黑龙江省大庆实验中学2019届高三英语上学期第一次月考试题.doc

黑龙江省大庆实验中学2019届高三英语上学期第一次月考试题说明：答题时间100分钟，总分120分。第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）AThe Origins of Famous Brands Our lives are full of brand names and trademarked products that we use every day. Although many brand names are simple acronyms (首字母缩略词) or versions of their founders names, some of the panies we trust every day actually have fascinating and surprising back stories.Starbucks It seems fitting that the most famous coffee brand in the world would take its name from one of the worlds greatest works of literature. The inspiration for the name of the coffeehouse came from Herman Melvilles Moby Dick. The founders original idea was to name the pany after the Captain Ahabs ship, but they eventually decided that Pequot wasnt a great name for coffee, so they chose Ahabs first mate, Starbucks, as the name instead. Google Google was originally called Backrub, for it searched for links in every corner of the Web. In 1997, when the founders of the pany were searching for a new name showing a huge amount of data for their rapidly improving search technology, a friend suggested the word “googol”. When a friend tried to register the new domain (域) name, he misspelled “googol” as “google”.Nike Originally founded as a distributor for Japanese running shoes, the pany was originally named BRS, or Blue Ribbon Sports. In 1971, BRS introduced its own soccer shoe, a model called Nike, which is also the name for the Greek goddess of victory. In 1978, the pany officially renamed itself as Nike, Inc.The right name is essential to a panys success, and a great origin story is just as important as a great product. An attractive origin story is one more thing that keeps customers guessing, wondering, and buying its products.1. What is the name of the Captain Ahabs ship? A. Moby Dick B. Starbucks C. Pequot D. Herman Melville 2. Why did the founders of the Google want to change its name? A. They mistook their name. B. They wanted new customers. C. The panys original name was too long. D. The panys search technology was improving rapidly.3. Where does the importance of the origin story of one pany lie in? A. It can change the panys image. B. It can add myth to the pany. C. It explains the development of the pany to customers.D. It makes customers imagine and purchase its goods. BI can still remember it as if it happened yesterday. I was a college freshman and had stayed up most of the night before laughing and talking with friends. Now just before my first class of the day my eyelids (眼皮) were feeling heavier and heavier and my head was drifting down to my desk to make my textbook a pillow. A few minutes nap time before class couldnt hurt, I thought. Boom! I lifted my head immediately and my eyes opened wider than saucers. I looked around with my heart beating quickly trying to find the cause of the noise. My young professor was looking back at me with a mischievous, boyish smile on his face. He had intentionally dropped the pile of textbooks he was carrying onto the desk. “Good morning!” he said, still smiling. “Im glad to see everyone is awake. Now lets get started.” For the next hour I wasnt sleepy at all. It wasnt from the shock of my professors textbook alarm clock either. Instead, it was from the attractive discussion he led. With knowledge and good humor, he made the material e alive. His lecturing was full of both wisdom and kindness. And the enthusiasm and joy that he taught with were contagious (有感染力的). I left the classroom not only wide awake, but a little smarter and a little better as well.I learned something far more important than not sleeping in class that day too. What Ive learned is that if you are going to do something in this life, do it well, do it with joy, and make it an expression of your love. What a glorious place this world would be if all of us did our job joyously and well! What a beautiful world we could create if every doctor, teacher, musician, cook, waitress, poet, miner, farmer, and laborer made their work an expression of their love! Dont sleepwalk your way through life then. Wake up! Let your love fill your work and your soul. Life is too short to live it badly. 4. What did the author want to do just before his first class of the day?A. Talk with his friends.B. Take a short sleep. C. Get his eyes examined. D. Stay away from the class. 5. The underlined word “mischievous” in Paragraph 2 probably means “ ”. A naughty B. serious C. sensitive D. dishonest 6. What else did the author learn that day? A. Students should not sleep in class but respect their teachers。 B. Everyone should love his job and sleepwalk his way through life. C. Life is too limited to make your work an expression of your love. D. People from all walks of life should do their job with wisdom and love. 7. What can be inferred from this passage? A. The professor often kept his students sharp by using a textbook alarm. B. The author was attracted by the professors great wisdom and enthusiasm. C. The author left the two-hour period not only wide awake, but a little smarter. D. Though the author was frightened awake, he was not clear-headed in the class. CIt is a familiar scene these days: employees taking newly laid-off co-workers out for a drink for fort. But which side deserves sympathy more, the jobless or the still employed? On March 6, researchers at a conference at the University of Cambridge suggested it was the latter. Brendan Burchell, a Cambridge sociologist, presented his analysis based on various surveys conducted across Europe. The data suggest that employed people who feel insecure in their jobs show similar levels of anxiety and depression as those who are unemployed. Although a newly jobless persons mental health may “bottom out” after about six months, and then may even begin to improve, the mental state of people who are continuously worried about losing their own job “just continues to get worse and worse”, Burchell says. Psychologists support this theory by arguing that human beings feel more stressed during times of insecurity because they sense an immediate but invisible threat. Patients have been known to experience higher levels of anxiety, for example, while waiting for examination results than knowing what they are suffering fromeven if the results are cancer. Its better to get the bad news and start doing something about it rather than wait with anxiety. When the uncertainty continues, people stay in a nonstop “fight or flight” response, which leads to damaging stress. But not every employee in insecure industries has such a discouraging view, Burchell says. In general, women get on better. While reporting higher levels of anxiety than men when directly questioned, women score lower in stress on the GHQ 12, even when they have a job they feel insecure about losing. As Burchell explains, “For women, most studies show that any jobit doesnt matter whether it is secure or insecuregives psychological improvement over unemployment.” He supposes that the difference in men is that they tend to feel pressure not only to be employed, but also to be the primary breadwinners, and that more of a mans self-worth depends on his job. 8. Why do researchers think the still employed deserve sympathy more? A. They have to do more work since then. B. They have no chance to find better jobs. C. They have to work with inexperienced workers. D. They constantly worry about losing their jobs. 9. What is most likely to cause a “fight or flight” response? A. Not having a paid job. B. Fierce petition for jobs. C. Not knowing what will happen. D. Pressure to work longer hours. 10. What will the writer talk about following the last paragraph? A. Advice on preparing for a job interview. B. Advice on handling pressure from insecure industries.C. Some knowledge of psychology. D. Difference in men and women. 11. What is the topic focused on by the author of the passage? A. Is it less stressful to get laid off than stay on? B. Should greater sympathy be given to the jobless? C. Do employees bear more stress than ever before? D. Do men or women show higher levels of anxiety? DEvery human being, no matter what he is doing, gives off body heat. The usual problem is how to get rid of it. But the designers of the Johnstown campus (校园) of the University of Pitsburgh (monly referred to as Pitt) set themselves the opposite problemhow to collect body heat. They have designed a collection system which uses not only body heat, but the heat given off by such objects as light bulbs and refrigerators as well. The system works so well that no fuel is needed to make the campuss six buildings fortable. Some parts of most modern buildingstheaters and offices as well as classrooms, are more sufficiently heated by people and lights and sometimes must be air-conditioned even in winter. The technique of saving heat and redistributing (重新分配) is called “heat recovery”. A few modern buildings recover heat, but the campuss system is the first to recover heat from buildings and reuse it in others. Along the way, Pitt has learned a great deal about some of its producers. The harder a student studies, the more heat his body gives off. Male students send out more heat than female students, and the larger a student is, the more heat he produces. We may conclude that the hottest prospect for the Johnstown campus would be a hard-working overweight male genius. 12. The heat in the heating system of the Johnstown campus is supplied . A. by human bodies B. by both human bodies and other heat-giving objectsC. by both human bodies and monly-used fuelsD. by human bodies, monly-used fuels and other heat-giving objects13. According to the passage, the technique of “heat recovery” is used . A. to find the producers of heat B. to provide heat for the hot water systemC. to make the campus more beautiful D. to collect heat and reuse it14. The underlined phrase “the hottest prospect” in Paragraph 3 refers to .A. the person who suffers most from heat B. the person who needs more heat than othersC. the person who gives off most heatD. the person who makes better use of heat15. Which of the following may be the best title for this passage? A. A New Heat Recovery System in PittB. Modern Buildings Heat SystemC. Body Heat and Its ProducersD. Ways of Heating Buildings 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项有两项为多余选项。In the digital age, copying someone elses words is easy, but getting caught copying is even easier. When Jake, a college professor, recently spoke at the convention (大会), he used some of the same words that some famous person had used at another convention in 2008. Within hours. news spread around the world with the claim that Jake had plagiarized (剽窃) others speech. Students and teachers at the university were shocked. 16 l What is plagiarism? 17 That person could also be called a “literary thief” or a “plagiarist”. l Why is plagiarism a serious problem? Its our own worst fear, to have which thing that we created stolen from us, and its the same as our words. That thing that we created is essential to who we are. 18 Academics are especially aware of the nature of plagiarism because their work is essentially the creation of ideas and putting them into words. l 19 One of the possible punishments for plagiarism at the university is dismissal (开除) from the school. Students may fail a course or be given a letter of censure (谴责) that stays on their school record. Professors or researchers who plagiarize may damage or end their careers. l Plagiarism is easy to find. Before the digital age we live in, plagiarizing was harder. You had to write out the words you copied. But now anything can be copied and pasted. In the past, teachers would have to work hard to prove that work was copied. 20 The plagiarism checking software programs used by many students and universities include Turnitin, Grammarly, Duplichecker, and iThenticate. Nobody is going to get away with it A. How to avoid plagiarism. B. Consequences of plagiarism. C. Stealing our words is as serious as stealing our children. D. Nowadays, some software programs will help you avoid plagiarism.E. Plagiarism is to copy other peoples written work without giving them credit. F. But nowadays, all you have to do is to run a paper through a plagiarism detection software. G. They learned from their early years in school that copying another writers words was wrong. 第二部分：语言知识运用（共三节，满分55分）第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。One morning, Oral Lee Brown stopped by a local grocery store to make her usual purchases. A little girl approached Brown to 21 a quarter (25分硬币) on this particular day. Because all she had was a $5 bill, Brown invited the little girl with her to the store to get some 22 . Inside the store, Brown told the little girl she could 23 anything she wanted. Instead of choosing candy or gums, which would have been the 24 choice for most kids, the little girl immediately ran for a loaf of bread. Brown asked the girl if she went to school. She 25 responded, “Sometimes,” as she shyly 26 Brown and quickly disappeared around the corner. That night, Brown couldnt sleep. She 27 she had to find the poor little girl. She went to the school the girl would most likely 28 , but in vain. 29 , she found many other similar children in less ideal conditions. Brown decided to “ 30 ” a class of 23 first-graders. She told them, “Stay in school, and Ill 31 you to college.” To achieve this 32 goal, Brown began saving money, 33 $10,000 per year from her $45.000 salary.From that day on, Brown did more than simply make a(n) 34 to the children; she became an active part of their lives, beginning with regular visits and parent meetings. Nineteen of the students were 35 to college and they all graduated from college in 2003 and 2004.Brown is now working on her sixth 36 of “adopted”students. More than 125 young people have benefited from her 37 . If it hadnt been for Brown, they would never have been given such a 38 opportunity for college education.With her life ambition found in the work of 39 others to achieve undreamed-of goals, Brown embodies (体现) the values of helping others and truly 40 how to pass the values on.21. A. apply for B. look forC. pay forD. ask for22. A. fruitB. foodC. drinkD. loan23. A. point outB. give outC. pick outD. find out24. A. rightB. vitalC. lastD. first25. A. quietlyB. loudlyC. proudly D. impatiently26. A. pushedB. touchedC. thankedD. greeted27. A. supposedB. hopedC. knewD. expected28. A. trainB. instructC. quitD. attend29. A. InsteadB. As a result C. ThereforeD. In addition30. A. followB. startC. teachD. adopt31. A. deliver B. sendC. walkD. collect32. A. greatB. easyC. impossibleD. simple33. A. putting asideB. putting down C. putting offD. putting back34. A. agreementB. decisionC. appointmentD. promise35. A. acceptedB. admitted C. takenD. brought36. A. termB. gradeC. classD. stage37. A. generosityB. exampleC. wisdomD. honesty38. A. ridiculousB. suitableC. valuableD. practical39. A. leadingB. persuadingC. tellingD. supporting40. A. realizesB. showsC. learnsD. understands 第二节 语法填空（共10题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Sometimes the targets we set 41 (us) are just too high. We think that we will be better people in the future. Just as we are easily taken over by the planning fallacy (谬见), 42 (believe) that we can plete a large project for work in an afternoon, we think in the future we will be better-organized and more self-disciplined. One of the most 43 (fame) examples of the planning fallacy is that of the Oxford English Dictionary. In 1860 plans were in place to plete it within three years. In 1879 there was a new deal to publish in within a decade, 44 after five years they only got so far 45 the word “ant”. It was finally pleted in 1928, by 46 time it was considered out of date and revisions began at once. The same thing happens when it es to 47 (change) our lifestyles. We read about a new idea and that optimism fires up all over again. At the University of Toronto Janet Polivy has been studying what she calls “false hope syndrome”.She found that people set themselves unrealistic targets which they undoubtedly failed to reach, leaving them feeling even 48 (bad) about themselves. Some of the students she studied 49 (try) and failed for 10 years to make the same change in their lives, but each year they 50 (convince) that this time it would work.第三部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节：短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同学写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（）,并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Last month, I, together with my parents, were invited to my uncle in the USA. My uncle, who moved America when I was five, has been living there for nearly ten years. He meets us at the airport. I was excited while I set foot on the land of America. In the following days, my parents and I visited some places of interests and took photos in the front of the Statue of Liberty. We both enjoyed visiting the Museum of National History because it great enriched our knowledge. For me, this is one of the most amazing trips I have never made in my life.第二节：书面表达 （满分25分）假如你是中学生李华，你的美国朋友Jack在上次给你的电子邮件中抱怨最近自己眼睛近视了。请你给他用英语回一封电子邮件，内容如下：1介绍你们班同学近视的情况；2分析造成近视的原因；3给Jack提出一些保护视力的建议。注意：1.词数100-120；邮件的开头和结尾已为你写好。2近视：shortsighted adj. shortsightedness n.Dear Jack， _ _ _ Yours, Li Hua9月月考答案1-3 CDD4-7 BADB8-11 DCBA12-15 BDCA 16-20 GECBF 21-40 DBCDA CCDAD BAADB CACDB41-40 ourselves believing famous but as which changing worse had tried/tried were convinced42. were 改成 was 43.move后加 to 44.meets 改成 met 45. while 改成 when 46. interests 改成 interest 47. the 去掉 48. both 改成 all 49. great 改成 greatly 50. never 改成 ever Dear Jack， Im sorry to hear that you are suffering from shortsightedness too.To be frank，almost eight students out of ten in my class have to wear glasses in order to live a normal school life，including me. As far as Im concerned，many factors contribute to this phenomenon. First，we Chinese students live under a great burden，a burden of examinations. You know，we have to fight our way in life with millions of peers. Second，most of us with shortsightedness dont have a good habit of using our eyes