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阅读理解题型突破(二)推理判断题 (A卷)(加彩的题目为推理判断题，本卷限时22分钟)A(2018金丽衢十二校联考)Harry Potter lovers around the world may want to thank Alice Newton.She was eight years old when her father brought home a manuscript for her to read.At the time, he was working for Bloomsbury Publishing. After reading the manuscript, Alice wrote a note to her father: “The excitement in this book made me feel warm inside，” she wrote.“I think it is probably one of the best books an 8 or 9yearold could read.”Based on part of Alices ments, Bloomsbury went on to publish Harry Potter and the Philosophers Stone.Alices note to her father is part of the British Librarys new exhibition, “Harry Potter: A History of Magic.” It celebrates the 20th anniversary of the publication of JK.Rowlings first book about Harry and his friends at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry.When Harry Potter and the Philosophers Stone was released in 1997, Bloomsbury sent just 500 copies to stores in Britain and another 500 copies to British libraries.Now, Harry and his friends are known worldwide.The exhibit at the British Library in February includes Rowlings outline for her books, her artwork of its characters and a map of the Hogwarts School.It also includes early versions of Rowlings books that were rejected by other publishers.The show has two rooms.They are divided up based on the subjects offered at Hogwarts.Areas include Potions, Herbology, Care of Magical Creatures and Defense Against the Dark Arts.Each area describes the stories and beliefs that Rowling included in her books.Included in the exhibition are discussions of alchemy, the European traditions that led to modern chemistry, and the Ripley Scroll a sixmeterlong document from the 1500s.It describes how to make a Philosophers Stone.The British Library has already sold about 30,000 tickets to the exhibit the most advance tickets ever sold for a British Library exhibition.The show closes on February 28.It will then travel to New York for the 20th anniversary of the release of Harry Potter and the Sorcerers Stone, the books title in the United States.语篇解读：多亏了Alice写给她父亲的便条，罗琳的书才能得以出版，现在这张便条也在大英图书馆最新展览“哈利波特的非凡历史”中展出，一起展出的还有其他哈利波特迷们关注的东西，本次展出大受哈利波特迷们的欢迎。1Why does the writer mention Alice Newton at the beginning of the text?ATo prove the popularity of the following paragraphs.BTo introduce the topic of the following paragraphs.CTo remind readers to love books as Alice Newton does.DTo encourage readers to read Harry Potter series more often.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第四段内容尤其是第一句“Alices note to her father is part of the British Librarys new exhibition，Harry Potter: A History of Magic.”可知，Alice写给他父亲的条子也在这次展览之列，所以作者用这个故事来引入本文的主题就是来介绍这次展览，故答案选B。2Which is NOT included in the British Librarys new exhibition, “Harry Potter: A History of Magic.”？ARowlings outline for her books.BA map of the Hogwarts School.CRowlings early published books.DThe very note to her father by Alice.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第七段中“It also includes early versions of Rowlings books that were rejected by other publishers.”可知，答案选C。3Which of the following statements is TRUE?AThanks to Alice and her father, Harry Potter series gained popularity.BAs soon as the first Harry Potter was available, it became the best seller.CThe exhibition of Harry Potter: A History of Magic will last two months in Britain.DThe exhibition will include discussions about modern chemistry.解析：选A推理判断题。根据第一至六段内容可知，多亏了Alice和她父亲，Rowling的作品才得以出版，最后获得了成功。故答案选A。B(2018湖衢丽三地市上学期教学质量检测)One day my two sons and I got into my old car to drive to the local post office.I backed out of my drive slowly like I normally do and then pulled to a stop at the side road that leads to the main highway.When it was clear I pulled out and stepped on the gas.As I stepped on the clutch (离合器) and tried to shift into second, though, I immediately knew that something was wrong.The normally solid gear shift (档位杆) now felt like a spoon in a bowl of soup.I tried quickly to get it to lock into any of the gears but did not succeed.Thankfully, the steering wheel (方向盘) was still working fine and I allowed the car to go to the end of the side road where I was able to pull safely into a wide spot and turn the engine off.It was only later in the day that I finally realized how blessed I had been.I could have been on the main road when that stick shift failed.I could have been in the middle of a curve with no place to turn off the road.I could have had a car too close behind me that wouldnt have been able to stop in time.A hundred things could have made this incident dangerous or deadly.Yet, the gear shift broke at just the right moment to keep me and my boys safe.Far too often we only see the bad things in life.We get angry when things dont go our way, and we fail to see the thousands of times that they do.Yes, my car broke down.Still, my sons and I are safe.We are loved.And we have been given more time here in this world to share our own love and light.语篇解读：有一天，作者开车带两个儿子去邮局，突然车子在挂挡的时候出现了问题，幸好当时还没上主路，有足够的空间可以让车慢慢停下来，由此作者感叹，有时我们只看到事情糟糕的那面，但其实，我们应该感恩，事情没有朝最坏的方向发展。4What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 1 refer to?AThe clutch.BThe gear shift.CThe spoon. DThe car.解析：选B代词指代题。根据第一段“The normally solid gear shift (档位杆) now felt like a spoon in a bowl of soup.I tried quickly to get it to lock into any of the gears but did not succeed.”可知，作者在开车的时候发现档位出了问题，她想把档位挂进任何一档都没成功，此处的it指的就是档位杆。故答案选B。5How did the writer stop the car at last?ABy turning the engine off quickly.BBy turning to a local garage for help.CBy removing the steering wheel away.DBy letting it slow down to stop naturally.解析：选D推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“Thankfully, the steering wheel (方向盘). spot and turn the engine off.”可知，幸好方向盘还能操作良好，所以作者就让车自行慢慢地行驶到支路安全宽阔地带停下来，然后关闭发动机。故答案选D。6The drivers thoughts in Paragraph 2 imply that _.Athey were lucky enough to be safeBthe car needed to be repaired wellCthe driver was good at driving a broken carDit was important to find a suitable place to park解析：选A推理判断题。作者在第二段用了多个虚拟语气句子来表达他们的幸运，要是碰上其中任何一个不好的情况，都有可能发生车祸。故答案选A。7By writing the story, the writer expected us to _.Abe careful in our drivingBignore the bad things in our lifeCshare our love with others in timeDfind a bless even from a bad situation解析：选D推理判断题。根据文章的最后一段，作者用自己的例子告诉大家，很多时候我们只看到事情糟糕的一面，但其实有些时候，我们没有注意到，事情可能会变得更糟。因此我们要感恩，事情并没有朝最坏的方向发展。故答案选D。C(2018湖衢丽三地市上学期教学质量检测)Are you a crazy selfietaker (自拍客)? You are at risk of developing “selfie elbow (肘)” which is slowly being a real medical condition.Like tennis elbow or golf elbow, an addiction to selfietaking can cause a pain in your elbow, according to a report.In a recent case, Hoda Kotb, an awardwinning journalist and show host of NBCs Today, went to a doctor, plaining of pain in her elbow.“I went to the doctor and he said, are you playing tennis or ping pong？ I told him I was taking selfies.” Kotb said. “When you take the picture, your arm is up, bent in a strange way and you just click, click, click think about how many you take: 20, 30, or 40.Selfie elbow, everyone has it，” added Kotb.Her doctor remended icing her elbow and certain exercises to help relieve the soreness.“Basically, the connection between technology and human body sometimes causes injuries，” Jordan Metzl, a sports medicine physician, said in a newspaper.“You get selfie elbow from taking too many selfies, as you put too much stress on the muscle and it hurts the area where the muscle es off the bone and you get this inflammatory (发炎的) response，” Metzl added.The condition can be treated by taking pain relievers like Advil or Motrin for the inflammation and putting on some ice as well as extending the muscles.“For those who are dedicated selfietakers, using a selfie stick can work like an arm extender and take the pressure off the elbow，” suggested Charles Kim, a specialist at NYU Langone Medical Center in the US.语篇解读：随着越来越多的人喜欢自拍，自拍肘成为一种新的疾病。本文解释了为什么会出现自拍肘，以及在自拍的时候怎样做才能避免自拍肘。8The first paragraph implies that selfie elbow is _.Aa severe diseaseBa rare phenomenonCa tough medical problemDa matter of life and death解析：选C推理判断题。根据第一段中的内容可知，随着自拍客越来越多，自拍肘慢慢地成为一种医疗症状，它会带来肘部的疼痛。虽然不严重，但却很难受。故答案选C。9An addicted selfietaker has a selfie elbow because he/she _ when taking selfies.Abreaks the elbow boneBgives too much pressure to the armCdoesnt care about his/her elbowDstands still for too long解析：选B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“You get selfie elbow from taking too many selfies . the bone and you get this inflammatory (发炎的) response”可知，得自拍肘的原因主要是你给肌肉太多的压力，伤害到了关节和肌肉相连的部位。故答案选B。10According to Charles Kim, we can reduce selfie elbow by _.Ausing a selfie stickBputting some ice on itCextending the body muscleDtaking some sleeping pills解析：选A细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知，Charles Kim直接给出建议，自拍用自拍杆可以避免自拍肘的出现。故答案选A。阅读理解题型突破(二)推理判断题 (B卷)(加彩的题目为推理判断题，本卷限时22分钟)AWhen she was a little girl, Margarita Engle spent her summers in Cuba, where she says she fell in love with nature.Engle, 66, was born to a Cuban mother and an American father. Her annual visits to the Caribbean island from her home in California shaped her life and inspired her to bee a poet and writer. The Poetry Foundation recently named her as Young Peoples Poet Laureate, a role Engle plans to use to encourage children and teenagers to write down their feelings.Magic happens when you put your emotions (情感) in writing, she said.Engle says she has always liked poetry. At age 6, she wrote her first poem about nature. After looking around while taking a walk one day in California, she wrote a rhymed poem about the shapes of hills. As a teen, she wrote sonnets (十四行诗) about nature and stories about people in Cuba.Some of her books explore the island, its people, markets and landmarks. Her new picture book, “All the Way to Havana，” features American cars from the 1940s and 1950s. “Forest World”， a new novel, introduces Edver to readers, an 11yearold who lives in Miami, Florida, with his mother and is shipped off to Cuba to see his birthplace and meet his Cuban family. When he arrives in Havana, the capital, he learns he has an older sister, Luza, who stayed on the island with her father and grandfather. The two go on an adventure into a Cuban forest.“The emotions of the characters are similar to what many children feel when they are separated from loved ones，” Engle said. She hopes that people facing similar challenges can find support and fort in poetry.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Engle童年时每年往返于古巴和美国，这让她亲近自然，并激发了她的创作热情，最终成为一位知名的诗人兼作家。1We can learn from the text that young Engle probably _.Aenjoyed indoor gamesBfound inspiration in natureCliked exploring cities in FloridaDmade friends with Cuban people解析：选B推理判断题。根据第一段内容和第四段中的“At age 6, she wrote her first poem about nature . she wrote sonnets (十四行诗) about nature”可知，儿时的Engle爱上了大自然，还写了关于大自然的诗，因此她从自然中获得了创作灵感，故选B。2What is TRUE about “Forest World”？AIt is a new picture book.BIt is based on a reallife event.CIt talks about an adventure story.DIt describes family ties between countries.解析：选D推理判断题。根据第五段提到的小说“Forest World”的内容可知，该书描写的是Edver离开美国佛罗里达州前往古巴哈瓦那探亲的故事，揭示的是分隔在两个国家的家庭亲情，故选D。3What does Engle stress in the last paragraph?AThe frequent changes of emotions.BThe challenges in writing poems.CThe separations from family members.DThe links between life and literature.解析：选D推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，Engle认为无论是在作品中还是在现实中，孩子离别亲人时心底迸发的情感有相似之处，她希望面临这种处境的人能从诗歌中寻觅到支持和慰藉。故Engle在此强调生活与文学作品的联系。B(2018金华十校模拟)Are you planning to go to university？What do you think your responsibilities will be in the first few weeks？If you go to university in Chile, there will be something extra you must do before you can begin.An important part of starting university in Chile is the mechoneo.The mechoneo is an ancient university tradition.Students beginning their first year at university are “weled” by the older university students.They are taken to a place like a swimming pool filled with horrible things such as old fruit, vegetables, meat and fish.They have to do games and challenges for a whole day, which may include some really revolting things like kissing a dead fish!The “queen mechona” and “king mechona” are chosen that day.This will be based on how well the students do the activities, and many students try hard to be the king or queen for the year.The older students then take away the younger students things (their backpacks, money, phones, etc.) and tell them they must go out onto the street and ask people for money.They will need to bring back a certain amount of money (e.g.around 20 dollars per person) in order to be given their things back.This money is then used to have a wele party in the night time.During the month of March it is mon to see new university students all around the town wearing dirty clothes and covered in paint and mess.But the mechoneo is increasingly a source of debate.Some students see it as an important tradition and a unique experience that can help new arrivals get to know everyone while others find it shameful.There have been campaigns to ban or soften it and student organizations in some universities have voted to end the mechoneo pletely.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了智利大学里的一个传统mechoneo。4Why does the author ask two questions at the beginning of the text?ATo clarify responsibilities.BTo present an argument.CTo introduce the topic.DTo show some doubts.解析：选C推理判断题。根据第一段的“If you go to university in Chile, there will be something extra you must do before you can begin.”以及下文的内容可知，文章开头提出两个问题是为了引出新生周这个话题。5What does the underlined word “revolting” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?AUnpleasant.BMeaningful.CExciting. DDangerous.解析：选A词义猜测题。根据第二段内容尤其画线词后的“like kissing a dead fish”可知，老生会让新生做一些令人作呕的事情，与A项意思最为接近。6Whats the older students special way of weling new arrivals in Chile?AHold a big party for them.BAsk them for money.CMake a fool of them.DDebate with them.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段和第四段的内容可知，在新生周，新生常会被老生以各种方式捉弄。7What can be concluded from the last paragraph?AThe mechoneo is a good tradition worth spreading.BAs a matter of fact, not everyone likes the mechoneo.CNew students get to know each other by the mechoneo.DIt is natural for the mechoneo to be banned in colleges.解析：选B推理判断题。根据最后一段的“But the mechoneo is increasingly a source of debate. Some .while others find it shameful.”可知，对于新生周这个校园传统并非每个人都赞同。C(2018稽阳联考)Recently, a word foxi or “Buddhist” is sweeping the Internet, which encourages young people to remain calm and peaceful and avoid conflict as much as possible in other words, to live like a Buddha.The phrase was reportedly created in Japan in 2014 to describe young men who no longer bother to start relationships with women or follow someone elses life path.They prefer to stay in their own peaceful world without being disturbed and care little about passion and success.Now, Chinese Internet users are pairing the phrase with other words to describe a similar mindset.For example, “Buddhist students” are those who study just the right amount they dont cut class, but they dont burn the midnight oil, either.There are also “Buddhist parents”， who interfere little with their childrens lives and let them develop however they like the opposite of “helicopter parents”In this fastchanging and petitive world, its only natural that people are seeking a spiritual anchor.However, some would pare foxi with “demotivational culture” a phrase that describes young people who feel aimless and powerless.They say that foxi actually reflects the reality that young people are losing their will to fight.They are pretending to keep a healthy and wise attitude toward failure simply because theyre incapable of succeeding.But no matter what, there is one thing that “Buddhist youngsters” should keep in mind.You want to keep a calm mindset regarding failure, but you should also be passionate and positive about school, work and life.语篇解读：最近，佛系文化走红，它鼓励年轻人心态平和，尽量避免冲突，但同时也应该对课业、工作与生活充满热情，积极面对。8Which group was the word “Buddhist” originally created to describe in Japan?AThose young men who feel aimless and powerless.BThose young men who are incapable of succeeding.CThose young men who care little about passion and success.DThose young men who are pletely cut off from the outside.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，佛系在日本最初是用来描述那些更喜欢待在自己平静的小世界里而不被打扰，对激情和成功也没多大兴趣的年轻人。故答案选C。9What can we infer from Paragraph 3?ABuddhist parents dont care for their children at all.BBuddhist students are always staying up late to study.C“Buddhist” refers to those who prefer to follow someone elses path.DHelicopter parents involve themselves too much in their childrens life.解析：选D推理判断题。根据第三段“There are also Buddhist parents， who interfere little with their childrens lives and let them develop however they like the opposite of helicopter parents”可知，佛系家长不会过多干涉孩子的生活，让他们自由发展，而直升机父母正好相反。故答案选D。10Which of the following statements might the author most likely agree with?AYoung people are encouraged to live like a Buddha.BOne should stay calm and be optimistic in the face of failure.CYoung people today are actually losing their will to fight.DTo study just the right amount is a wise choice for a student.解析：选B细节理解题。根据最后一段作者建议有一件事“佛系青年”应当铭记在心：面对失败要保持冷静，但同时也应该对学业、工作与生活充满热情，积极面对。故答案选B。阅读理解题型突破(二)推理判断题 (C卷)(加彩的题目为推理判断题，本卷限时22分钟)A(2018嘉兴4月模拟)When I was a kid in the 1960s, my parents had a country store in the small town of Frankfort, Maine.No neighboring houses could be seen from our place, and new salesmen were always amazed at the amount of business we did.Dads motto was, “We sell everything.” If he didnt have something in store, he would pick it up for customers on his weekly trip to Bangor.One time Dad was in Bangor getting shoes for someone at a shoe factory, he saw big boxes full of shoes and asked about them.They were the mates (一双鞋中的一只) to faulty shoes that had been thrown away.He looked through the boxes and realized that there were usable brandnew shoes in them.He offered the manager five cents a shoe. Dad made the deal and got the manager to reserve any future boxes for him.Of course Mom, his business partner, was more practical, and her first reaction was, “But what are you going to do with them？” Dad bought an old school bus.He cleaned it up, removed the seats and placed big containers down both sites of the aisle (通道)When all was ready, the whole family helped to put the shoes in place.At first, it looked like we had plenty of room on the bus, but Dad kept bringing home more boxes.There was no sign on the Shoe Bus.The only advertising Dad did was to place a piece of paper beside the store exit that read “Shoes $1 a pair.” When folks asked about the deal, they learned it wasnt that easy because they had to find their own pairs.The attraction was a bination of getting a good deal on a quality pair of shoes and the thrill of the hunt.To this day I still run into people who talk about the fun they had searching for pairs in Dads Shoe Bus.语篇解读：作者的父亲在一次为顾客去鞋厂采购鞋子时发现，鞋厂里有成箱的落单鞋子要处理，父亲灵机一动，用极低的价格买下，并办了鞋子巴士供顾客挑选采购，变废为宝。1The authors parents ran their store well because _.Athey always had enough supplies in storeBthey won the great support of new salesmenCthey opened it in a very crowded neighborhoodDthey did all they could to meet their customers need解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段“Dads motto was, We sell everything. If he didnt have something in store, he would pick it up for customers on his weekly trip to Bangor.”可知，父亲的商业信条是“你要什么，我会尽量去帮你去大地方采购过来，即满足顾客的需要”。故答案选D。2Why did the customers think it fun shopping in the Shoe Bus?AThere were free bus rides offered to them.BThey could receive better customer service.CThey
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