高中英语必修5unit.doc

Unit 2 The United Kingdom知识要点探究1. How long does it take to fly from Beijing to London Heathrow Airport?take要点提示需要，花费。常用于It takes sb. some time / money + to do 结构中，意为“某人花费时间（金钱）做某事”。如：It takes a lifetime to master a foreign language.掌握一门外语要用一辈子的时间。The wound took a long time to heal. 伤口花了很多时间才愈合。It takes a lot of money to buy a house like that. 买那样的房子要花很多钱。归纳拓展辨析：take, cost与spendtake花费时间，主语多为it（作形式主语），也可是物或人，做“需要”解时也可接钱作宾语；cost花费时间、金钱，付出代价，主语须为物或it作形式主语，如只以人称代词作宾语，意为“使破费”，不用被动式；spend花费时间或金钱，须以人作主语，不接“to do”。This invention cost him much time and money and a lot of hard work.这项发明（他）花了很多时间和金钱以及付出了许多艰辛。He spent a lot of money on books. 他买书花了许多钱。She spent three hours (in) watching TV. 她用了3个小时看电视。2. England can be divided into three main areas. divide要点提示v.（常与in, into连用）分开；划分The Nile divides near its mouth and forms a delta.尼罗河在靠近河口的地方分开，形成一个三角洲。Lets divide ourselves into several groups. 我们分成几个小组吧。v.（常与out连用）分；分食Children, divide the cake up between / among you. 孩子们，你们把这个蛋糕分了吃吧。v. 除15 divided by3 is 5. 3除15等于5。Three will not divide into eleven. 3除不尽11。归纳发展辨析：divide与separateseparate意指为相隔的和保持相隔的；divide暗示通过或好像通过切开、劈开或分割形成几部分、几份额或几份；这个词经常用来指分离成相对的或敌对的组。The childs parents have separated. 这个孩子的父母已经分居了。We divided the orange into segments. 我们将橘子分成几瓣。be divided into 被分为be separated from 与分隔介词填空We divide _ the money equally.The river divides my land _ his.At the end of the lecture, Id like all the students to be divided _ small discussion groups.3. There is no need to debate any more about why different words are used to describe the four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.debate 要点提示v. 讨论；争论The government is debating the education laws. 政府正在就教育法进辩论。v. 考虑；思考He was debating whether to go for a walk or to visit a friend.他在考虑去散步还是去访友。n. 讨论；辩论；辩论会a debate about the punishment for criminals 关于如何惩治罪犯的争论Who open the debate? 谁先发言？归纳拓展debate about sth 对某事进行辩论debate with sb 与某人辩论open / close a debate 开始/ 终止辩论open / public debate 公开辩论under debate 在辩论中完成句子_（经过长久的辩论）the law was passed.We _（正在讨论）whether to go to the mountains or to the seaside.The question _（在辩论中）was put forward by them.4. However, just as they were going to get Ireland connected to form the United Kingdom, the southern part of that country broke away to form its own government.break away (from) 要点提示 从逃脱，挣脱；逃离The prisoner broke away from the two policemen who were holding him.犯人从两名警察的看护中逃了出去。摆脱；放弃；脱离（团体、组织等）an innovative musician who broke away from the classical tradition. 一位摆脱古典传统的革新派音乐家。归纳拓展break down 分解；（机器）坏掉，发生故障；（健康）垮掉break away from 从摆脱，逃脱break into 强行闯入break up 解散，终止，结束break in 插嘴break out 发生，爆发（不及物）break through 突破，突围单项选择News reports say peace talks between the two countries _ with no agreement reached. (2004广州市质量检测)A. have broken down B. have broken outC. have broken inD. have broken up副词填空The war broke _ in 1942.When I was reading at home, he broke _.His car broke _ on the road.The sough broke _ from the north.5. The greatest historical treasure of all is London with its museums, art collections, the atres, parks and buildings.(1) treasure要点提示U 金银财宝；宝藏buried treasure 埋藏的金银财宝C 珍宝，珍品The library has many art treasures. 这家图书馆收藏了许多艺术珍品。v. 珍藏，珍重，珍惜I treasure our friendship very much. 我非常珍惜我们的友谊。(2) collection要点提示C 收藏品，收集物，作品集Ill add it to my stamp collection. 我会把它加进我所集的邮票中。Her new book is a collection of short stories. 她的新书是一部短篇小说集。U 收集，收取，领取The local council is responsible for the collection of domestic waste.地方市政负责收集居民垃圾的事务。C 募捐，捐款His workmates held / made a collection for his leaving party.他的工友为他的告别晚会募捐。归纳拓展collect v. 收集，集中，收藏，募集（捐款等）；collectable adj. 适于收藏的，流行收藏的；n. 收藏品collected adj. 泰然自若的，镇定的collective adj. 集体的，共同的collect ones thoughts 集中思想collect stamps 集邮collect for charity 慈善募捐the collected works 作品集单项选择The captain _ all his soldiers.A. collectedB. gatheredC. selectedD. elected6. “Please dont hurt my cat,” screamed Sarah as her brother picked it up by one leg. pick up要点提示捡起，拾起She picked up a stone and threw it at the window.她捡起一块石头朝窗户扔去。收拾，整理Please pick up all your toys when youve finished playing.你们玩完后请把所有的玩具收拾好。取物；接人Pick me up at the hotel. 到旅馆来接我。收听到We picked up radio signals for help from the damaged plane.我们接到那架发生故障的飞机发出的无线电求救信号。获得，得到，买到，学会Where did you pick up that book? 你那本书是怎么得来的？（使）重新开始We picked up the conversation after an interruption. 我们的谈话被打断后又重新开始谈起来。7. Her first delight was going to the Tower. delight 要点提示vt. & vi. 给予乐趣；使人高兴I was delighted to be invited to her party. 我很高兴被邀请参加她的晚会。v.（常与in连用）热衷于；引以为乐She delights in cooking lovely meals. 她以烹饪美食为乐。n. 乐趣；喜悦；欣喜He laughed with delight. 他高兴地大笑。n. 赏心乐事Travelling is my chief delight. 旅游是我最大的赏心乐事。归纳拓展delighted adj. 高兴的 delightedly adv. 欣喜地，高兴地delightful adj. 令人喜悦的，令人快乐的，有趣的take / find delight in 以为乐be / feel delighted at / by / with 因而高兴to ones delight / joy 令人高兴的是单项选择Im very _ with my own cooking. It looks nice and smells delicious.Mm, it does have a _ smell. (2002北京春招)A. pleasant; pleasedB. pleased; pleasedC. pleasant; pleasantD. pleased; pleasant8. It seemed strange that the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London.(1) seem要点提示seem意为“好像；似乎；看来”，常用于以下结构中：seem+(to be) 形/名 好像（是）Her father seems (to be) a kind man. 她父亲看起来像个亲切的人。You must do what seems right to you. 你自己觉得正当的事就做。seem + to do 好像，似乎He seems to know everything. =It seems that he knows everything.他好像什么都知道。seem+like+名词 好像，似乎It seems like years since we last met. 我们似乎好几年不见。It seems (+to名)+that（在某人看来）好像，仿佛It seems that he is lying. =He seems to be lying.看样子他好像是在撒谎。It seemed to him (that) he would never be able to work out the question.在他看来他好像永远无法解决那问题。It seems as if / as though 看样子似乎是It seems as if he has been at the scene of the crime.看样子他好像曾在犯罪现场。There seems (to be)似乎有There seems (to be) no need to help that country.似乎没必要帮助那个国家。归纳拓展辨析：seem, appear与look都可表示“似乎，好像”appear强调外表上给人以某种印象，往往含有实际上并非如此的意思；look指基于视觉印象得出的判断；seem则指根据某种迹象或预示而作出的比较有把握的判断。(2) should要点提示在本句中表示“竟然，居然”。should往往用在that从句中表达感情、意志。如：Im surprised that you should speak in such a way.我很惊讶你居然用那种口气说话。Im glad that your story should have won the first prize.我很高兴你的小说居然赢得头奖。should可表示义务，应该。用于should do或should have done结构中，其中should have done意为“本来应该已经（却），要是已经就好了（表示去该做某事，而没做之责难、后悔等的语气）”。如：You should apologize to him. 你应该向他道歉。I should have been kinder to him. 当时我要是对他更亲切一点就好了。should用于表示命令、提议、愿望等的that从句中，意为“应该，必须”。如：She demanded that they should leave at once. 她要求他们立刻离开。should与疑问词连用，表示意外、惊讶、纳闷等，意为“究竟是，到底”。如：I dont understand why she should have made such a mistake.我不理解她为什么会犯下这种错误。单项选择You cant imagine that a well behaved gentleman _ be so rude to a lady. (2001上海)A. mightB. needC. shouldD. would9. Check that it makes sense, that the tenses are consistent and the spelling is correct.make sense 要点提示意义清楚No matter how you read it, this sentence doesnt make (any) sense.这个句子无论你怎么读都讲不通。有道理，有意义It makes sense to take care of your health. 爱惜身体是有道理的。归纳拓展make sense (out) of 懂，了解in a sense 就某种意义来说；多少有点theres no sense (in) 没道理；不必the sense of meeting 舆论，公共意见单项选择The manager has got a good business _ so the company is doing well. (NMET 2003)A. ideaB. senseC. thoughtD. thinking学习目标自测一、单词演练：根据中文或首字母提示，结合句意写同空白处各单词的正确形式。1. I keep my reference books near my desk for _（方便）.2. She _（安排）all her business affairs before going on holiday.3. Its clear that her painting has been _ （影响）by Picasso.4. You will be informed when the book becomes _（有货）.5. Now our country has won a _（辉煌）victory, but we still have a long way to go.6. Children wearing school u_ look much smarter.7. The basketball match is so exciting that it t_ every one.8. Im d_ to hear of your success.9. This is a c_ of poems by poets of the Tang dynasty, which I like very much.10. The Hope P_ has helped many poor children to go to school.二、对号入座：用所给单词或短语的适当形式完成下列各句。fefer to instead of as well as in memory of feel proud ofconvenient divide influential delighted break down1. He sent his secretary _ coming himself.2. Electric energy can be changed into light energy _ into sound energy.3. They named the school after the hero _ him.4. The man _ his experience in Britain at least three times in his speech.5. Janes father bought her a new race car and she _it.6. A low wall _ our garden from our neighbours.7. The telephone system has _.8. The boy was wild with _.9. The book had a great _ on his life.10. Can you telephone me at your _ to arrange a meeting?三、句意转换（一）词汇替换：从本单元选择合适的词语，根据句意用其正确形式替换下列句子中划线部分的词语。1. Correct your mistakes, if any.2. Its said that a new railway will be built in this area.3. Theres not much money that can be used at present.4. To his great joy, his novel was accepted for publication.5. Her beauty makes me excited and pleased.（二）句型转换：在空白处填上适当的词，使其意思与所给句子相同。6. A. It is no use debating about it. B. There is _ _to debate about it.7. A, The three countries got united peacefully. B. The three countries _ _ _ peacefully.8. A. This tower had been existing for one thousand years. B. This tower had remained _ for one thousand years.9. A. It was the longitude line that interested her most. B. _ interested her most _ the longitude line.10. A. Looking around the countryside, you will find evidence of all these invaders. B. _ around the countryside, _ you will find evidence of all these invaders.四、单项选择：从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。1. How many members does the club _?200.A. make up ofB. make upC. consist ofD. consist2. There is no _ to worry about him. He is old enough. A. needB. differenceC. possibilityD. sense3. Thieves _ last night and stole jewelry. A. broke intoB. broke inC. broke throughD. broke out4. Can you _ from the habit of smoking?Sorry, I cant.A. break upB. break downC. break offD. break away5. Gas is one of the modern _ the newlybuilt apartment building provides. A. arrangementsB. collectionsC. conveniencesD. constructions6. The boy _ the funniest part of the story when he retold it.A. left outB. divided intoC. left aloneD. left off7. Good morning. Can I help you?Id like to have this package _, madam.A. be weighedB. to be weighedC. to weighD. weighed8. To his great _ to the market, these products enjoyed great success.A. horrorB. delightC. disappointmentD. attraction 9. When first _ to the market, these products enjoyed great success.A. introducingB. introducedC. introduceD. being introduced10. After much _, Harry was chosen captain of the football team. A. debateB. quarrelC. puzzleD. influence五、根据括号内的提示，翻译下列句子。1. 他把蛋糕分成六份。（divideinto）2. 如果我下午六点钟来看你，方便吗？（convenient）3. 他与所有的老朋友断绝了关系。（break away from）4. 我弟弟病了，我来顶替他。（take ones place）5. 根本没有必要着急。（need）