高考二轮复习英语学案专题四介词和连词.doc

高考二轮复习英语学案专题四 介词和连词【典例精析】1.（2008安徽，23）Fred entered without knocking and, very out of breath, sank _ a chair.A. on B. off C. into D. to【解析】C 考查介词的用法。句意为：Fred没有敲门就闯进来了，然后气喘吁吁地坐到椅子上。Sink into (a chair) 表示“沉下、沉落、陷入”。2.（2008北京，33）If you really have to leave during the meeting, youd better leave _ the back door. A. for B. by C. across D. out【解析】B考查介词。for为了；by借助，通过；across通过（平面）；out出去。根据句意：如果你必须在会议期间离开，你最好从后门出去。3.（2008福建，23）A great man shows his greatness _ the way he treats little men. A. under B. with C. on D. by【解析】D考查介词的用法。by (表示方式)通过; 凭借。句意为：一位伟人通过他对待普通人的方式来展示出他的伟大。4.（2008湖北，30）30. When she first arrived in China, she wondered what the future might have_for her, but now all her worries are gone. （2008湖北）A. in need B. in time C. in preparation D. in store【解析】D考查介词短语。in need需要；in time及时；in preparation在准备中；in store将要发生，就要出现，储备着。从句中的the future可知，应选择D。5.（2008湖南，27） -When did you last hear _ Jay? -He phoned me this morning, and we agreed_ a time and place to meet. A of, to B about, with C. from, with D. from, on【解析】D考查介词与动词的搭配。第一个空是考查hear from“接到某人的来信”，第二个空考查agree on“在某方面达成一致意见”。 6.（2008辽宁，33）I like Mr. Miners speech; it was clear and_the point. A. at B. on C. to D. of【解析】C本题考查介词与名语构成的短语。to the point意思为“切中要点”。7.（2008宁厦，24）Lets learn to use the problem we are facing a stepping-stone to future success. A. to B. for C. as D. by【解析】C本题句意为：让我们学习使用我们正面临的问题作为未来成功的奠基石。as “作为”，短语use.as.把当作。8.（2008全国2，15）Modern equipment and no smoking are two of the things I like _ working here. A. with B. over C. at D. about【解析】D介词辨析。从题意来看，就选择“关于”，而四个选项中只有about有此义。9.（2008陕西，19）Elizabeth has already achieved success _ her wildest dreams. A. at B. beyond C. within D. upon【解析】B考查介词辨析。根据achieved success和wildest可以推断出此处所填介词意思是：超出，为所不及，选B；at表示“点”；within表示“在里”；D项等于on，意思是：依靠，凭借。10.（2008上海，25）The two sportsmen congratulated each other _ winning the match by shaking hands. A. with B. on C. in D. to【解析】B本题考查介词与动词的固定搭配。congratulate sb. on sth. 因为.而恭喜某人。11.（2008天津,10） Many Chinese universities provided scholarships for students _ financial aid. A. in favour of B. in honour of C. in face of D. in need of【解析】D介词短语辨析。in favour of支持；in honour of为庆祝，纪念；in face of面对；in need of需要。根据句意：许多中国的大学为需要财政援助的学生提供奖学金。12.（2008天津，15）At the railway station, the mother waved goodbye to her daughter until the train was _.A. out f sight B. out f reach C. out of order D. out of place【解析】A 本题考查介词短语辨析。out of sight看不见，在视野之外；out of reach够不着，达不到；out of order运转不正常，出毛病; out of place不在适当的位置, 不恰当。从句意可以看出，应选A。13.（09湖南）7. _ the police thought he was the most likely one, since they had no exact proof about it, they could not arrest him.A. Although B. As long as C. If only D. As soon as【解析】A 考查从属连词的用法。根据句意，引导让步状语从句。故选A。14.（09四川）16. Owen wouldnt eat anything _ he cooked it himselfA. until B. since C. unless D. while【解析】C考查连词的区别。该句的意思是：欧文不吃任何东西，除非这种东西是他自己15.（09浙江）19The medicine works more effectively _ you drink some hot water after taking it.A. as B. untilC. although D. if【解析】D 考查连词用法。句意：服药后喝点热水，效果会跟好；由此可知此处有“如果；假如”的意思，故选D引导表示条件的状语从句。【专题突破】介词和连词做题技巧点拨：牢记介词基本用法，把握易混介词辨析，掌握使用介词的固定搭配即可；对于连词的突破方法应该分析句式，理解句意，按照语境、句意辨析连词，每个连词在句中均含有意义，故有某个连词的意思，即选用该连词即可。1. Everyone in this country enjoys the same right _ religion, race or sex.Aregardless of Bin view of Cin spite of Din case of2. Bill always seems so confident, but _ hes extremely shy.Ain vain Bin contrastCin reality Din surprise3. _ the fact that he is a star on stage now, this young man is still shy and talks little.ABy means of BIn spite of CIn face of DApart from4. The Plains Indians believe in the Great Spirit who has power _all things including animals, trees, stones and clouds.Aof Bat Cover Din5. The winter of 2008 was extremely bad._ most of people say it was the worst winter of their lives.AIn general BIn a word CIn all DIn fact6.The authors of computer viruses are geniuses.I agree. If they applied their wisdom to other net technology _human beings can benefit, it would be better.Ain which Bthrough which Cfrom which Dduring which7. Its quite_me why such things have been allowed to happen.Afor Bbehind Cagainst Dbeyond8. _ the numbers in employment，the hotel industry was the second largest industry in this country last year. AIn spite of BIn case of CIn terms of DIn praise of9. Too bad I missed the early train _ only a few minutes! Aby Bin Cat Dafter10. Cant you notice that there is little time left? Please tell me the whole thing .Ain case Bin brief Cin total Din detail10. Pleasant music is often played _classes to make students refreshed and relaxed for a while.Abetween Bamong Cover Dafter11. - Would you please tell me what time it is? - Its five minutes to nine_my watch.Aon Bby Cat Din12. _ the fact that he was not a trained economist, his achievements were remarkable.AIn spite of BIn case of CIn view DIn favor of13. Im sorry, _ I wont be able to come tonight.A. for. B. and C. but. D. then14. The point is not who said the words, _ they are true or not.A. but whetherB. and whether C. but howD. and how15. Just because they make more money than I do, _ they seem to look down on me. A. soB. and C. butD. 不填16. Although he had only entered the contest for fun, _ he won first prize.A. butB. andw C. evenD. 不填17. When the last prize had been awarded _ everybody cleared off.A. and B. so C. orD. 不填参考答案及解析1.【解析】A 考查介词短语的用法。regardless of不管，不顾；in view of由于，鉴于；in spite of虽然，尽管；in case of万一，如果，防备。根据题意应选择A。2.【解析】C考查介词短语。in vain白费地，徒劳；in contrast相比之下； in reality实际上，现实上；in surprise惊奇地。题意：比尔好象总是很自信，但是事实上，他相当地害羞。因此选择C。 3.【解析】B考查介词短语。by means of用，依靠； in spite of虽然，尽管； in face of面临； apart from脱离，除此之外。根据题意：尽管他现在在舞台上是一个名星的事实，但是这个年青人仍然害羞且言谈少。因此，选择B。4.【解析】C考查介词的用法。over有“超过，高于”的意思。 5.【解析】D考查介词短语。In general一般而言，总的来说；in a word总之；in all总共，总计；in fact事实上。根据句意：2008年的冬天是相当冷的。大多数人都说这是他们有生以来最严寒的冬天。从两句来分析，应选择D项。 6.【解析】C考查介词与关系词引导的定语从句。benefit from通过获利。因此，选择C项。 7.【解析】D考查介词的用法。beyond超出的范围; 超过; 对来说太难, 非所能及。for对于,因为，由于；behind在后面；against与方向相反, 逆着, 迎着, 顶着。句意：我很难相信为什么那样的事情被允许发生。 8【解析】C 考查介词短语。in spite of虽然，尽管；in case of万一，如果；in terms of就而言，从方面来说；in praise of赞扬。从句意来看，应选择C项。 9【解析】A考查介词的用法。by (表示程度)以之差,符合题意。句意：太糟了我仅以几分钟之差错过了了早班火车。 10.【解析】B考查介词短语。in case以防，以免； in brief简而言之；in total总计，合计； in detail详细地。句意：难道你没有注意到仅有很少的时间剩下吗？请简单地告诉我整件事情。 10【解析】A考查介词的用法。在课间，应使用介词between。 11.【解析】B考查介词的固定搭配。by my watch根据我的表。 12.【解析】A考查介词短语。in spite of尽管，虽然；in case of如果，万一；in view被考虑；被期待；in favor of支持。根据句意：尽管他不是一位受训的经济师，他的成就是非凡的。 13.【解析】C事实上，Im sorry 后习惯上不接表示原因的连词 for，而接表示转折的连词 but（也可省略 but），用以委婉地提出一个使对方不快的事实。本题容易误选A，因为空格后的句子是用以说明 Im sorry 的原因的，所以便想当然地认为要选for来表示原因。14.【解析】A 此题涉及两个搭配：一是 not but （不是而是），二是 whether or not （是否）。几个干扰项均有可能误选。15.【解析】D 但是按英语语法，because 为从属连词，用以引导原因状语从句，它表明整个句子为复合句；而 so 在表示“所以”时，它是并列连词，用以连接两个简单句使之成为并列句。由于在同一句中既用了从属连词 because，又用了并列连词 so，使得该句一半像复合句，一半像并列句，从而导致错误。正确的做法是，任意去掉 because 和 so 中的一个，使之要么成为复合句，要么成为并列句。 但容易误选A，将汉语的“因为所以”直译为 because so 。16.【解析】D容易误选A，将汉语的“虽然但是”直译为 although but 。17.【解析】D句首 when 引导的是一个时间状语从句，它暗示整个句子为复合句；而so, and, or 为并列连词，无论选哪一个，都表明整个句子为并列句，从而导致前后矛盾，所以A、B、C均不能选择。故答案选D，everybody cleared off 为整个复合句的主句。防止误选A.【学法导航】介词是英语中最活跃的词类之一，在高考英语中出现的频率较高。从近几年的高考试题来分析，在介词的复习过程中，要把握重点，弄清疑点、混点即可。突破的重点要放在以下几个方面：1常见介词的用法，以及常见介词的辨析。 2介词与动词、形容词所构成的短语要熟记。3介词加关系代词引导的定语从句中，介词的选用要重点注意。同学们做题时要注意以下几个地方：1.表示时间时不用介词的情况：（1）表示时间的词前有one/any/each/every/some/all/this/that等时。（2）表示时间的词前有tomorrow/yesterday/the day before/the day after等时。（3）当以现在为起点，谈论last和next时，last和next前不用介词。2、几组常用介词的用法区别：（1）in与at一般小地方用at,大地方用in。（2）in 与on表一般时间用in,表具体时间用on。（3）besides与except besides表示“除外（还有）”；except表示“（只有）除外”；except for“除了”，表示部分地修正主体，引导短语；except that引导从句。（4）in,to与on 表示在某范围之内用in;表示在某范围之外用to;表示“相邻，接壤”时用on.使用连词要注意它的特点：就是在句子中有自己的意义，把握意思，吻合语境即可。在做题时再注意以下几点：1、though/although不能与but同时连用，但可以与yet连用。2、because 与so不能同时连用。the reason whyis后通常用that而不用because.3、注意并列连词连接的必须是平行的词、词组、短语或分句。4、注意某些动词后的连词。（1）discuss后一般不跟连词if所引导的从句。（2）doubt后连词的用法 ：一般在否定句和疑问句中，doubt后习惯跟that引导的从句；在肯定句中，doubt后面习惯跟whether或if引导的从句。如：5、whether与if的区别：【专题综合】1.The visit of the police was not connected _ the lost child.A. by B. with C. to D. in 2Though _ my opinion, my mother didnt say anything to show that she agreed with me. A. against B. on C. for D. in 3Scientists have shown that there is a connection _ cigarette smoking and certain diseases.A. with B. between C. to D. for 4As a lover of popular music, she enjoys listening to it _ MP3.A. in B. on C. with D. by 5The kind-hearted couple decided to adopt the boy _ parents had been killed in an accident.A. of whom B. with whom C. on whom D. in whose 6These two houses are similar _ they both have a large garden with many kinds of flowers. A. to that B. in which C. in that D. to which7The manager is talking with his secretary _ the telephone. They usually keep in touch _ telephone.A. by ;on B. through; by C. on; on D. by ;with8He got to the bus station early, _ missing the first bus .A. in case of B. instead of C. for fear of D. in search of 9. He got to the station early,_ missing his train. A. in case of B. instead of C. for fear of D. in search of10. The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, _ the sailing time was 226 days. A. of which B. during which C. from which D. for which11.Mr. Anderson starts to work very clearly in the morning and goes on working until late in the afternoon_a break at midday.A.with B.for C.as D.through12._the morning of that Saturday,My mother together with me visited my father in prison.A.In B.On C.At D.To13.The study you have been making_the ancient Characters is an instructive job.A. to B. of C. for D. from14.Whats your favorite sport?Jogging. I always run_the river every morning .A. around B. on C. along D. in15.We need fifty more people_our team to do the job.A. but B. as well C. except D. besides16. The question of _shell come back home will be setted.A.if B.whether C.when D.what17.Between 1975 and 1977,the number of overseas visitors increased_27%.A. by B. for C.to D.in18.Child_she was ,she could do housework for her mother.A.though B.althogh C.for D.because19.Does John know any other foreign languages_French?A.except B.but C.besides D.beside20._does he have to type out the answer on a computer,_he gets the computer to translate it into sounds.A. Not only;but also B.Either;orC.Both ;and D.as well as;but21.When we design a building,we should provide an entrance suitable for wheelchair on the passage,_lifts,suitable bathrooms and toilets.A. except B.as well C.as well as D.but22.Were stories passed on from one person to another? Many of the country people could_read_write.A. both; and B. either; orC. neither; nor D. not only; but also23.Would you like to come to dinner tonight?Id love to,_Im too busy.A.and B.so C.as D.but 参考答案及解析1【解析】B考查介词与动词的搭配。be connected with. 与有关。 2【解析】C考查介词的用法。从句意来看，尽管支持我的建议，我的母亲没有说任何事来表明她同意我的建议。 3【解析】B考查介词的用法。根据题中的cigarette smoking and certain diseases，可知是两者，因此应选择B项。 4【解析】B考查介词的固定搭配。On MP3在MP3上。5【解析】A考查介词与关系词引导的定语从句。先行词the boy与parents之间是从属关系，因此选择A项。 6【解析】C考查介词与形容词的搭配。be similar in在某方面相似。that引导的从句作介词in的宾语。7【解析】B考查介词的用法。by当“通过”讲时，其后不加冠词；through当“通过”讲时，其后加冠词。8【解析】C考查介词短语。in case of以防，万一；instead of代替，相反；for fear of唯恐；in search of寻找。根据句意来看，应选择C项。9【解析】C考查介词短语。in case of “以防，以免”；instead of “代替，而不是”；for fear of “害怕，唯恐”； in search of“搜寻”。句意为：他很早就到了火车站，唯恐错过他的火车。10【解析】本题考查介词与关系代词引导的定语从句。根据句子分析，定语从句的先行词是nine months,226天的航行时间是其中的一部分，属于从属关系，因此应使用介词of11【解析】A 介考查介词with结构。即with a break at midday是由“with+宾语+介词短语充当宾补”，在句中作状语。12【解析】B 强调具体的那个星期六早上。表示在具体某星期几及具体某天上午、下午和晚上等都用介词on。13【解析】B 考查介词的准确含义。根据句子结构可知you have been making_the ancient Chinese characters作定语修饰the study,由此可以推导：主语the study作making的逻辑宾语，构成make the study of 搭配，相当于动词study,因此此空应选of.14【解析】C 考查介词的准确含义。第二句：我每天早晨沿着河边慢跑。Jogging意即“慢跑”。介词along表示“沿着”。其它不合句意。15【解析】D besides表“除外，还有”； except表“只有除外”意同but ;as well也。16【解析】B 根据句子意思“她回不回家这一问题将会解决”可排除C、D；又因whether引导的宾语从句可位于句首，if则不可，故选B。17【解析】A表示增加或减少常用介词by;to表示增加或减少到。18.【解析】A though引导的让步状语从句除了用陈述句语序外，也可用倒装语序。而although不可用于此句型。19【解析】C ant other已暗示John了解French.20【解析】、A not only引导的句子放于句首，要部分倒装，but also部分倒装。21【解析】C并列连词as well as 表示“也、一样”的意思。22【解析】D 并列连词not only but also表示“不但而且”。23【解析】D 第二空表示“我想去，但我很忙”。表示转折含义。