资源描述
English Notes Book 1 Unit 11.do a survey surveys（调查）add up 合计；加起来add up to 总计达；总共有（多少）add A to B 给B加上A add to 增添；增加2.ignore ignorant（adj.） ignorance(n.)be ignorant of=be in ignorance=ignoretake no notice of/pay no attention to3.calm:心情平静 calm sb downquite:环境安静still:一动不动；静止silent:沉默4.be concerned about/for=be worried aboutbe concerned with 与.有关；涉及as far as sb is concerned=in ones opinion 我认为5.go through6.set down=write down set up=build set about doing=set out to do（动/手做某事）7.a TV series 电视剧8.be outdoors(indoors) =in the open air 9.spellbound adj. 入迷的10.on purpose 故意 do sth on purposedo sth with/for the purpose of 怀着.的目的by chance/accident 偶然11.in order （not）to(为了（表目的）)12.at dusk （在黄昏时刻）at dawn（天一亮；在黎明）13.thundering adj. 雷鸣般的14.entirely= completely15.be good to;（对友好）Be good doing sth.（擅长于）Finish doing sth.（结束做某事）point 分数；point to 指向（远）；point at 指着（近）16.参加：take part in join加入社团，党 成为一员join in doing sth.attend the meeting参加婚礼17.not.until 直到.才18.力：power：权利，政权，电源strength（n.） strong（adj.）力气，力量energy：精力force：暴力（ sb to do ）19.get/be tiered of doing sth.get doing sth. 20.fall in love at fi日st sight.一见钟情 fall in love with sb.21.cheat in the exam 作弊 cheat sb 欺骗某人 cheat sb(out)of sth 骗某人某物 cheat sb into doing sth 骗某人做某事22.should have done 本来应该做某事（而实际没做，含有责备的意味） should not have done本来不该做某事（而实际已做）23.make a list of 列清单 在单上:on the list24. have sth do（做什么事）Have sth doing（一直在进行）Have sth to do（有待做）未曾发生25.by doing sth (通过什么手段)26.be afraid to do sth 害怕去做. be afraid of doing 害怕某事发生27. hide-and-hide 捉迷藏28. do with 与.有联系 处理=deal with29. much too+adj. too much+不可数名词30.happen to 碰巧 sb happen to do sth（某人碰巧做某事）31.face to face面对面地 （在句中作状语）face-to-face面对面的（作定语）类似的还有： heart to heart （坦诚地）shoulder to shoulder （肩并肩地）back to back （背对背地） step by step （一步接一步地）side by side （肩并肩）one by one （一个接一个）arm in arm （手挽手地）I. ANNES BEST FRIEND安妮最好的朋友Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts? 译文：你需要一位可以倾诉衷肠的朋友吗？比如倾诉你的感情和思想。【注释: whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts是定语从句，修饰限定先行词a friend，而whom是关系代词作to的宾语，用来指代前面的先行词friend; 从句中运用了tell sth. to sb.意思为：告诉某人某事； like your deepest feelings and thoughts并列列举出了everything的部分内容，也可用such as替换like,表示“比如”。】Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you, or would not understand what you are going through? 译文：你是害怕你的朋友嘲笑你呢，还是担心你的朋友不理解你所经历的呢？【注释：第一个or紧紧承接上文，与上文构成选择关系；第二个or用来连接两个并列谓语“would laugh at you和would not understand what you are going through”，表示选择关系,其中的“what you are going through”为understand的宾语从句；laugh at嘲笑；go through经历，检查，练习，遭受，完成。】Anne Frank wanted the first kind, so she made her best friend.译文：安妮弗兰克想要的是第一种情况，所以她交了最好的朋友。【注释：make friends with sb.与交朋友】Anne lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War II.译文：安妮在二战期间住在荷兰的阿姆斯特丹。 Her family was Jewish so they had to hid or they would be caught by the German Nazis.译文：她的家人是犹太人所以他们必须躲藏起来，否则就会被德国纳粹抓起来。【注释：so引导的前后为因果关系；or表示“否则，要不然”； be caught by表示“被抓起来”；“be + 过去分词”构成被动语态。】 She and her family hid away for nearly twenty-five months before they were discovered. 译文：她和她的家人躲藏几乎25月之后才被发现。【注释：hide away意为“躲藏起来”。nearly意为“几乎，将近”，后跟确定的数字，而almost则表示模糊不定的概念，如：In the hall it was almost dark.大厅里几乎一片漆黑。before表示“在以前”，用以表示从句动作发生之前的时间，译法灵活。(1)强调从句动作发生在主句之前，意为“不等就”。例如：She was angry before I could explain to her.我还没来得及向她解释她就生气了。He asked a second question before I could answer the first question.我还没来得及回答第一个问题，他又问了一个问题。(2)在“Itbe时间段before从句”中，意为“之后才”。例如：The fire lasted about four hours before the firefighters could control it.大火持续了大约四个小时，消防人员才得以控制住。(3)在“Itbe否定形式longbefore从句”中，意为“不久就”。例如：It was not long before he told me about it.不久他就告诉了我这件事情。(4)在特定的情景中，意为“趁着”。例如：I must write it down before I forget it.趁着还没忘，我把它记下来。】During that time the only true friend was her diary. 译文：在此期间，她唯一真正的朋友就是她的日记。She said, “I dont want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do, but I want this diary itself to be my friend, and I shall call my friend Kitty”. 译文：她说：“我不想像大多数人所做的那样，只是记流水账，而是我想要我的日记成为我最好的朋友，并且我把我的朋友叫作基蒂”。【注释：set down记下；（使）放下，（使）坐下，制定，降落。例如：1）He was asked to set down the facts just as he remembered them.他被要求根据记忆把事实写下来。2）He set me down in a comfortable chair.他让我坐在一张舒适的椅子里。3）It is necessary to set down these additional rules.有必要制定这些补充规则。a series of一系列的。例如：The post office will issue a series of new stamps.邮局将要发行一套新邮票。as引导方式状语从句，表示“像一样”。例如：1）He smiled and I smiled back, as you do. 他微微一笑，我也报以微笑，就这样而已。2）She is as tall as her mother.她和她母亲一样高。to be my friend作this diary itself的补足语。】Now read how she felt after being in the hiding place since July 1942.译文：现在读读她从1942年7月以后躲藏起来的感受。Thursday 15th June, 1944Dear Kitty,I wonder if its because I havent been able to be outdoors for so long that Ive grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.译文：我想知道是不是因为我好久没有能够到外面的缘故，以至于我对一切与自然有关的东西变得如此疯狂地喜欢。【注释：outdoors adv. 在户外，作状语；而outdoor是adj.户外的，露天的，作定语。例如：1） Children like to play outdoors.孩子们喜欢在户外玩耍。2）He likes watching most outdoor games. 他喜欢观看大部分的室外运动项目。be/grow crazy about对疯狂地喜欢，对着迷。例如：He is crazy about that girl.他迷上了那位女孩。to do with:与有关；处置，对待。例如：1）I am not involved in it; it has nothing to do with me.我与这事没有牵连; 它与我无关。2）What shall we do with the drunken sailor?我们怎么处置这个喝醉的水手?】 I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.译文：我非常清楚地记得有一段时期湛蓝的天空、鸟儿的鸣唱、月光和鲜花从没能使我着迷。【注释：well“很, 相当”，相当于very,表示强调. 例如：1）The visit had been planned well in advance.那次访问很早就计划好了。2)You may well be right.很可能是你对. there was a time when:有那么一个时期。 例如：There was a time when I wanted to play truant.有那么一个时期我想逃学。spellbound adj. 入迷的；出神的。例如：The children were spellbound by the circus performance.孩子们被马戏表演迷住了。】 Thats changed since I was here.译文：自从来到这，这一切都改变了。 For example, one evening when it was so warm, I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven in order to have a good look at the moon by myself. 译文：比如，一天晚上，非常暖和，为了独自能亲眼好好看一眼月亮，我就故意到晚上11点半还醒着。【注释：on purpose故意地，有目的地。如：I sometimes think that all his supposed mistakes are made on purpose just to annoy me.我有时认为他犯的那些被信以为真的一切错误是故意为了气我。in order to:为了, 动词不定式作目的状语，该状语可以位于句首，也可以位于句子后面，但so as to引导的目的状语只能放在句子的后面，即so as to不能位于句首。如：The test questions are kept secret so as to（in order to） prevent cheating. = In order to prevent cheating, the test questions are kept secret.考试题保密以防作弊。by myself独自。 如：I live by myself.我一个人生活。】 But as the moon gave far too much light, I didnt dare open a window.译文：可是，随着月光越来越亮，我竟不敢打开窗户。【注释：as 连词，表示“随着”。如：As she grew older, she kept more to herself.随着年龄的增长，她变得更沉默了。dare用作情态动词时后面直接加动词，即dare do;用作行为动词时后面要加to,即dare to do;不管是用作情态动词还是行为动词dare都有词形变化，即过去式为dared do, dared to do,过去式的否定式为：didnt dare do或didnt dare to do;或dared not do和dared not to do】 Another time five months ago, I happened to be upstairs at dusk when the window was open. 译文：5个月之前，又有一次，黄昏时分我碰巧在楼上，突然，窗户开了。【注释：happen to碰巧，如：I happened to be out when Tom came to visit me yesterday. at dusk黄昏，如：The street lights come on at dusk and go off at dawn.路灯在黄昏时开, 拂晓时关。 sb. happened to do sth. when .某人碰巧在做某事的时候，突然。】I didnt go downstairs until the window had to be shut.译文：直到窗户不得不关上，我才下楼。【注释：not until:直到才, 如：you dont know what you can achieve until you try.尝试后才能知道自己能成就什么。】 The dark, rainy evening, the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power; 译文：那黑暗，那雨夜，那夜风，那闪亮轰鸣的云朵，它们完全把我笼罩着。it was the first time in a year and a half that Id seen the night face to face译文：那是我一年半以来第一次面对面目睹那夜色。【注释：it is the first time that sb. has done sth.某人第一次做某事。如：It is the first time that I has come to Wenzhou.这是我第一次到温州来。 注意：It was the first time that sb. had done sth.】Sadly I am only able to look at nature through dirty curtains hanging before very dusty windows.译文：遗憾的是,我只能通过悬挂在布满灰尘窗户上的肮脏的窗帘来观看大自然。【注释： hanging before very dusty windows是现在分词作定语修饰前面的名词curtains,该分词与所修饰的名词之间的逻辑关系是主谓关系。如： (09赣-34) The government plans to bring in new laws _ parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children.A. forced B. forcing C. to be forced D. having forced (09浙-7) There is a great deal of evidence _ that music activities engage different parts of the brain.A. indicate B. indicating C. to indicate D. to be indicating】 Its no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced.译文：再看这外面的大自然已经没有意义了，因为大自然只有经过亲身体验才有意义。【注释：looking through these any longer是动名词短语作主语，句首的It是形式主语;look through意思为：仔细检查审查(某物)，例如：Ill look your suggestion through before passing it to the committee.我要先审查一下你的建议然后再送交委员会。对(某人)视而不见，例如：I said good morning but she looked me straight through and walked on.我对她道了声早安, 可她却视而不见径直走了过去。穿过看，例如：I looked through a telescope.我用望远镜看东西。看穿识破(某人或某事)= see through，例如：I have looked through the man; he hasnt any real learning.我已看透那个人了, 他没有一点真才实学。】
展开阅读全文