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Unit 1 Living well .阅读理解(2018全国)Weve all been there:in a lift,in line at the bank or on an airplane,surrounded by people who are,like us,deeply focused on their smartphones or,worse,struggling with the unfortable silence.Whats the problem?Its possible that we all have promised conversational intelligence.Its more likely that none of us start a conversation because its awkward and challenging,or we think its annoying and unnecessary.But the next time you find yourself among strangers,consider that small talk is worth the trouble.Experts say its an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits.Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy,but we cant forget that deep relationships wouldnt even exist if it werent for casual conversation.Small talk is the grease(润滑剂) for social munication,says Bernardo Carducci,director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast. “Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk,”he explains. “The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others,not just municate with them.”In a 2014 study,Elizabeth Dunn,associate professor of psychology at UBC,invited people on their way into a coffee shop.One group was asked to seek out an interaction(互动) with its waiter;the other,to speak only when necessary.The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience. “Its not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband,”says Dunn.“ But interactions with peripheral(边缘的) members of our social network matter for our well-being also.”Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging,a bond with others.Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk.“ Small talk is the basis of good manners,”he says.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。作者通过建议陌生人之间进行交流引出本文的话题闲谈,并介绍了闲谈的益处,指出“闲谈是礼貌的基础”。1.What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph?A.Addiction to smartphones.B.Inappropriate behaviours in public places.C.Absence of munication between strangers.D.Impatience with slow service.答案C解析推理判断题。第一段描述:我们在电梯里,或在银行、机场排队时,周围满是盯着手机屏幕的人,甚至是与让人不舒服的沉默作斗争的人。故可知,第一段描述的是陌生人之间缺少交流的一种现象。故选C项。2.What is important for successful small talk according to Carducci?A.Showing good manners.B.Relating to other people.C.Focusing on a topic.D.Making business deals.答案B解析细节理解题。根据文章第三段的最后一句可知,成功的闲谈的关键是学习如何与他人取得联系,而不仅仅是交流,故选B项。3.What does the coffee-shop study suggest about small talk?A.It improves family relationships.B.It raises peoples confidence.C.It matters as much as a formal talk.D.It makes people feel good.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第四段第三句中的“significantly higher positive feelings”可知,在咖啡店,与服务员进行简短的交流,会让你有很显著的愉快的情绪和更好的咖啡馆体验,也就是说,你的心情会很好,故选D项。4.What is the best title for the text?A.Conversation CountsB.Ways of Making Small TalkC.Benefits of Small TalkD.Unfortable Silence答案C解析主旨大意题。纵观全文可知,文章以陌生人之间几乎无交流的现象引出本文主题闲谈,紧接着通过实例介绍了闲谈的好处,故C项最适合作本文标题。.七选五Everyone wants to bee a better person,but many of us dont know what to do.1.But I think everyone deserves respect and can bee a better person.If you really want it,you can change yourself and your habits by taking a few steps described below.Pursue your passion.Its important to find yourself and pursue your passion.Learn to listen to your inner self,even when someone is trying to bring you down.Some people try to bring you down because theyre too weak and cowardly to pursue their passions and they dont think you should pursue yours.Dont listen to them.Spend time with yourself and think about the thing that brings you joy.2.3.Another important thing to do to be a better person is to learn how to keep your dignity.Keep in mind that only youre responsible for your choices and decision in life and never get down on yourself when you do something wrong.Dont let anyone or anything bring you down and remind yourself that your life is unique,special and really worthwhile.Share your time,energy and talents.4.You might not get aware of them,but you have them.Sharing your time,energy and talents can help bee a better person,so learn to share more of your precious time with others and help people in need and you will feel much better about yourself.Learn something new.You should never stop learning something new.That you are in your 30s or 40s,or even 60s,doesnt mean you cant learn a new language or other interesting things.Knowledge is always great.5.When you are a well-educated person,everyone respects you and your knowledge.A.Generally speaking,a better person must be a talented person.B.The more you learn about the new things,the better you will feel about yourself.C.Life is so tough that we often make mistakes we dont want to do.D.Every person has talents,including you.E.Learn to keep your dignity.F.Be responsible for your choices and decision.G.Youll soon discover your passion and start pursuing it.答案与解析【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何让自己成为一个更好的人提出了一些建议。1.C上文提到,人人都想成为一个更好的人,但很多人又不知该如何去做。而空格后讲人人都应该得到尊重而且可以成为一个更好的人。根据“But”可知,空格处与下文构成转折,故C项“生活如此艰难以至于我们经常犯我们不想犯的错误”既承接上文话题,又与下文构成转折关系,符合语境。2.G根据该段主题句和内容可知,该段主要讲述发现自我和追逐激情是非常重要的。因此不要被别人的言行所诱惑,花点时间考虑一下带给你快乐的那些事。G项“你很快就会发现你的热情并开始追寻它”承接上文中的“passion”,并照应该段主题,符合语境。3.E根据文章结构可知,空格处是该段的主题句。根据下文中的“to learn how to keep your dignity”可知,该段主要讲述要学会保持你的尊严,这也是成为一个更好的人需要做的另一件重要的事情。E项概括了这一主题,适合做该段主题句。4.D主题句讲,要分享你的时间、精力和天赋。联系下文可知,你也许并不清楚自己的天赋,但你一定具备。由此可知,D项“包括你在内,人人都有自己的天赋”与下文话题联系密切,符合语境。5.B根据该段主题句和内容可知,该段主要讲述人要一直学习新的东西。故B项“当你学得越多,你就会感觉越好”照应该段主题句承接上文话题“Knowledge is always great.”,符合语境。.完形填空Last night it was still light out when I returned home from work.My new neighbor and his son were in their favorite place,outside in the 1,playing ball.The young boy always 2 to me how many “home runs”(全垒打) he hits and I always clap and 3 for him.The guys are very special.4 you see one of them,the other is not far away.The dad is always 5 the child in conversation,focusing on the 6.not talking on a cell phone or walking ahead of the boy so that he has to run to 7 him.This guy is the real deal.It 8 my heart to see a father and son enjoying each others pany like they do.As they were returning to their upstairs 9,I asked the dad if his son had a bike.He said no.I 10 no time driving to the store and I was beside myself with 11 as I picked out a bike with all the jazzy stuff kids like.I loaded the bike and helmet into my 12 and off I went.At home,I 13 the bike and gear(用具) and carried it 14 to their apartment and left it outside the door.Not 5 minutes later they were at my door,with the boy 15 up and down with excitement,the dad modest and 16.I told the dad that I need to get rid of a mans mountain bike that I was 17 for a friend and he was 18 obliged(感激) by taking it off my hands.Now the two of them have another 19 they can do together.I told the dad how proud I was of him for 20 quality time with his son.Its something the boy will remember throughout his life.For me,its one of lifes pleasures to see them together.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。“我”看到邻居的父亲与孩子在一起玩耍,“我”认识到这位父亲是多么珍惜与孩子在一起的时光,于是“我”给这个孩子买了一辆自行车,让他们又多了一项活动。1.A.fieldB.yardC.roomD.street答案B解析结合前文中的“.when I returned home from work.My new neighbor.”以及后文的那个男孩向“我”汇报他们的战绩可知,他们是在自己家的院子里玩耍。故选B项。2.A.introducesB.repliesC.criesD.reports答案D解析从空后的“how many home runs he hits”可知,那个男孩向“我”汇报他投了多少个全垒打。故选D项。3.A.cheerB.regretC.adviseD.wave答案A解析联系空前的“I always clap”可知,听到他汇报的战绩,“我”总是鼓掌,为他欢呼。故选A项。4.A.UnlessB.In caseC.WhereD.Since答案C解析从空后的“the other is not far away”可知,空格所在句指看到父子中的一个在哪里,另一个就离那个地方不远。故选C项。5.A.forbiddingB.engagingC.consultingD.forcing答案B解析此处是指这位父亲总是让孩子参与谈话,注意力都在孩子身上。engage sb.in sth.意为“(使)从事,参加”。故选B项。6.A.dutyB.thoughtC.childD.plan答案C解析联系空后的“not talking on a cell phone or walking ahead of the boy”可知,父亲的心思用在孩子身上。故选C项。7.A.keep up withB.get away withC.get along withD.run out of答案A解析从空前的“walking ahead of the boy”可知,父亲走在孩子的前面,孩子不得不跑着去赶上他。故选A项。get away with “逃脱”;get along with “与相处;进展”;run out of “用完”。8.A.takesB.hurtsC.reachesD.warms答案D解析结合空后的“to see a father and son enjoying each others pany like they do”可知,看到父子这样的情景,“我”心里很温暖。故选D项。9.A.platformB.apartmentC.floorD.shop答案B解析联系下文14空所在句中的“carried it to their apartment”可知,他们的家住在公寓里。故选B项。10.A.spentB.lostC.wastedD.found答案C解析从空后的“no time driving to the store”可知,“我”争分夺秒地赶着去商店。故选C项。11.A.excitementB.horrorC.anxietyD.amusement答案A解析联系空后的“as I picked out a bike with all the jazzy stuff kids like”可知,挑选出孩子喜欢的自行车,“我”很兴奋。故选A项。12.A.roomB.officeC.bedD.car答案D解析结合空前的“I loaded the bike and helmet”以及空后的off I went可知,“我”开车走了。故选D项。13.A.repairedB.unloadedC.changedD.hid答案B解析从前文的“I loaded the bike and helmet”可知,现在“我”把自行车和头盔从车上搬下来。故选B项。14.A.downtownB.upsideC.upstairsD.outwards答案C解析结合前文他们家住在公寓楼上以及空后的“to their apartment”可知,“我”将自行车和头盔搬到楼上去。故选C项。15.A.dancingB.wanderingC.climbingD.looking答案A解析联系空前的“Not 5 minutes later they were at my door”可知,孩子在“我”的门口兴奋地蹦蹦跳跳。故选A项。16.A.surprisedB.ashamedC.regretfulD.appreciative答案D解析因为“我”给那个男孩买了辆他喜欢的自行车,所以他的父亲是感激的。故选D项。17.A.buyingB.storingC.makingD.donating答案B解析从空前的“I need to get rid of a mans mountain bike”可知,“我”告诉这位父亲“我”为一个朋友保存了一辆山地自行车,需要将其处理掉。故选B项。18.A.unwillinglyB.slowlyC.happilyD.hurriedly答案C解析联系空后的“obliged(感激) by taking it off my hands”可知,这位父亲很乐意要那辆自行车。故选C项。19.A.activityB.contributionC.dutyD.occupation答案A解析从空前的“Now the two of them have another”可知,有一辆自行车后,他们俩可以一起做另一项活动了。故选A项。20.A.addingB.suggestingC.demandingD.valuing答案D解析结合前文中提到的父亲与孩子在一起活动可知,父亲珍惜与孩子在一起的时间。故选D项。
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