新人教版高中英语选修八U2课文重点句汇集.doc

新人教版高中英语选修八U2课文重点句汇集1. Cloning has always been with us and is here to stay. It is a way of making an exact copy of another animal or plant. It happens in plants when gardeners take cuttings from growing plants to make new ones. It also happens in animals when twins identical in sex and appearance are produced from the same original egg. The fact is that these are both examples of natural clones.克隆一直与我们同在，而且它还要持续下去。这是一种用来生产与原型完全相同的动植物的方法。当园艺师从生长着的植物上剪下枝条来培植新植物时，就会产生这种现象。这种现象也发生在动物身上，从同一个原生卵子产生性别和相貌相同的双胞胎也是克隆。实际上，这些都是自然克隆现象。2. Cloning has two major uses. Firstly, gardeners use it all the time to produce commercial quantities of plants. Secondly, it is valuable for research on new plant species and for medical research on animals. Cloning plants is straightforward while cloning animals is very complicated. It is a difficult task to undertake. Many attempts to clone mammals failed. But at last the determination and patience of the scientists paid off in 1996 with a breakthrough - the cloning of Dolly the sheep. The procedure works like this:克隆技术有两大用途。第一，园艺师一直用它生产大量的供商用的植物。第二，它在对新植物物种的研究以及在对动物的医学研究方面都是很有价值的。克隆植物简单，但克隆动物就非常复杂了。这是一项很难完成的任务。克隆哺乳动物的多次尝试都失败了。但是，科学家的决心和耐心最终得到了回报，这就是1996年具有突破性的克隆羊“多莉”的诞生。它的程序如下图(略)所示：【payoff得到好结果，取得成功(常用主动态)；偿清债款；付清工资解雇】pay off(指冒风险的政策、做法等)带来好结果，成功，行得通。又如：The gamble paid off.赌赢了。1 Female sheep A provides an egg cell.2 The nucleus is removed from the egg cell.3 The egg cell is ready for a new nucleus.4 Female sheep B provides a somatic cell for the clone. The nucleus of this cell contains all the genes needed to produce a new sheep.5 The nucleus is taken out of the somatic cell.6 The nucleus from sheep B and the egg cell from sheep A are joined using electricity.7 The cell divides and grows into an embryo.8 The embryo is put into female sheep C，who becomes the carrier of the clone.9 The lamb is the clone of the donated cell from Sheep B which provided the nucleus.1 母羊(甲)提供一个卵细胞。2 在卵细胞中取出细胞核。3 卵细胞准备接受新的细胞核。4 母羊(乙)提供一个供克隆的躯干细胞。该细胞应包含有生产一头新羊所需要的全部基因。5 取出该细胞的细胞核。6 用电把母羊(乙)的躯干细胞核和母羊(甲)的卵细胞连接起来。7 细胞分裂并生长成胚胎。8 把胚胎置入母羊(丙)体内，母羊(丙)就是克隆羊的代孕。9 这头小羔羊就是母羊(乙)所提供的细胞核克隆而成的。3. Dollys death, like her birth, was bound to raise worries. 多莉的死亡，就像她的出生一样，必定会引起人们的担忧。【人教版教材英语8选修第2单元第14页】The weather is bound to get better tomorrow. 明天天气一定会变好。Youve done so much work that you are bound to pass the exam. 你下了这么大功夫，一定能考及格。4. The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging. Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill. Cloning scientists were cast down to find that Dollys illnesses were more appropriate to a much older animal. 多莉看来是在正常地成长着，这很令人鼓舞。接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。研究克隆的科学家发现多莉得的病更容易发生在年老的羊身上，这让他们很沮丧。5. On the other hand, Dollys appearance raised a storm of objections and had a great impact on the media and public imagination. It became controversial. It suddenly opened everybodys eyes to the possibility of using cloning to cure serious illnesses and even to produce human beings. 另一方面，多莉的出现引起了一阵强烈的反对，对媒体和公众的想象力也产生了极大的影响。它引起了争议。因为它突然打开了人们的眼界，看到了有可能利用克隆技术来治疗重病，甚至还有可能克隆出人类。6. Although at present human egg cells and embryos needed for cloning research are difficult to obtain, newspapers wrote of evil leaders hoping to clone themselves to attain their ambitions. 尽管目前供克隆研究的人类卵细胞和胚胎很难获得，报纸报道说，有些邪恶头目希望把自己克隆出来以实现他们的野心。7. Religious leaders also raised moral questions. Governments became nervous and more conservative. Some began to reform their legal systems and forbade research into human cloning, but other countries like China and the UK, continued to accumulate evidence of the abundant medical aid that cloning could provide. 宗教领袖也提出了道德方面的问题。各国政府惶恐不安而且更加谨慎。有些政府开始改革司法制度，明令禁止进行克隆人类的研究，但是其他国家，如中国和英国，则仍然在继续收集克隆技术有可能提供丰富的医疗救助的证据。8. The possibility of cloning fierce and extinct wild animals has always excited film makers. The popularity of films such as Jurassic Park, in which a scientist clones several kinds of extinct dinosaurs, proves how the idea struck a mixture of fear and excitement into peoples hearts. 克隆凶猛和灭绝的野生动物的可能性一直使电影制片商感到兴奋。在电影侏罗纪公园中，一个科学家克隆了几种类型的恐龙，这部电影很受欢迎，这证明了使人恐惧又兴奋地这种想法是多么的令人刻骨铭心。9. The advantage is that if there is a new illness some of these animals may die,but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation. The great drawback to cloning a group of animals is that they would all have the same arrangement of genes and so might die of the same illness.优点是如果有一种新的疾病，这些动物中的一些可能会死亡，但其它的会存活下来并且把它们抵抗这种疾病的能力传给它们的下一代。经过克隆的动物群体的最大的缺点是：他们的基因排列有可能完全相同，因而他们有可能会死于同一种疾病。10. From time to time people suggest that the animals that have disappeared from the earth, like dinosaurs, can possibly be brought back to life through cloning.人们时常设想从地球上消失的动物,例如恐龙,有可能通过克隆技术使它们复活。11. It is useless to clone an animal if there is not enough diversity in the group for it to overcome illnesses. 该群中如果没有足够的多样性使它克服疾病,克隆动物就没有用。12. Diversity in a group means having animals with their genes arranged in different ways. 群体多样性意味着这群动物的基因要以不同的方式排列。13. The advantage is that if there is a new illness some of these animals may die, but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation. The great drawback to cloning a group of animals is that they would all have the same arrangement of genes and so might die of the same illness. Then none of them would be left to continue the species. 其优点是：如果发生了某种新的疾病，这类动物可能会死去，而另外一些却能存活下来，并且把这种抗疫力传给下一代。经过克隆的动物群体的最大缺点是:它们的基因排列有可能完全相同,因而 它们有可能会死于同一种疾病。14. Based on what we know now, you can not clone animals that have been extinct longer than 10000 years. 据我们现在所知, 绝种一万年以上的动物不能克隆。Unit 2 Cloning workbook 翻译1. 我非常喜欢自家用黑麦粉做的含有坚果的长方形面包。(adore; loaf; brown flour)I adore homemade rectangular loaves made with brown flour and nuts.2. 他非常保守，居然赞赏这个并没有给移民选民带来多少权利的宪法。(conservative; in favour of; constitution; immigrant voters)He is very conservative, and is even in favour of a constitution that gives few rights to immigrant voters.3. 当合唱队的领队从剧院退休的时候，他们为他举办了一个宴会。(chorus; retire; opera; a dinner party)When the leader of the chorus retired from the opera, they held a dinner party for him.4. 媒体在影响公众意见方面扮演着重要的角色。(the media)The media play an important role in influencing public opinion.5. 不要麻烦去取下那些装饰，圣诞庆典还没有结束呢。(bother; decoration)Dont bother about taking down those decorations. The Christmas celebrations arent over yet.6. 克隆动物的规定非常严格，他没有办法继续他的实验。(regulations; unable)The regulations for cloning animals are very strict, he was unable to continue his experiments.7. 不用你费心为我克隆我的宠物猫了，我已不再指望他能复活。(bother oneself about; bring back to life)Dont bother yourself about cloning my pet cat. I wont expect to bring it back to life.8. 洪灾地区的人民非常感激人民解放军的救助。(flooded areas; owe to)The people in flooded areas owed a great deal to the PLA soldiers for their rescue work.