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2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（浙江卷）英语试题解析第一部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分80分） 从A B C D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处地最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1. -Im sorry I didnt make it to your party last night.- _, I know youre busy these days.A. Of courseB. No kiddingC. Thats all nightD. Dont mention it【答案】C【解析】情景交际今年首次出现在第一题，说明了高考重视应用的趋势。完整的问句和答句的后半句都是提示信息：根据问句中的Imsorry可以排除选项A、B；根据后半句“我知道你最近几天很忙”可以排除选项D。2. Experts think that _recently discovered painting may be _ Picsso. A. the ;不填B. a ;theC. a; 不填D. the; a 【答案】D【解析】本题考点为冠词，每年必考一题，常为区分某名词是特指还是泛指。根据句意“专家们认为这幅最近本发现的画作可能是一幅毕加索的作品。”可知前一空应该是表示特指的定冠词the；后一空用不定冠词a加上毕加索的名字（该单词学生在不认识的情况下，可以观察到其开头字母大写，应该是人名或地名类的专有名词，再由全句判断得出词义），表示其众多作品之一，泛指。3. Bats are surprisingly long lived creatures some _a life span of around 20 years. A. having B. had C. have D. to have 【答案】A【解析】本题的考点为独立主格结构，判断依据是逗号前后主语不同，前者是所有蝙蝠，而后者是某些蝙蝠（主语前后不一致又没有用连词引导的从句结构，这是少见的“独立主格”标志）。题干主句意为“蝙蝠是一种长寿得令人吃惊的造物”，主谓宾成分俱全，可以确定后面的部分为修饰性的“补充说明型”独立主格，相当于一个并列句，通常放在句末，主动关系，形式为：逻辑主语+现在分词=somehaving。4. One Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away _my daughter heard cries for help.A. afterB. whileC. sinceD. when【答案】D【解析】本题考点为状语从句的连词，在初中阶段就是重点。题干里的前面一个成分俱全的句子为主句，时态为进行时，故排除选项A、C；连词后面的句子一定是从句，时态为一般时，故排除B。意思是“当我女儿听到呼救声时，我们正在打包准备外出一周。”5. I always wanted to do the job which Id been trained _.A. onB. forC. byD. of【答案】B【解析】本题考点为动词搭配，需要考生注意平时积累，或也可以从所跟的介词辨析大胆推测短语意思。train做动词意为“训练”，主句意思是“我总想从事的工作”，后面的定语从句说明是什么样的工作，应该是“我一直以来（完成时）为此（for）被训练（被动式）的”，介词for表目的。其余选项trainon锻炼得有所改善；trainby和trainof并无习惯语义。6. The school isnt the one I really wanted to go to, but I suppose Ill just have to _it,A. make the best of B. get away from C. keep an eye onD. catch up with【答案】A【解析】本题考题为习语辨析，没有生词，注重平时积累和语境分析。选项A意为“充分利用；尽力而为；妥善处理”；选项B意为“避免，摆脱；逃离”；选项C意为“照看；密切注视”；选项D意为“赶上，追上；逮捕”。题干是转折句（逗号后有but），前半句完整表达“这所学校不是我真正想去的”，后面“但是我将不得不”应该选表示肯定的、积极的意思“尽力而为或者善用它”。7. Since people are fond of humor, it is as well in conversation as _ else.A. anythingB. somethingC. anywhereD. somewhere【答案】A【解析】考查省略句和句子成分。当句中出现asas“像一样”时，考生应该确定前后两个部分是可比较的，也就是是词性或者结构必须相同。这里还原整句itisaswelcomeinconversationasitisinelse.这里的必须跟前面的conversation词性统一，再结合句意应该选A.anything（名词，任何事请）。8. English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of _ uses it somewhat differently. A. which B. what C. them D. those 【答案】A【解析】考点为高一重点非限制性定语从句，其实考生看到那标志性的逗号就应该有所觉悟。前面主句完成不缺成分，故后面部分一定为状语或定语从句，根据句意可以判断出后面是对前面cultures的解释，则确定是定语从句cultures即先行词，排除B（并非名词性从句）、C（代词，引导从句不当）、D（副词，词不达意）。9. The professor could tell by the _ look in Marias eyes that she didnt understand a single word of his lecture. A. cold B. blank C. innocent D. fresh 【答案】C【解析】本题考查词汇，根据后半句提供的信息选择答案。That后面的从句完整表达了“她一点都不懂他的讲座”可得知前面空格处应该填“无知的”，选项C.innocent（无知的；无辜的）符合题意。10. A bank is the place _ they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain. A. when B. that C. where D. there【答案】C【解析】主句主系表结构俱全，后面一定是起修饰作用的定语或状语从句，看意思从句是在解释前面的place是一个怎么样的地方，确定是定语从句且先行词即place。而从句主谓宾结构俱全也不缺成分，因此用连接副词where在从句中代替place充当状语。句子的中文直译：银行，是在天晴之时借伞给你、到了下起雨来之时就催你还回去的地方。11. - Hows your new babysitter? - We _ ask for a better one. All our kids love her so much. A. should B. might C. mustnt D. couldnt 【答案】D【解析】本题考点为情态动词结合语境的用法，高一的重点。首句问对方的保姆怎么样，答句的后面句完整表达了“我们孩子都非常喜欢她。”，那么答句的前半句“我们要求一个更好的。”一定是否定才符合语境，排除A、B，选项C.musnt表示“禁止做”辞不达意，故而选D，“我们不能找到更好的了”。12. He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of _ at a hotel for the night. A. putting down B. putting off C. putting on D. putting up 【答案】D【解析】本题考查惯用词组的引申义，注意平时积累。根据句意我们可以知道这里应该是填一个有“住下”含义的词组，肯定不是这些put系列词组的基本义，其中putup除了“举起”之意外，还有“留宿”的意思，符合题意。13. Ive been writing this report _ for the last two weeks, but it has to be handed in tomorrow. A. finally B. immediately C. occasionally D. certainly 【答案】C【解析】考查词汇结合语境的用法。前半句说话人“写报道”用了进行时，再加上后半句是“明天必须上交”，说明没有写完因此不能是时间点标志的副词finally（最后）、immediately（立刻），而occasionally（偶尔，间或）符合句意。D选项certainly（当然）是干扰选项不贴切句意。14. Even the best writers sometimes find themselves _ for words. A. lose B. lost C. to lose D. having lost【答案】B【解析】此题考查仍是非谓语动词，或也可以从Lostforwords.（欲言又止；迷失语言）这一习语来理解。此题易误选C，考生可能会将findsb.todo跟findoneself（tobe）done混淆。根据句意可知谓语动词是find“发现”，“即使最好的作家有时也会发现自己”，四个选项围绕lose变化。动词lose的基本义是“使迷路”，引申义是“使沉溺于”（使动用法容易被考生忽略），跟逻辑主语themselves的关系是被动，只有选项B满足。15. The manager was worried about the press conference his assistant _ in his place but, luckily, everything was going on smoothly. A. gave B. gives C. was giving D. had given 【答案】D【解析】本题考点为动词时态，四个选项围绕动词give变化且没有被动式或者不定式（不是考非谓语动词了）。主句时态为过去时，从句动作发生在“过去的过去”，因此用过去完成时hadgiven。16. My schedule is very _ right now, but Ill try to fit you in. A. tight B. short C. regular D. flexible 【答案】A【解析】考查词汇辨析，理解句意考生需要读懂词干。schedule是时间表的意思，but转折后的句意是“但我会试着找时间给你（做某事）”因此转折前肯定是时间表本身很满或者很紧张，因此选A。17. - Can I come and have a look at your new house? - Yes, _! A. with pleasure B. I like it C. I quite agree D. by all means 【答案】D【解析】本题考查情景交际用语，结合语境理解。根据语境问句是典型的CanI提出祈求而非建议，故不能选A（withpleasure是对建议的回答，“乐意地”），选项B和C不恰当，选项D.byallmeans（一定，务必）表示肯定回答，符合句意。18. Anyway, I cant cheat him - its against all my _. A. emotions B. principles C. regulations D. opinions【答案】B【解析】本题考查词汇，名词辨析。题干意为“无论如和，我不能骗他这违背我的”选项emotions情绪；regulations规程；opinions意见，因此选principles原则最合句意。这里考生不要钻牛角尖觉得某个选项也“说得通”，词义辨析一定要选四个里面最贴切文意的。19. If they win the final tonight, the team are going to tour around the city _ by their enthusiastic supporters. A. being cheeredB. be cheeredC. to be cheered D. were cheered【答案】C【解析】考查知识点为非谓语动词，因此首先排除B和D（前面已经有aregoingtotour，又没有连词，不可能出现两个独立谓语。）A和C都表示被动，区别在于动名词beingdone表示抽象、经常性、已发生的，而动词不定式tobedone表示具体、一次性、将发生的。根据整个句子（条件状语从句，而且还是虚拟语气），这里有tobedone表目的。20. I dont think Ill be able to go mountain-climbing tomorrow. - _? A. And how B. How come C. Hows it going D. How about it【答案】B【解析】本题仍然考查情景交际，也要用到语法知识。问句为陈述事实“我觉得自己明天不能爬山了。”，按照语境答句应该是询问对方不能爬山的原因。选项A表达不全因此语义不明；选项C是询问别人情况怎么样D.Howaboutit？是问别人认为某事物怎么样，都没有询问原因的意味。Howcome?在英语口语中有“怎么会？为什么？”的意思，符合语境。【点评】该试卷对考生语用能力的要求较以往有较大提高。如单项选择题中，纯语法知识的考查题量大幅度减少，取而代之的是大量“完形填空式”的试题，要求考生在理解题干的基础上做出恰当的选择。这些都对考生的修辞知识、语境知识、对语法（词法和句法）知识的灵活运用等综合语言运用能力提出了更高的要求。除了第1、17、20小题是交际题，第3、4、5、8、10等少数几题直接考查语法知识题外，绝大多数试题是根据上下文的语境、语义、修辞等进行解答，对语用能力的要求有所提高。如第9题的blank (look)，第16题中的tight (schedule)等。第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从2140各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将选项标号涂黑。Although I love my life, it hasnt been a lot of fun as Ive been ill for 28 years.Music has always been a great love of mine and, in my 20s, when my 21 was more manageable , I 22 ten years as a professional singer in restaurants, playing and singing folk songs. 23 that was years ago and times have changed. 24 I live with mother on a country farm.Two years ago, I decided that I would need to have some kind of extra work to 25 my disability pension (残疾抚恤金). 26 I needed to sleep in the afternoons, I was limited in my 27 . I decided that I would consider 28 to singing in restaurants.My family are all musicians, so I was 29 when I went into our local music store. I explained that I wanted to sing again but using recorded karaoke music. I knew that discs were very expensive and I really didnt have a lot of 30 to get started. And 31 you find only three to four songs out of ten on a disc that you can 32 use. When I told the owner of the shop about my 33 ; he gave me a long thoughtful 34 . “This means a lot to you, doesnt it?” he said. “Come with me.” He led me 35 the crowded shop and to a bench with a large professional karaoke box on it. He placed his large hand 36 on his treasure and said, “I have 800 karaoke songs in here. You can take your 37 and Ill record them for you. That should get you started.” I 38 . Thanking him, I made a time with him to listen to all the songs and choose 39 that I could sing. I have come full circle with his help. His 40 still warms my heart and makes me do just that bit extra, when I have the chance. 21. A. loneliness B. sadness C. tiredness D. sickness22. A. set B. enjoyed C. kept D. shared 23. A. Gladly B. Eventually C. Unfortunately D. Surprisingly 24. A. Now B. Then C. Sometime D. Meanwhile 25. A. add up to B. make up for C. get rid of D. take advantage of 26. A. If B. As C. Though D. Before 27. A. movement B. condition C. choices D. positions 28. A. reaching out B. living up C. getting on D. going back 29. A. recognized B. interviewed C. found D. invited 30. A. money B. time C. energy D. knowledge 31. A. thus B. once C. seldom D. often 32. A. actually B. hardly C. nearly D. formerly 33. A. job B. family C. idea D. offer 34. A. face B. view C. look D. sight 35. A. over B. along C. towards D. through 36. A. unhappily B. lovingly C. pitifully D. gratefully 37. A. pick B. turn C. role D. step 38. A. had to cry B. ought to cry C. should have cried D. could have cried 39. A. more B. the ones C. few D. the rest 40. A. courage B. devotion C. kindness D. trust 【点评】2011年高考英语浙江卷完形填空部分原文节选于读者文摘（ReadersDigest)澳大利亚版，考题略有删节，并替换掉原文中超过高考范围的词汇，采取同义词替换的手段使原文表述通畅。所选文章延续历年出题模式，以记叙文为题材，选取作者在生命中不平凡的阶段受到陌生人帮助的事实，歌颂和赞扬人间真情和助人的美德。【解析】21题，属于上文提示法，首句中出现ill，此选项应是ill的同义表达，故选D.sickness。22题，属于上文提示法，上句出现病情可以manageable，所以作者应该是享受那段过去的美好时光，故选B.enjoyed。此选项在2009年全国一卷完形填空部分第41题出现过，且也为正确选项。23题，属于下文解释法，下文出现发生改变，结合首句作者生病，可推出作者表达的是不幸的情绪，故选C.unfortunately。此选项为高考完形填空中的的高频选项。24题，属于转折对比法，上文出现yearsago和changed，因此推出此题应回归现实，故选A.now。此选项在2009年浙江卷完形填空部分第37题出现过，且也为正确选项。25题，属于固定搭配法，addupto总计，makeupfor弥补，补偿，getridof处理，摆脱，takeadvantageof利用，此题应选B.makeupfor。此选项考生不应陌生，2009年浙江卷完形填空部分第21题D选项曾出现过此词，可见背历年考题中的选项部分的重要性。26题，属于逻辑关系法，此法多用于句子与句子之间，解决连词的问题。此题因为作者下午需要睡觉，所以受到限制。故选B.As。27题，属于上文解释法，第三段首句提到作者打算做某事，但由于病情，下午需要睡觉，所以选择受限，故选C.choices。28题，属于前后照应法，上文提到过几年之前唱歌的事实，此处再次出现要去唱歌，故选D.goingback。29题，属于中文代入法，全家都是音乐家，所以走进音像店会被认出，故选A.recognized。30题，属于AandB法，这是并列结构，要求前后词性与词义要相似，几乎在每年的高考完形中都会考查这个知识点。本题and之前说东西很贵，之后理应推出没有足够的钱，故选A.money。31题，属于反义多一对，即四个选项中有一组反义词，答案多在这组反义词中出现。此题C和D构成反义结构，根据文章信息，故选D.often。32题，属于中文代入法，实际上一张光盘里的十首歌也只有三/四首可以用，故选A.actually。33题，属于上文提示法，上文中作者有提到过想再次唱歌的这个想法，故选C.idea。34题，属于同义辨析法，此考查点多在四级考试完形填空部分中出现，在2008年高考英语浙江卷第26题也曾考查过，当年的难度系数约为0.32。此题中的B.view强调的是眺望风景，C.look强调看的眼神，D.sight强调视力，本文店主深深地看了作者，属于眼神之间的交流，故选C.look。35题，属于固定搭配法，店主带领作者穿过拥挤的店铺，从空间穿过，故选D.through。36题，属于感情色彩法，此法多用于解决形容词或副词。下文出现treasure，因此可以推出店主对自己的宝物爱不释手，心爱地触摸，故选B.lovingly。37题，属于固定搭配法，takeyourpick，美国俚语，随你挑选的意思，故选A.pick。38题，属于语法识别法，近几年高考完形填空部分逐步淡化语法点考查，一般只会涉及一道。C.shouldhavecried,本应该做的事情而没有做，放在原文中过于牵强，而本题是作者受到店主的感激，非常感动，本可以哭但没有哭，故选D.couldhavecried。39题，属于寻找重复法，31题与32题之前曾出现onlythreetofoursongs.canuse，对应.couldsing,故选B.theones。40题，属于主旨概况法，即所选选项要与原文中心相一致。本文详细描述店主对作者的帮助，店主的善举感动作者，故选C.kindness。第二部分：阅读理解（第一节20小题，第二节5小题；每小题2分，满分50分）第一节：阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。AOne evening in February 2007, a student named Paula Ceely brought her car to a stop on a remote road in Wales. She got out to open a metal gate that blocked her path .Thats when she heard the whistle sounded by the driver of a train. Her Renault Clio was parked across a railway line. Seconds later, she watched the train drag her car almost a kilometre down the railway tracks.Ceelys near miss made the news because she blamed it on he GPS (导航仪). She had never driven the route before. It was dark and raining heavily. Ceely was relying on her GPS, but it made no mention of the crossing. “I put my complete trust in the device and it led me right into the path of a speeding train,” she told the BBC.Who is to blame here? Rick Stevenson, who tells Ceelys story in his book When Machines Fail Us, points the finger at the limitations of technology. We put our faith in digital devices, he says, but our digital helpers are too often not up to the job. They are filled with small problems. And its not just GPS devices: Stevenson takes us on a tour of digital disasters involving everything from mobile phones to wireless keyboards.The problem with his argument in the book is that its not clear why he only focuses on digital technology, while there may be a number of other possible causes. A map-maker might have left the crossing off a paper map. Maybe we should blame Ceely for not paying attention. Perhaps the railway authorities are at fault for poor singalling system. Or maybe someone has studied the relative dangers and worked out that there really is something specific wrong with the GPS equipment. But Stevenson doesnt say. Its a problem that runs through the book. In a section on cars, Stevenson gives an account of the advanced techniques that criminals use to defeat computer-based locking systems for cars. He offers two independent sets of figures on car theft; both show a small rise in some parts of the country. He says that once again not all new locks have proved reliable. Perhaps, but maybe its also due to the shortage of policemen on the streets. Or changing social circumstances. Or some combination of these factors. The game between humans and their smart devices is amusing and complex. It is shaped by economics and psychology and the cultures we live in. Somewhere in the mix of those forces there may be a way for a wiser use of technology.If there is such a way, it should involve more than just an awareness of the shortcomings of our machines. After all, we have lived with them for thousands of years. They have probably been fooling us for just as long.41.What did Paula Ceely think was the cause of her accident？A. She was not familiar with the road.B. It was dark and raining heavily then.C. The railway workers failed to give the signal.D. Her GPS device didnt tell her about the crossing.42.The phrase “near miss” (Paragraph 2) can best be replaced by_.A. close hitB. heavy lossC. narrow escapeD. big mistake43. Which of the following would Rick Stevenson most probably agree with?A. Modern technology is what we cant live without.B. Digital technology often falls short of our expectation.C. Digital devices are more reliable than they used to be.D. GPS error is not the only cause for Ceelys accident.44. In the writers opinion, Stevensons argument is _.A. one-sided B. reasonable C. puzzling D. well-based45. What is the real concern of the writer of this article?A. The major causes of traffic accidents and car thefts.B. The relationship between human and technology.C. The shortcomings of digital devices we use.D. The human unawareness of technical problems.【解析】41 答案D。主人翁对这件事情发表的原因，我们因为着重关注第二段。她完全依靠GPS帮她引路，但是这个高科技居然把她带到了火车铁轨上，害得她险些送命。根据第二段最后一个话得出。C答案，主人翁没有提到，B 选项是天气影响因素，并不是造成此次事件的主要原因。A 很有迷惑性，但是我们仔细想一下，既然使用GPS，说明她本来就对路线不熟，才会借助高科技。 42. 答案C。GPS把她带到了飞速运行的火车线路上，这是一次非常危险的经历，但是她并没有发生意外，算是死里逃生，near miss， narrow escape表达的就是这层含义。其实根据第一段最后一句the train drag her car almost a kilometer down the railway tracks，火车拖着她的车差点就进入铁轨了，所以是死里逃生啊。 43. 答案B。出现Stevenson观点就3、5，所以我们要着重把这三段看仔细了。“We put our faith in digital device, he says, but our digital helpers are too often not up to the job.”我们把信仰关注在数码设备上，但是往往，他们却不合我们的心意，所以数码技术常常没有达到我们的期望。词眼“expectation”和“faith”相关，值得关注。 44. 答案A。选项四个褒贬都有，说明文章中肯定存在着与他看法相悖的理论。我们看第四段，“while there may be a number of other possible causes. A map makes might have left the. Maybe we should blame Ceely for not paying attention, Perhaps the railway authorities are at fault for poor signaling system work out that there really is something specific wrong with the GPS equipment.”造成此次事故或者其他高科技失灵事件，可能还有其他很多原因，比如主观人为的，或者是火车信号系统不好等等， But Stevenson doesnt say. 所以他的观点是片面的。 45. 一般性最后一体都会问到主旨大意，作者的观点等等，要做好这一题，我们要继续往后看，6、7两段点出了文章的主题思想。The game between humans and their smart devices is amusing and complex . 是人与科技之间的游戏是复杂的，所以文章讲的是人类与科技之间的关系。B46. What does the word “pump” mean in “He ran in every five minutes to pump me about the case”?A. Talk with. B. Ask for information.C. Listen to. D. Provide with evidence.47. When Sally says “The TV program kept pumping out commercials”, she may be_.A. excited B. interested C. annoyed D. worried48. What will the government most probably provide if it is engaged in a pump-priming program? A. Sums of money. B. Raw materials. C. Human resources. D. Media support. 49. When Sylvia says “His speech was OK but it had no real punch”, she thinks it was not_.A. fluent and impressive B. logical and movingC. informative and significant D. interesting and powerful【解析】46. 答案B。这道题是现学现卖型，考查的是学生的查阅资料能力。第二个三角形顺数第六行讲到，“to keep asking some for information: she was pumping me for details of the new project”跟问句中“pump me about the case”，跟这句话意思相符，这样，答案就很好得出了。47. 答案C。第四个三角形，讲的是Pump的一些固定词组搭配，第一个pump sth out 第四行，to produce words or loud music in a way that is repeated, forceful and continuous, 也可从the government keeps pumping out the same old propaganda（政治宣传）得出。或者我们结合生活常识，当我们在看喜欢的电视剧时，忽然出现一次又一次的广告，我们的情绪是不是会很厌烦呢。所以选择C48答案A。在文中找到pump-priming, the government is awarding small, pump-priming grants to single mothers who are starting their own business”, award是本题的词眼，与解题有关。说到奖励，当然跟钱少不了关系，所以选择A49答案D。前面的一些题目是围绕pump, 本段跳跃到punch，所以要毫无顾忌地跳过pun，直接寻找有punch的板块。顺数第三行，the power to be interesting and have a strong effect on people, 以及紧随其后的例子 I felt the performance /speech/presentation lacked punch.看出，尤其是词眼“speech”刚好有对应，所以选DCIn the more and more competitive service industry, it is no longer enough to promise customer satisfaction. Today, customer “delight” is what companies are trying to achieve in order to keep and increase market share. It is accepted in the marketing industry, and confirmed by a number of researchers, that customers receiving good service will promote business by telling up to 12 other people; those treated badly tell tales of woe to up to 20 people. Interestingly, 80 percent of people who feel their complaints are handled fairly will stay loyal. New challenges for customer care have come when people can obtain goods and services through telephone call centers and the Internet. For example, many companies now have to invest (投资) a lot of money in information technology and staff training in order to cope with the “phone rage”- caused by delays in answering calls, being cut off in mid-conversation or left waiting for long periods.“Many people do not like talking to machines,” says Dr, Storey, Senior Lecturer in Marketing at City University Business School. “Banks, for example, encourage staff at call centers to use customer data to establish instant and good relationship with then. The aim is to make the customer feel they know you and that you can trust them the sort of comfortable feelings people have during face-to-face chats with their local branch manager.”Recommended ways of creating customer delight include: under-promising and over-delivering (saying that a repair will be carried out within five hours, but getting it done within two) replacing a faulty product immediately; throwing in a gift voucher (购物礼券)as an unexpected “thank you” to regular customers; and always returning calls, even when they are complaints.Aiming for customer delight is all very well, but if services do not reach the high level promised, disappointment or worse will be the result. This can be eased by offering an apology and an explanation of why the service did not meet usual standards with empathy (for example, “I know how you must feel”), and possible solutions (replacement, compensation or whatever fairness suggests b
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