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Module 3My First Ride on a Train阅读理解组块专练练速度(本栏目内容，在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订！)(限时：35分钟).阅读理解A(2018河南郑州质量预测)Traveling to Europe to see its famous monuments like the Eiffel Tower in Paris and the Colosseum (古罗马竞技场) in Rome, is not exactly the ideal vacation for kids. Fortunately, Europe has more to offer than lots of old churches and ancient history. You can enjoy some fun with your kids in the sun at some of the famous beaches of the continent.Mykonos，GreeceThe closer you get to the equator, the longer the beach season is, and Greece is wonderful for that. You can enjoy beautiful green water, public chairs and lovely umbrellas at the beaches in Mykonos.Dubrovnik，CroatiaTheres nothing more attractive than the beautiful beaches bordering Dubrovnik, Croatias most beautiful city. Its surrounded by stone walls like a castle. It almost makes you feel like youre suntanning (晒黑皮肤) at Hogwarts, where the hero Harry Potter of the story is trained!Sicily, ItalyRabbit Beach on the island of Sicily offers shallow and crystal clear waters, making it a perfect beach for families with young children. And if you want to add interest to your experience, try snorkeling (徒手潜水)Nice，FranceLined with palm trees and firstclass hotels, the city of Nice, located on the French Riviera, offers a whole coastline of Mediterranean beaches. Because theyre in the heart of the city, these beaches attract a large crowd. So if youre looking for something more private, youll have to travel a few miles outside of the city center.Ribadeo，SpainAt low tide, Playa de las Catedrales in Ribadeo, Spain is the perfect beach to take in the natural wonders without urban amusements like restaurants, bars or huge crowds. It boasts beautiful wild flowers and unique rock formations making it truly a picture worthy.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了几个适合孩子去度假的欧洲旅游胜地。1What makes Dubrovnik so special?AIt is surrounded by stone walls.BIt has the most attractive coastline.CIt has the longest beach season.DIt is the training center of Harry Potter.答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据第三段的“Theres nothing more attractive. Its surrounded by stone walls like a castle”可知，Dubrovnik的特别之处就是它像城堡一样被石墙围绕。2If you plan to go to a beach in the city, where should you go?AMykonos.BSicily.CNice. DRibadeo.答案与解析：C细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的第二句“Because theyre in the heart of the city, these beaches attract a large crowd”可知，选C。3Which of the following is true about Ribadeo?AVisitors can try snorkeling there.BIt offers visitors firstclass hotels.CIt has restaurants, bars and huge crowds.DVisitors can enjoy unique rock formations there.答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据最后一段的最后一句“It boasts beautiful wild flowers and unique rock formations making it truly a picture worthy”可知，游客们可以欣赏到Ribadeo独一无二的岩石构造。4What do all the beaches have in mon?AThey have beautiful wild flowers.BThey are famous European beaches.CThey are wellknown for their green water.DThey provide visitors with urban amusements.答案与解析：B细节理解题。根据文章第一段多处出现的Europe和“You can enjoy some fun. the continent”可知，文章中介绍的所有景点都在欧洲，结合全文可知，这些景点都是海滩。B(2018江西南昌一模)Dear readers，Medical related emergencies are on the rise. More seniors are seeking an independent lifestyle and better quality of life. Over 1 in 3 people over the age of 64 will fall this year. Nearly half will not be able to get up without support.Medical expenses can increase when a person is not given timely support. You can prevent a medical catastrophe with our 24hour emergency response system. Our solution is highly remended by doctors, healthcare professionals, and hospitals.We are offering a FREE Medical Alert System to seniors or their loved ones who call now. For a limited time, there will be no setup fees and the medical monitoring starts at less than a dollar a day. The system is topranked and easytouse. The pendant is 100% waterproof and it can travel with you. Our new system can detect falls automatically.Call TollFree 18003600405 and gain peace of mind. There is no longterm contract. Our medical alert professionals can walk you through everything over the phone.The first 100 callers to order will receive：Free Medical Alert System ($ 300 Value)24 Hours a Day/7 Days a Week LIVE Monitoring and SupportFree Waterproof Necklace Pendant or WristbandNo LongTerm ContractFree ShippingDont wait until after a fall to give us a call. Take advantage of this special offer now to protect yourself or a loved one.Call Now TollFree 18003600405.Sincerely，Jim NelsonPresident【语篇解读】本文主要是给读者推荐一种老人医疗预警系统。5Whats the function of the Medical Alert System?ATo detect your falls automatically.BTo prevent all kinds of diseases.CTo monitor medical treatments.DTo gain peace of mind.答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Our new system can detect falls automatically”可知，这个医疗预警系统的功能是可以自动检测出老人是否摔倒，故选A。【干扰项分析】B项错在可以预防所有疾病，文章并没提到；C项错在可以监控医疗治疗，文章中并没有提到；D项错在为了获得心理上的宁静，这非系统本身的功能，故排除。6What will the first 100 callers to order receive?A300 dollars.BFree Waterproof Wristband.CA longterm contract.DTimely medical support.答案与解析：B细节理解题。根据第五段第三条“Free waterproof Necklace Pendant or Wristband”可知，前100名打电话预订的人可以获得免费的防水项链挂件或者腕带，故选B。【干扰项分析】A项错在给予300美元，实际是免费提供价值300美元的预警系统；C项错在可以得到长期合同，实际是不需要签订长期合同；D项错在及时医疗支持，第五段提到了一周七天，一天24小时的现场监控和支持，故排除。7In which column may you find this article in a magazine?AEconomy. BEducation.CPsychology. DAdvertisement.答案与解析：D推理判断题。根据全文的整体内容可知，本文是一篇广告，是关于一款针对老年人的医疗预警系统的推介，故选D。C(2018福建福州五校联考)There is a popular saying in the English language: “Sticks and stones may break my bones, but words will never hurt me.” Well, that is not true. Unkind words, namecalling or even the socalled “the silent treatment” can hurt children as much as being physically hit, sometimes even more so.A recent study of middle school children showed that verbal (言语的) abuse by other children can harm development in the brain. The study was a project of researchers at Harvard Medical School in Massachusetts. Researcher Martin Teicher and his team studied young adults, aged 18 to 25. These young men and women had not ever been treated in a cruel or violent way by their parents. The researchers asked the young people to rate their childhood exposure to verbal abuse from both parents and other children. Then the researchers performed imaging tests on the brains of the subjects.The images showed that the people who reported suffering verbal abuse from peers in middle school had underdeveloped connections between the left and right side of the brain. The two sides of the brain are connected by a large bundle of connecting fibers called the corpus callosum. This was the area that was underdeveloped.The middle school years are a time when these brain connections are developing. So, unkind, hurtful ments from children or adults during this period have the greatest effect. The researchers tested the mental and emotional condition of all the young people in the study. The tests showed that this same group of people had higher levels of fear, depression, anger and drug abuse than others in the study.The researchers published their findings online on the American Journal of Psychiatrys website.Parents cannot control what other people say to their children, but they can prepare their children.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。马萨诸塞州哈佛医学院的研究人员发现，语言暴力会干扰大脑神经的连接，对孩子的大脑发育造成不良影响。8Why does the author use the popular saying at the beginning?ATo show the power of words.BTo introduce an opposite view.CTo prove the authors argument.DTo show ancient peoples wisdom.答案与解析：B考查作者意图。引用名人名言、谚语等是文章开篇的常见写作方式，且大多用来引出文章的话题。但是根据此谚语后面的“Well, that is not true. Unkind words, namecalling or even the socalled the silent treatment can hurt children as much as being physically hit, sometimes even more so”可知，本文引用这个谚语恰恰是为了引出一个不同的或者说是相反的观点，故选B。9What did the subjects have in mon?AThey were hurt by unkind words.BThey performed poorly in imaging tests.CThey had their brain slightly damaged.DThey experienced no physical abuse at home.答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据第二段中的“These young men and women had not ever been treated in a cruel or violent way by their parents”可知，这些实验对象都没有遭受过父母的残酷或暴力对待，也就是说，他们在家里都没受到过身体上的虐待。故选D。【干扰项分析】部分考生会误选A项，原因在于考生看到了第三段中的“reported suffering verbal abuse from peers in middle school”而误认为所有的实验对象都遭受过语言暴力，但是根据前面的“the people who”可知，并非所有实验对象都遭受过语言暴力。10What will be discussed in the next paragraph?Aments on the findings.BApproaches to further studies.CSuggestions to parents.DDifferent opinions on the matter.答案与解析：C推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Parents cannot control what other people say to their children, but they can prepare their children”可知，作者接下来应该会就“父母如何帮助自己的孩子为可能遭受的语言暴力做好准备，使他们不会受到语言暴力的影响”给出一些方法或建议。故选C。11What is the main idea of the passage?AThe way we speak matters.BVerbal violence should be stopped.CUnkind words hurt the brain.DWords are worse than sticks and stones.答案与解析：C考查主旨要义。文章介绍了语言暴力对孩子的不良影响，再根据文中的“verbal (言语的) abuse by other children can harm development in the brain”可以看出，其影响主要体现在孩子的大脑发育方面。故选C。D(2018河南郑州质量预测)Can you figure out someones name just by looking at him or her?The answer may not be a definite “yes”， but a study by the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel, found that you would at least have a clue, since people with certain names tend to share similar facial appearances.For example, if someone is named Bob, hes likely to have a round and joyful face, while someone named Tim tends to have a narrower face and a more serious look.People have long been associating names with certain cultural expectations, which may be responsible for the studys results. For example, a woman named Katherine is usually considered to be more reliable than a girl named Bonnie. Previous studies also found that people with traditionally AfricanAmerican names such as DeShawn and Jamal are more likely to be seen as dangerous and violent by their teachers and are less likely to be hired in jobs.These stereotypes (模式化概念) have bee so widespread that theyve even affected how people look at themselves. In fact, people tend to subconsciously (下意识地) change their own personalities to fit into these stereotypesKatherines may try hard to be trustworthy and Bonnies may care less about the mistakes they make.“We develop the personality that other people expect us to exhibit，” said lead researcher Yonat Zwebner, according to The Telegraph. In other words, its not that names change people, but people try to live up to their names.And our faces may even change over time, based on these stereotypes.“Usually, we think that faces are very fixed but now we show that theyre not，” the studys coauthor Ruth Mayo told UKs iNews.According to Mayo, the use of different facial expressions can allow people to develop different looks. “If you smile a lot, you have different wrinkles around your eyes and your mouth from if you frown (皱眉) a lot，” she said.【语篇解读】本文主要讨论了是否可以相面而识人名的问题。【难句分析】The answer may not be a definite “yes”， but a study by the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel, found that you would at least have a clue, since people with certain names tend to share similar facial appearances.分析：本句是一个复合句。句中that引导宾语从句，在从句中不作句子成分；since引导原因状语从句。译文：答案不一定是肯定的“是”，但是一项由以色列的Hebrew University of Jerusalem大学的研究发现，至少你可以得到线索，因为有相同名字的人往往有相似的面部特征。12Why did the author use the names Bob and Tim as an example?ATo prove the influence of names on our emotions.BTo present the cultural expectations of certain names.CTo show the correct method of guessing someones name.DTo explain the possible connections between names and looks.答案与解析：D推理判断题。根据第二段和第三段的整体内容可推知，第三段的例子是为了证明第二段的观点，即名字和面相是有一定联系的，故选D。13Which of the following are considered cultural stereotypes by the author?aA boy named Tim tends to be cautious.bA boy named Jamal tends to be violent.cA boy named DeShawn appears dangerous.dA girl named Bonnie is likely to be seen as joyful.eA girl named Katherine is usually considered trustworthy.Aabe BadeCbce Dbcd答案与解析：C细节理解题。根据第四段的最后一句“Previous studies also found that people with traditionally AfricanAmerican names such as DeShawn and Jamal are more likely to be seen as dangerous and violent by their teachers and less likely to be hired in jobs”和第五段最后一句的“Katherines may try hard to be trustworthy and Bonnies may care less about the mistakes they make”可知，答案为C。14Which of the following would Yonat Zwebner probably agree with?APeoples faces bee fixed as they grow into adults.BThe way people are looked at changes their personalities.CPeople could change their personalities by using different names.DPeople should focus on sound and meaning when choosing names.答案与解析：B推理判断题。根据第六段的“In other words, its not that names change people, but people try to live up to their names”可推知，人们竭力去使自己的个性和名字相符，故选B。15What might be the best title for the passage?ANames may make looksBNames can change peopleCAppearances may affect jobsDAppearances can carry culture答案与解析：A标题判断题。根据第一段“Can you figure out someones name just by looking at him or her”的开篇点题，并结合文章的整体内容可知，本文主要讨论的是名字和面相之间的关系，故选A。【干扰项分析】B项错在名字可以改变人们，文章中提到的是名字可以影响人们，而非改变人们；C项错在容貌影响工作，文章提到的例子说明名字有可能影响到求职；D项错在容貌有文化特点，文中虽有提到，但不是文章的主旨，故排除D项。.七选五(2018江西名校联盟质量检测) Think about what youve learned from a particular rumor experience, and let it help you make sure it never happens again. Here are a few tips that will help you._1_The more private information that you make public, the more ammunition (把柄) rumors will have, so be careful who you confide in (向吐露)Try to understand where its ing from, and why.Is the rumor meant to hurt you, or is it just a case of misinformation or exaggeration? Its important to get this information before you react to the rumor. _2_Resist the urge to dish it out.Have you heard the saying “Someone can dish it out, but he or she cant take it”？ _3_ If you spread gossip and rumors about others, you might bee a person who deserves a taste of his or her own medicine.Resist the urge to take revenge.If youve been the victim of gossip and rumors and you know who started spreading them, you might want to go “an eye for an eye”. _4_ And taking revenge in this way might make you feel good for a short time. But in the end, it will just keep the cycle of rumors going. _5_ABe cautious about making friends.BBe careful about your private information.CTry to persuade more people to be on your side.DSo if you can, figure out how the rumor occurs.EIn other words, dont be the person to spread rumors.FIts tending to make up lies or expose information that hurts others.GAnd make you as much of a bully (恃强凌弱者) as any other rumor starter.【语篇解读】本文为说明文，讲述的是如何正确应对谣言。1答案与解析：B根据下文的“The more private information that you make public, the more ammunition (把柄) rumors will have, so be careful who you confide in (向吐露)”可知，本段主要讲的是“对你自己的隐私要小心谨慎”，故选B项。B项中的“private information”也与文中的“private information”相匹配。2答案与解析：D根据本段的小标题“Try to understand where its ing from, and why”及空前的内容可知，对谣言作出反应前，弄清楚谣言很重要。所以如果你能的话，要弄清楚谣言的来源和起因，故D项符合语境。3答案与解析：E根据本段的小标题“Resist the urge to dish it out”及空处上下文的内容可知，空处讲的应是同不要散播谣言相关的内容，故E项符合语境。4答案与解析：F根据下文的“taking revenge in this way”可知，空处的内容应是报复的方法，故F项符合语境。5答案与解析：G根据上文的内容可知，如果以散布谣言的方式报复别人的话，你可能会在短期内感觉良好，但是最后，这只会使得谣言继续被散布，故G项承接上文，进一步说明了这种报复方式的消极后果。
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