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Unit 3 A healthy life(一)课前自主学习.阅读单词知其意1cigarette n香烟；纸烟2adolescentn.青少年adj.纵联1 青春期的3adolescence n. 青春期纵联2 脾气暴躁的；易怒的5pregnant adj. 怀孕的6packet n. 小包；小盒 7prehension n. 理解(力)8etc (et cetera) adv. 诸如此类的事物；等等9appendix n. 附录；附件10pill n. 药丸；药片11fluid n. 流体；液体12needle n. 针；(注射器的)针头13abortion n.流产；中途失败14cigar n.雪茄烟.重点单词写其形1abuse n&vt. 滥用；虐待2ban vt.n. 纵联3 3due adj. 欠款的；预定的；到期的4tough adj. 困难的；强硬的 5quit_ vt. 停止(做某事)；离开6effect n. 结果；效力；影响7withdrawal_ n. 收回；撤退；戒毒(或脱瘾)过程8lung n. 肺9abnormal adj. 畸形的；异常的10desperate adj. 绝望的；拼命的11male_ adj. 男性的；雄性的n. 男人；雄性动(植)物12female_ adj. 女性的；雌性的n. 雌性的动(植)物；女人13prejudice n. 偏见；成见14judgement n. 看法；判决；判断15embarrassed_ adj. 尴尬的；陷入困境的16awkward adj. 局促不安的；笨拙的.拓展单词通其变1stress n压力；重音vt.加压力于；使紧张stressful adj.产生压力的；紧张的stressed adj.焦虑不安的2addicted adj.入了迷的；上了瘾的addictive adj.使人上瘾的addiction n上瘾；沉溺；嗜好addict vt.使上瘾 n有瘾的人3breathless adj.气喘吁吁的；屏息的breath n呼吸breathe v呼吸4accustom vt.使习惯于accustomed adj.惯常的；习惯了的5automatic adj.无意识的；自动的automatically adv.无意识地；自动地6mental adj.精神的；智力的mentally adv.精神上；智力上7unfit adj.不健康的；不合适的；不合格的fit adj.健康的；合适的fitness n健康纵联48strengthen vt.加强；巩固；使坚强 vi.变强strength n力气；力量；强项strong adj.强壮的；结实的9chemist n药剂师；化学家chemical adj.化学的 n化学制品chemistry n化学10disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的disappointing adj.令人失望的disappoint vt.使失望；使扫兴disappointment n失望；沮丧11ashamed adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的shame n羞耻；羞愧shameful adj.可耻的；不道德的shameless adj.无耻的；厚颜的12weaken vi.(对某事的决心)动摇；减弱 vt.(使)变弱weak adj.虚弱的weakness n弱点13illegal adj.不合法的；违法的legal adj.合法的14survival n幸存survive v幸存survivor n幸存者15alcohol n酒；酒精alcoholic adj.酒精的纵联1.人生历程婴儿：baby小孩：kid/child青少年：youth/teenager/adolescent 成人：adult中年人：a middleaged person老年人：senior citizen/the elderly/the aged纵联2.性格多变，让人难以捉摸badtempered 脾气暴躁的；易怒的sweettempered 性情温和的kindhearted 好心的openminded 虚心的easygoing 随和的outgoing 外向的strongwilled 意志坚强的welleducated 受过良好教育的narrowminded 心胸狭窄的纵联3.“禁止与允许”家族禁止：ban, forbid, prohibit允许：allow, permit, let纵联4.否定前缀un高频形容词一览unfit不合适的unfair不公平的unusual不寻常的 unfriendly不友好的unfortunate不幸的 unfortable不舒服的unimportant不重要的 uncertain不确定的单元话题健康生活子话题1疾病与残疾disease/illness/sickness n病；疾病stroke n中风 depression n抑郁症heart attack心脏病 dizziness n头晕disabled adj.残疾的 blind adj.瞎的infective adj. 有传染性的子话题2病因bacterium n细菌 virus n病毒unhealthy adj.不健康的 poisonous adj.有毒的；致命的break down(身体)垮掉 be infected with传染上子话题3药物与救护drug n. 药；药物 capsule n. (药)胶囊herb n草药 tablet n药片prescription n处方 ward n病房free medical service 公费医疗be under medical treatment 在治疗中relieve the pain 减轻痛苦operate on sb. 给某人动手术学考对接活学活用高考采撷(一)阅读中的词汇应用1(2014浙江高考阅读C)Research has shown that natural environments can restore (恢复) our mental capacities. In Japan, patients are encouraged to “forestbathe”， taking walks through woods to lower their blood pressure.These health benefits apply to the workplace as well. Rachel Kaplan, a professor of environmental psychology, has spent years researching the restorative _ (effect) of natural environments. Her research found that workers with access to nature at the office even simple views of trees and flowers felt their jobs were less _ (stress) and more satisfying.写出mental在句中的含义：精神的；“身心健康”表达为physical_and_mental_health用effect的适当形式填空：effects用stress的适当形式填空：stressful2(2011湖南高考阅读B)He was judged unfit to return to sea and took a shore job in Glasgow for the rest of the war. For as long as I can remember, he had a _ (weaken) heart. Mother said it was caused by the torpedoes. He said it was because of the cigarettes.Whichever, he died suddenly in his early 50s.选出加彩词在句中的含义：_B_A不健康的B不合适的用weaken的适当形式填空：weak，此处表示“心脏衰竭”高考采撷(二)写作中的词汇应用(根据汉语及提示词补全句子)1(2018天津高考书面表达)我们急切需要你的帮助，因此作为领队，我真诚地邀请你加入。(desperate)We are_desperately_in_need_of_your_help. So as the group leader, I sincerely invite you to join us. 2(2017全国卷书面表达)我想强调的是，你能从剪纸中获得许多乐趣。(stress)What_I_want_to_stress_is_that you can have a lot of fun.(二)课堂重点释疑1stress n重压；逼迫；压力；重音；强调重要性vt.加压力于；使紧张；重读；强调记牢(1)under stress在压力之下lay/put stress on sth. 强调某事物的重要性(2)stress the importance of 强调的重要性(3)stressful adj. 有压力的(指物)stressed adj. 有压力的(指人)练通单句语法填空When under stress, even a most gentle person can be badtempered and get angry easily.Cooperation or teamwork, the importance of which is_stressed (stress), plays an important part in football matches.It is also a virtue to forgive and forget, especially in such a petitive and stressful (stress) society.Nowadays more and more middle school students are getting stressed (stress) in their studies.一句多译他强调了接受良好教育的重要性。He_stressed_the_importance_of_a_good_education. (stress v)He_laid/put_stress_on_a_good_education. (stress n)写美翻译句子(2018天津高考书面表达)我想强调的是我们小组目前正在招纳新队员。What_I_want_to_stress_is_that_our_group_is_looking_for_new_members_right_now._2due adj.欠款的；预定的；到期的；应付的；应有的辨清写出下列句中due的含义The wages due to him will be paid tomorrow.欠款的She is due to make a speech on the economy next week.预定的The books must be returned before the due date or the kid cannot borrow other books.到期的When it es to giving due respect to the old people, she feels a bit uneasy.应有的记牢due to由于；因为；归因于be due to do sth. 预定做某事be due to sb. 应付给/给予某人be due for sth. 应用某物；应得到某物练通 单句语法填空A great deal of money is due_to you; please give me your bank account.It is said that the spaceship is due to_arrive (arrive) three days later.写美补全句子由于疏忽大意造成的错误可能带来严重的后果。 Mistakes due_to_carelessness may have serious consequences. 3addicted adj.入了迷的；上了瘾的记牢(1)be/get addicted to (doing) sth.沉溺于(做)某事(2)addict oneself to (doing) sth. 沉溺于(做)某事(3)addiction n. 上瘾；沉溺；嗜好addiction to 瘾(4)addictive adj. 使人上瘾的练通单句语法填空Many kids are addicted to surfing (surf) the Net, so they have lost interest in study. Many kids addict themselves to surfing the Net, so they have lost interest in study.I discovered an addiction (addict) to housework which I had never felt before.句型转换(把练习改成分词短语作状语)Addicted_to_surfing_the_Net,_many_kids_have_lost_interest_in_study.Addicting_themselves_to_surfing_the_Net,_many_kids_have_lost_interest_in_study.用准“addict; addicted; addiction”等在表示“沉迷于/热衷于”时，都和介词to连用。写美补全句子(2017全国卷书面表达)得知你沉迷于乒乓球，我写信真诚地邀请你加入我们学校的乒乓球队。Learning that you_are_addicted_to_table_tennis,_I am writing to sincerely invite you to join the table tennis team in our school.4accustomed adj.经常的；惯常的；习惯了的记牢(1)be/get/bee accustomed to (doing) sth.be/get/bee used to (doing) sth.习惯于(做)某事(2)accustom sb./oneself to (doing) sth.使某人/自己习惯于(做)某事练通同义替换I am used (accustomed) to getting up early and taking an hours walk before breakfast.单句语法填空Knowing that you are not accustomed to the life here and are considering returning to America, I feel very upset.Accustoming himself to living (live) in the countryside, Mr. King found it hard to live in the city.写美翻译句子他很快适应了大学里的浓厚的学术氛围(strong academic atmosphere)和丰富多彩的活动。He_quickly_got_accustomed/accustomed_himself_to_the_strong_academic_atmosphere_and_colorful_activities_in_the_college.5effect n结果；效力；影响记牢(1)side effect副作用e into/take effect 生效；见效have an effect on/upon 对产生影响bring/carry/put . into effect 实施；使生效/ 起作用(2)effective adj. 有效的；有影响的练通单句语法填空Reading books of traditional culture can have a good effect on/upon the children.It wont be easy to put the changes into effect, so we must spare no effort to do it.One of the most effective (effect) ways to reduce stress is to talk about feelings with someone you trust.补全句子The agreement signed between the two panies last week will_e_into/take_effect soon.两家公司在上周签订的这份协议将很快生效。写美补全句子(2018北京高考书面表达)我介绍了制茶的历史，这对帮助他们更好地理解我们的饮茶文化有很大的影响。I introduced the history of teamaking, which_has_a_great_effect_on_them_to_help better understand our teadrinking culture.6ashamed adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的记牢(1)be/feel ashamed of .对感到惭愧/羞耻be ashamed to do sth. 耻于做某事(2)shame n. 惭愧；羞耻；羞愧its a shame/pitywhat a shame/pity真可惜Its a shame/pity that . 真遗憾(3)shameful adj. 可耻的；不道德的练通单句语法填空The parents felt ashamed of their son when he was dismissed by the boss.It is shameful (shame) to break school rules, to be selfish or to make little effort to achieve progress.Its a shame that a good student should do something like that.一句多译在课堂上，学生们不应该耻于向老师问问题。In class, students should not be_ashamed_of_asking_the_teacher_questions.In class, students should not be_ashamed_to_ask_the_teacher_questions. 写美补全句子读了上面如此多的妈妈们的抱怨，我感到羞愧和内疚。Having read about the above mon plaint from so many mothers, I feel ashamed and guilty. 词汇过关综合训练 .单词拼写1Having abused (滥用) his position as mayor to give jobs to his friends, he is now under investigation.2The project is due (到期的) next month, and I am working seven days a week, often long into the night.3Typically, the preferred sleep cycle is delayed in adolescents(青少年), which leads to many students not feeling sleepy until much later in the evenings.4The virus (病毒) has infected the operating system of his puter.5With the debt problem worsening, it is going to be a tough (艰难的) test for EU to help the country out of trouble.6The woman tried desperately (拼命地)to push the man away when he tried to snatch the bag from her.7The shy girl felt awkward (局促不安的) and unfortable when she could not answer her teachers questions.8This is a hospital for those people who suffer mental (精神的) diseases.单句语法填空1Being_addicted (addict) to puter games can be harmful to you in many ways.2A regular and busy life is wonderful, although its hard and stressful (stress)3Its reported that passengers are banned from eating and drinking on subway trains.4Professor Smith is due to_give (give) us a lecture at eight tomorrow morning.5After living there for one year, they have been accustomed to working (work) there.6I was once ashamed to_admit (admit) my weakness, but now I have no such feeling.7Keeping a diary in English is one of the effective (effect) ways to improve our English.8I was disappointed to_see (see) what had happened.9Doing some exercise earlier in the day should make you feel physically as well as mentally (mental) tired.10Just quit plaining (plain). What matters now is how to get rid of such an embarrassing situation.根据提示补全句子1英语老师强调了学好英语的重要性。(stress)The English teacher stressed_the_importance_of_learning_English_well.2在这些地方禁止停车。(ban)People are_banned_from_parking in these places.3布莱克先生由于身体不佳而退出政治(生涯)。(due)Mr Black dropped out of politics due_to_poor_health.4他醉心于拉小提琴，没有注意到小偷进屋。(addicted)Addicted_to_playing_the_violin,_he didnt notice a thief walk into his house.5我习惯了早起进行晨练。(accustomed)I am_accustomed_to_getting_up_early_for exercise.语境辨义根据语境选出名词withdrawal的词义1You can make withdrawals of up to 250 a day._C_2He got withdrawal symptoms after giving up smoking._D_3They are in favour of the withdrawal of the UN troops from the country._A_4The withdrawal of government aid had a bad effect on the earthquakehit area._B_(一)课前自主学习1due_to 串记1由于；因为2addicted_to 对有瘾3accustomed_to 习惯于4decide_on 对作出决定5feel_like_(doing) 想要(做)6in_spite_of 不顾；不管；尽管7take_risks_(a_risk) 冒险8get_into串记2 陷入；染上(坏习惯)9at_risk 串记3 处境危险；遭受危险10out_of_breath 上气不接下气同根短语串记串记1.“因为；由于”短语荟萃due to由于；因为thanks to多亏；由于because of由于；因为 on account of由于owing to由于；因为 as a result of由于的结果串记2.get into 相关短语面面观get into debt 负债累累get into trouble 陷入困境get into shape 使身体好起来串记3.“at名词”构成的短语串烧at risk处境危险；遭受危险 at length最后at cost按成本 at present目前；现在at ease安逸；自在 at sea在海上；茫然1the flu virus_ 流感病毒2immune_system_ 免疫系统3chances of survival 生存几率4bee infected 受感染5in two weeks time 再过两个礼拜6do damage to 对造成伤害/损伤7feel_badtempered 感到烦躁8on_the Internet 在网上1As_you_know,_if you do the same thing over and over again, you begin to do it automatically. 正如你所知道的，如果你反反复复地做同一件事，你就会开始自动地做它。2When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit, I knew it_was_time_to quit smoking. 当我因为身体不健康而被学校足球队除名时，我知道该是戒烟的时候了。3I do_hope so because I want you to live as_long_and_healthy_a_life_as I have.我的确希望如此，因为我想让你能像我一样活得健康长寿。4. but eventually HIV will damage your immune system so_much_that your body can no longer fight disease.但是最终艾滋病病毒会使你的免疫系统严重受损，以致你的身体不能再抵抗疾病。 5Do not share anything else that a person has used while_injecting_drugs. 在注射药物时，不要使用别人用过的其他任何东西。学考对接活学活用高考采撷(一)阅读中的短语补全句子1(2015安徽高考完形填空)Our appetite for new products also contributes to the problem. We are_addicted_to_buying_new_things (对买新东西上瘾)2(2013天津高考完形填空)Dad is also a living example of real love. From dawn to dusk, he works countless hours to support our family. He always puts our happiness before his own, and never fails to cheer me on at my sports games in_spite_of_ (不管) his exhaustion after long days.用本单元短语升级句中加彩的词汇3(2009安徽高考阅读B)Because of the contribution of oxen in their lives, the Chinese people are very grateful to the animal. Due_to4(2009四川高考阅读B)At first we tried to push on through.We didnt want to move the children out of home, so we camped upstairs.feel_like_moving5(2013安徽高考阅读B)Using too much water or throwing rubbish into our rivers are clear ways that humans can put our water supply in danger, but we also affect our water supply in less obvious ways. at_risk高考采撷(二)写作中的句式(补全句子)1(2017北京高考书面表达)正如我们知道的，长江是亚洲最长河流，拥有许多景点。(as引导非限制性定语从句)As_we_know,_the Yangtze River is the longest river in Asia and has many attractions. 2(2017全国卷书面表达)我的确希望你能和我一起参观这个剪纸展览。(do动词原形)I_do_hope that you can visit the papercutting exhibition with me. 3(2015北京高考书面表达)他做的面人是如此漂亮，以至于我们迫不及待地想亲自试一试。(so .that .)The dough figurine he made was_so_beautiful_that_we couldnt wait to have a try ourselves.4(2013辽宁高考书面表达)人们可以一边吃月饼一边赏月，月饼是这个节日的特殊食品。(状语从句的省略)People can enjoy the full moon while_eating_mooncakes,_which are the special food for this festival. (二)课堂重点释疑短语集释1take risks (a risk)冒险记牢(1)at risk遭受危险；处境危险at the risk of . 冒着的危险run the risk (of doing sth.) 冒险(做某事)put .at risk 让处于危险之中(2)risk doing sth.冒险做某事；冒的危险练通单句语法填空He was determined to get there even at the risk of his life.The national parks are very important for the protection of these wild animals, which would otherwise run the risk of being extinct.He got wellprepared for the job interview, for he couldnt risk losing (lose) the good opportunity.补全句子We do not expect untrained people to take_risks/a_risk.我们不希望未经训练的人去冒险。写美翻译句子(2015江苏高考书面表达)交通问题不仅影响我们的日常生活，而且还使人们的生命处于危险之中。Not_only_does_the_traffic_issue_affect_our_daily_life,_but_it_also_puts_peoples_lives_at_risk.2get into陷入；染上(坏习惯)记牢get into the habit of养成的习惯get across (使)通过；(使)被理解；(把) 讲清楚get away 逃脱；离开get over 爬过；越过；克服(困难)；痊愈get through 熬过(困难时期)；通过；接通电话get along with 进展；相处get down to 开始做某事练通单句语法填空Im sorry to hear that you have got into the habit of smoking. A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers.Looking back on my past few years, friends gave me so much help that I could get over difficulties which I had to face with.After Christmas Im going to get down to some serious jobhunting.写美补全句子(2018全国卷书面表达)我已经养成了打篮球的习惯，因为它一直给我力量来面对生活中的挑战。I have_got_into_the_habit_of_playing_basketball since it has been giving me strength to face the challenges in my life. 句式集释教材原句I do_hope_so because I want you to live_as_long_and_healthy_a_life_as I have.1“do动词原形”的强调结构悟拓展例句(1)The baby is generally healthy, but every now and then she does_catch_a_cold.那孩子的健康状况尚好，但就是偶尔患感冒。(2)Im sorry. I shouldnt have been rude to you.You did_lose_your_temper but thats all right.很抱歉，我不该对你粗鲁的。你确实发脾气了，但没关系。析用法规则用法归纳“do/does/did动词原形”构成强调句，意为“确实；的确”，用来加强谓语动词的语气，但须符合以下两个条件：(1)句子是肯定句；(2)句子的时态为一般现在时或一般过去时。注意事项在“do/does/did动词原形”中，动词原形常常被误用成其他形式，需要特别注意。背写作佳句(1)I do cherish the educational opportunity and I always adopt the proverb to serve as a reminder.(要点句)(2)(2015北京高考书面表达)We did hope there would be more meaningful activities in the ing future.(总结句)2“asadj.a(n)单数可数名词as .”结构悟拓展例句(1)Our neighbour has as_big_a_garden_as ours.我们的邻居有一个和我们一样大的花园。(2)Youve made as_many_mistakes_as I have.你和我犯了一样多的错误。(3)I can carry_as_much_paper_as you can.我能和你搬动一样多的纸。(4)In many sports physical fitness is not as_important_as technique. 在许多体育运动中，体能没有技巧重要。析用法规则用法归纳(1)asadj.a(n)单数可数名词as . (2)as many复数名词as . (3)as much不可数名词as . (4)asadj./adv.as .注意事项否定句中“as .as .”结构中第一个as也可换成so。背写作佳句(1)(2018全国卷书面表达)Playing pingpong is as popular an activity as playing football in our campus. (要点句)(2)The newlybuilt school has as big a plastic track as yours.(要点句)词块、句式过关综合训练.选词填空decide on， get into， be addicted to， be accustomed to， feel like， in spite of， at risk， due to 1If you take the risk of drunk driving, you are at_risk.2In_spite_of great efforts, we failed to carry out our plans through.3I am_accustomed_to listening to some soft music before bed.4Tom feels_like being a cook because he thinks cooking delicious food for others is interesting and happy.5Generally speaking, boys are_addicted_to playing puter games while girls prefer chatting online.6Due_to the fast rhythm of modern life, more and more people are living under great stress.7How do you find Qingdao, Mary?Its a beautiful seaside city. I have decided_on it for my next holiday.8Mr. Bean constantly gets_into awkward and absurd situations, which greatly amuses audiences regardless of their nationalities and culture.根据提示补全句子1对不起，我的确忘了要告诉你会议的时间了。稍后我将把相关信息告诉你。(do动词原形)Sorry! I did_forget_to_tell you about the time of the meeting.Ill tell you the information mentioned later.2这个小伙子希望和他爷爷一样过俭朴的生活。asadj.a(n)n.asThe young man hopes to live as_simple_a_life_as his grandpa.3正如你们许多年龄足够大的人记得的那样，披头士乐队来自利物浦。(as引导的非限制性定语从句)The Beatles, as_many_of_you_are_old_enough_to_remember,_came from Liverpool.4是说再见的时候了，是回忆我们一起度过的那些美好时光的时候了。(its time to .)Its_time_to_say_goodbye. Its_time_to_recall those beautiful days we spent together. .概要写作阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Each day is a new chapter in your life, no matter where you start or how you begin. You are writing your lifes story. It has all the possibilities you can imagine or you havent thought of yet. We are so eager to reach these possibilities that we sometimes forget to love today.Loving today just as it is isnt easy. Many of us are not where we want to be. We are not seeing things e as quickly as we wish. We are in a hurry to get somewhere in our future. We have to first learn to love today just as it is. We also need to learn to stop plaining about where we are right now. We need to change the way we see today, and look for all of the great things that exist in the present.Even if the circumstances are not ideal or our present place is far away from where we want to be, we must have gratitude for where we are right now and find
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