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专题01 Festivals around the world【高频单词】1beauty (n.) 美；美人beautiful (adj.) 美丽的；漂亮的beautify (vt.) 美化；使更美丽2celebration (n.) 庆祝；祝贺celebrate (vt.&vi.) 庆祝；祝贺3starve (vi. & vt.) (使)饿死；饿得要死starvation (n.) 饿死；挨饿4origin (n.) 起源；由来；起因original (adj.) 原来的；独创的originate(v.) 起源于；产生5religious (adj.) 宗教上的；信奉宗教的；虔诚的religion (n.) 宗教信仰6belief (n.) 信任；信心；信仰believe (vt.) 相信7arrival (n.) 到来；到达；到达者arrive (vt.) 到达；赶到8gain (vt.) 获得；得到 (n.) 利润；获益9independence(n.) 独立；自主independent (adj.) 独立的；自主的10gather (vt. & vi.) 搜集；集合；聚集gathering (n.) 聚集；聚会；集会11agriculture (n.) 农业；农艺；农学agricultural (adj.) 农业的；农艺的12award (n.) 奖；奖品 (vt.) 授予；判定13admire (vt.) 赞美；钦佩；羡慕admiration (n.) 钦佩；羡慕14energetic (adj.) 充满活力的；精力充沛的；积极的energy (n.) 精力；能量15custom (n.) 习惯；风俗customer (n.) 顾客customs (n.) 海关16fool (n.) 愚人；白痴；受骗者foolish (adj.) 愚蠢的；傻的17permission (n.) 许可；允许permit (vt.) 允许18sadness (n.) 悲伤；悲哀sad (adj.) 悲哀的；难过的19obvious (adj.) 明显的；显而易见的20remind (vt.) 提醒；使想起reminder (n.) 引起回忆的事物21apologize (vi.) 道歉；辩白apology (n.) 道歉22forgive (vt.) 原谅；饶恕forgiveness (n.) 宽恕；原谅【重点短语】1take_place 发生2in_memory_of 纪念；追念 3dress_up 穿上盛装；打扮；装饰4look_forward_to 期望；期待；盼望5day_and_night 日夜；昼夜；整天 6hold_ones_breath 屏息；屏气7set_off 出发；动身；使爆炸8turn_up 出现；到场 9keep_ones_word 守信用；履行诺言10remind.of. 使想起11play_a_trick_on 搞恶作剧；诈骗；开玩笑12as_though/if 好像13have_fun_with 和玩得开心14do_harm_to 对有害 【热点句型】1“be形容词to do.”结构At that time people would starve if food was_difficult_to_find (难以找到)，especially during the cold winter months. (教材P1)2either. or.“或者或者”Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return either_to_help_or_do_harm (提供帮助或带来危害). (教材P2)3“with宾语介词短语”结构On this important feast day, people eat food in the shape of skulls and cakes with_“bones”_on_them (上面有“骨头”). (教材P2)4when引导的非限制性定语从句China and Japan have midAutumn festivals, when_people_admire_the_moon_ (这时人们会赏月) and in China, enjoy mooncakes. (教材P2)5it作形式主语的主语从句It_was_obvious_that (很明显) the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave. (教材P7)6while引导的时间状语从句While_she_was_on_earth (她在人间时) she met the herd boy Niulang and they fell in love. (教材P7)高频考点一 单词例1、awardn奖；奖品vt.授予；判定Some people might win awards for their farm produce, like the biggest watermelon or the most handsome rooster.(P2)有些人还可能因为他们的农产品(参加各种评选)而获奖，比如最大的西瓜或最帅的公鸡。【归纳拓展】award sth. to sb. award sb. sth. 把某物颁发给某人win/receive/get an award for 因而赢得/得到/获得奖项【语境助记】2016天津高考Points were_awarded for parttime jobs, housework, effort in school, and ability to deal with problems.兼职、家务、在校的努力以及处理问题的能力都会加分。The Chinese player named Gong Jinjie was_awarded_the_prize_for doing well in the game.中国选手宫金杰因为在比赛中的良好表现而获奖。It is said that he had won_the_best_actor_award.据说他获得了最佳男演员奖。例2、admirevt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕China and Japan have midautumn festivals, when people admire the moon and in China, enjoy mooncakes.(P2)中国和日本都有中秋节，这时人们会赏月。在中国，人们还品尝月饼。【归纳拓展】(1)admire sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事而钦佩某人(2)admiration n赞美；钦佩 express/have admiration for sb./sth. (表达)羡慕/钦佩某人/物 with admiration 钦佩地(3)admirable adj. 令人钦佩的；极佳的admiring adj. 钦佩的；赞美的【语境助记】2016全国卷I was right to have admired him.一直以来我对他钦佩不已是对的。Many people around the world admire China for its great contributions to the world peace.世界各地的许多人钦佩中国对世界和平所做的巨大贡献。With_admiration I went to interview the girls from Beijing.带着敬佩的心情我去采访这群来自北京的女孩们。She was used to receiving admiring looks/glances from others.她习惯了别人给予赞赏的目光。例3、apologizevi.道歉；辩白Well, he was not going to hold his breath for her to apologize.(P7)算了，他不想屏息等她来道歉。【归纳拓展】(1)apologize to sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事向某人道歉(2)make an apology to sb. for sth. 因某事向某人道歉accept/refuse ones apology 接受/拒绝某人的道歉owe sb. an apology 应该向某人表示歉意【语境助记】She apologized_to_me_for_not_replying to my letter in time.她因为没及时给我回信而向我表示歉意。Im writing this letter to express my apology_to_you_for_not_writing you back in time.我写这封信为没有及时给你回信表示道歉。I must make_an_apology_to_him_for not going to his party.没有参加他的聚会，我得向他道歉。I think maybe we owe_you_an_apology.我想也许我们应该向你道歉。例4、remindvt.提醒；使想起I dont want them to remind me of her.(P7)我不想因它们想起她来。【归纳拓展】(1)remind sb. of/about sth. 提醒某人某事；使某人想起某事remind sb. to_do sth. 提醒某人做某事remind (sb.) that/how/what. 提醒(2)reminder n. 起提醒作用的东西【语境助记】2016全国卷Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and were too violent for use at the table.孔子认为刀子会让人想到杀戮，并且在餐桌上使用有些太暴力。You remind_me_of your father when you say that.你说这样的话，使我想起了你的父亲。Reminded_not_to_drive after drinking, some drivers are still trying their luck, which is really dangerous.尽管被提醒不要酒后开车，一些司机仍然心存侥幸，这十分危险。Reading fiction reminds me that there is life beyond my own.阅读小说提醒我在自己的生活之外还有生活。This photo album serves as a reminder of the most important moments of my life.这个影集让我想起生活中最重要的时刻。【名师点睛】与remind用法相类似的动词还有：inform sb. of sth.通知某人某事cure sb. of sth. 治疗某人的疾病rob sb. of sth. 抢劫某人某物warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事accuse sb. of sth. 指控某人某事suspect sb. of sth. 怀疑某人某事convince sb. of sth. 使某人确信某事例5、forgivevt.(forgave, forgiven)原谅；饶恕She would never forgive him.(P7)她将永远不会原谅他。【归纳拓展】(1)forgive sb. sth. 原谅某人的某行为forgive me 请原谅；对不起forgive sb. for (doing) sth. 原谅某人(做了)某事(2)forgive and forget 摒弃前嫌forgiveness n. 宽恕；原谅【语境助记】All I ask is that you forgive_me and keep my secret.我只请求你原谅我，并替我保守秘密。Forgive_me_for_my_interrupting,_but I really dont agree with that.请原谅我的打断，不过我确实不同意那一点。It is also a virtue to_forgive_and_forget,_especially in such a petitive and stressful society.不计前嫌也是一种美德，尤其是在竞争如此激烈、压力如此沉重的社会中。高频考点二、短语例1、take place 发生；举行Discuss when they take place.(P1)讨论一下它们(中国节日)都在什么时候举行【归纳拓展】take the place of sb. 代替某人；接替某人的位置take ones place 就座；入席；代替某人in place of(in ones place) 替代；顶替in place 在适当的位置【语境助记】Great changes have_taken_place in the school over the past three years, which deeply impresses me.这所学校在过去的三年中发生了巨大的变化，这给我留下了深刻的印象。On the whole, TV doesnt take_the_place_of reading for most children.总体来说，对于大多数儿童，电视不会取代阅读。She likes everything to be in_place before she starts work.她喜欢东西都摆好再开始工作。【易混辨析】take place发生；举行；举办；多指有组织、有计划的事件的“发生”，没有偶然性happen碰巧发生；一般用于偶然或突发性事件occur发生；突然想起，其意义相当于happene about发生；产生；多指事情已发生，但不知道为什么，多用于否定句和疑问句break out爆发；多指战争、灾难、瘟疫、争吵等事件的发生一言辨异Since the 2012 Olympic Games took_place in London, great changes have taken_place there. For example, fewer and fewer traffic accidents happened/occurred,_and nearly no quarrels broke_out. You may wonder how these differences came_about.自从2012年奥运会在伦敦举行以后，那里发生了很大的改变。例如：交通事故越来越少了，几乎没有争斗发生。你或许想知道这些不同是怎么产生的。例2、in memory of 纪念；追念For the Japanese festival Obon, people should go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors.(P2)在日本的盂兰盆节，人们要扫墓、烧香，以缅怀祖先。【归纳拓展】“inn.of”短语总结：in honor of 为了纪念；向表示敬意in praise of 歌颂in favor of 赞同；支持in charge of 负责in need of 需要in search of 寻找in possession of 拥有in place of 代替in face of 面对in terms of 就而言；根据【语境助记】They built a monument in_memory_of those who died in the great earthquake.他们建造了一座纪念碑来悼念那些在大地震中遇难的人们。It is widely acknowledged that students should be evaluated in_terms_of overall quality.广泛认为应该根据全面素质来评价学生。There is a party tonight in_honor_of our new headmaster.为了庆祝我们的新校长就任，今晚有个晚会。I am in_favor_of Susans opinion about what the best present is.我赞同苏珊关于什么是最好礼物的观点。In_case_of fire, ring the alarm bell.一发生火灾，就按警铃。You should keep calm even in_face_of danger.即使面临危险，你也应当保持镇静。例3、look forward to 期望；期待；盼望The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the ing of spring.(P2)最富有生气而又最重要的节日，就是告别冬天、迎来春天的节日。【归纳拓展】含介词to的常用动词短语还有：be/get used to 习惯于stick to 坚持lead to 导致object to 反对contribute to 促成；是成因之一get down to 开始认真做pay attention to 注意【名师点睛】(1)look forward to表示“盼望；期待”，该结构中to为介词，故其后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。(2)一定要看清look forward to后的内容是否是其宾语，以免出现错误。【语境助记】Thanks for your kind consideration and I look_forward_to receiving your earliest reply.谢谢您的关照，盼望早日收到您的回复。It is time you got_down_to marking the papers.到了你该开始批改试卷的时候了。As a matter of fact, he objects to being_treated_like_a_child.事实上，他反对像小孩子似的被对待。The letter he_had_been_looking_forward_to_came last night.他期盼已久的那封信，昨天晚上到了。例4、turn up 出现；露面；被找到；开大(音量)；向上翻But she didnt turn up.(P7)但她没露面。【归纳拓展】turn down 调小；拒绝turn out 生产；结果是；证明是；原来是turn over 翻转；翻身turn in 上交turn off 关闭turn to 求助；转向；翻到【语境助记】They finally turned_up at nearly midnight.他们终于在近午夜时出现了。Turn the radio up;_I cant hear it.把收音机的音量调高一点；我听不见。The hall was full, and hundreds of fans had to be turned_away.大厅内挤满了人，数百名歌迷不得不被拒之门外。He asked Jane to marry him but she turned_him_down.他向简求婚但她拒绝了他。Now we wait for them to turn_in their essays.现在我们等着他们上交作文。牛津高阶The job turned_out to be harder than we thought.这工作结果比我们想象的要难。写出下列句子中turn up的含义aWe invited her to dinner but she didnt even bother to turn up.露面；出现bI cant hear the music. Please turn the radio up.开大；调高(音量等)cIm sure your watch will turn up one of these days.(被)找到；(被)发现dHe turned up his coat collar against the chill wind.朝上翻例5、set off 出发；动身；使爆炸；引起As Li Fang set off for home, he thought.(P7)当李方动身回家时，他想【归纳拓展】set up 开办；建立set aside 留出；驳回；撤销；不顾set down 记下；写下；让下车set out 出发；着手做(后跟动词不定式作宾语)set about 开始为忙碌；着手工作(后跟名词或动名词作宾语)【语境助记】2016全国卷But it also set_off the Montgomery bus boycott.但是这件事也引起了蒙哥马利巴士抵抗运动。Any escape, once its detected, sets_off the alarm.一旦发现有泄漏，警报就会响起来。He reminded me that it was time we should set_off_for_the_railway_station.他提醒我该到我们出发去火车站的时候了。He set_out_to_paint the whole house but finished only the front.He set_about_painting the whole house but finished only the front.他着手粉刷整间房子，但仅仅完成了前面。He tried to set_aside a few minutes each day for his exercise.他每天尽量抽出几分钟时间来锻炼。高频考点三、句型It_was_obvious_that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave.(P7)很明显，咖啡馆的经理在等李方离开【归纳拓展】(1)句子中的it作形式主语，其后的that从句才是真正的主语。it作形式主语，没有具体意义，而只是帮助把真正的主语移至句子末尾，使句子取得平衡。(2)it作形式主语的常用句式：It be形容词(常用于这种结构的形容词有：clear, strange, obvious, certain, important, possible, natural, surprising, interesting, likely, unusual等)that从句It be过去分词(said, thought, believed, supposed, reported.)that从句It不及物动词(seem, occur, happen.)that从句在It is necessary/important/strange/natural/impossible/essential/a pity.that.中，从句中的谓语动词常用“should动词原形”，should可省略。【语境助记】It_is_obvious_that the way much coffee is grown affects many aspects of life.很显然，这种种植大量咖啡的方式影响了生活的很多方面。It_is_unbelievable_that Mr Lucas leads a simple life despite his great wealth.简直难以置信，尽管卢卡斯先生很富有，但他过着简朴的生活。It_is_natural_that you should feel homesick when you first leave home.当你第一次离开家时感到想家是很自然的。It_is_said_that he has gone to the USA for further study.据说他已去美国深造了。It_occurred_to_her_that she had left the important file in the office the moment she arrived home.她一到家就想起把重要文件遗忘在办公室了。高频考点四、语法情态动词()1、can/could 表示能力，常译为“能，会”，could主要指过去时间。I cant play basketball now, but I could when I was young.我现在不会打篮球了，但是我年轻时会。2、may/might (1)表示许可或征询对方许可，常译成“可以”。表示征询许可时，may可与can/could换用，might比may的语气更委婉一些。May/Might I use your bike?我可以用用你的自行车吗？(2)表示推测，may多用于肯定句和否定句，其否定用may not表示“可能不”之意。might比may可能性小。Where did he stay last night?昨天晚上他待在哪了？Im not sure, but he might have stayed at his friends.我不确定，他可能待在朋友家了。3、will/would 表示请求、建议，用于第二人称疑问句中，would比will语气更委婉。Will/Would you call back later, please?你晚点儿再打(电话)过来好吗？4、shall/should (1)shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。例如：What shall we do this evening?今晚我们该做什么呢？(2)should表示劝告、建议、命令，其同义词是ought to；在疑问句中，通常用should代替ought to，意为“应该”。(还常用于虚拟语气中)。You shouldnt have told him the news.你本不应该告诉他这个消息。Sal suggested that we should go for a swim.萨尔建议我们去游泳。5、must/cant must表示推测时，只能用于肯定句，意为“一定；肯定”，作此解时，must的否定形式不是mustnt，而是cant/couldnt。I think the news must be true.我想这个消息一定是真的。No, it cant be true.不，它肯定不是真的。【2018全国I】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Color is fundamental in home designsomething youll always have in every room. A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms youll love to live in. Do you want a room thats full of life? Professional? Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day?_36_, color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point._37_, they can get a little plex .But good news is that therere really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones._38_. Theyre the little spots of color like throw pillows ,mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms .Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa ,small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable .Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves _39_. They require a bigger mitment than smaller ones, and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space.The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors .Whether youre looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant._40_.A. While all of them are useful B. Whatever youre looking for C. If youre experimenting with a color D. Small color choices are the ones were most familiar with E. Its not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces F. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways【答案】36. B 37. A 38. D 39. G 40. F【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了室内设计中颜色的选择问题。38. 本空是一个主题句，总说选择小型颜色是我们很熟悉的方法。后文分说小型颜色选择具体用于哪些。故选D。39. 根据前文“中型颜色选择通常是指一些例如沙发，餐桌或者书架等家具的颜色选择”，接着表明这种范围的颜色选择是比小型颜色选择在两种方式上更高一级，故选G。40. 根据前文the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant（你所付诸的时间、精力和相关的费用是巨大的），后文F项（那肯定是值得的，因为你想第一次把它弄好）是上文的结果。故选F。【2018江苏】请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Raynor Winn and her husband Moth became homeless due to their wrong investment. Their savings had been_36_ to pay lawyers fees. To make matters worse, Moth was diagnosed（诊断）with a _37_ disease. There was no _38_, only pain relief.Failing to find any other way out, they decided to make a _39_4_40_ journey, as they caught sight of an old hikers(徒步旅行者）guide.This was a long journey of unaccustomed hardship and _41_ recovery. When leaving home, Raynor and Moth had just 320 in the bank. They planned to keep the _42_ low by living on boiled noodles, with the _43_ hamburger shop treat.Wild camping is _44_ in England. To avoid being caught, the Winns had to get their tent up _45_and packed it away early in the morning. The Winns soon discovered that daily hiking in their 50s is a lot _46_ than they remember it was in their 20s. Raynor _47_ all over and desired a bath. Moth, meanwhile, after an initial _48_, found his symptoms were strangely _49_ by their daily tiring journey._50_, the couple found that their bodies turned for the better, with re-found strong muscles that they thought had _51_ forever. Our hair was fried and falling out, nails broken, clothes _52_ to a thread, but we were alive.During the journey, Raynor began a career as a nature writer. She writes, _53_ had taken every material thing from me and left me torn bare, an empty page at the end of a(n) _54_ written book. It had also given me a _55_, either to leave that page _56_ or to keep writing the story with hope. I chose hope.” 36. A. drawn up B. used up C. backed up D. kept up37. A. mild B. mon C. preventable D. serious38. A. cure B. luck C. care D. promise39. A. business B. walking C. bus D. rail40. A. expected B. frightening C. disappointing D. surprising41. A. budget B. revenue C. pensation D. allowance42. A. frequent B. occasional C. abundant D. constant43. A. unpopular B. lawful C. attractive D. illegal44. A. soon B. early C. late D. slowly45. A. harder B. easier C. cheaper D. funnier46. A. rolled B. bled C. ached D. trembled47. A. struggle B. progress C. excitement D. research48. A. developed B. controlled C. reduced D. increased49. A. Initially B. Eventually C. Temporarily D. Consequently50. A. gained B. kept C. wounded D. lost51. A. sewn B. washed C. worn D. ironed52. A. Doctors B. Hiking C. Lawyers D. Homelessness53. A. well B. partly C. neatly D. originally54. A. choice B. reward C. promise D. break55. A. loose B. full C. blank D. missing【答案】36. B 37. D 38. A 39. B 40. D 41. A 42. B 43. D 44. C 45. A 46. C 47. A 48. C 49. B 50. D 51. C 52. D 53. B 54. A 55. C【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Winn夫妇投资失败变得一无所有，更糟糕的是丈夫被诊断为重疾。然而他们没有放弃，决定徒步野外旅行。出乎意料的是，丈夫的症状渐渐减少了，夫妇二人变得越来越强壮了，妻子也开始了自然作家的生涯。38. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. cure对策；B. luck幸运；C. care关心；D. promise诺言。名词cure在这里表示“治疗的方法”。没有任何治疗的方法，只有止疼。故选A。39. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. business事务；B. walking走；C. bus公交；D. rail栏杆。根据后句as they caught sight of an old hikers(徒步旅行者）guide.可知，他们决定作一次徒步旅行。故选B。40. 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. expected预期的；B. frightening令人害怕的；C. disappointing令人失望的；D. surprising令人惊讶的。这是一次漫长的旅程，经历了不寻常的艰苦和惊人的恢复。故选D。41. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. budget预算；B. revenue税收；C. pensation 赔偿； D. allowance津贴。他们计划靠吃煮面条来维持低预算。故选A。42. 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. frequent频繁的；B. occasional偶尔的；C. abundant大量的； D. constant不断的。偶尔到汉堡包店款待。故选B。43. 考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. unpopular不受欢迎的；B. lawful合法的；C. attractive吸引人的；D. illegal非法的。根据后句To avoid being caught,可知，在英国，野营是非法的。故选D。44. 考查副词以及对语境的理解。A. soon不久；B. early早的；C. late迟的；D. slowly慢慢地。根据后句and packed it away early in the morning.中的early提示可知，他们不得不晚些时候把帐篷搭起来。故选C。46. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. rolled滚动；B. bled流血；C. ached疼；D. trembled发抖。根据常识可知，Raynor浑身疼。故选C。47. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. struggle斗争；B. progress进展；C. excitement激动；D. research研究。经过最初的与病魔作斗争。故选A。48. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. developed发展；B. controlled控制；C. reduced减少；D. increased增加。发现他的症状不可思议的减少了。故选C。49. 考查副词以及对语境的理解。A. Initially起初；B. Eventually最终；C. Temporarily临时地；D. Consequently因此。最终，这对夫妇发现他们的身体变好了。故选B。50. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. gained获得；B. kept保持；C. wounded受伤；D. lost失去。根据前句with re-found strong muscles 可知他们原以为永远失去的强壮的肌肉又再现了。故选D。51. 考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. sewn缝；B. washed洗；C. worn穿破；D. ironed熨。这里指他们的衣服破成了线状物。故选C。52. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A.Doctors医生；B. Hiking徒步旅行；C. Lawyers律师；D. Homelessness无家可归。无家可归夺走了我所有的物质。故选D。53. 考查副词以及对语境的理解。A. well好；B. partly部分地；C. neatly整洁地；D. originally起初。在写已好书中的部分，最后有一页空白页。故选B。54. 考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. choice选择；B. reward报酬；C. promise许诺；D. break休息。根据后句either to leave that page 55 or to keep writing the story with hope.中either or 可知，这里是一种选择。它也给我一种选择。故选A。
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