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Unit 1 A land of diversity一、刷黑板.阅读词汇(英译汉)第一屏听写1strait n海峡2Arctic adj. 北极的；北极区的3the Arctic 北极4ministry n. (政府的)部；(全体)牧师；牧师的职责5federal adj. 联邦制的；联邦政府的 第二屏听写6nephew n 侄子；外甥7aircraft n. 飞行器；航空器；飞机8vice n& adj. 代理；副职9shave vt.&vi. 刮；剃10tram n. (有轨)电车11bakery n. 面包房；面包厂 第三屏听写12ferry n渡船；渡口vt. 摆渡；渡运13seagull n. 海鸥14cattle n. 牛(总称)15mourn vt.&vi. 哀悼；悼念；表示悲痛16authority n. 权威；权力(pl.) 当局；官方 .高频词汇(汉译英)第四屏听写1distinct adj. 清晰的；明显的；明确的2distinction_ n. 差别；区分；卓著3immigrant n. (从外国移入的)移民4immigrate vi. 移入(外国定居)5immigration n. 移民；移居入境6means_ n. 手段；方法7majority_ n. 大多数；大半 第五屏听写8despite prep.尽管；不管9hardship n. 苦难；困苦10elect vt. 选择；决定做某事；选举某人11boom n. (人口、贸易的)繁荣vi. 处于经济迅速发展时期12racial adj. 人种的；种族的13crossing n. 横渡；横越；十字路口；人行横道 第六屏听写14rail n 铁路；扶手；(护栏的)横条15percentage n. 百分比；百分率16pole n. 地极；电极；磁极17applicant n. 申请人18customs n. 海关；关税；进口税19socialist n. 社会主义者；社会党人adj. 社会主义者的 第七屏听写20socialism n社会主义21occur vi. 发生；出现22indicate vt. 指出；标示；表明；暗示23luggage n. 行李(美baggage)24apparent adj. 显而易见的；显然的；表面上的25apparently adv. 显然地；显而易见地26brake n. 闸；刹车；制动器vi.&vt. 刹(车)；用制动器减速 第八屏听写27conductor n(公车)售票员；列车员；(乐队)指挥28slip vi. 滑动；滑行；滑跤n. 滑动；滑倒29hire vt.& n. 租用；雇用30fascinating adj. 迷人的；吸引人的31angle n. 角；角度32nowhere adv. 无处；到处都无 第九屏听写33punishment n 处罚；惩罚34justice n. 正义；公平35civil adj. 公民的；国内的；民间的36reform vt.&vi. 改革；革新n. 改革；改造；改良37grasp vt.& n. 抓住；抓紧；掌握；领会38thoughtful adj. 关切的；体贴的；深思的 第十屏听写39insert vt.插入；嵌入40thankful adj. 感激的；感谢的41a_great/good_many 许多；很多42keep_up 坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等)43live_on 继续存在；继续生存44by_means_of_. 用办法；借助 第十一屏听写45make_a_life 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等46back_to_back 背靠背47apply_for 申请；请示得到48mark_out 用线画出范围；标出界线49take_in 包括；吸收50team_up_with 与合作或一起工作二、刷清单(一)核心单词阅读单词1.strait n海峡2Arctic adj. 北极的；北极区的3ministry n. (政府的)部；(全体)牧师；牧师的职责4shave v. 刮；剃5vice n& adj. 代理；副职6.federal adj.联邦制的；联邦政府的7aircraft n. 飞行器；航空器；飞机8nephew n. 侄子；外甥9tram n. (有轨)电车10cattle n. 牛(总称)11bakery n. 面包房；面包厂12.ferry n 渡船；渡口vt. 摆渡；渡运13seagull n. 海鸥14mourn v. 哀悼；悼念；表示悲痛15authority n. 权威；权力(pl.) 当局；官方表达单词1.rail n铁路；扶手；(护栏的)横条2hardship n. 苦难；困苦3occur vi. 发生；出现4luggage n. 行李(美baggage)5thankful adj. 感激的；感谢的6boom n. (人口、贸易的)繁荣vi. 处于经济迅速发展时期7angle n. 角；角度8civil adj. 公民的；国内的；民间的9hire vt.& n. 租用；雇用10grasp vt.& n. 抓住；抓紧；掌握；领会11thoughtful adj. 关切的；体贴的；深思的12reform v. 改革；革新 n. 改革；改造；改良13despite prep. 尽管；不管14nowhere adv. 无处；到处都无15brake n. 闸；刹车；制动器v. 刹(车)；用制动器减速16pole n. 地极；电极；磁极17fascinating adj. 迷人的；吸引人的18justice n. 正义；公平19insert vt. 嵌入；插入语境活用1I was really upset to find that such a thing should have occurred_ (发生) in your shop.2As hiring (雇佣) has bee more global, both for employers and candidates, video interviewing is a way to speed up the interview process.3In the meantime, mobile online shopping market was booming_(繁荣) in China, with an annual growth rate of 63.5%.4Reforming (改革) the education system will be a difficult procedure.5Whenever it is, we should keep a thankful (感激的) heart towards everything existed.6Despite_ (尽管) his frequent absence, Bruce managed to keep up with his studies.7Grasp (抓住) the main idea of the text, and you will be able to answer the question.8Its thoughtful (体贴的) of Suzy to plan everything well before the event.9A strong man will bear hardship (困苦) without plaining.拓展单词1.distinct adj.清晰的；明显的；明确的distinction n差别；区分；卓著2immigrate vi.移入(外国定居)immigrant n(从外国移入的)移民 immigration n移民；移居入境3means n方法；手段 mean_ v意思是；意味着 adj.吝啬的；卑鄙的meaning n意思4majority n大多数；大半major adj.主要的 vi.主修 n专业minority n少数5elect vt.选择；决定做某事；选举某人election n选举6percentage n百分比；百分率percent_ adj.百分之的7racial adj.人种的；种族的race n种族；竞争8crossing n横渡；横越；十字路口；人行横道cross n十字；交叉 adj.交叉的；生气的 v使交叉；横过across prep.在的对面(过)9applicant n申请人apply vi.申请application n申请书；申请10customs n海关；关税；进口税customer n顾客11socialist n社会主义者；社会党人 adj.社会主义者的_society n社会social adj.社会的socialism n社会主义12indicate vt.指出；标示；表明；暗示indication n迹象；标示indicator n指示器；指示信号13apparent adj.显而易见的；显然的；表面上的apparently adv.显然地；显而易见地14conductor n(公车)售票员；列车员；(乐队)指挥conduct v管理15slip vi.滑动；滑行；滑跤 n滑动；滑倒 slippery adj.滑的16punishment n惩罚；处罚punish vt.惩罚；处罚语境活用1What is the meaning of the sign on the bottle？ It_means “this side up”(mean)2Apparently,_she took no notice of the apparent mistakes in the accident.(apparent)3Though he failed many times in election,_he never lost heart and at last he was elected President of the USA.(elect)4He_indicated_that an indicator should give me some indications of how I did in the test.(indicate)5All the applicants can apply_in person or by letter and at the same time should hand in their applications before May 6th.(apply)6One of the major problems is that a majority of the graduates who major_in English find it difficult to find a good job.(majority)7“Walk across this street and turn left at the first crossing.” the boy told the lady.(cross)8If a customer wants to bring the goods he buys abroad back to inland, he has to pay some customs when he passes through the Customs.(custom)9Some socialists_believe that socialism will over time turn into what they see as a more advanced system with no state, money, or social classes.(society)(二)常用短语写准记牢语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)1.live_on继续存在；继续生存2mark_out 标出界线；用线画出范围3apply_for 申请；请示得到4take_in 包括；吸收；欺骗；理解5keep_up 坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等)6make_a_life 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等7back_to_back 背靠背8by_means_of_. 用办法；借助 9a_great/good_many 许多；很多10team_up_with 与合作或一起工作1.I would like to apply_for admission to the English Club of our school.2As senior students, it is important to keep_up a good state of mind.3A signal may be given by_means_of flags, lights, and guns.4If you team_up_with your classmates, you will surely get the same work done far better.5These teenagers dont know much of the world yet; thats why they are so easily taken_in.(三)经典句式原句背诵句式解构佳句仿写1.However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.然而，可能至少在15 000年前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亚了。it is likely that .“有可能”。对我们学生而言参观长城有可能是一次难忘的经历。It_is_likely_that a visit to the Great Wall for us students is an unforgettable experience.2.That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.那就是今天有超过40%的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的原因。That/This is why .“那/这就是的原因”。 那就是我认为长江这条旅游线路会是一个更好选择的原因。(2017北京高考书面表达)Thats_why_I_think the trip along the Yangtze will be a better choice.3.It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.人们认为，要不了多久，多种国籍的混合将会非常之大，以至于不可能存在一种明显的、主要的种族或文化群体，而只是多种族、多文化的混合体。Itbe过去分词that从句。人们认为不吃早饭的青少年不仅容易在课上睡觉而且也不能专心听课，这自然会导致他们在考试中的成绩不好。Its_believed_that_teenagers_without_having_breakfast_will_not_only_fall_asleep_easily_in_class,_but concentrate less on lessons, which of course, results in their bad performance in exam.一、过重点单词1majority n大多数；大半教材原句Of the first Spanish to go to California, the majority were religious men, whose ministry was to teach the Catholic religion to the natives. 在首批移居加州的西班牙人中，大部分是宗教人士，他们的职责是向原住民传授天主教。(1)a/the majority of .大多数in the/a majority 占多数(2)major n& v. 主修；专业major in 主修；以为专业(3)minority n. 少数 in the/a minority 占少数多角练透单句语法填空A majority of Africans are (be) forced to work for the Europeans.The majority of the land has_been_destroyed (destroy) so far.单句改错I hope to gain a bit more knowledge of gardening so that it can help me to major the gardening after attending college.major后加in补全句子The white are in_the_majority in Australia while the native people in_the_minority.在澳大利亚，白人占多数而土著人占少数。名师指津the majority of后接复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数；后接不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数；后接集合名词作主语时，若集合名词视为整体，则谓语动词用单数，若集合名词考虑个体，则谓语动词用复数。2elect vt.选择；决定做某事；选举某人教材原句By the time California elected to bee the thirtyfirst federal state of the USA in 1850, it was already a multicultural society.到1850年加利福尼亚成为美国第31个州的时候，它已经是一个有着多种文化的社会了。(1)elect sb. (as/to be)职位sb. be elected (as/to be)职位(职位前无冠词)(2)election n选举题点全练单句语法填空Besides, I have such a good mand of English that I am_elected (elect) as assistant to my English teacher.(2015陕西高考书面表达)If I am lucky enough to win the election (elect), the first thing I will do is to enrich our students afterclass activities.3occur vi.发生；出现经典例句It occurred to me that he might be interested in the problem we had discussed.我突然想起他也许对我们讨论过的那个问题感兴趣。sth. occurs to sb.某人突然想起某事It occurs to/strikes/hits sb. that .某人突然想起It occurs to sb. to do sth. 某人突然想起做某事多角练透单句语法填空A good idea occurred to me when I woke up this morning.句型转换It occurred to me that I should go to attend a meeting when I was about to go home.It occurred to me to_go to attend a meeting when I was about to go home.4hire n& vt.租用；雇用教材原句Teamed up with a couple from my hotel (Peter and Terri) and hired a car. 同酒店里的一对夫妻(彼得和泰莉)做伴，一起租了一辆小汽车。(1)on hire出租for hire 可供出租(2)hire sth. out (to sb.) 把租出去(给某人)题点全练单句语法填空There are many bicycles on hire in this area.There are three small boats available for hire.David used to hire his car out sometimes when he didnt need it himself.单句语法填空1When it es to education, the/a majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.2She became the first black woman to_be_elected (elect) to the Senate.3It never occurred to me that you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind.4With the tourist trade booming (boom), the residents of this area are paying more attention to the protection of nature.5The advertisement for engineers in the local paper attracted many applicants (apply)6The bell indicating (indicate) the end of the class rang, which interrupted our heated discussion.7Apparently (apparent), the iPods, if used properly, are helpful to our study, especially to our English listening.8Unluckily, she slipped_ (slip) and fell down from the upstairs.9Furthermore, punishment (punish) is by no means a wise choice to help them grow up mentally and physically.10A new law has been brought in to discourage racial (race) prejudice.单句改错1The majority of the students has passed their biology exam.hashave2Emerson would always take down new ideas that were occurred to him.去掉were3Father is thank to me for persuading him to give up smoking.thankthankful4We should grasp of every chance to open mouth and speak English.去掉of5In fact, I didnt realize its importance after I was elected the monitor of our class.去掉the6There are a lot of people in the park last Sunday. We had everywhere to take a rest, so we got tired.everywherenowhere7I took my driving license with me on holiday, in case I wanted to hire for a car.去掉for8With the boomed population, the petition is heating up for job hunters.boomedbooming.根据提示词补全句子1镇上的大多数人都积极地拥护为孩子们建造运动场的计划。(majority)The_majority_of_people_in_the_town_strongly_support the plan to build a playground for children.2她被选入乐队，不是因为她美丽，而是因为她有音乐天赋。(elect)She_was_elected_into_the_band not because she was beautiful but because she had a talent for music.3迈克尔有一天能成为班里的一名优秀生这样的情况一次也没有发生过。(occur)Not once did_it_occur_to_Michael_that he could one day bee a top student in his class. 4人类会为他们破坏森林的行为而受到处罚。(punish)The_human_beings_will_be_punished for their forestdestroying activities.二、过短语、句式1by means of通过；用办法；借助教材原句Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times. 科学家们认为这些迁居者通过一条史前时代曾经存在的大陆桥穿越北极地区的白令海峡到达美洲。by this means用这种方法by all means 当然可以；没问题by no means 决不；一点也不(放句首时，句子用部分倒装语序)多角练透单句语法填空Students build up their vocabularies by means of reading more.Only by this means is (be) it possible to persuade him out of smoking.单句改错Without knowledge, by no means we achieve our life goal.we前加can2make a life习惯于新的生活方式、工作等；谋生教材原句Some died or returned home, but most remained in California to make a life for themselves despite great hardship.有些人死了或回家了，但是大多数人留在加利福尼亚谋生，尽管困难重重。(1)make/earn a/ones living谋生(2)live/lead a .life 过着生活e (back) to life 苏醒；变得活跃；恢复生气bring .back to life 使苏醒过来；给活力多角练透单句语法填空She had to look for parttime babysitting jobs these years to_make (make) a living.同义替换Happy is the man who can make a living (make_a_life) by his hobby.补全句子When Alice came_to_life,_she did not know how long she had been lying there.当爱丽丝苏醒时，她不知道她已经在那儿躺了多久。3take in包括；吸收；理解；欺骗；收留教材原句Its a 79km roundtrip that takes in all the famous tourist spots.这是一次往返79公里的旅行，它涵盖了所有著名的旅游景点。一词多义写出下列句中take in的含义The farmer took in the lost travelers for the night.收留While reading popular science books, we can take in more basic knowledge.吸收The United Kingdom takes in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.包括Lacking necessary social experience, teenagers tend to be taken in by cheaters.欺骗Before you translate a sentence, you should first take in the meaning of the words.理解归纳拓展take off脱去(衣服等)；(飞机等)起飞；成功take on 呈现；雇用；承担take up 拿起；开始从事；占据(时间、空间等)take over 接收；接管；接任；取代Our factory will take_on twenty more workers next month to increase output.为了增加产量，我们厂下个月将再雇用20名工人。4This/That is why .“这/那就是的原因”That_is_why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.那就是今天有超过40%的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的原因。this/that is because .这/那是因为this is the reason why . 这就是的原因the reason why .is that . 的原因是(why引导的是定语从句)the reason that . is . 的原因是(that引导的同位语从句)Thats why more and more people in China are interested in learning English.那就是越来越多的中国人对学英语感兴趣的原因。From space, the earth looks blue. This_is_because about seventyone percent of its surface is covered by water.(2013安徽高考单选)从太空中看，地球是蓝色的。这是因为它表面约百分之七十一都被水覆盖着。The reason why he has had such a success is that he never gives up.他取得那么大的成功的原因是他从不放弃。.根据语境选用合适的短语填空1The site of the new chemical fertilizer plant has been marked_out.2It_occurs_to me that my friend Tom has a similar experience.3By_means_of the Internet, we can keep in touch by sending emails.4In ancient times, many people depended_on horses for transportation.5Mr. Brown sent an email to the manager, applying_for_ a job in the pany.6John preferred to go into business alone rather than team_up_with anyone else.7It is honorable to make_a_life with your hands while depending on others is a shame.8After seeing a_great_many homeless people in the streets, I thought I should do something for them.9To keep_up good relationships with your teachers and classmates, you should learn to be on good terms with them.10Its said that nonsmokers who take_in the air polluted by tobacco smoke suffer more than the smokers themselves.句型转换1He is believed to play the piano for two hours every day. It_is_believed_that he plays the piano for two hours every day.2They are likely to be fired by the pany because of their fault.It_is_likely_that they will be fired by the pany because of their fault.3If you give more attention and instruction to the child, he is likely to grow into a musician.Given_more_attention_and_instruction,_the child is likely to grow into a musician.4The reason why Tom came late for the meeting was that he was trapped in a traffic jam.Tom was trapped in a traffic jam and thats_why_he_was_late_for the meeting.5We need to think about the words that we should say to the visitors.We need to think about what_we_should_say to the visitors.根据提示词和相关要求补全(或翻译)句子1人们认为没有什么人能够在那样的环境中生存下来。(it作形式主语的主语从句)It_is_believed_that_no_human_can_survive in the situation like that.2科学家们最终到达了所谓的北极。(what引导的宾语从句)The scientists finally arrived in what_was_called_the_Arctic. 3与整个地球相比，最大的海洋似乎一点也不大。(过去分词作状语)pared_with_the_size_of_the_whole_earth,_the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.4我获悉了你对英语校报的改革方案，那就是我写信发表观点的原因。(why引导的表语从句)I read about your reform of the school English newspaper, and thats_why_Im_writing_to_voice_my_opinion.5他们很可能更理解我们，给我们一些合理的建议。(be likely that .)It_is_likely_that_they_can_understand_us_better_and_give_us_some_reasonable_advice.三、过语法、写作(一)单元小语法复习名词性从句作主语、宾语和表语.单句语法填空1It is true that he has made a very important discovery in chemistry.2Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious what the problem itself is.3Whoever es will be wele to the openair concert.4Every day he goes to the library by bike except when_it rains.5I am afraid he is more of a talker than a doer, which is why he never finishes anything.6Clark is not sure whether Sharon will refuse his invitation.7He made it clear at the meeting that he wouldnt agree to the plan.8I read about it in some book or another, but what I dont know is which it is.9I failed in the exam.It is because I didnt prepare for it.10He said how he regretted the hours wasted in the woods and fields.单句改错1That he wants to tell us is not clear.ThatWhat2It is required students in this school should wear their uniform on weekdays.required后加that3Who es to the party will receive a present.WhoWhoever4The reason why Alan was late was because he missed the early bus.becausethat5It doesnt matter if or not Lydia will e.ifwhether6Id like to start my own business that is why Id do if had the money.whywhat7What his hair was turning grey worried him a bit. WhatThat8Nobody is sure that humans will look like in a million years.thatwhat.补全或翻译句子(注意使用名词性从句)1月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。Whether_there_is_life_on_the_moon_is_an_interesting_question.2我们决不能认为自己什么都好，别人什么都不好。We must never think (that)_we_are_good_in_everything while others are good in nothing.3他本希望以更低的价格得到那部手机。那就是他上当的原因。He had hoped to get the phone at a lower price. That was why_he_was_taken_in.4英语老师要求我们在读课文时画出我们认为重要的知识点。Our English teacher requires us to underline what_we_regard_as important points when we read the text. 5最让我印象深刻的是他首次尝试就通过了驾驶考试。What_impressed_me_most_was_that_he_passed_his_driving_test at the first attempt.(二)课堂微写作练缩写让语言更凝练题目要求假定你是李华，你的加拿大笔友Peter发来Email说，今年暑假，他想选择中国的某个村庄来体验乡村生活，希望你能介绍一个理想的地方。请把下面的习作缩写成100词左右的短文，给Peter发一封电子邮件，用英语介绍描述该村庄的具体地理位置，并简要介绍其历史和发展变化。注意保留加黑部分。Dear Peter，Im glad to know that you are going to visit a village of our country this summer holiday. Id like to introduce my hometown to you. I really wish you can enjoy it.My hometown lies in a mountainous area, and to the north of it is a high mountain which is famous for its green plants, fresh air and clear water. In the south of our village runs a small river, in which the water is so clean that we can see the reflected houses and green trees. There are many old and interesting houses and yards as well as some modern buildings in our village, and I think you will love it.Great changes have taken pla
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