2018秋高中英语 Unit 5 First aid同步练习 新人教版必修5.doc

Unit 5 First aid话题诵读 日积月累导语在别人发生危险时，我们会尽量去进行急救。但是你知道进行急救应该注意哪些问题吗？Never try and reset(重新安装)a broken bone.Remember，this is first aidif you are doing this，you are preparing a patient for transport.Unless you are 110% sure of what you are doing，resetting a broken bone runs a strong risk of making things worse.It is dangerous to give aspirin(阿司匹林)to anyone under the age of 16 as it can cause potential damage to the brain and liver before this age.Never，ever put yourself in danger！As much as this seems to lack passion，remember that being a hero，in this case，means nothing if you e back dead.If you arent sure what to do，leave it to the professionals.If its not a life-critical injury，doing the wrong thing can endanger the patient.See the note about training，up above in tips.Do not move the person.It could harm them even more；unless they are in immediate danger.Wait for the ambulance to arrive to take over treatment of the person.Do not touch someone who is being shocked by an electrical current.Turn off the power or use a piece of non-conductive material(eg，wood，dry rope，dry clothing)to separate him from the power source before touching him.Before touching a victim or offering any aid，get consent to treat！Check the laws in your area.If someone has a “Do not resuscitate(使复苏)”order，respect it(only if you see proof)If the person is unconscious and at the risk of death or injury，without any known “Do not resuscitate”order，go ahead and treat by implied consent.词海拾贝1risk n&v.冒险2potential adj.潜在的3passion n同情4consent n同意，许可问题思考1Can an ordinary person reset a broken bone？Why?_2What should you do first to touch someone who is being shocked by an electrical current?_答案：1.No，he cant.Because resetting a broken bone may result in making things worse.2.Turn off the power or use a piece of non-conductive material to separate him from the power source.自主预习 步步提高词汇识记.为单词选择正确的释义1temporaryA液体2injury B温柔的；轻微的3liquid C暂时的；临时的4mild D绷带5electric shock E损伤；伤害6bandage F触电；电休克7symptom G典礼；仪式8ceremony H症状；征兆答案：1.C2.E3.A4.B5.F6.D7.H8.G.根据所给汉语提示写出单词1_n&vt.帮助；援助2_n皮；皮肤3_v(使)膨胀；隆起4_adj.生死攸关的；至关重要的5_adj.潮湿的6_adj.牢的；紧的7_n勇敢；勇气8_vt.&vi.涂；搽；应用；申请；请求答案：1.aid2.skin3.swell4.vital5.damp6.tight7.bravery8.apply.根据英语释义写出单词1_：a substance that causes death or harm if it is swallowed or absorbed into the body2_：a physical object that keeps two areas，people，etc.apart3_：consisting of many different parts and often difficult to understand4_：to press something firmly together with your fingers or hands5_：to make a liquid or other substance flow out of or into a container by holding it at an angle6_：to lose blood7_：a lot of things of the same type that are different from each other in some way8_：to be unable to breathe properly because something is in your throat or there is not enough air答案：1.poison2.barrier3.plex4.squeeze5.pour6.bleed7.variety8.choke.选用短语的适当形式填空first aid；fall ill；electric shock；squeeze out；stick to；over and over again；in place；pour out1Could you please _ one room for me?2He might _ or meet with some other disasters，so it was always better to be prepared.3He got burnt so badly that his clothes _ his skin.4I warned him _ not to go there at night.5My son likes everything _ before starting to do his homework.6Students were _ when the accident happened.答案：1.squeeze out2.fall ill3.stuck to4.over and over again5.in place6.pouring out.领会句子所用的句型并译成汉语1Often the illness or injury is not serious，but there are other_times_when_giving_first_aid_quickly_can_save_lives._2If_possible，discuss what kind of first aid you should give in these situations._3So as you can imagine，if your skin gets_burned it can be very serious._4There are three types of burns.Burns are called first，second or third degree burns，depending_on_which_layers_ _of_the_ _skin _are_burned._5Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn._答案：1.这种病或伤害通常不严重，但有一些时候，迅速急救会挽救人的性命。2如果可能，讨论一下在这些情形下你应该实施什么形式的急救。3因此你可以想象得到，如果你的皮肤烧伤了就可能非常严重。4根据皮肤烧伤的程度而有一度烧伤、二度烧伤和三度烧伤。5除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。语篇理解课文表层理解.判断正(T)误(F)1The skin is the largest organ of your body.()2First aid should only be given by a professional person.()3There are three types of burns.()4Remove clothing using scissors if it is stuck to the burn.()答案：1.T2.F3.T4.F.根据课文内容回答问题1How many layers does the skin consist of?_2What can cause burns?_3Why doesnt a third degree burn hurt?_4Whats the main idea of the text?_答案：1.Three layers.2Hot liquids，steam，fire，radiation，the sun，electricity，chemicals.3Because nerves can be damaged.4The burns and the first aid treatment.根据对文章的理解，试着将下面表格补充完整(每空一词)The impor- tance of the skinAn 1._ part of your body and its largest organ.Acting as a(n) 2._ against disease，poisons and the suns harmful rays.Keeping you warm or cool.Preventing your body from 3._ too much water.Giving you your sense of 4._.BurnsCausesHot 5._，steam，fire，radiation，the sun，electricity or chemicals.Types and charact-eristicsFirst degree burnsDry，red and mildly swollenMildly painfulTurn white when 6._Second degree burnsRough，red and swollenBlisters7._ surfaceExtremely painfulThird degree burnsBlack and white and charred8._；often tissue under them can be seenLittle or no pain if nerves are 9._；may be pain around edges of injured areaBurnsFirst aid treatmentCool 10._ with cool but not icy water at once.Place cool，clean，wet cloths on the 11._ area over and over again for about an hour.Send the victim to the 12._ at once.If needed，take any possible measures.答案：1.essential2.barrier3.losing4.touch5.liquids6.pressed7.Watery8.Swollen9.damaged10.burns11.burned12.hospital/doctor课文深层理解.根据课文内容选择最佳选项1The largest organ of your body is the _AbrainBmouthCstomach Dskin2Which of the following is NOT the function of the skin according to the text?AIt protects you against disease，poisons and the suns harmful rays.BIt helps the heart beat.CIt can keep you warm or cool.DIt prevents your body from losing too much water and gives you the sense of touch.3What is the RIGHT treatment for the first degree burns?AGet the victim to the doctor or hospital.BPut butter，oil or ointments on burns as they dont keep the heat in the wounds and may decrease infection.CKeep cloths cool by putting them back in the cold water.DPlace cool，clean，wet cloths on them until the pain is not so bad.4If someone gets burned and his hands get black and white and charred，it belongs to _Afirst degree burns Bsecond degree burnsCthird degree burns Dnone of the above5The writer writes this passage mainly to tell us_Athe burns and the first aid treatmentBthe characteristics of burnsCthe function of the skinDhow to carry out the first aid for burns答案：1.D2.B3.D4.C5.A.根据课文内容回答下列问题1What are the functions of our skin?_2How many causes of burns can you name?_3Why should you put burns under gently running water for about 10 minutes?_4Why doesnt a third degree burn hurt?_5Why do you think clothes and jewelry near burns should be removed?_6How can you deal with second degree burns?_7If someone has a third degree burn，why might you see tissue?_答案：1.The skin acts as a barrier against disease，poisons and the sun rays.It keeps us warm or cool，prevents our body from losing too much water，offers us our senses of cold，heat，pain and touch.2There are a variety of causes，for example，we can get burned by hot liquids，steam，fire，radiation，the sun，electricity or chemicals.3The gently running water stops the burning process，stops the pain and prevents the pain from being unbearable and reduces swelling.4Because in a third degree burn the nerves have been damaged.If there are no nerves，there is no pain.5Because (if we do not take off the clothes and jewelry，) bacteria from them could infect the burns.6We can keep cloths cool by putting them back in a basin of cold water，squeezing them out and putting them on the burned area over and over again for about an hour until the pain is not so bad.7Because all layers of the skin have been burnt showing the tissue underneath.知识聚焦 讲练互动要点直击1aid nU帮助；援助；资助；救援物资C辅助用品vt.帮助；援助；资助(教材原句P33)First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found.急救就是在找到医生之前对突然生病或受伤的人提供的一种临时的救助。 归纳拓展(1)first aid急救in aid of. 为了帮助e to ones aid 帮助某人with the aid of. 在的帮助下(2)aid sb帮助某人做We can travel with the aid of a good map.我们可以靠着好的地图旅行。Whats this little handle in aid of?这个小把手有什么用？ 即学即练完成句子。He _ the poor _ money.他用钱帮助穷人。They _ the problem.他们帮忙解决这个问题。介词填空。He was too busy to e _ my aid.They are collecting money _ aid of rare-earth research._ the aid of a pass the traveler can find his bearings(方位)Thank you for aiding me _ the work.答案：aidedwithaided in solvingtoinWithwith2variety nC，U变化；多样(化)；多变(性)(教材原句P34)You can get burned by a variety of things：hot liquids，steam，fire，radiation(by being close to high heat or fire，etc)，the sun，electricity or chemicals.你可能由于各种原因而被烧伤：灼热的液体、水蒸气、火、辐射(由于靠近高温或大火等)、阳光、电或化学物品。 归纳拓展(1)a variety ofvarieties of各种各样的(2)various adj.a variety of/varieties of各种各样的；不同种类的(3)vary vt.&vi.变化；使多样化vary with.随而变化vary from.to.从到不等；在到之间变动The library provides us students with a wide variety of books.图书馆为我们学生提供各种各样的书籍。It must be difficult to play various personas in the same movie.在同一个电影中扮演不同的角色肯定不容易。 即学即练用vary/variety/various填空或完成句子。There are wide _ of flowers in the park.As in China，the climate in Canada _ from area to area.He has collected a large number of coins of _ shapes and colours.The garden offers _ attractions.这花园有各种各样的景观。There are _ of cooking rice.做米饭有各种不同的方法。His mood _他的情绪每天都有变化。答案：varietiesvariesvariousa variety ofvarious waysvaries from day to day3take off脱下；拿掉；起飞；离开；取消(教材原句P34)Take off other clothing and jewellery near the burn.取掉靠近烧伤面的其他衣物和首饰。 归纳拓展take after追赶take along带去take around带领四处 take away拿走take back带回；归还 take up占用；从事take in欺骗；吸收 take on雇用；呈现take out带出；除去 take over继承；接管学法点拨take off表示“起飞”时，可用一般现在时态表示将来。The plane takes off at 7：00.飞机7点起飞。take off表示“起飞”时，其反义词为land；表示“脱掉，取下”时，反义词组为put on。同学们记忆单词、短语时要多采用联想记忆法，多想想它们的同义词、反义词、形似词等，然后加以比较，这样记忆才深刻。(1)However hot it is，he will not take off his coat.无论多热，他都不会脱掉外套。(2)The plane took off an hour late.飞机起飞晚了1小时。(3)The show was taken off because of poor audience figures.该剧因不卖座(观众数量可怜)而停演了。 即学即练单句语法填空(每空1词)。When the delayed flight will take _ depends much on the weather.I asked you not to put hot cups on the piano.Take them _ at once，please!He took _ the telephone receiver and began to dial.The old factory has taken _ a new look since Chinas reform and opening up.答案：offoff/awayupon4in place在适当的位置；恰当(教材原句P35)Hold the bandage in place with tape.用胶布把绷带固定。 归纳拓展out of place不合适；不在适当的位置in ones place代替某人in place of代替take the place of代替take place发生in the first place首先；起初；第一；本来take ones place就位；就职；代替某人Im afraid your proposal is not quite in place.恐怕你的提议不太恰当。 即学即练完成句子。Her dress was out _ place at the ceremony.她的服装不适合在典礼上穿。We can use plastics _ place of wood or metal.我们可以用塑料来代替木材或金属。Ill take the place of my colleague on a temporary assignment.Ill _ on a temporary assignment.我将代替我同事去执行一项临时任务。I still dont understand why you chose that name _我仍不明白你起初为什么取了那个名字。答案：ofintake my colleagues placein the first place5vital adj.至关重要的；生死攸关的(教材原句P35)If the injuries are second or third degree burns，it is vital to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.如果属于二度或三度烧伤，就必须立即把患者送去看医生或送往医院。 归纳拓展vital adj.至关重要的；生死攸关的be vital to/for.对是至关重要的It is vital to do.做很重要It is vital that.是十分重要的(从句中的谓语动词用“should动词原形”，should可省略)(1)This matter is of vital importance to us.这件事对我们来说至关重要。(2)They have made some vital decisions about their future.他们已对将来做出了一些重要决定。(3)Consideration for other people is vital to all of us.对我们所有人而言体谅他人是极其重要的。学法点拨It is vital that.句式中，that从句需用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“(should)动词原形”。类似的句式还有：It is necessary/natural/ important/ strange/essential that. 即学即练完成句子。Perseverance is vital _ success.毅力对于成功来说是至关重要的。His support is vital _ our project.他的支持对我们的计划是至关重要的。_ to the injured man.对这位伤者实施急救是至关重要的。_ the operation immediately.我们应立刻开始手术，因为这生死攸关。答案：toforIt was vital to give first aidIts vital that we(should)carry out应用落实.单句改错每句中有1处错误，找出并改正。1The boss squeezed the last drop of blood out the worker._2John hasnt recovered yet since he fall ill last week._3My headteacher has told me over and over again not to get addicted puter games._4Youd better put things back in the place.Otherwise，it will be difficult to find things._5The hall，which is often the case，bees very crowded._6It is no doubt that China is playing a more and more important part in the world._答案：1.out后加of或out改为from2.fall改为fell3.addicted后加to4.去掉the5.which改为as6.It改为There.单句语法填空在每句空白处填上合适的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。1There are _(various)of flowers shown in the park and _(various)people go to have a look.2They _(poison)the _(poison)snake by using a special kind of powder.3The famous _(electricity)engineer always repairs _(electricity)machines for the factory.4My toothache is _(bear)，so I must go to see the dentist.5He _(honour)with an award for excellence in teaching.6He won a medal for his _(brave)in the battle，which was admirable and unforgettable.7The nurse applied _(press)to his arm to stop the bleeding.8Though _(surround)，the soldiers didnt give up.9Having checked the doors were closed，and _ all the lights were off，the boy opened the door to his bedroom.10It is in this office _ they will have a meeting tomorrow.答案：1.varietiesvarious2.poisonedpoisonous3.electricalelectric4.unbearable5.was honoured6.bravery7.pressure8.surrounded9.that10.that.语篇语法填空熟读课文，然后在下文每个空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。The skin is an essential part of your body and 1._ largest organ.You have three layers of skin which act as a barrier 2._ disease，poisons and the suns harmful rays.3._ you can imagine，if your skin gets burned it can be very serious.First aid is 4._ very important first step in the 5._(treat) of burns.Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it 6._ (stick) to the burn.Cool burns immediately with cool but not icy water.It is best to place burns under gently 7._ (run) water for about 10 minutes.For first degree burns，place cool，clean，wet cloths on them until the pain is not so bad.For second degree burns，keep cloths cool 8._ putting them back in a basin of cold water，squeezing them out and placing them on the 9._ (burn) area over and over again for about an hour 10._the pain is not so bad.答案：1.its2.against3.As4.a5.treatment6.is stuck7.running8.by9.burned10.until语法突破 触类旁通语法精讲省略例句观察观察下列从Reading中选取的句子，体会句中省略的部分。The skin is an essential part of your body and(it is)its largest organ.There are three types of burns.Burns are called first(degree burns)，second (degree burns) or third degree burns.Examples include mild sunburn and burns(which are) caused by touching a hot pan，stove or iron for a moment.These burns are serious and(these burns)take a few weeks to heal.Remove clothing using scissors if(it is)necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.If burns are on arms or legs，keep them higher than the heart，if(it is)possible.自我总结在以上句中，为了避免重复，保持句子简洁，括号部分都可_，这样的句子叫_。答案：省略省略句归纳用法一、省略的定义省略是一种避免重复、保持句子简洁的语法现象。凡是缺少一个或一个以上的必要语言成分，在一定语境中能够独立存在，意义明确，并且能发挥交际功能的句子就是省略句。一般说来，只要不破坏语法结构或者引起歧义，能省略的就应省略。省略不仅使句子结构显得紧凑，而且也是分句和分句之间的承接纽带。二、省略的用法1并列句中的省略。一般说来，在后一并列句中凡是与上文相同的成分通常都可省略。My room is on the fifth floor，and hers(is)on the eighth(floor)我的房间在五楼，而她的在八楼。I came at eight but Henry(came)at nine.我8点来的，但亨利是在9点来的。2复合句中的省略。(1)定语从句。如果关系代词在定语从句中作宾语，这个关系代词可以省略。Here is the man(whom)youve been looking for.这位就是你一直在找的人。Hes the man(who/that)you can safely depend on.他是你能放心信赖的人。(2)状语从句。当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且状语从句中含有be动词时，省略状语从句中的主语和be动词。When(the novel is)published，the novel will bee one of the best sellers of the year.那本小说出版的时候就会成为当年的畅销书之一。Although(he was) hard-working，he couldnt earn enough to support himself.尽管努力工作，他的收入还是不够自己糊口。(3)宾语从句。引导宾语从句的that一般情况下，可以省略。若that后面的宾语从句较长或在其他一些特殊情况下，that不能省略。I hope(that)youll be fine soon.我希望你尽快康复。Now scientists warn that if not under control，the unseen energy waves，“electric smog”，may be hazardous to our health.现在科学家警告说，有一种肉眼看不到的能量波，即“电子烟尘”，如果不加以控制，就可能危害人类的健康。(4)主省略句。有时整个主句都可省略，只剩下一个从句。这种省略现象通常出现在简短答语中。A：You all like the story?B：Yes，except that the conclusion is too hasty.A：你们都喜欢这个故事？B：是的，只是结尾太仓促。3虚拟语气中的省略。(1)虚拟条件句常省略if，而将were，had，should提前构成部分倒装。Had you e here yesterday，you would have met her.如果你昨天来这儿的话，你就会见到她了。(2)在一坚持(insist)，二命令(order，mand)，三建议(suggest，propose，advise)，四要求(demand，require，request，ask)等后的宾语从句中，含这些词的派生词的其他主语从句、同位语从句、表语从句，以及It is strange/natural/necessary/important that.从句中常省略should。We insisted that they(should)go with us.我们坚决要求