不定式和动名词作主语的区别.doc

不定式和动名词作主语的区别：(1) 动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作；而不定式作主语表示具体动作。Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here这里禁止抽烟。(抽象)It is not very good for you to smoke so much你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。(具体)(2) 动名词作主语时，通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。Climbing mountains is interesting爬山很有趣。(经验)Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。(经验)To finish the task will take a long time. 要完成这项任务将要花费很长时间。（具体）(3) 不定式做主语，一般用it当形式主语，把作主语的不定式短语后置。It took me only five minutes to finish the job.（4） 动名词做主语往往表示普通的，一般的行为；不定式作主语常常表示某次具体的行为。Collecting information about childrens health is his job. 收集有关儿童健康的信息是他的工作。 Its necessary to discuss the problem with an experienced teacher. 与一位有经验的老师讨论这个问题是有必要的。 2、常用不定式做主语的句型有： （1）Its difficult (important, necessary) for sb. to do （2）Its kind (good, friendly, polite, careless, rude, cruel, clever, foolish, brave) of sb. to do. 3、常用动名词做主语的句型有： Its no good (use, fun) doing. Its (a) waste of time ones doing.