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Unit 2 The environment一、课前基础自查(一)分类记单词省时高效 .阅读单词(知其意)1flow vi.流，流动；流畅地进行n. 流动；连贯2clap vi.& vt. 鼓掌，拍手3administration n. 管理；管理部门；施行；(美国)政府4conservation n. (对自然环境的)保护5fuel n. 燃料vt.& vi. 提供燃料；加油6businessman n. (尤指上层)商界人员；企业家7raw adj. 原始的，未经加工或处理的8greedy adj. 贪婪的，贪心的9plant n. 工厂；发电厂 10customs n. 海关；关税11carbon n. 碳12vehicle n. 交通工具，车辆13engine n. 发动机，引擎.重点单词(写其形)1debate n& vi. 辩论；争论，讨论2recycle vi.& vt. 回收利用3.quantity n. 数量4conflict vi. 冲突，抵触n. 冲突；矛盾5willing adj. 愿意的，乐意的6decrease vt.& vi.& n减少7measure n. 措施，方法；尺度vt. 测量；估量，判定8appreciate vt. 欣赏，赞赏；感激；领会9flood n. 洪水；大批，大量vt.& vi. 泛滥；淹没；大量涌入10decade n. 十年11range n. 范围；一系列；山脉vi. (在一定范围内)变化；包括；排列，排序12particular adj. 专指的，特指的；特别的；讲究的，挑剔的13arrest vt.& n. 逮捕14credit n. 赞扬，称赞，认可；信用，信誉；学分15illegally adv. 非法地16goods n. 商品，货品17arrival n. 到来，抵达；到达者 .拓展单词(通其变)1consultant n顾问consult vt.& vi.查阅；请教；商议2production n产量；生产produce vt.& vi.生产，制造product n产品；产物3responsibility n责任，职责responsible adj.负责的；尽责的4belief n看法；信念believe vt.相信5environmental adj.环境的environment n环境environmentally adv.有关环境的6operate vt.& vi.经营；动手术operation n操作；经营；手术operator n操作员；话务员7impress vt.使印象深刻impression n印象impressive adj.给人深刻印象的8electrical adj.电的，用电的electric adj.电的；用电的；能发电的electricity n电；电学；电流9consume vt.消耗，耗费；消费consumer n消费者，用户，顾客consumption n消费10absorb vt.吸收；理解；使全神贯注absorbed adj.全神贯注的；一心一意的；被吸收的absorption n专注；吸收语境活用1This month, they have increased production and produced twice as many products as they did last month.(produce)2We should be responsible for what we did and be a man with a sense of responsibility.(responsible)3The parents decided to have the doctor operate on their sons head and the operation will have been arranged next week.(operate)4I always hold the belief that we must believe in ourselves and our fate is in our own hand.(believe)5My parents often impressed the importance of honesty on me when I was young, which leaves a deep impression on me.(impress)6Good natural environment is vital to us. We shouldnt sacrifice environmental protection to promote economic growth.(environment) 7Experts advise consumers not to buy more groceries until theyve already been consumed. This is called rational consumption.(consume)8Absorbed in his writing, the writer always forgets to eat and sleep. His absorption in work is admirable.(absorb)(二)练中记短语记牢用活写准记牢语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)1.open_the_floor自由发言 2cut_back_on 减少，削减，缩减3use_up 用尽4run_out_(of) 用完，耗尽5clean_up 打扫(或清除)干净6queue_up 排队等候7pick_out 找出，挑选8under_way 进行中9in/with_regard_to 关于，至于10let_off 排放，释放11in_particular 尤其，特别12do_ones_part 尽自己的职责13result_in 导致14rely_on_._for_. 依赖提供15ask_around 四处打听16blame_._on_. 把归咎于17put_._in_danger 把置于危险之地18in_use 在使用中1.As you cut_back_on the amount of caffeine you consume, you may find yourself feeling tired.2I went along thinking of nothing in_particular only looking at things around me. 3After the midterm exam, the students decided to go on an outing to let_off stress.4Once the nonrenewable resources are used_up,_nothing can replace them.5Im going to pick_out a few books to send to several friends in South China.6What are your future plans with/in_regard_to both higher education and employment?7The yearly campaign to raise funds for the Red Cross is already under_way.8Please queue_up for a ticket. Do not jump the queue.9The fuel had almost run_out and was forced to break into a filling station.10An increase in cars has resulted_in the decline of public transport.(三)仿写明句式以用为本教材原句句式解读句式仿写1.With me are Ms Lin Shuiqing, from the Green Society, and Mr Qian Liwei, a business development consultant.和我一起的，一位是来自绿色地球协会的林水清女士，另一位是商业发展顾问钱力伟先生。表示处所或方位的介词短语位于句首，且主语为名词时，句子使用完全倒装。在我们的教学楼前面矗立着两棵大树，它们使得我们的校园更加美丽。In front of the teaching building stand_two_big_trees,_which add to the beauty of our school.2.The worlds population has grown by six times what it was in 1800.世界人口比1800年已经增长了六倍。倍数表达法：倍数what从句。(2017天津高考写作佳句)现在全运会的运动员人数是十年前的两倍多。Nowadays the number of the athletes in the National Games is twice_what_it_was ten years ago.3.I liked it when you told that joke.我喜欢你讲的那个笑话。like it when从句。(2016天津高考单选改编)我不喜欢她在我工作时给我打电话我总是太忙了，不能跟她交谈。I hate_it_when she calls me at work Im always too busy to carry on a conversation with her.4.Therefore, the more petrol and electricity we consume, the more carbon we are letting off.因此，我们消耗的汽油和电越多，排放的碳就越多。“the比较级 ., the 比较级 .”表示“越，越”。你睡觉前摄入的脂肪越多，在晚上就对你的身体造成越大的负担。The_more_fat you take in before bedtime, the_greater_burden you will put on your body at night.二、课堂重点深化1responsibility n责任，职责 自主体验单句语法填空Last but not least, its everyones responsibility to_make (make) good use of water.There is no doubt that we human beings should be responsible for the global warming.完成句子If you serve your munity, you will grow up to be a good citizen with a_strong_sense_of_responsibility (强烈的责任感)We should motivate the students into taking_the_responsibility_for (为负责) their own work.系统归纳(1)have the/(a) responsibility to do .有责任/有义务做bear/take (on) the responsibility for 承担对的责任，为负责a sense of responsibility责任感(2)responsible adj. 有责任的，应负责任的be responsible for 应对负责；对有责任重点强化易错处处防As we all know, the police are responsible with the preservation of law and order.withfor佳句时时写(2011江西高考书面表达)因此，让我们通过骑自行车来承担起建设低碳城市的责任。Therefore,_lets_take_the_responsibility_for_building_up_a_lowcarbon_city_by_riding_bicycles.2operate vt.经营，管理；操作vi.动手术；运转；见效，起作用自主体验写出下列句中operate的含义People were trapped between floors because the lift didnt operate properly.运转Its too difficult for him to operate this new plex machine.操作My father is a doctor. He operated on a patient on the head last night.动手术The medicine will quickly operate on such patients.起作用They operate three factories and a huge warehouse.经营完成句子It is said that some new rules will_e/go_into_operation_next_month (将于下个月生效)Protective clothing must be worn when_the_machine_is_in_operation (当机器在运转时)系统归纳(1)operate on sb. (for .)(因某病)给某人动手术(2)operation n. 运转，运行；操作e/go into operation 生效，实行be in operation 运转中，实施中operator n. 操作员；接线员重点强化易错处处防The woman was walking back and forth outside the operation room, because her son was being operated.operated后加on佳句时时写(2009江苏高考书面表达)对于大多数人来说，没有鼠标操作电脑几乎是不可能的，更不用说上网了。For_most_people,_its_almost_impossible_to_operate_a_puter_without_a_mouse,_let_alone_surf_the_Internet.3impress vt.使印象深刻；使铭记，使牢记自主体验单句语法填空It is especially important to make a good first impression (impress) at a job interview.Among his many good qualities, punctuality is the most impressive (impress) one.The little boy impressed me with his big and bright eyes the first time I saw him.完成句子The new teacher made/left_a_good_impression_on/upon (给留下好印象) the students by her rich knowledge and humorous talk.We will be_impressed_with/at/by (对印象深刻) the newly learnt words only if they are frequently used in everyday munication.系统归纳(1)impress sb. with sth.某事给某人留下深刻印象impress sth. on/upon sb./ones memory (mind)使某人对某事有印象/使某人铭记某事be impressed with/by/at . 对印象深刻(2)impression n. 印象leave/make an impression on sb.给某人留下印象(3)impressive adj. 令人赞叹的；令人难忘的重点强化易错处处防Deeply impressed on its beauty, I fell in love with Guilin.onby佳句时时写(2016天津高考书面表达)给我们印象最深的是你们的艺术技巧，显示出了你们过人的天赋。What_impressed_us_most_are_your_art_skills,_in_which_you_showed_outstanding_talent.4decrease vt.& vi.& n减少自主体验完成句子Last year the number of independent firms decreased_from_198_to_96 (从198家减少到96家)To be frank with you, the number of the people who drive after drinking is on_the_decrease (在减少)The traffic accidents in the city decreased_by_30% (减少了30%) last year.系统归纳(1)decrease to减少到decrease by 减少了decrease from . to . 从减少到(2)on the decrease 在减少重点强化易错处处防With the development of society, the number of cyclists running traffic lights is on decrease. on后加the佳句时时写(2015江苏高考书面表达)说实话，违反交通规则的人正在减少。Honestly_speaking,_people_who_break_traffic_rules_are_on_the_decrease.5measure n措施，方法；尺度vt.测量；估量，判定 vi.(指尺寸、长、宽、高等)量度为自主体验写出下列句中measure的含义We must pay attention to these problems and take effective measures to solve them. 措施This line measures four times as long as that one. 量度为It seemed as if the suit was made to his own measure. 尺度Its difficult to measure the success of the campaign at this stage.估量Did you measure the distance between the two development zones？测量单句语法填空Education shouldnt be measured purely by/in examination results.In the old days, my mother always made new clothes to my own measure with the Spring Festival ing.系统归纳(1)be measured by/in用来衡量/计算(2)take measures/steps/action to do sth.采取措施做某事make . to sb.s measure 按某人的尺寸做重点强化易错处处防The new bridge under construction, measured twice as long as the old one, is due to be pleted next month.measuredmeasuring佳句时时写(2013重庆高考书面表达)它们的数量不足1 000只，因此我希望你们能采取一些有效措施来保护它们。The_number_of_them_is_less_than_1,000,_so_I_hope_you_can_take_some_effective_measures_to_protect_them.名师指津measure作名词表示“措施”时，常用其复数形式。作动词表示“有长/宽/高”时，为不及物动词，不用于被动语态和进行时态；若表示此意义的短语作后置定语时，要用现在分词形式。6range n(变动)范围，幅度；一系列；分类；射程；山脉vt.& vi.(在一定范围内)变化；包括；排列，排序自主体验写出下列句中range的含义The houses are sold out within this price range.范围Between Italy and France, there is a mountain range called the Alps.山脉The temperature of this city ranges from 0to 30. (在一定范围内)变化The pany manufactures a range of innovative lightweight cycles.一系列These missiles have a range of 300 miles.射程单句语法填空When driving on expressways, the driver must control his or her speed within/in range of 60km/h and 120km/h.The price of the house is so high that it is well beyond our range.完成句子I have_a_wide_range_of_hobbies (爱好广泛), including reading, keeping a diary, playing balls with friends and so on.系统归纳(1)in/within range (of sth.) 在(的)范围内beyond/out of range (of sth.) 在(的)范围外a range of 一系列的(2)range from . to . range between . and .在和范围内变化重点强化易错处处防Our university offers different kinds of courses ranged from cookery to puting. rangedranging佳句时时写(2013辽宁高考书面表达)除了这些传统活动，我们还有更广泛的选择，例如旅行和拜访我们的亲戚或朋友。In_addition_to_these_traditional_activities,_we_have_a_wider_range_of_choices_such_as_travelling_and_visiting_our_relatives_or_friends.7appreciate vt.欣赏，赞赏；感谢；领会，理解自主体验单句语法填空Wed appreciate your leaving (leave) as fast as possible.I really appreciate it if you could give me such an opportunity to show my talent.Here I sincerely express my appreciation (appreciate) if you could help find the lost suitcase.系统归纳(1)appreciaten./pron./v.ing 欣赏/感激I would appreciate it if . 假如，我将不胜感激(2)appreciation n. 欣赏；感激重点强化易错处处防I would appreciate very much if you could check the contents and format for me. appreciate后加it佳句时时写(2017全国卷书面表达)如果你能在方便时尽快回复我的信件我将不胜感激。Ill_appreciate_it_if_you_can_reply_to_my_letter_at_your_earliest_convenience.名师指津(1)appreciate表示“感激”时，后面跟动词ing形式作宾语；appreciate后的宾语可以是sth.或形式宾语it，但不跟sb.作宾语，如果表示“感激某人”则用thank sb.。(2)当appreciate, hate, dislike, love, like, depend/rely on等后接宾语从句时，一般先加it，再接宾语从句。8particular adj.专指的，特指的；特别的；讲究的，挑剔的自主体验单句语法填空It was a good concert I enjoyed the last song in particular.Steve was in a particularly (particular) bad mood when he got back.Mary is going on a diet, so she is very particular about_food.系统归纳(1)be particular about对讲究/挑剔in particular 尤其，特别(2)particularly adv. 尤其，特别重点强化易错处处防As you mentioned that you are particular keen on traditional magical novels with superb fantasy, I do remend Journey to the West to you.particularparticularly佳句时时写(2009广东高考书面表达)他特别提醒我们，如何握笔也与近视有关。He_reminded_us_in_particular_that_how_to_hold_a_pen_is_also_related_to_shortsightedness.9absorb vt.吸收(气体、液体、热、光等)；使全神贯注；理解自主体验写出下列句中absorb的含义This work had absorbed him for several years, and finally he won a good reputation for his work.使全神贯注Plants absorb carbon dioxide from the air and moisture from the soil.吸收单句语法填空This kind of cream is easily absorbed into skin, which is a good seller this year.Absorbed (absorb) in his work, he didnt hear what I said.The novel was so absorbing (absorb) that she read on without a break.系统归纳(1)absorb/attract/draw ones attention吸引某人的注意absorb . into . 把吸收进absorb oneself in . 全神贯注于(2)absorbed adj. 全神贯注的(be/get) absorbed in (doing) sth. 全神贯注于absorbing adj. 十分吸引人的，引人入胜的重点强化僻义牢牢记Theres a lot of information to absorb all at once.理解，掌握佳句时时写(2015福建高考书面表达)一缕微弱的光线从墙上的小孔中透过来，他正在专心致志地读书。A_weak_ray_of_light_came_in_through_a_small_hole_in_the_wall_and_he_absorbed_himself_in/was_absorbed_in_his_reading.名师指津be absorbed in (doing) sth.结构在句中作状语、定语时，常用其过去分词形式absorbed in .。用法类似的还有：be lost in .陷入；专心致志于be caught/trapped in . 被困在be buried in . 埋头于be devoted to . 致力于；专心于be occupied in . 忙于be involved in . 专注于1cut back on 减少，削减，缩减系统归纳cut across/through 抄近路穿过cut in 插嘴，打断(谈话)cut off 切断(供应)，中断(电话通话等)；断绝cut down 砍倒，削减，裁小cut up 切碎重点强化用法条条清(选用上述短语填空)We cut_back_on spending, which meant learning a whole new way of living.It is impolite of children to cut_in when their seniors are talking.The water supply has been cut_off temporarily because the workers are repairing one of the main pipes.Many big trees along the road have been cut_down for building houses, many of the branches of which have been cut_up for firewood.佳句时时写(2013江苏高考书面表达)应立即采取行动，例如停止砍伐树木以改善环境。Immediate_actions_should_be_taken,_like_stopping_cutting_down_trees_to_better_the_environment.2run out (of)用完，耗尽系统归纳run into 撞进；遭遇；达到run across 偶然遇到；穿过run after 追求；追赶，追逐run away 逃离；突然离开run for 竞选；赶快去请重点强化用法条条清(选用上述短语填空)The taxi ran_into the bike and the man on the bike was thrown off.We have already run_out_of money and I dont know what to do next.I ran_across an old friend of mine in the street, whom I havent seen for years.The sudden appearance of a policeman caused the thief to run_away.If you run_after two hares, youll catch neither.佳句时时写(2013天津高考书面表达)今天我很高兴有机会竞选英语俱乐部的副主席。Today_I_am_very_glad_to_have_the_chance_to_run_for_the_vice_president_of_the_English_Club.名师指津run out ofuse up表主动意义，主语一般是人；run outbe used up表被动意义，主语通常是物。3pick out 找出，挑选；辨认出，区分；领会，弄明白自主体验写出下列句中pick out的含义She was picked out from dozens of applicants for the job.挑选There were so many people at the conference that I couldnt pick him out.辨认出Having read the passage many times, I finally picked out its main idea.领会系统归纳pick up 拿起，捡起；收拾，整理；(偶然)学会；用车接；收听到；好转；感染pick ones pocket扒窃；掏包重点强化用法条条清(完成句子)My friend began to pick_up after staying in hospital for several days.在医院待了几天后，我的朋友开始好转。On the way home, he_found_his_pocket_picked.在回家的路上，他发现他的钱包被扒窃了。易错对对碰(pick up/pick out)He picked_up some French while he was away on a business trip in Paris.He looked at the photo and picked_out the face of his old friend.佳句时时写(2013全国卷书面表达)我在想你是否能去机场接他。I_am_wondering_whether_you_can_pick_him_up_at_the_airport.4it作形式宾语教材原句I liked it when you told that joke.自主体验We dislike/hate_it that you have to leave us.我们不愿意让你离开我们。I dont like_it_when the weather gets really cold.当天气变得太冷的时候我就不喜欢了。I prefer_it_that you dont talk with your mouth full.我宁愿你不要嘴里塞满食物时说话。归纳点拨用法规则在表示喜爱、憎恶之类的动词后面常常不直接加宾语从句，而要先接形式宾语it，然后再接真正的宾语从句，这样的动词有appreciate, enjoy, like, dislike, love, hate, prefer等。注意事项一些动词短语后面也常用it作形式宾语，然后接真正的宾语从句，常见的动词短语有：depend on, rely on, see to (确保)等。佳句背诵(增分要点句)(2018全国卷写作佳句)The host will like it if you have learned to use chopsticks.(精彩收尾句)(2018天津高考满分作文)I would appreciate it if you could give us some advice on how to improve our robots.单词拼写1I appreciated (欣赏) your generosity in the matter.2The government has announced a package of measures (措施) to help the British film industry.3Toy sales peaked just before Christmas and now are decreasing (减少)4There are, of course, questions which she will not be willing (愿意) to answer.5Imbalance in global development has widened.International and local conflicts (冲突) keep breaking out.6The trees on the mountains within my range (范围) of vision had all been felled.7He is very particular (挑剔的) about the materials for the decoration.8We debated (辩论) for several hours on it before taking a vote.9If we learn to recycle (回收利用) materials, our natural resources will last longer.10This medicine is poisonous if taken in large quantities (数量)11She gets so absorbed (全神贯注的) in doing something that she is unaware of things happening round her.12Since the new management system was put into effect, the production (产量) of this factory has increased greatly.13The court feels it has a responsibility (责任) to ensure that customers are not misled.14Land may not be sold, leased, mortgaged (抵押) or illegally (非法地) transferred by any other means.15I had always impressed (使印象深刻) upon the children that if they worked hard they would succeed in life.单句语法填空1My brother has a firm belief in the value of cold bath.2Under the good care of the nurses, the boy is gradually recovering from his heart operation (operate)3The exchange program between the UK and China may affect various schools ranging (range) from kindergartens to high schools.4Id appreciate it if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will e.5Please sum up very briefly and then well open the floor for questions and answers.6She loves the song in particular, because her mother used to sing it.7Production (product) of puters has increased double in the last few weeks.8One of the questions under debate over education in many colleges is whether education is a lifetime study.9Some countries have decided to cut back on the number of army, which surprises the world.10This picture was taken twenty years ago. I wonder if you can pick out my younger brother.11In the future, care for the environment will bee very important as earths natural resources run out.单句改错1I hold the firm belief only when everybody makes an effort can our society be warmer and more harmonious.belief后加that2The classroom measured 30 feet long and 20 feet wide is used as a shelter for the survivors.measuredmeasuring3Absorbing in his writing, the writer forgot to flick the ashes from his cigar. AbsorbingAbsorbed4Large quantities of sand was washed down the hillside by the rain.waswere 5Their account of the event was in the conflict with ours.去掉第二个the6The doctor operated the patient at once and saved his life.operated后加on7Food supplies in the floodstricken area are running out of.We must act immediately before theres none left.去掉of8I really appreciate work with someone who does such a good job.workworking9The earlier you set about your work, the soon you will finish it.soonsooner10I am pleased with the results, and one for particular I reckon is as good as I can do.forin.完成句子1He feels that the media should_be_more_responsible_for what they report.他觉得媒体应该对他们报道的内容更负责任些。2I_dislike_it_when I am left alone to start a conversation with a stran
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