《英语的基本句式》PPT课件.ppt

1 基本句式 一 简单句1 主谓 宾 E g Thesunrises Yellowleavesarefalling We redoingexercises ImadesomesimpleEnglishsentences 2 主系表E g Ourteacherisayounglady Thequestionwassimple Itbecomesdifficult Thestudentbesidemeseemssatisfiedwithhisanswer Mypaperremainsunchanged 3 主谓双宾E g Mydeskmateoffersmeahelp Shehandsmeheranswer Helentmehisnotesyesterday 常接双宾语的动词 send give show promise bring 4 主谓宾补1 a 作补语E g Ifoundherveryconsiderate Allofusconsiderherverycapable Ithoughtthebookinteresting 2 n 作补语E g Icallher angel Sheprovedherselfanexcellentstudent 3 As引导E g Shetookthesewordsasajoke Sheregardsmeasafriend View as see as regard as thinkof as 5 Therebe存在句型E g Thereareseveralreasonstoexplainit Therewillbeamiracle Theremustbesomeoneintheroom Thereseemstobenowaytomakeuscloser Thereareseveralfactors twomainreasonsleadingto contributingtotheboomingofChina shighereducation 6 it作形式主语Itis was a n forsb todosth E g ItisimportantforustolearntowriteEnglishessays Itispleasantforthemothertoseeherdaughtergrowingintoayounglady Itisourresponsibilitytohelppeoplearoundus 7 it作形式宾语v it形式宾语 补语 真正宾语E g Weconsiderituselessarguingwithhim Hefounditimpossibletocompletetheprogrambyhimself Lackofmoneymakesithardforonetostartanewbusiness Thepoorteachingfacilitiesmakeitdifficultforteachersandstudentstohaveproperteachingandlearning 8 强调句型 1 itis was that who itis was 被强调的成分 由that引导句子其余成分 被强调部分为主语并指人时 也可用who引导 原句 JohnboughtanewbookforMaryyesterday 强调主语 ItisJohnthat whoboughtanewbookforMaryyesterday 强调直接宾语 ItisanewbookthatJohnboughtforMaryyesterday 强调间接宾语 ItisforMarythatJohnboughtanewbookyesterday 强调时间状语 ItwasyesterdaythatJohnboughtanewbookforMary 翻译练习 1 正是校长为我开的门 Itwastheheadmasterwhoopenedthedoorforme 2 就是在昨天我们做了那个实验 Itwasyesterdaythatwecarriedoutthatexperiment 2 用形容词 very single 等表示强调RedArmyfoughtabattleonthisveryspot 红军就在此地打过一仗 Notasinglepersonhasbeenintheofficethisafternoon 今天下午竟然没有一个人来过办公室 3 用反身代词表示强调Imyselfwillseeheroffatthestation 我将亲自到车站为她送行 Youcandoitwellyourself 你自己能做好这件事情 4 用助词 do 表示强调Thebabyisgenerallyhealthy buteverynowandthenshedoescatchacold 那孩子的健康状况尚好 但就是偶尔患感冒 Dobequiet ItoldyouIhadaheadache 务必安静 我告诉过你 我头疼 5 用副词 very only even too just 等表示强调Hedrankittotheverylastdrop 他把它喝得一干二净 Onlyinthiswaycanwewipeouttheenemytroops 只有用这样的方法我们才能消灭敌军 Hedidn tanswerevenmyletter 他甚至连我的信都不回 Iwilltoogo 我要去的 Thesceneryisjustsuperb 风景真是美极了 6 用 andthat andthose not toomuch 否定加否定 等结构表示强调Theyfulfilledthetask andthatinafewdays 他们在几天内完成的就是那项任务 Igavehersomepresents andthosethedaybeforeyesterday 前天我送给她的就是那些礼物 Ican tthankyoutoomuch 我无论怎样感谢你都不过份 Iamnotunfaithfultoyou 我对你无比忠诚 7 用短语 ineveryway innoway byallmeans bynomeans onlytoo alltoo buttoo inheaven intheworld inhell onearth underthesun 等表示强调Hisbehaviorwasineverywayperfect 他的举止确实无可挑剔 Byallmeanstakeyoursonwithyou 你一定要把儿子带来 Thenewswasonlytootrue 这消息确实是事实 Itwasoveralltoosoon 此事的确了结得很快 Whereinheavenwereyouthen 当时你到底在哪里 Nobodyunderthesunwouldbuythatcar 确实没有人会买那辆车 8 用倒装句表示强调Dishonestheis 他的确不诚实 Inwineisthetruth 酒后吐真言 Hereweare 我们到了 Therecomesthebus 汽车来了 二 复合句 1 主语从句从句的位置Thatshewillsucceediscertain Itiscertainthatshewillsucceed Itisamysteryhowtheprisonerescaped Itisdoubtfulwhethershewouldplaythepart Whethershewouldplaythepartisdoubtful if只能引导主语从句和宾语从句 而且不能位于句首 不能接不定式 不能加ornot 1 itis a that 表示要求 命令等的词从句用虚拟 Itisnatural obvious fortunate possible unlikely strangeItisbestthatheshouldgo Itisimportantthatweworkoutaplantocopewiththecrisis Itisessentialthatthegovernmenttakemeasurestostopit 2 itis n that 表示要求 命令等的词从句用虚拟 Itisapity fact goodnews nowonder shame commonknowledge 3 itis v ed thatItisunknown said reported hasbeenproved believedItisestimatedthatatriptothatcitytakes5days Itisgenerallybelievedthat 4 it seem happen matter appear turnout thatItnowappearsthattheyareinurgentneedofhelp 5 what 引导的名词性从句Whatisdonecannotbeundone 其作用等于名词词组 相当于名词 定语从句E g Thearticledealswiththeproblemwhichtheauthorcallsthe generationgap Thearticledealswithwhattheauthorcallsthe generationgap WhatIreallycareaboutis 2 宾语从句 Theboydreamedthathewasflyingtothemoon Iwishshecouldunderstandme That可以省略 但是在agree argue hold maintain suggest后面不省略 Theydemandthatthesestoresshouldbeclosedimmediately Isuggestthatweputeffortstosolvetheproblem V 间接宾语 thatI dliketoremindyouallthatthisproblemisn tnew Shepromisedusthatshewouldgiveusmorehelp tell inform Wonder doubt ask know imagine wh Idon tknowwhatshehasboughtforherhusbandinthisspecialday Hewonderediftheletterwaslost Canyouimaginewhatkindofdecisionwouldbearrivedat 形容词 that从句Delighted convinced aware certain glad proudI mafraidI vemadeamistake Wearegladthattherehasbeenmuchprogressinourprograms It作形式宾语Weconsideritabsolutelynecessarythatweshouldopenourdoortooutsideworld Hehasmadeitclearthathewon tagreetothisplan 否定转移Idon tthinkhecandoitbetterthanme Idon tsupposeshelikesthebook 3 表语从句 ThisishowJanelives ThatiswhyJackgotscolded Itseemsthatitisgoingtosnow Thereasonwhyhewasdismissedisthathewascarelessandirresponsible Itisbecause Myopinionisthatwetaketheinitiativeintoourownhands Ourbeliefisthatthingswillimprove Thetruth factisthat WhatIparticularlydislikeaboutthismovieisthattheactingisreallyweak 4 同位语从句 同位语从句是表示与之同位的名词词组的实际内容 Thenewsthatwewonthegameisveryencouraging Nobodycanexplainthemysterywhyhesuddenlydisappeared Theyhadtofacethefactthattheneareststationisthirtymilesaway AnyproposalsthatJohnshouldbedismissedmustberesisted fact idea belief suggestion answer decision thought opinionthat Healwaysworkshardinspiteofthefactthatheisnotingoodhealth 5 定语从句 关系代词引导的定语从句who that which whom whose ofwhom Themanwhowassickisnowbetter Thewatchwhichwaslostyesterdayhasbeenfound Thechairman whospokefirst satonmyright Beeristhemostpopulardrinkamongmen whoseoverallconsumptionishigherthanthatofwomen 关系代词的省略 1 作直接宾语时可省略e g Theman whom yousawjustnowisourmanager Isthereanything that Icandoforyou Whowasthewomanyouweretalkingwith ThebookyouarereadingiswrittenbyacontemporaryAmericannovelist 2 关系代词放在介词后作宾语时 不可省略 e g Thisisthegirlwithwhomheworked Thisisthegirl whom heworkedwith 3 非限制性从句中不能用that 作宾语用的代词不能省 介词后面的关系代词 只能用whom或which 先行词是all much anything something nothing everything little none等不定代词 关系代词要用that 先行词被形容词最高级以及first last any only much no some very等词修饰 关系代词用that 介词 关系代词 介词的选择 Theytriedtothinkofaplanbywhichtheycouldfulfilltheirtaskaheadoftime HeistellingastoryofLeifeng ofwhomeveryoneofusisproud Wecannowseeinageneralwaythemethodbywhichthecomputerworks 先行词也可以是句子 E g Thepolicearrived afterwhichthesituationbecamecalmer Theboybrokethewindow forwhichhewascriticizedbytheteacher 关系副词 ThebookstorewherehissisterworksisthelargestoneinNanjing ThisisthetimewhensheleftforBeijing Thisisthereasonwhyheisleavingsosoon E g I veneverbeentoBeijing butit stheplace A whereI dliketovisitB inwhichI dliketovisitC ImostwanttovisitD thatIwanttovisititmost how引导定语从句 不用先行词 e g Thisishowhebehaves Thisisthewayhebehaves Idon tlikethewayhecomplainsabouthisboss