高三一轮复习人教版英语公开课.ppt

定语从句 AttributiveClause Whatinterestshimmostisbasketball Idon tknowwherehelives Theproblemiswhetherwecanraiseenoughmoney Hemadeasuggestionthatthemeetingbeputoff I dliketogowhereIamneeded There snothingthatIcandoforhim I llneverforgetthedaywhenhejoinedthearmy 主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 状语从句 定语从句 定语从句 定语从句的考查要点 1 功能 相当于形容词 修饰名词或代词 在句中作定语 2 位置 定语从句置于被修饰词之后 Thosewhoarefortheplanraiseyourhands please 3 先行词 被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词 先行词一般是名词和不定代词 如 some any every 和no 与 body thing的合成词 或all none any some that those等代词 数词也可以作先行词 人称代词也同样可作先行词 4 关系词 连接先行词与从句的词叫关系词 1 连接主从句2 指代先行词3 充当从句的主语 关系代词 who whom which that as等 关系副词 when where why等 从句中作主语宾语或表语 who 人 whom 人 that 人和物 which 物 as 人和物 Iwastheonlypersoninmyofficewhowasinvited Thedaysaregonewhenphysicalstrengthwasallyouneededtomakealiving Ididn tknowthereasonwhyhecamelate Thisistheonlywaythatwecanfindatpresent 从句中作状语 5 确定关系词的步骤 1 先找先行词 看先行词指的是什么 2 看从句中所缺少的的成分 少主语 宾语或表语用关系代词 who whom that which as 缺少状语用关系副词 when where why 1 Thisistheplace isworthvisiting 2 Therearemanyplaces wecanvisitinChina 3 Doyouremembertheday westayedtogetherlastyear 4 Doyouremembertheday wespenttogetherlastyear 5 Thisisthemuseum heworks 6 Thisisthemuseum hevisitedlastweek 7 I dliketovisitthefarm heworksonSundays 8 I dliketovisitthefarm heworkson which that that which when where that which that which where which that 在从句不少主语的情况下要判断从句中的动词是及物还是不及物 如果是不及物动词再看有没有搭配使用的介词 6 whose作关系词既指人又指物 在从句中作定语 DoyouknowMr Smithwhosestoryisverymoving Thereisaroom whosewindowfacestheriver 7 关系代词as在从句中作主语 宾语和表语 1 先行词被such和thesame修饰 Suchbooksasyouboughtareuseful Theschoolisjustthesameasitwas10yearsago 缺少宾语 缺少表语 注意 such that 引导结果状语从句 Such as 引导定语从句 如 Theyaresuchlovelychildren welovethemmuch Theyaresuchlovelychildren welovemuch 从句缺少宾语 that as 从句不缺少成分 2 无先行词的定语从句用as和which引导 区别 意义上 as含有 这点正如 一样 位置上 as从句可置句首 也可在另处 Hedidn tpasstheexam aswehadexpected Hemadehissistercry whichangeredhismother Asisknown theearthisround 介词 关系代词 1 相当于相应的关系副词 2 介词取决于和先行词或动词的固定搭配 Doyouremembertheday westayedtogetherlastyear when onwhich Doyouknowthegirl hewastalking withwhom 1 介词 关系代词 引导定语从句的关系代词只有whom 指人 which 指物 和whose 表所有 注意不能用who或that Doyouremembertheday westayedtogetherlastyear onwhich Doyouknowthegirl hewastalking withwhom 注意 2 介词 关系代词 引导的定语从句中关系代词不能省略 但介词后置时限制性定语从句中的关系代词可以省 Doyouknowthegirl hewastalking withwhom Doyouknowthegirl hewastalkingwith who that whom 3 关系副词可以用 介词 关系代词 来替换 when at in on which where at in on which why forwhich 关系代词whose常可用 of which whom 来替换 Ican tremembertheexacttime hecameback YesterdayIvisitedthecompany heworks Nooneknowsthereason hemissedschoolyesterday Pleasepassmethebook coverisblue Pleasepassmethebook thecoverisblue Pleasepassmethebookthecover isblue when atwhich where inwhich why forwhich whose ofwhich ofwhich 限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句 限定性定语从句是句中不可缺少的组成部分 主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开 非限定性定语从句是对主句先行词的补充说明 没有这种从句不影响主句意思完整 一般用逗号把主句和从句分开 引导词 关系代词和关系副词 作宾语时一些关系代词可以省略 引导词 who whom whose which ofwhich when where等 不用that 不能省略 Iwastheonlypersoninmyofficewhowasinvited 2 Hisdog whichwasveryold becameillanddied 限定性定语从句 如果把从句部分去掉 整个句子的含义就变了 非限定性定语从句 去掉从句 主句的意义仍然完整 不用that Moreexercises 1 Readingbooks takesthereadertootherworlds isawonderfulwaytoenjoylife A thatB whatC asD Which2 Doyouhaveanythingtosayforyourselves Yes there sonepoint wemustinsiston A whyB whereC howD 少主语 指事 非限制性 少宾语 限制性定语从句 可省 3 Theseoldpicturesbringtotheirmindthecollegedays theyspenttogether lifewashardbuthappy A when whoseB which whoseC which whenD when which4 Everyonewillgothroughlife sstagesofupsanddowns self respectplaysakeyroleinthematurityofaperson A whenB whichC asD that 少宾语 指时间 少时间状语 少时间状语 5 Thereason hewaslatewas hehadtosendhisgrandmatoahospital A that whyB why becauseC why thatD that because6 Rememberthatthereisstillonepoint wemustmakeclearattheconferencetomorrow A whereB whyC whenD that 少原因状语 表语从句 不少成分 少宾语 指事情 7 Thate bookisnolargerthananordinarybookwithascreen youcanreadnovels A inwhichB ofwhichC thatD Where8 MountHuangshanissuchanattractiveplaceofinterest everyonelikestovisit A asB thatC whichD what 少状语 少宾语 Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswhohasgotverygoodmarksinthematch 句中one为先行词 Heisoneofthestudentswhohavegotgoodmarksinthematch 句中students为先行词 几个特殊的定语从句句型 Isthisplacetheone that wevisitedyesterday Isthistheplace that which wevisitedyesterday Hestoodatthewindow fromwherehecouldseewhatwashappening Itmayrain inwhichcasethematchwillbeputoff At3 42ameverythingbegantoshake Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend Elevenkilometersdirectlybelowthecitythegreatestearthquakeofthe20thcenturyhadbegun ItwasfeltinBeijing whichismorethantwohundredkilometersaway One thirdofthenationfeltit Ahugecrackthatwaseightkilometerslongandthirtymeterswidecutacrosshouses roadsandcanals Steamburstfromholesintheground Hardhillsofrockbecameriversofdirt Infifteenterriblesecondsalargecitylayinruins Thesufferingofthepeoplewasextreme Two thirdsofthemdiedorwereinjuredduringtheearthquake Thousandsoffamilieswerekilledandmanychildrenwereleftwithoutparents Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorinjuredreachedmorethan400 000 Beijing crack people