，位于动词则常用复数形式。What we need is time.What we need are more workers for the project.What they need _booksWhat they need _love. 如果由and连接两个或者两个以上的主语从句时，谓语动词用复数；When they will start and where they will go have not been decided yet. 如果有两个或者多个连接词引导一个主语从句时，谓语动词用单数When and where the meeting will be held has not been decided.（3）主语从句的引导词的选用That, whether, who(ever), what(ever)和 which(ever), when(ever), where(ever), how(ever)和 why 等都可以引导主语从句，应根据引导词在主语从句中所充当的成分，结合主语从句的具体意义，选择合适的引导词。A：that 在主语从句中不充当任何成分，无词义，只起连接作用。B：what除起连接作用外，还在主语从句中充当句子成分，可作主语从句的主语，宾语或表语。What interested me most was the great painting on the wall. (主语)What he will become in the next moment is unknown. (表语)C：引导主语从句，不能用if,只能用whetherWhether we will hole the sports meeting depends on the weather. 【当堂检测】Task1. Fill in the blanks with proper Introductory words1. _ you dont like him is none of my business. 2. _ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.3. _ he came from still puzzles all of us.4. _ was responsible for the accident is not yet clear.5. _the headmaster said today was quite right. .6._ of them escaped from the prison is still a mystery.7._ the plane is to take off has not been announced. Task2高考链接1、It is still under discussion _ the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not .A、whether B、when C、which D、where2、The villagers have already known _ well do is to rebuild the bridge.A、this B、that C、what D、which3、It never occurred to me _ you could succeed in persuading him to chang his mind.A、which B、what C、 that D、if4、It is uncertain _ side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it.A、that B、what C、how D、whether
展开阅读全文