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Unit 3 A taste of English humour*阅读理解。The Amazon basin region is home to about 2.5 million insect species，tens of thousands of plants，and some 2 000 birds and mammals.To date，at least 40 000 plant species,3 000 fish,1 294 birds,427 mammals,428 amphibians，and 378 reptiles have been scientifically classified in the region.One in five of all the birds in the world live in the rainforests of the Amazon.The warm wet forests have been in existence for 55 million years，and thrived even during glacial periods，allowing for the evolution of an unbelievable diversity of species.Radiocarbon dating(放射性碳年代测定)has revealed trees of 10 centimeter diameter to be more than 300 years old，and some trees over 1 000 years old，indicating that untouched forests can experience unbelievable longevity.The first human inhabitants are thought to have settled in the Amazon region about 11 200 years ago.European explorers arrived in the 16th century，bringing diseases which traveled faster than the explorers themselves，killing perhaps as many as 90% of the indigenous inhabitants(土著居民)By the late 17th century the Amazon basin was controlled by Portuguese and Spanish explorers.The Amazon rainforest has been described as the lungs of our planet because of its important role in recycling carbon dioxide into oxygen.But due to deforestation(采伐森林)，rainforests now cover less than 5% of the Earths land surface，and experts believe that this is a big contributor to global climate change.Severe deforestation began in the 20th century，with 587 000 square kilometers lost up to the year 2000.Most deforested land is used for grassland to raise farm animals and agriculture.The addition of transport routes has led to increased settlement and deforestation，and at the present rate，scientists estimate that the Amazon rainforest will be reduced by 40% in two decades.1Why are the figures mentioned in Paragraph 1?ATo prove the forest untouched.BTo classify species scientifically.CTo show the diversity of species.DTo attract more attention to Amazon.2Why did most indigenous inhabitants in the Amazon region die?AEuropean explorers brought diseases there.BPortuguese explorers treated them badly.CA lot of trees were cut down and burned.DThey got killed by Spanish explorers.3What can be inferred about the Amazon rainforest?AIt has the largest number of species.BIt covers over 5% of South America.CIt is being larger in area.DIt is being endangered now.4What may be included in the following paragraph?AExamples of destroying forests.BMeasures to protect rainforests.CNew settlements in Amazon.DWays to stop global warming.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了亚马逊热带雨林正面临消失的危险。1C目的意图题。通读全文可知，第一段提到昆虫、植物和动物等物种的数量，是为了表明亚马逊热带雨林物种的多样性。故答案选C。2A细节理解题。European explorers arrived in the 16th century, bringing diseases which traveled faster than the explorers themselves，killing perhaps as many as 90% of the indigenous inhabitants(土著居民)(第三段第二句)译文：十六世纪，欧洲探险家来到这里，带来了疾病，这些疾病的传播速度比探险家前行的脚步还要快，大约使多达90%的土著居民死亡。根据关键句可知，欧洲探险家把疾病带到亚马逊地区，导致大多数土著居民死亡。故答案选A。3D推理判断题。The addition of transport routes has led to increased settlement and deforestation，and at the present rate，scientists estimate that the Amazon rain forest will be reduced by 40% in two decades.(最后一段最后一句)译文：运输路线的增加导致了定居点和滥伐森林的增加，根据目前的速度，科学家估计亚马逊热带雨林在二十年内将减少40%。根据关键句可推知，亚马逊热带雨林正面临消失的危险。故答案选D。4B推理判断题。最后一段主要介绍了由于滥伐森林，亚马逊热带雨林覆盖率在下降，正面临消失的危险；由此可推知，文章接下来应是针对这种情况介绍如何保护亚马逊热带雨林。故答案选B。亮点句积累：The addition of transport routes has led to increased settlement and deforestation，and at the present rate，scientists estimate that the Amazon rain forest will be reduced by 40% in two decades.(最后一段最后一句)译文：运输路线的增加导致了定居点和滥伐森林的增加，根据目前的速度，科学家估计亚马逊热带雨林在二十年内将减少40%。*语法填空。 Tyler Thompson is _1_ unlikely star in the world of Peking opera. The 15yearold from Oakland has fascinated audiences in the US and China with his ability _2_ (sing) pitchperfect Mandarin (普通话) and perform the ancient Chinese art form. The teen,_3_ is black and only speaks some basic Chinese, has been praised by teachers since he _4_ (pick) up the music as a kindergartener. “As soon as he opens _5_ (he) mouth and sings in Chinese, the Chinese are very surprised and they feel very proud of him，” said his music teacher. “When he puts on the costume and all the acting, you can see that he is pretty good.” Tyler has learned to sing several wellknown pieces of Peking opera, a centuriesold form of musical theater _6_ (know) for its highly structured costumes, changing gongs (锣) and cymbals (钹), wideranging voices and highly stylized _7_ (move). Tyler got _8_ (stand) cheers when he performed _9_ Justice Bao, a famous Song Dynasty judge who fought corruption, from the Chinese classic BaoQing Tian. “The music is very beautiful, and its very passionate，” said Tyler. “Its made me _10_ (want) to know more about the world outside of America or California or Oakland.”1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._ 6._ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._ 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个擅长表演京剧的外国青少年的故事。1an考查冠词。star是可数名词，且第一次在文章中出现，故用不定冠词修饰，表泛指；形容词unlikely的读音以元音音素开头，故用an。2to sing考查非谓语动词。ability to do sth. “做某事的能力”，为固定搭配，故用不定式作后置定语。3who考查定语从句的引导词。所填关系词引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The teen，且关系词在从句中作主语，故填关系代词who。4picked考查动词的时态。since意为“自从”，引导状语从句，从句常用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。5his考查代词。根据语境mouth和主语he可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词his修饰名词mouth，在句子中作定语。6known考查非谓语动词。know和句子谓语之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词，且know和其逻辑主语Peking opera是动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。7movements考查词性转换。根据and可知，此处与名词voices呼应，应用所给词的名词的复数形式，即movements。8standing考查形容词。由空后的名词cheers可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词，standing意为“站着进行的”，表示Tyler得到了(观众的)起立欢呼。9as考查介词。此处as意为“作为”，后跟名词、代词或动名词，与performed呼应，表示扮演的角色，符合语境。10want考查非谓语动词。make sb. do sth. “让某人做某事”，应用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，故填want。*完形填空。I used to believe courtesy(礼仪) was a thing of the past.Very seldom have I e across 1 human beings in this modern era of the socalled Generation X.Recently，I had to change my thinking，when I came 2 with just such a human being.I had gone to a fashionable 3 place，with my two 4 . The place was crowded with the usual 5 crowd and we had to climb a steep flight of stairs in order to find a(n) 6 table.After enjoying coffee and snacks，we were at the steep descent(下来) down the stairs，where the 7 space made climbing down very difficult，with hardly any space for another person to climb up or e down. 8 I was in the middle of my descent，a man 9 the main entrance of the restaurant which was right in front of the 10 . I was sure I would be 11 roughly by this man who wanted to go up in a hurry.I 12 ing down as fast as I could，holding onto the banister(栏杆)My daughters were already down， 13 me worriedly，hoping I would reach them soon.Nearly reaching them，I noticed the man 14 standing near the door.I reached my daughters and 15 the stranger at the entrance door which he kept holding open.I looked back thinking he was still 16 the door，deciding whether to go in or find another less crowded place.I 17 him going up the stairs，two at a time.I told my daughters about it and all three of us felt 18 that we did not even thank the gentleman who was 19 holding the door open for us ladies to pass through before going up.We applauded his good manners for 20 ，waiting for us to e down before going up himself and also holding the main entrance door open for us to go out.Till date，I remember this gentleman.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。在拥挤的咖啡馆，一位非常有礼貌的绅士一直在门口等作者下楼并开着门以方便作者她们出去，之后自己才上楼。作者对这一行为表示了感激与赞赏。1A.polite BeducatedCstubbornDhonestA解析：A项意为“有礼貌的”；B项意为“受过教育的”；C项意为“固执的”；D项意为“诚实的”。根据第一段第一句中的“courtesy(礼仪) was a thing of the past”可知，“我”很少遇见有礼貌的人。故选A。2A.neck to neckBhand in handCface to faceDstep by stepC解析：A项意为“并驾齐驱，不分上下”；B项意为“手挽手”；C项意为“面对面”；D项意为“逐步地，渐渐地”。根据下文内容可知，“我们”是面对面遇见的。故选C。3A.fishBfruitCcoffeeDflowerC解析：根据下文中的“After enjoying coffee and snacks”可知，“我”去了一个咖啡馆。故选C。4A.colleaguesBdaughtersCfriendsDstudentsB解析：根据第三段最后一句中的“My daughters were already down”可知，“我”带着两个女儿。故选B。5A.angryBworriedCnervousDloudD解析：根据上文中的“The place was crowded”可推断，这个地方人多嘈杂。D项意为“喧闹的”，符合语境。故选D。6A.emptyBwoodenCcleanDwindowA解析：A项意为“空的”；B项意为“木制的”；C项意为“干净的”；D项意为“窗户”。根据上文中的“crowded”以及“我们”上楼梯可知，“我们”是为了寻找一个空桌。故选A。7A.openBvastCprivateDnarrowD解析：A项意为“开阔的”；B项意为“巨大的”；C项意为“私人的”；D项意为“狭窄的”。根据下文中的“made climbing down very difficult，with hardly any space for another person to climb up or e down”可知，楼梯很狭窄，所以下楼很困难。故选D。8A.UnlessBWhenever CAsDSinceC解析：句意为：当我下楼梯下到一半时，一个人走进了餐厅根据上下分句之间的关系可知，此处应用as引导时间状语从句，意为“当时”。故选C。9A.leftBenteredCnoticedDignoredB解析：根据语境可知，此人应是走进餐厅的正门。故选B。10A.tableBcrowdCrestaurantDstairsD解析：根据上下文语境可知，餐厅的正门就在楼梯的前面。故选D。11A.pushedBliftedCpressedDplacedA解析：A项意为“推”；B项意为“举起”；C项意为“挤压”；D项意为“放置”。根据语境可知，因为楼梯很狭窄，所以“我”认为这个男人上楼时肯定会粗鲁地挤“我”。故选A。12A.stoppedBkeptCavoidedDsuggestedB解析：根据语境可知，为了避免被挤，“我”尽可能地继续下楼梯。keep doing sth.意为“继续做某事”，符合语境。故选B。13A.looking afterBlooking aroundClooking down onDlooking up atD解析：A项意为“照顾”；B项意为“朝四周看”；C项意为“看不起”；D项意为“向上看，抬头看”。根据本句中的“My daughters were already down”可知，女儿们已经下楼，“我”还在楼梯上，因此，女儿们应是抬头看“我”。故选D。14A.oftenBseldomCstillDevenC解析：根据语境可知，“我”快下完楼时，这个男人还站在门口。故选C。15A.passedBstruckChelpedDscoldedA解析：句意为：我来到女儿们旁边，与这个陌生男人在门口擦肩而过，而他一直为我们开着门。故选A。16A.onBatCinDbeyondB解析：此处表示“在门口”，应用介词at。故选B。17A.heardBpreventedCsawDcaughtC解析：根据上文中的“I looked back”可知，此处表示“我”看到的景象。故选C。18A.ashamedBhappyCrelievedDsurprisedA解析：A项意为“感到愧疚(或遗憾)的”；B项意为“高兴的”；C项意为“松了一口气的”；D项意为“吃惊的”。根据本句中的“we did not even thank the gentleman”可知，“我们”因没有感谢这位先生而感到遗憾。故选A。19A.graduallyBactuallyCfinallyDimmediatelyB解析：根据上文语境可知，“我”原以为这个男人等在门口是在决定是进去还是寻找另一个人少的地方，现在知道他实际上是在为“我们”开着门，等“我们”出去。B项意为“实际上，事实上”，符合语境。故选B。20A.allBeitherCnoneDbothD解析：下文介绍了这个人两个有礼貌的行为，所以此处应用both，意为“两者都”。故选D。*短文改错。As the saying goes, chance favored the prepared mind. I learned this from one of my experience.I was not chosen as member of the volleyball team of our school. Because of this, I decided to give up play volleyball. Luckily, my best friend stopped me but pointed out that it was my laziness and poor preparation which led to my failure. After that, I practiced playing volleyball on every day. When another chance of trying out arrived, I was full prepared and tried my best. As a result, I was selected and became an important player on our school team. From this, I am firmly convincing that we are able to seize a chance as long as I get well prepared.答案：As the saying goes, chance the prepared mind. I learned this from one of my .I was not chosen as member of the volleyball team of our school. Because of this, I decided to give up volleyball. Luckily, my best friend stopped me pointed out that it was my laziness and poor preparation led to my failure. After that, I practiced playing volleyball every day. When another chance of trying out arrived, I was prepared and tried my best. As a result, I was selected and became an important player on our school team. From this, I am firmly that we are able to seize a chance as long as get well prepared.难项分析：第五处：butand考查连词。本句中，“stopped”和“pointed out”共同作句子的谓语，为并列关系，故改but为and。第六处：whichthat考查强调句型。本句中宾语从句为强调句，被强调的部分是my laziness and poor preparation；强调句型的结构为It is/was . that/who .，故改which为that。第九处：convincingconvinced考查形容词。convinced表示人“信服的”；convincing表示事物“令人信服的”。此处构成“Sb. be firmly convinced that从句”句型，意为“某人坚信”，故改convincing为convinced。*
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