新目标英语七年级(下)课文学习(8A).doc

新目标英语 七年级（下）课文学习（8 A）Unit 8 Id like some noodles.一、语言目标学会用英语点面食，描述面食的大小和种类以及点自己喜欢的饮料和食物，并掌握电话点餐中的日常用语，学会为比萨饼写宣传广告。 二、主题词表 FoodDrinksnoodlesdumpling, porridge,rice, soupsoda, green, tea, juicesideflavourlarge, medium, smallcabbage, potatoes, onions, beef,fish, tomatoes, mutton三、重点句型及日常交际用语What kind of noodles would you like?Id like mutton and tomatoes.What size noodles would you like? Id like a large bowl.Can I help you? Id like .Whats your phone number? Its 8495033.Whats your address? 233 Green street. 四、语法1. 学习并掌握情态动词would的使用方法，并能够熟练使用它进行对话交流。2. 掌握句型 would like。3. 复习动词like在一般现在时态中的肯定式和否定式。4. 可数名词：mushrooms mrum，green peppers，onions njn，olives liv，tomatoes，hot dogs，hamburgers。不可数名词：cheese，pepperoni ,peprni: 意大利辣香肠 ，orange juice，iced tea，lemonade ,lemneid 柠檬汽水 。 五、重点解析1. would like动词短语意为想要，愿意，相当于want，但比want语气委婉，没有人称和单复数的变化，would可以和主语缩写成d的形式。它比较固定的搭配有三种：（1）would like sth. 跟名词或代词作宾语表示想要某物。如：Id / I would like some noodles.我要些面条。（2）would like to do sth. 想干某事Hed / He would like to talk with you.他想和你谈谈。（3）would like sb. to do sth.想要某人干某事Theyd / They would like me to stay here.他们要我留下来。 2. size的用法名词，意思是尺寸、尺码、大小。既可以表示物体的大小，又可以用来表示服装、鞋帽等的尺码、号码等。常以large，简写为L（XL超大号的），medium简写为M（中号的），small简写为S（小号的）来表示。如：What size shoes do you wear?你穿多大的鞋？I wear size 7.我穿七号的。 3. or的用法or是连词，意为和用于否定句，如：I dont like onions, green tea or porridge. 我不喜欢洋葱、绿茶和粥。or还可用作来表示选择，意为或者，否则等。如：Is it red or black?是红的还是黑的？Be quick, or youll be late.快点，否则你就要迟到了。在否定句中，如果所连的两个词前后都有否定词时，则用and，而不用or来连接。如：It has no arms and no legs = It has no arms or legs.它没有胳膊，也没有腿。 4. as well asas well as作也，还解，其含义相当于too或also，但too，also是副词，而as well as是连词。如：（1）We have two great new toppings.我们有两种特殊的新式配料。We also have great salad as well as drinks and iced tea.我们也有上好的沙拉，还有饮料和冰茶。（2）His friend as well as his parents likes playing computer game.他的父母还有他的朋友喜欢玩电子游戏。as well as连接两个名词或两个代词作主语时，谓语动词在人称与数上与第一个名词或代词相一致。 5. tomato和其他以-o结尾的名词的复数以o结尾的名词复数有的要加-es，有的要加s，一般来说无生命的名词变复数时加-s，有生命则加-es，同学们不妨记住下面两句话：（1）小马虎弹着钢琴（piano）听着收音机（radio），又到动物园（zoo）照了张相（photo），但考试得3个大鸡蛋（零分 zero），一律加s。（2）黑人（Negro）英雄（hero）爱吃土豆（potato）西红柿（tomato），全部加es。 6. 辨析large与bigbig与large都有大的含义，但big侧重表示一个物体的块、重量，含有庞大、笨重之意，其反义词是little。如：The elephant is very big. large用来指体积、面积、容积及范围之大，其反义词是small。如：large family 大家庭，a large man 一个肥胖的人。在口语中big与large可互换，big较为口语化。 7. 辨析and与orand一般用于肯定句，or用于选择疑问句和否定句，两者通常不能互换使用。如句中有三个或三个以上并列成分，则and或or只连接最后两个，前面的并列词用逗号隔开。如：He likes fish and beef.他喜欢鱼和牛肉。He doesnt like fish or beef.他不喜欢鱼和牛肉。 8. 可数名词与不可数名词用法对比英语中的名词分为可数名词与不可数名词。不可数名词指无法用数量表示的名词，下面将把它们的用法列表进行对比。可数名词不可数名词（1）有单数和复数两种形式。如：a book，two books；a bus，three buses。（1）只有单数形式。如：bread，tea，water，juice，milk。（2）可以直接用不定冠词a / an或数词来修饰。如：a cake，an apple，four boys。（2）不能用不定冠词或数词直接修饰。如：a rice（），a juice（），three water（）。（3）可以用some，any，few（少），a few（几个），many，a lot of来修饰复数名词。如：some girls，a few friends，many pears。（3）可以用some，any，little（少），a little（一点），much，a lot of来修饰不可数名词。如：some milk，a little tea，a lot of food。（4）用how many来询问数量的多少。如：How many people are there in your family?（4）用how much来询问数量的多少。如：How much milk is there in the bottle?（5）单个的单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数；多个单数名词或复数名词作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。如：Jim comes from England. / Lily and Lucy are twins. / The students are reading English books.（5）不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数，但是，当不可数名词前面有复数名词短语修饰时，谓语动词就要用复数。如：There is some water in the glass. / There are three bottles of water on the table. 9. order、drink的用法及词的兼类现象本课中出现的这两个词既可以用作动词，又可以用作形容词。如：order：动词：定货，预定；名词：订单drink：动词：喝；名词：饮料英语中把词的这种用法称为词的兼类现象，大致有如下几种情况：（1）名词和动词兼类。如：Give me a cold drink, please.请给我一杯冷饮。（名词）Please dont drink tea in class.请不要在课堂上喝茶。（动词）（2）名词和形容词兼类。如：He teaches us English. （名词）Hes an English boy. （形容词）（3）形容词和代词兼类。如：I can see some flowers.我能看见一些花。（形容词）Some of us are good at boating.我们中的一些人擅长划船。（代词）（4）形容词和动词兼类。如：The windows are open.窗户是开着的。（形容词）Please open the door.请开门。（动词）（5）形容词和副词兼类。如：I want to take an early bus.我想乘早班车。（形容词）The shop closes early on Fridays.商店星期五关门早。（副词）（6）副词与介词兼类。如：Come in, please.请进来。（副词）Whats that in English?那个用英语怎么说？（介词）（7）名词与副词兼类。如：Is he at home ?他在家吗？（名词）Lets go home early.咱们早点回家。（副词）（8）动词和介词兼类。如：Do you like swimming?你喜欢游泳吗？（动词）Dont say it like that.别像那样说。（介词） 10. would like句型及其在购物、请求帮助、提出建议等生活情景中的使用would like中的would是情态动词，它的否定句及疑问句的构成与can相同。肯定句：Id like a small pizza. 我要一份小比萨饼。否定句：I wouldnt / would not like a small pizza.疑问句：What would you like?Would you like a small pizza?would like 在生活情景中的应用（1）购物A：What would you like, hot dogs or hamburgers?B：Hot dogs, please.A：你要什么，是热狗还是汉堡包？B：热狗。（2）有礼貌地提出建议 Would you like to go shopping with us?你愿意和我们一起去购物吗？ Yes, Id like to. 我愿意。（3）有礼貌地提出请求 Would you like to help us?你愿意帮我们吗？ Yes, Id love to （相当于Id like to）.是的，我愿意。注：would like to do 有时也可以说would love to do。 11. 课文中复杂句子精析（1）Say what you would like.说一说你所喜欢的东西。what在这里意为所的，是连接代词引导一个宾语从句，作say的宾语。写出饺子，饮料和你所知道的其他食品的广告。you know相当于一个定语修饰foods，你为定语从句。 （六）考题解析考题1：用方框中的词填空，有的词可以重复使用。like，would，Id，Hed，to，me（1）A：What size pizza would he like?B：_ _ a small pizza.（2）A：What would you like to do after school?B：_ _ _ watch a football game.（3）A： Would you _ _ play football with us?B： Sorry, my brother _ like _ to help him with his English.解析：此题主要考查would like的三种固定搭配的用法。答案：（1）Hed like（2）Id like to（3）like to，would，me 考题2：服装标签上的S、L、M代表是什么？（用英文写出来）解析：此题主要考查size的用法，由上栏的讲解和题意可知答案为：S small（小号的） L large（大号的） M medium（中号的） 考题3：（1）Do you want to stay at home _ go shopping with us?A. andB. butC. orD. so（贵州贵阳市中考）（2）There is no water _ air on the moon.A. soB. butC. andD. or（广西南宁）解析：此题考查连词or的用法：（1）句意：你是想待在家里还是跟我们一起去买东西？前后两种供选择，故答案为C。（2）句意：月球上既没有水也没有空气。在否定句中，连接两个并列的成份，用or不用and，答案为D。 考题4：根据汉语意思完成句子。我喜欢英语，语文还有数学和体育。I like English, Chinese, _ _ _ math and PE.= I like English, Chinese and I _ like math and PE.= I like English, Chinese and I like math and PE, _.解析：此题考查too，also和as well as的用法，根据上栏的讲解和题意可知答案为as well as，also，too。 考题5：写出下列名词的复数形式。zero _photo _potato _Chinese _zoo _piano _hero _sheep _radio _kilo （公斤） _tomato _leaf _解析：此题侧重考查以o结尾的名词的复数形式，从上栏可知答案为：zeros zoos radios photos pianos kilos potatoesheroes tomatoes Chinese sheep（中国人和绵羊复数同形）leaves（以f、fe结尾的名词变复数时将f、fe改为v，再加es） 考题6：根据句意，选择适当的词完成句子。Toms father is a _ man. He has a _ family, a _ car and a _ garden. His cat is _ and cute. He comes from a _ and beautiful country with a long history. (large, big, little)解析：由上栏的讲解和上文可知答案为big（a big man 大人物，用big不用large），large，big，big，little，large。 考题7： I dont like chicken _ fish. I dont like chicken, _ I like fish very much.A. and ; andB. and ; butC. or ; butD. or ; and（1993年高考）解析：句意：我不喜欢鸡肉，也不喜欢鱼肉。我不喜欢鸡肉，但我很喜欢鱼肉。本题为连词的考查。第一，在否定句中应用or，而不是and；第二，在第二句中前后两句之间为转折关系，应用but。答案：C 考题8：用a，an或some填空。（1）A：Mike, have _ chicken, please.B： Thanks. Id like only _ small piece.（2）A： Would you like _ soda?B： Yes, Id like _ glass of soda.（3）A： Would he like _ rice for supper?B： Yes, hed like _ bowl of rice for supper.（4）A： There is _ box of oranges on the floor.B： Would you like _ orange?（5）A： Whats in the bottle?B： There is _ apple juice.解析：冠词a，an只能修饰可数名词（单），some既可修饰可数名词（复数），又能修饰不可数名词，chicken，soda，rice，apple juice是不可数名词，glass，box，bowl（碗），orange，piece（块）是可数名词。因此答案为：（1）some，a；（2）some，a；（3）some，a（a bowl of rice 一碗饭）；（4）a，an；（5）some。 考题9：（1）用所给词的适当形式填空。We have sweater in all _. Please _ the picture yellow. (color)These _ are _. I dont like them. I like soda and _. (orange)Scott gets up _ and watches the _ morning news on TV. (early)Take an _ for a pizza. Annie is calling up and _ a pizza. (order)What about a hot _? _ _ (not drink) like a fish?_ and friends should be few （相当少） but good. He will （将） _ a seat the plane to London. (book)解析：同一个词既可以用作名词又可用作动词的现象称为词的兼类，这也是英语中常见的构成词法之一，即：转换法。因此如何确定一个词在不同语言环境中的不同意思和不同用法，就要联系上下文来确定。colors（名词复数），color（动词原形）。句意：我们有各种颜色的毛衣。请把画涂成黄色。oranges（名词复数），orange（形容词，橙色的），orange（不可数名词：桔子汁）。early（副词，起得早get up early）， early（the early morning news 早间新闻，形容词修饰news）。order（名词，订单），ordering（动词，正在订购）。句意：接受一份比萨订单。安妮正在打电话订购比萨。drink（名词），Dont drink（动词）。句意：要一份热饮料吗？不要喝得太急。Books（名词），book（动词，预定）。句意：书与友，贵精不贵多。他将要订一张去伦敦的机票。 （2）翻译词组。一些水；给花浇水；干净的教室；打扫教室。解析：由上栏可知答案：some water；water the flowers；the clean classroom；clean the classroom。 【模拟试题】（时间：60分钟 满分100分）词汇语法 巩固基础I. 词汇（20分）（A）看图填空（10分）What kind of _1_ would you like? We have many different kinds, including some great new kinds. They have _2_, _3_ ; _4_ , _5_ and _6_ .We also have great _7_ , _8_as well as _9_and _10_ . （B）选择划线部分意义适当的项（10分）（ ）11. I would like green pepper.A. likeB. wantC. have（ ）12. China is a large country.A. very bigB. very smallC. not big or small（ ）13. What would you like? A cup of juice, please.A. a kind of foodB. a kind of vegetablesC. a kind of drink（ ）14. What do you often do at night?A. in the eveningB. in the morningC. in the afternoon（ ）15. My cousin is a very smart girl.A. cleverB. uglyC. friendly II. 根据答句写出问句（10分）16. Id like a glass of water and a humburger._17. Small pizza, please._18. Yes, Id like some iced tea and a pizza._19. No, she doesnt like cheese. She likes salad._20. The California pizza is just $ 2.75._ III. 选择最佳选项（10分）21. Some apples _ in the basket. Some orange juice _ in the glass.A. is ; isB. is ; areC. are ; isD. are ; are22. They have _ potatoes, but they dont have _ tomatoes.A. some ; someB. some ; anyC. any ; someD. any ; any23. Is that ball large? _.A. No, thats a smallB. No, thats small oneC. No, its small ballD. No, it isnt24. Would you like some tea? _.A. Yes, pleaseB. No, pleaseC. No, I dontD. Yes, I would25. Wed like some beef and chicken. OK. _.A. Here you areB. ThanksC. Give them to me, pleaseD. Have some, please26. Would you like _ football with us? Certainly. I like _ football very much.A. to play ; playingB. to play ; playC. playing ; playingD. playing ; to play27. Are _ hot dogs over there yours?A. thisB. theseC. thatD. those28. I like giraffes because they are _ interesting.A. a kind ofB. kinds ofC. a kindD. kind of29. Ling Ling is very shy, _ please be very quiet.A. asB. butC. soD. or30. Id like a large bowl of noodles _ tomato and egg.A. andB. ofC. withD. for 口语交际 学以致用IV. 选择合适的句子完成下列对话（12分）M： Hello! House of dumplings! _31_N： Id like two bowls, please.M： _32_N： Id like a large bowl and a small one.M： _33_N： Id like a large bowl of chicken and cabbage.M： _34_N： Beef and carrot.M： _35_N： Yes, two bottles of orange juice, please.M： _36_N： Theyre just $ 28. A. What size bowl would you like?B. How much are they?C. What can I do for you?D. What would you like in them?E. Anything else?F. What about the small one?31. _32. _33. _34. _35. _36. _ 读写训练 提升能力V. 根据短文的内容选择正确的答案（10分）In many English homes people eat four meals a day: breakfast, lunch, afternoon tea and dinner.People have breakfast at any time from seven to nine in the morning. They eat porridge, eggs or bread. English people drink tea or coffee at breakfast.Lunch comes at one oclock. Afternoon tea is from four to five in the afternoon and dinner is about half past seven. First they have soup, then they have meat or fish with vegetables. After that they eat some other things, like bananas, apples, or oranges.But not all English people eat like that. Some of them have their dinner in the middle of the day. Their meals are breakfast, dinner, tea and supper and all these meals are very simple. （简单） 37. Many English people have _ meals a day.A. twoB. threeC. fourD. three or four38. People may have their breakfast _.A. before sevenB. at any timeC. after sevenD. at any time from seven to nine39. Tea comes _.A. at oneB. after supperC. before supperD. at any time40. English people dont have _ for dinner.A. porridgeB. meat and fishC. bananas and applesD. soup and meat41. _ of English people have their meals in the middle of the day.A. FewB. SomeC. MostD. Lots VI. 完型填空（20分）Many people like to read the Guinness Book of World Records （吉尼斯世界纪录大全）, and some people want to _42_ in it! _43_ do people get their _44_ in the book? They do something _45_ and _46_, such as making the worlds largest cake with more than 54,000 eggs.For many people, it is fun to make _47_ records. It is exciting. But who eats the _48_?While some people are making world records, _49_ do not have much food _50_. Hunger （饥饿） is a very serious problem （严重的问题） in many places. How many _51_ people do not have enough money to buy good food? How many children go to bed without dinner? The answer is Too many. 42. A. joinB. isC. beD. /43. A. HowB. WhatC. WhenD. Why44. A. foodB. namesC. rightsD. records45. A. newB. oldC. importantD. interesting46. A. difficultB. differentC. niceD. good47. A. theirB. itsC. hisD. world48. A. cakeB. foodC. itD. that49. A. theyB. peopleC. othersD. we50. A. to eatB. to buyC. to haveD. to own51. A. ofB. oldC. youngD. weak VII. 书面表达（18分）52. 补全下面的广告（12分）New Century Dumpling HouseSpecialsWhat _ bowl would you like?Small, _ or large? And what _ you _ in it? We have three great new _:1. Beef and onions2. Cabbage and mutton3. mutton and carrotThey are only $ 2.00. We _ have great salad _ _ _ orange juice _ and green_. _ a bowl of dumplings today!53. 向外国朋友介绍一种你的本地的美食月饼 mooncakes （6分） 【试题答案】I.（A）1. dumplings （可数名词复数）2. cabbage （不可数）3. onions（可数）4. carrots（可数）5. tomatoes（可数）6. eggs （可数）7. chicken legs8. fish9. rice（不可数）10. orange juice（不可数）（B）11. B12. A13. C14. A15. AII.16. What would you like? （你要什么？）17. What size pizza would you like? （你要多大份的比萨？）18. Would you like something? （你要东西吗？）19. Does she like cheese? （她喜欢奶酪吗？）20. How much is the California pizza? （加利福利亚比萨多少钱？）III.21. C考查名词的数及主谓一致的问题。some apples are，some orange juice is。22. B考查不定代词some与any的用法。some用于肯定句。any用于否定句和一般疑问句，但在Would you like .? 中仍用some，不用any。23. DA、B、C选项均有错误，正确的表述应为：A. Thats a small ball. B. Thats a small one. C. Its a small one.24. A考查Would like sth.? 的回答，应用Yes, please.25. A考查交际用语。句意：我们要些奶酪和洋葱。好的，给你。26. A考查Would like to do与like doing / to do的区别：前者相当于want to do只能跟不定式to do；后者两个均可以，（like to do 或like doing）。故只有A正确。27. D考查指示代词和名词的用法。关键有两点：hot dogs为复数，只能被these，those修饰，these指近处，those指较远处，文中over there意为那边，故答案为those，句意那边的热狗是你的吗？28. D考查a kind of （一种），kind of （一点），interesting是形容词，被副词kind of修饰，有点有趣如果要说很有趣则用very interesting 来表达。29. C考查几个并列连词的用法，根据句意可知前后两个句子为因果关系，只能选so。30. C考查介词with（有）作定语的用法，在第一单元已出现过，如：a small house with interesting garden. 一幢带有一个有趣花园的小房子。IV.31. C （你买什么）购物时的惯用语，相当于Can I help you。32. A 由下句large和small可判断出来。33. D34. F35. E（还要别的东西吗？）36. BV.37. C 由第一句话（In many）. 可知。38. D 文中已明确指出：at any time（任何时候）from seven to nine in the morning。39. C40. A 文中没有提及porridg（粥）。41. BVI.42. C43. A44. B45. A46. B47. D48. A49. C50. A51. BVII.52. size，medium，would，like，kinds，also，as，well，as，drinks，tea，Order53. 略。