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Closing.完形填空First read and then choose the best answer. You are supposed to finish reading within 4.5min.My first job was at a local restaurant, where I worked for seven years and learned so many lessons, especially from a fellow 1 .Helen was in her 30s and had extraordinary self-confidence, something I was really 2 . I looked up to Helen 3 she was doing what she loved 4 people better. She always made everyone, customers and co-workers, 5 and feel good.Being a waitress changed my life. One of my 6 customers was Fred Hasbrook. He always ate an omelet（炒蛋）, and when I saw him _7 , I tried to have it on his table as soon as he sat down.Thanks to the newfound confidence I 8 _from Helen, I dreamed of having my own _9 . But when I called my parents to ask for a loan（贷款）, they said, “We just dont have the money.”The next day, Fred saw me and asked, “Whats 10 ? Youre not smiling today.” I _11_my dream with him and said, “Fred, I know I can do more if somebody 12 just have faith in me.”Before long he handed me checks 13 _$50,000along with a note that I have to this day. It reads, “The only collateral（抵押品）on this loan is my trust in your 14 as a person. Good people with a dream should have 15 _to make that dream come true.”I took the checks to Merrill Lynch, where the money was provided for me. I 16 _working at the restaurant, making 17 for the restaurant I would open. My plans soured, though, and I lost the 18 .Later I decided to apply for a job at Merill Lynch. Even though I had no experience, I was_19 and ended up becoming a pretty good agent. 20 . I paid back Fred the $50,000, plus 14-percent annual interest. Five years later, I was able to open my own firm.1. A. friend B. waitress C. citizen D. customer2. A. losing B. earning C. sharing D. lacking3. A. while B. though C. because D. unless4. A. helping B. respecting C. serving D. praising5. A. work B. eat C. smile D. speak6. A. regular B. favorite C. respected D. fresh7. A. eating B. greeting C.smiling D. coming8. A. found out B. picked up C. got back D. took away9. A. restaurant B. work C. house D. money10. A. ahead B. that C. there D. up11. A. exchanged B. discussed C. shared D. explained12. A. should B. would C. might D. must13. A. counting B. totaling C. adding D. valuing14. A. ability B. honesty C. responsibilty D. identity15. A. patience B. confidence C. choice D. chance16. A. loved B. practiced C. continued D. enjoyed17. A. tables B. plans C. decisions D. suggestions18. A. faith B. honesty C. money D. friend19. A. hired B. rejected C. encouraged D. determined20. A. Fortunately B. Excitedly C. Personally D. EventualReading comprehension 阅读理解First read and then choose the best answer . There is only one answer to each question . You may spend at most 7min on each passage.A(福建2008)The global energy crisis is approaching. What can we do? Here are some steps you can take.Cooling puts the greatest stress on your summer energy bill and the power grid (电网). Just as a tune-up for your car can improve your gas mileage, a yearly tune-up of your heating and cooling system can improve efficiency and comfort. Clean or replace filters monthly or as needed.For central air conditioning systems and room air conditioners, look for the ENERGY STAR, the federal governments symbol for energy efficiency. For central air, purchase the system with the highest possible Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio (SEER).Use energy-efficient ceiling fans either alone or with air conditioning. Ceiling fans do a great job of circulating air. When used with air conditioning, fans allow you to raise the thermostat (恒温器) and cut costs. Ceiling fans cool people, not rooms, so before you leave, turn off the ceiling fan.Let a programmable thermostat “remember for you” to automatically adjust the indoor climate with your daily and weekend patterns to reduce cooling bills by up to 10 percent. You can come home to a comfortable house without wasting energy and creating pollution all day while you are at work.Try to make your home airtight enough to increase your comfort, make your home quieter and cleaner and reduce your cooling costs up to 20 percent.Cut your air conditioning load, and reduce pollution by planting leafy trees around your home and fixing reflective bricks on your roof.Close blinds or shades on south-and west-facing windows during the day, or fix shading equipment to avoid heat build-up.Turn off everything not in use: lights, TVs, computers. And use fluorescent bulbs (荧光灯), which provide bright, warm light while using at least two-thirds less energy, producing 70 percent less heat and lasting up to 10 times longer than incandescent bulbs (白炽灯).Drive the car that gets better gas mileage whenever possible if you own more than one vehicle. If you drive 12,500 miles a year, switching 10 percent of your trips from a car that gets 20 miles per gallon to one that gets 30 mpg will save you more than $65 per year.Carpool. The average U.S. commuter (乘车上班族) could save about $260 a year by sharing cars twice a week with two other people in a car that gets 20.1 mpg assuming the three passengers share the cost of gas.1. According to the passage, the thermostat is used to _.A. make rooms quieterB. control room temperatureC. turn off the air conditionerD. reduce room air pollution2. We can conclude from the passage that the author probably discourages _.A. planting leafy trees around your homeB. turning off the ceiling fan before you leave your houseC. keeping your south-facing windows open during the dayD. using fluorescent bulbs instead of incandescent bulbs3 According to the passage，you can save fuel by _.A. using energy-efficient ceiling fansB. sharing cars with others on weekdaysC. turning off everything not in use D. reducing 10% of your car trips every year4. This passage is mainly about _.A. energy-saving tipsB. fuel-saving tipsC. do-it-yourself tips D. environment-protecting tipsB（浙江 2008）A simple piece of clothesline hangs between some environmentally friendly Americans and their neighbors.On one side stand those who see clothes dryers (干衣机) as a waste of energy and a major polluter of the environment. As a result, they are turning to clotheslines as part of the “what-I-can-do environmentalism (环境保护主义).”On the other side are people who are against drying clothes outside, arguing that clotheslines are unpleasant to look at. They have persuaded Homeowners Associations (HOAs) access the U.S. to ban outdoor clotheslines, because clothesline drying also tends to lower home value in the neighborhood. This has led to a Right-to-Dry Movement that is calling for laws to be passed to protect peoples right to use clotheslines.So far, only three states have laws to protect clothesline. Right-to-Dry supporters argue that there should be more.Matt Reck, 37, is the kind of eco-conscious (有生态意识的) person who feeds his trees with bathwater and reuses water drops from his air conditioners to water plants. His family also uses a clothesline. But on July 9, 2007, the HOA in Wake Forest, North Carolina, told him that a dissatisfied neighbor had telephoned them about his clothesline. The Recks paid no attention to the warning and still dried their clothes on a line in the yard. “Many people say they are environmentally friendly but they dont take matters into their own hands,” says Reck. The local HOA has decided not to take any action, unless more neighbors come to them.North Carolina lawmakers are saying that banning clotheslines is not the right thing to do. But HOAs and housing businesses believe that clothesline drying reminds people of poor neighborhoods. They worry that if buyers think their future neighbors cant even afford dryers, housing prices will fall.Environmentalists say such worries are not necessary, and in view of global warming, that idea needs to change. As they say, “The clothesline is beautiful. Hanging clothes outside should be encouraged. We all have to do at least something to slow down the process of global warming.”1. One of the reasons why supporters of clothes dryers are trying to ban clothesline drying is that _.A. clothes dryers are more efficient B. clothesline drying reduces home valueC. clothes dryers are energy-saving D. clothesline drying is not allowed in most U.S. states2. Which of the following best describes Matt Reck?A. He is a kind-hearted man. B. He is an impolite man.C. He is an experienced gardener. D. He is a man of social responsibility.3. Who are in favor of clothesline drying?A. Housing businesses.B. Environmentalists.C. Homeowners Associations. D. Recks dissatisfied neighbors.4. What is mainly discussed in the text?A. Clothesline drying: a way to save energy and money.B. Clothesline drying: a lost art rediscovered.C. Opposite opinions on clothesline drying.D. Different varieties of clotheslines.CThe Diet Zone: A Dangerous Place （北京2008）Diet Coke, diet Pepsi, diet pills, no-fat diet, vegetable diet . We are surrounded by the word “diet” everywhere we look and listen. We have so easily been attracted by the promise and potential of diet products that we have stopped thinking about what diet products are doing to us. We are paying for products that harm us psychologically and physically（身体上）. Diet products significantly weaken us psychologically. On one level, we are not allowing our brains to admit that our weight problems lie not in actually losing the weight, but in controlling the consumption of fatty, high-calorie, unhealthy foods. Diet products allow us to jump over the thinking stage and go straight for the scale （秤） instead. All we have to do is to swallow or recognize the word “diet” in food labels. On another level, diet products have greater psychological effects. Every time we have a zero-calorie drink, we are telling ourselves without our awareness that we dont have to work to get results. Diet products make people believe that gain comes without pain, and that life can be without resistance and struggle. The danger of diet products lies not only in the psychological effects they have on us, but also in the physical harm that they cause. Diet foods can indirectly harm our bodies because consuming them instead of healthy foods means we are preventing our bodies from having basic nutrients (营养成分). Diet foods and diet pills contain zero calorie only because the diet industry has created chemicals to produce these wonder products. Diet products may not be nutritional, and the chemicals that go into diet products are potentially dangerous. Now that we are aware of the effects that diet products have on us, it is time to seriously think about buying them. Losing weight lies in the power of minds, not in the power of chemicals. Once we realize this, we will be much better able to resist diet products, and therefore prevent the psychological and physical harm that comes from using them.1. From Paragraph 1, we learn that _.A. diet products fail to bring out peoples potentialB. people have difficulty in choosing diet productsC. diet products are misleading peopleD. people are fed up with diet products2. One psychological effect of diet products is that people tend to _.A. try out a variety of diet foodsB. hesitate before they enjoy diet foodsC. pay attention to their own eating habitsD. watch their weight rather than their diet3. In Paragraph 3, “gain comes without pain” probably means _.A. losing weight is effortlessB. it costs a lot to lose weightC. diet products bring no painD. diet products are free from calories4. Diet products indirectly harm people physically because such products _.A. are over-consumedB. lack basic nutrientsC. are short of chemicalsD. provide too much energy任务型First read and then fill in the chart below using one word in each blank only. You may spend at most 7min on it.The family sphere(范围) used to be defined by its isolation from the public realm. There was the public male realm（领域）of rational accomplishment and cruel competition, and the private female and child-rearing sphere of home, intuition（直觉）and emotion. The private realm was supposed to be isolated from the realities of adult life. For both better and worse, television and other electronic media tend to break down the difference between those two worlds. The membrane around the family sphere is much more permeable(可渗透的). TV takes public events and transforms them into dramas that are played out in the privacy of our living rooms, kitchens and bedrooms. Parents used to be the channel through which children learned about the outside world. They could decide what to tell their children and when to tell it to them. Since children learn to read in stages, books provide a kind of natural screening process, where adults can decide what to tell and not tell children of different reading abilities. Television destroyed the system that separated adult from child knowledge and separated information into year-by-year slices for children of different ages. Instead, it presents the same information directly to children of all ages, without going through adult filters. So television presents a real challenge to adults. While a parent can read a newspaper without sharing it with children in the same room, television is accessible to everyone in that space. And unlike books, television doesnt allow us to flip（翻转）through it and see whats coming up. We may think were giving our children a lesson in science by having them watch the Challenger take off, and then suddenly they learn about death, disaster and adult mistakes. Books allow adults to discuss privately what to tell or not tell children. This also allows parents to keep adult material secret from children and keep their secret keeping secret. Take that same material and put it on The Today Show and you have 800,000 children hearing the very things the adults are trying to keep from them. Television takes our kids across the globe before parents give them permission to cross the street. More importantly, children gradually learn that adults are worried and anxious about being parents. Actually, television has also places families under a lot of stress. How Television Changes Childhood?Main comparisonsContextsDistance between _1_and the outside.Homes used to be isolated from the _2_realm.Homes nowadays are _3_to the outside world. Media through which children can obtain informationIn the past, children might learn _4_about the outside world with the help of parents and _5_.More information is got directly through TV and other electronic media, which breaks down the _6_ between adult world and the child world._7_ of the information children getTraditionally, kids could only knew what they should learn at their age, carefully_8_by their parents.Everything can possibly be known by children, including many aspects of _ life.Effects on family educationParental instructionFamilies are now under greater stress than before. Adults are anxious about being parents and faced with new _10_.拓展阅读：Students out to repair broken English found on citys signsBy Liu Yujie (China Daily)Updated: 2010-12-14 10:27Multilingual notices welcomed but drive begins to make them betterMore than 500 Chinese and foreign university students will hit the streets this week to identify mistranslations into English and French on public signs.Related readings:Close the book on ChinglishShanghai goes all out to beat ChinglishThe project was launched by the Foreign Affairs Office of the Beijing Municipal Government and the Multi-language Service Center (MSC) of Beijing Foreign Studies University on Dec 11.Zhang Qian, vice-director of the Beijing Foreign Affairs Office (BFAO), said the activity aims to address the incorrect translations still visible in public places around Beijing, and standardize translations in the future.Wei Jinyi, at the MSC, who is in charge of the activity, told METRO on Monday that while the inspection of public signs in English goes on every year, this year marks the first time that French translations will also be thoroughly checked.He said the volunteers have been divided into two groups, on-site and off-site. The off-site group will periodically visit public places to take photos of signs, while the on-site group will process the images and do linguistic assessments.The citys underground stations, Beijing Capital International Airport, the Summer Palace, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Birds Nest and the National Aquatics Center are among the first places that will be inspected.Wei said the first phase is due to be completed by the end of December.However, the activity will continue into next year, covering more public places in the capital, Wei added.All the volunteers are selected from universities featuring foreign language studies, including Beijing Foreign Studies University, China Foreign Affairs University, Renmin University of China, the Communications University of China, and the University of International Relations.Before the launch of the activity, all the volunteers underwent training.The data collected will be handed over to a team of professional translators including expats and teachers of English who will correct the errors and establish a pool of standard translations for future reference.Wei said a database of Japanese and Korean versions is also expected to be in place next year.With Beijings fast ride to becoming an international city, the proper use of foreign languages on public signs will become even more important because there will be more foreigners coming.Li Chen, a sophomore majoring in English at the Communications University of China, got himself registered as a volunteer because it makes him happy to put his learning into practice.I have great interest in reading English translations of public signs, Li said. Sometimes, I come across rigid translations that make me laugh. Other times, I see different translations of the same roads and places. If not corrected, I think they will be confusing for tourists.NOTES multilingual/mltilwl/adj. In or using several languages多语言的 identify/adentfa/ v. to recognize somebody/something and be able to say who or what they are确认；认出；鉴定 launch/lnt/ v. to start an activity, especially an organized one开始从事，发起，发动（尤指有组织的活动） visible/vzbl/ adj. that can be seen看得见的；可见的 standardize;-ise/stnddaz/v. to make objects or activities of the same type have the same features or qualities; to make something standard使标准化；使符合标准（或规格） inspectioninspekn v. Careful examination or scrutiny检查,检验;审视 linguistic/lwstk/ adj. connected with language or the scientific study of language语言的；语言学的 assessmentsesmnt n. The evaluation or estimation of the nature, quality, or ability of someone or something评价;估计 phase/fez/ n. a stage in a process of change or development阶段；时期 establish/stbl/ v. to start or create an organization, a system, etc. that is meant to las
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