资源描述
(小学)人教新目标和仁爱版初一英语上下册语法归纳及练习一、1.英语26个字母中共有5个原音字母.Aa,Ee,Ii,Oo,Uu五个字母是原音字母,其余为辅音字母。2.下列情况英语的第一个单词的首字母要大写。如:How are you? Im fine.Thank you.3.姓名中指性的词或指名的词首字母要大写。如:Tom 汤姆 Zhou Jun 4.单词I(我)永远都要大写 5.称呼的首字母要大写。如:Ms.Liu刘老师(刘女士)Miss Wang王小姐 Mr.Chen陈先生/陈老师6.地点名词首字母要大写。如:China中国England英国二、a一个,一an一个, 冠词a用于辅音音素前,一般读作e a book一本书。而an则用于元音音素前,一般读做en。如an apple一个苹果, an orange一个橘子, an elephant 一头大象an eraser一个橡皮 an eye一个眼睛, an ear一个耳朵, an egg一个鸡蛋,an ice-cream一条冰激凌,an hour一小时an honest man一个诚实的男人an ant一只蚂蚁an old dog一条老狗an alphabet一个字母表an animal一个动物an actor一个男演员an e-card一张电子贺卡an email一封电子邮件an office一间办公室an owl一只猫头鹰an English一个英国人an ear一个耳朵 an elephant一条大象练习一、a,an填空。a用在发辅音的字母的单词前,an用在发元音的字母的单词前。a,e,i,o,u是元音字母一般发元音,剩下的都发辅音。“an hour一小时” “an honest boy一个诚实的男孩”这两个是特殊的1.( )apple,( )orange ,( )window,( )elephant ,( )book,( ) eraser ( ) eye ,( )bag,( )ear, ( )cap,( )hat, ( )egg, ( )pen,( )ice-cream, ( )pupil, ( )email,( )pig( )office( )teacher, ( )school, ( )classroom, ( )e-card,( ) English( )teacher,( )actor,( ) owl,( )door, ( )banana( )hour,( )bird,( )old dog,( )cat, ( )alphabet ,( )monkey( )animal ,( )boy,( )girl,( )bike, ( )ant( )child ( )honest boy ( )ear 2.This is old dog 3.That is cat 4.It is animal 5.There is hour 6. Im boy 7. I have egg. 8.There is English in the room 9.Its panda. 10.I have got monkey. 11. Im pupil 12.Im honest pupil.三、Be系动词(am, is , are)用法be有三种形式am, is 和are,要注意它们的搭配是固定的。连系动词be是am, is, are三者的原形,一般不直接出现在句子中,而是以am, is, are的形式出现。它们各有分工,而且随着主语的人称和数的变化而变化。am最专一,始终跟着I(我)转;are(是) 跟you(你,你们), we(我们) ,they(它、他、她们),these(这些),those(那些)及表复数名词或复数意义的词连用;is的交际最广泛,is与“他、he,她、she它it”形影不离,至于名词单数,指示代词(this这/that那)都与is结下不解之缘。 刚开始学习英语的同学,往往对连系动词be与主语人称保持一致的问题把握不好。为此,建议你在歌谣中熟悉连系动词be的“身影”: 我(I)用am,你(you)用are,is连着他(he),她(she),它(it);遇到复数全用are单数名词用is,复数名词全用are。变疑问,往前提,句末问号莫丢弃。变否定,更容易,be后not莫忘记。疑问否定任你变,句首大写莫迟疑。I am = Im . you are = youre . they are = theyre . we are = were It is = Its. He is = Hes. She is = shes . There are =Therere Those are = Thosere Lets = Let us . what is = whats . who is = whos . where are = wherere练习二、am, is, are填空。am只能和I(我)连用,is和第三人称单数it(它),he,(他)she(她)连用。This(这)That( 那 )这两个都是第三人称单数。are和you(你)、these(这些)those(那些)复数连用。懂什么是复数吗?两个或两个以上的人或东西、事物叫复数。有does出现动词要变原形。 1.I (我)_ _a boy. _ _you(你)a boy? No, I(我)_ _ not. 2.The girl(这个女孩)_ _ Jacks sister. 3. The dog (这条狗)_ tall and fat. 4. The man with big eyes(长着大眼睛的男人) _ _ a teacher. 5. _ _ your brother(你的弟弟) in the classroom? 6.Where _ _ your mother(你的母亲)?7. She (她)_ _ at home.8.How _ _ your father(你的父亲)?9. Mike and Liu Tao (麦克和刘涛)_ _ at school.10.Whose dress _ _ this(这)? 11. That(那)_ _ my red skirt. 12.They(他们) dogs. 13. This(这)_ _ not Wang Fangs pencil.14.She(她) a teacher. 15.Whose socks _ _ they(它们)?16.He(他) an old man. 17.Who _ _ I(我)? 18.You(你) a boy. 19.My sisters (我姐姐的)name _ _Nancy.20.We(我们) pupils.21.It(它) an apple. 22.This(这) a book. 23.That(那) orange. 24.These(这些) cats. 25.Daming and I (我和大明) good friend. 26.Those(那些) window.27.They( 他们) good friends. 28.My parents(我的父母亲) teachers.四、 名词的复数形式1)一般情况下在后面加s。如:father-fathers, book- books,apple-apples,banana- bananas2)以x, sh, ch, s, 后加es。如:box-es, glass-es, dress-es, watch-es, wish-es,fax-es ,brush-es,class-es,match-es,dish-es.bus-es3)以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es如baby-babies,family-families, duty-duties,country-countries ,story-stories4)以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, way-ways, 5)以o结尾加es:只有: tomato-tomatoes西红柿, potato-potatoes马铃薯,hero-heroes英雄,mango-mangoes芒果。其它的加s6)以f或fe结尾的变f变为v再加es。如:knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves,thief-thieves, life-lives7)单复数相同(不变的:sheep-sheep绵羊deer-deer鹿Chinese-Chinese中国人Japanese-Japanese日本People-people人,人们8)特殊形式的有:child-children小孩, man-men男人, woman-women女人, foot-feet脚 ,tooth-teeth牙,mouse-mice老鼠,policeman-police警察,Englishman-Englishmen英国人,goose-geese鹅,9)不可数名词没有复数形式,不可数名词有:fish鱼肉soup汤water 水 ice 冰 tea 茶 meat 肉 milk 牛奶coffee(咖啡) rice(米饭)bread(面包) juice (果汁) food食物icecream冰激淋chicken鸡肉paper纸chocolate巧克力fruit水果cake蛋糕cheese奶酪. porridge粥,稀饭.如:some tea一些茶 much bread许多面包10)人称的复数形式:主格:he他 I我 it它 she她 they(他、她、它)们 we我们 you你(你们) 如:(it,he,she)的复数是 they(它他她)门 I(我) 的复数是we(我们)宾格:them(他、她、它)们me我 us我们you你(你们) him 他her她it它. 如:me(我)的复数是 us(我们)(it ,her,him)的复数是them他们形容词性物主代词:my,我的our,我们的your,你(们)的his,他的her她的its,它的their他们的. 如:my(我的)复数是our(我们的)名词性物主代词:mine,我的ours,我们的yours,你(们)的his,他的hers,她的its,它的theirs他们的. 如:yours(你的)复数是 yours(你们的) this这个these那些 that那个those那些练习三、写出下列各词的复数 I我 _him 他_this这 _her她 _ _ _me我 watch手表 _ _child 小孩_ _ photo 像片_ _diary日记 _ _day天_ _ foot脚_ _ book书_ _ dress连衣裙 _ tooth牙_ _ sheep绵羊 _ _box盒子_ _ family家庭 _ _thief小偷 _ peach桃子_ _ sandwich三明治 _ _man男人_ _ woman女人_ _ paper纸_ _ juice果汁_ _water水_ _ milk牛奶_ _ rice米饭_ _ tea茶_ _my我的 people人,人们 tomato 西红柿 ( ) 1.I have five .A.apples B.apple C.orange ( ) 2.He has some A.meats B.bread C.apple( )4.There are four in my family A.people B.peoples C.dog( )5.How many do you have?A.bread B.books C.sheep( )6.How much do you want?A.milk B.apples C.breads五、可数名词与不可数名词怎么区分呢? 一般来说,可数名词有单、复数之分。像表示人或事物的名词和集体名词等一般都是可数的。有时候,我们也可以在该词之前试着加一加基数词来进行判断。一般能用基数词数的名词,通常是可数名词,如:a boy 一个男孩儿 three boys 三个男孩儿 some boys 一些男孩子 a song 一支歌 some songs 几首歌曲 an apple 一个苹果 9 apples 9个苹果 some apples 一些苹果 不可数名词没有单数和复数的区别,不可数名词有:fish鱼肉soup汤water 水 ice 冰 tea 茶 meat 肉 milk 牛奶coffee(咖啡) rice(米饭)bread(面包) juice (果汁) food食物icecream冰激淋chicken鸡肉paper纸chocolate巧克力fruit水果cake蛋糕cheese奶酪porridge粥,稀饭. 以下是要注意的1. 不可数名词前不能直接加数词或a (an)。切忌犯以下错误:a meat, two tea, 应加名词glass(杯) piece(片) cup(杯)如:a piece of meat一片面包, two cups of tea两杯茶 three glasses of juice三杯果汁2. 不可数名词无单复数变化,谓语动词一般用单数形式。如: There is(单数) some milk 一些牛奶(当作单数看)in the glass. 杯里有一些牛奶。3. 能修饰不可数名词的词有: much许多, a little一点, little很少, , some一些, any一些, a lot of许多,lots of许多等,以此来表示不确定的数量。如:much bread 许多面包a little milk 一点牛奶a lot of work 许多工作4. 表示具体的数量时应用单位词加of结构。如: He ate three pieces of bread. 他吃了三片面包。Would you like a cup of coffee? 你想喝杯咖啡吗?可数名词与不可数名词用法对比可数名词不可数名词1. 有单数和复数两种形式。如:a book,two books,a bus,three buses1. 只有单数形式。如:bread,tea,water,juice,milk2. 可以直接用不定冠词aan或数词来修饰。如:a cake,an apple,four boys2. 不能用不定冠词或数词直接修饰。如:a rice(),a juice(),three water()3. 可以用some,any,few,a few,many,a lot of来修饰复数可数名词。如:some girls,a few friends,many pears3. 可以用some,any,little,a little,much,a lot of来修饰不可数名词。如:some milk,a little tea,a lot of food4. 用how many来询问数量的多少。如:How many people are there in your family?4. 用how much来询问数量的多少。如:How much milk is there in the bottle?5. 单个的单数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数;多个单数名词或复数名词作主语时,谓语动词要用复数。如:Jim comes from England. Lily and Lucy are twins. The students are reading English books. 5. 不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数,但是,当不可数名词前面有复数名词短语修饰时,谓语动词就要用复数。如:There is some water in the glass. There are three bottles of water on the table. 六、人称表(代词用法)主格宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词反身代词第一人称单数I(我)me我my(我的)mine我的myself(我自己)复数we(我们)us我们our(我们的)ours我们的ourselves(我们自己)第二人称单数you(你)you你your(你的)yours你的yourself(你自己)复数you(你们)you你们your(你们的)yours你们的yourselves(你们自己)第三人称单数he(他)him他his(他的)his他的himself(他自己)she(她)her她her(她的)hers她的herself(她自己)it(它)it它its(它的)its它的itself(它自己)复数they(他们/她们/它们)them他/她/它/们their(他们的/她们的/它们的)theirs他/她/它/们的themselves(他们/她们/它们自己)主格的用法:一般在句子前面或动词的前面I like her.我喜欢她I是主格,her是宾格Do you like apples?你喜欢苹果吗?you 是主格宾格的用法:一般在句子后面或动词的后面。如:I miss you.我想念你。I是主格,you 是宾格,miss是动词. 物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。形容词性物主代词:my,our,your,his,her,its,their(后接名词)一般在句子中间如:This is my book.这是我的书.my是形容词性物主代词,book是名词名词性物主代词:mine,ours,yours,his,hers,its,theirs(后面无名词)一般在句子后面如:This book is mine.这本书是我的.mine名词性物主代词形容词性物主代词在句中起形容词的作用,在句中一般后面要紧接名词。名词物主代词在句中起名词的作用,实际上名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”,因此名词性物主代词后面不再接名词。my book= mine 记住 for和to后面的词一般是宾语或宾格.give 和put动词后面一般是宾格(三).选择题( )1.Whos that boy? is my brother. A.His B.He C.Him ( )2.Whose toothbrush is this? A.Damings B.I C.Daming( )3.Is it Bettys bag?Yes,its . A.he B.she C.hers ( )4.Who is the woman? is my Chinese teacher. A.He B.She C.Your( )5.This long pen is .The short one is .A.his;her B.his;hers C.him;her( )6.We can listen to in the evening.A.they B.them C.their( )7.I miss grandmother. A.my B.I C.me( )8.This is _ pen . A.my B.mine C.I ( )9.This pen is _. A.my B.mine C.I ( )10.This is my book . That book is . A.yours B.mine C.your ( )11.This bag is _. A.she B.her C.hers( )12.There are too many books on the table.Who put on ? A.they,it B.them;it C.their,it( )13.Is it map? Yes,it is A.Jane B.Janes C.Peter ( )14.There are a lots of children in the park on Day.A.Children B.Child C.Childrens( )15.Is that your bike? Noits A.your B.her C.hers( )16.Please give a cup of water. cup isnt here. A.I;My B.mine;I C.me;My( )17.Whos this boy? is my brother. A.His B.He C.Him ( )18.Whose dress is this?Its dress. A.Linglings B.I C.Lingling( )19.Is it Bettys bag? Yes,its . A.he B.she C.hers ( )20.Thats Xiaomei. Hair was long then. A.My B.Her C.Your( )21.Whos that little girl? Its A.my B.me C.she ( )22.This is father. A.me B.I C.my( )23.I like voice. A.she B.he C.her( )24.Can wash clothes? Yes, we can. A.we B. they C.you( )25.Excuse . Wheres my dog? A.me B.I C.my ( )26.Look,this is swimsuit. A.Xiaoyong. B.Xiaoyongs C.he( )27.This is my friend, name is Daming. A.his B.her C.he ( )28.Whats name?Im Amy. A.your B.you C.it( )29.This T-shirt is yours. is yellow. A.Her B.My C.Mine ( )30.Is it Amys sweather? Yes,its . A.her B.hers C.she( )31.There are too many books on the desk. Who put on it? A.they B.them C.their32.This is (I)book 33. That book is (I) 34.That book for (he)35. are teacher(we) 36. pens are red(him) 37. I like (she)2.指示代词:this这this is这是,that那, that is那是(单数)these这些,these are这些是 those那些those are那些是(复数)This is a book这是一本书That is a pen那是一支钢笔These are dogs这些是狗Those are cats那些是猫七、名词所有的格 当我们要表示某人的什么东西或人时,我们就要使用所有格形式。构成如下:表示有生命东西的名词,所有格一般在名词后加“s”一)单数在后面加s。如:brothers,哥哥的 Mikes,麦克的 teachers老师的单数表示:Damings books大明的书Amys pens艾米的钢笔二)复数以s结尾的直接在s后加,如: Teachers Day教师节,classmates同学们的复数表示:teachersbooks老师们的书.studentsclassroom学生们的教师 三)如果不是以s结尾的复数与单数一样处理。如:Childrens Day六一节,Womens Day三八节 mens男人们的mens coats男人们的大衣.womens skirts 女人们的裙.childrens dolls孩子们的玩具.1.大明的狗 2.老师的书 3.孩子们的钢笔 4.男人们的球 5.学生们的书包 6.司机们的车 八、英语时间表达法英语时间通常用以下两种方法表达:1. 直接表达法: A. 用基数词 + oclock来表示整点,注意oclock须用单数,可以省略。如:eight oclock 八点钟,ten (oclock) 十点钟B. 用基数词按钟点 + 分钟的顺序直接写出时间如:eleven-o-five 十一点过五分six forty六点四十2. 间接表达法 A. 如果分钟数少于30分钟,可用分钟 + past + 钟点表示,其中past是介词,意思是“过”。如:twenty past four 四点二十 eight past one 一点八分B. 如果分钟数多于30分钟,可用(60分钟-原分钟数)+ to +(原钟点数+ 1)表示,其中to是介词,意思是“差”。8:35 可表示为twenty-five to nine 差二十五分钟九点,即八点三十五(其中的分钟数twenty-five 是由60分钟减去35分钟得 到的;钟点数nine是由8加上1得到的)。注:A. 当分钟数是15分钟时,可用名词quarter (一刻钟)表示。如:7:15可表示为 a quarter past seven, 12:15可表示为 a quarter past twelveB. 当分钟数是30分钟时,可用名词half (一半)表示。如:9:30 可表示为 half past nine,3:30可表示为 half past three。C. 若想表明是上午,可在时间后加上am或a.m.。如:thirteen past six a.m. (上午六点十三分)等。若想表明是下午,可在时间后加上pm或p.m.。如:four oclock p.m. (下午四点)等。D. 若表示的时间不够准确,可在时间前加上介词about。如:about eight (大约八点)等。E. 在时间前面应用介词at 来表示在的意思。如:at nine 在九点钟,练习:9:00 8:30 7:15 6:25 10:46 5:45 九、have /has 用法have是英语中一个非常重要的动词,被戏称为“灵魂动词”或“魔鬼动词”。因其在不同的词组中,具有不同的含义,语法上称这类词为兼类词。现将have的用法简要归纳如下:have和has在用于英语表达动词“有”的含义时,have使用于第一人称、第二人称和各人称复数,Have 和I you we you they.复数.等连用。 has 用于第三人称单数 和it he she 第三人称单数连用。一、表示“有” “拥有”的意思时,强调“所属关系”。其主语常为“人或物”。如: My father has many new books我爸爸有许多新书。疑问句有两种:1)Has your father many new books? 肯定回答:Yes he has 否定回答: No he has not。has got/have got是英国的用法有的意思,更为普遍使用。2)Does your father have many new books?肯:yes he does 否:No he doesntI have a new computer我有一台新电脑。 1) Have you got a new computer ? 肯 yes I have 否 No I have not2) Do you have a new computer? 肯 Yes I do 否 No I dont【注】there be句型表示“有”时强调“某处有某人或某物”,其用法此处不再详述。二、“have表示一日三餐的名词”,意为“用餐”。如:have breakfastlunchsupper吃早饭午饭晚饭。三、“have表示食品、饮料等名词”,意为“吃;喝”。如:have (some) bread吃面包,have eggs (for breakfast) (早餐)吃鸡蛋,have (a cup of) tea 喝(一杯)茶。四、“have表示动作的名词”,没有固定的意思,常与表示动作的名词同义。如:have a rest 休息一下 have a swim 游泳have a drink (of)喝一点()have a look (at )(朝)看一眼五、“have表示某种活动的名词”,意为“进行,举行”。如:have a class (学生) 上课 have a birthday party 举行生日聚会have /has 有 表示“有” “拥有”的意思时,强调“所属关系”。其主语常为“人或物have 和I 我 you 你 we 我们 you 你们 they他们.复数.等连用。has 用于第三人称单数 和it它 he 他 she她 第三人称单数连用。练习五.用“ have , has ”填空 有does出现动词要变原形 has的原形是have1. I我_ a nice puppet. 2. He他_a good friend.3.They他们_some caps. 4.We我们_some flowers.5. She她_ a duck. 6. My father我的父亲_a new bike.7. Her mother她的母亲_a vase.8. Our teacher我们的老师_ an English book.9.Our teachers我们的老师们_a basketball.10. Their parents 他们的父母亲_some pens.Amy艾米_ many skirts. 12. Daming大明_some jackets.13. My friends我的朋友们_ a football. 14.What do you你_?15. What does Mike麦克_?16. What do your friends你的朋友_?17. What does Tom汤姆 _?18. His brother他的弟弟_ a basketball.19. Her sister她的姐姐_ a nice doll.20. Miss Li李老师_an English book.十、There be 结构在英语中,表示“存在有”,即“某地或某时间存在某事物”,要用there be 结构。这里,there引导词,无具体词义;be是谓语动词,它后面的名词是句子的主语;句子最后为地点或时间状语。如:There is a picture on the wall. 墙上有一副画。there be 结构的肯定式为:There be + 主语+地点(时间)状语There is a tree in front of the house.房子前有一棵树。There are some books on the desk. 桌上有一些书。今天我们学习了Therebe句型,先来记一下“口诀”: Therebe句型不一般,主语跟在be后边。 be可变为is/are,there永远不变化,单数主语用is,复数主语须用are 。 变疑问,很简单,be须大写来提前;变否定,也轻松,be后not记心中; 肯定句中用some,否定、疑问any用。时间地点是状语,句首句末任由你。Therebe句型是重点,若要掌握须多练。 【温馨提示】1.不管作主语的名词有多少个,be动词的数只与第一个名词保持一致。如:Thereisapen,twopencilsandsomebooksonthedesk.书桌上有一枝钢笔、两枝铅笔和一些书。 2.therebe和have(has)都是“有”,但它们的含义却是不同的。therebe表示“客观存在”,而have(has)表示“拥有、占有”。请比较: Thereisawatchonthedesk.书桌上有一块手表。(表示存在) Ihaveawatch.我有一块手表。(表示拥有) there is/there are 有 表示:在某地有某物(或人)在英语中,表示“存在有”,即“某地或某时间存在某事物”要用there be 结构,there is 和单数、不可数名词连用There is some milk on the desk。There are和复数连用练习六1._a TV(一台电视机) on the desk.2._a basketball(一个篮球) in the playground. 3. _some books(一些书) in the bag.4._a story-book(一本故事书) on the table5. _ a map of the world(一幅世界地图) on the wall.6. _many children(很多小孩子) on the hill.7. _a lot of sweets (许多糖果)in the box.8. four cups of coffee(四杯咖啡) on the table 9. a picture and a map(一张图画和一张地图 )on the wall.10. a pen (一支钢笔)near the books.11. much milk(很多牛奶) in the glass.12. much water(很多水) in the classroom.13. men(许多男人) in the room.14. women (许多女人)in the room.15 much food(很多食物) in the desk.用“have,has”或“there is , there are” 填空1. I我_a good father and a good mother. 2. _a telephone on the desk桌子上. 3. He他_a book. 4. _a basketball in the playground操场上. 5. She她_some pens. 6. They_a good students. 7. What do you_? 8. _a dog 一条狗in the room房间里? 9. What does Mike迈克_? 10. _any books in the bag书包里? 11. My father我的父亲_a story-book故事书. 12. _a story-book on the desk. 13. _any flowers in the vase花瓶里? 14. How many students多少学生_in the classroom教室里? 15. My parents我的父母亲_some nice pictures. 16. _some maps on the wall墙上. 17. _a map of the world一幅世界地图 on the wall. 18. David大卫_a telephone电话. 19. Davids friends大卫的朋友们_some pens. 20. _many children许多孩子 on the hil山上十一、一般现在时基本用法介绍 般现在时的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如:The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。4表示经常发生的动作或事情,通常用every Sunday每个星期天once a week一周一次 every year.每年always总是 usually通常often经常 sometimes有时 never决不every day每天 every week每周every每个, at.在几点钟 .主语是第三人称单数时谓语动词也要变成第三人称单数谓语动词+s+es的变化规则(以下单词是碰到主语是第三人称单数它、他、她才加s或es)1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks,like-likes, talk-talks ,swim-swims. wantwants, workworks, knowknows, helphelps,getgets 2.以s. x. sh. ch. 结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses猜, wash-washes洗, watch-watches看, catch-catches接住,miss-misses 思念,pass-passes通过,finish-finishes完成,cross-crosses 穿过fish-fishes钓鱼,teach-teaches教brush-brushes刷.3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:study-studies学习worry-worryies 担心try-tryies尝试,copy-copies模仿. flyflies放(飞),y前是元音字母的直接加-s :buy-buys买,enjoy-enjoys 享用,play-plays 打(球)玩stay-stays 停留4.不规则变化have的第三人称单数是-has有do的第三人称单数是-does做go的第三人称单数goes去。一般现在时的构成:1. be(am,is,are)动词:主语+be(am,is,are)+(名词)其它(不能是其它动词)。I我+am+(名词)其它(不能是其它动词)如:I am a boy.我是一个男孩。I am a teacher我是老师第三人称单数+is+(名词)其它. He is a teacher.他是一位老师. Amy is a girl.艾米是一个女孩.复数(you你)+are+(名词)其它You are a girl你是一个女孩. They are students他们是学生2.行为动词:主语+行为动词(+其它)。主语是(第一人称(I我)、第二人称(you你)和复数)+行为动词原形(不加s或es)+其它We study English.我们学习英语。I like dogs我喜欢狗。You like cats你喜欢猫.主语是第三人称单数(he,他 she她,it它)+行为动词+(s或es或不规则变化的has有does做goes去)如:Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。It likes fish.它喜欢鱼He drives bus.他开公共汽车She goes to school.她去学校.She has a book。她有一本书.Mike does his homework。迈克做作业.3.情态动词can能,会:主语+can+动词原形 如:I can swim.我会游泳.He can play ball.他会打球.一般现在时的变化1. be动词的变化。肯定句:主语(人称)+be(am is are)+ 名词)其它如:He is a worker.他是工人 否定句:主语(人称)+ be(am is are) + not(nt)+(名词)其它We arent students.我们不是学生.一般疑问句:Be( Is, Are) +主语(人称)+(名词)其它。如:Are you a student? 你是学生吗?Yes. I am. 是的,我是 No, Im not.不,我不是。Is she a girl?她是一个女孩吗?Yes,she is是的,她是/No,she isnt不,她不是特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句结构。如:Where is my bike?我的自行车在哪里?Who are you?你是谁?What am I?我是干什么的?2.行为动词的变化。否定句:主语+ dont( doesnt ) +动词原形(+其它)。如:I dont like bread.我不喜欢面包.They dont go to school.他们不去学校.当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesnt构成否定句动词要原形。如:He often plays. 他经常玩.He doesnt often play.他不经常玩. She doesnt do her homework她不做作业.一般疑问句:Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如:有do和does出现所有动词要原形Do you often play football?你经常踢球吗?Yes, I do.是的我经常踢/ No, I dont.不,我不经常踢。当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句。如:she goes to work by bike她骑自行车去上班.Does she go to work by bike? 她骑自行车去上班吗?Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt.特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句结构。如:How does your father go to work?你的父亲怎样去上班?3. 情态动词can动词的变化否定句:主语+(cant)+can not+其它.如:I cant swim.我不会游He can not sing他不会唱歌。一般疑问句: Can +主语+其它 如:Can you swim?Yes,I canNo,I cant 特殊疑问句: 疑问词+一般疑问句.如: What can you see ? What can yo
展开阅读全文