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Unit 3 A taste of English humour Period 3 Learning about Language课后阅读作业ACharlie Chaplin was one of the famous clown-style actors of the silent time. It was through Chaplin that the Hollywood edy movies became famous. Then in the 1920s came another trend of animated cartoons. They were the most popular Hollywood edy movies of the time. The several popular characters of that era were Felix the cat, Krazy Kat and Betty Boop. However, the popularity of these movies was blocked out due to lack of sound and color. At the end of 1920s, the Hollywood edy industry marked a change brought about by the introduction of sound into the movies. This allowed the industry to create dramatic new film styles and use verbal humour. These films were soon replacing silent movies. These films used dialogues of edians such as the W. C. Fields and the Marx Brothers. Charlie Chaplin was the last edian to have acted in the silent films. When the United States entered into World War, Hollywood movies changed its course to themes related to the conflicts, and Hollywood edy movies described more on military themes. The war time experienced a boom, where restrictions on the traveling made nearly a quarter of the money spent on attending movies. In the 1950s, the interest shifted where the TV became popular. During this time the release of Hollywood edy films declined(衰落). The 1960s saw an increasing number of broad, star-packed edies. In the 1970s Hollywood edy movies reflected the anti-war sentiment, which was popular then. In the 1980s the gag based edy Airplane was released, and Hollywood edy movies paved its way for more of the same. The popular edians of this time included Dudley Moore, Tom Hanks, etc. Jim Carrey, the Canadian actor and a edian, came into Hollywood edy movies in the late 1980s where he won the role in such a edy, Copper Mountain. The most popular Hollywood edy movies were of John Hughes, which includes Ferris Buellers Day Off and Home Alone series of 1990s. The later films focused more on family audience. This was a revival in edy movies. edy movies remain popular till date. 【语篇概述】查理卓别林使好莱坞喜剧电影为更多人所知。卓别林之后好莱坞的喜剧电影又经历了哪些阶段? 每个阶段又有哪些代表人物? 从这篇文章我们能得到答案。1. Why did Hollywood movies grow rapidly during World War? A. People couldnt travel freely. B. People had more money at that time. C. The government spent a lot of money on films. D. People were made to see movies by the government. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段中“The war time experienced a boom, where restrictions on the traveling made nearly a quarter of the money spent on attending movies. ”可知人们的自由旅行受到了限制, 所以人们转而把注意力放在看电影上。2. The theme of the 1970s Hollywood edies is_. A. domestic violenceB. protests against warsC. desire for freedomD. oversea military activities【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“In the 1970s Hollywood edy movies reflected the anti-war sentiment, which was popular then. ”可知20世纪70年代好莱坞喜剧电影的主题是反战。3. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? A. Chaplin made Hollywood edy movies bee famous. B. Tom Hanks was a famous edian during World War. C. At the end of 1920s, the Hollywood edy industry began to bring sound into the movies. D. In the 1950s, the Hollywood edy movies were not as popular as TV. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知Tom Hanks was popular in the 1980s. 故B项不对, 其他选项都能从文中找到答案。4. What does this passage mainly talk about? A. Chaplins contribution to edies. B. Famous edians in Hollywood history. C. Outstanding edies made in Hollywood. D. Development of Hollywood edy movies. 【解析】选D。主旨大意题。本文是按照时间顺序排列的, 主要讲了好莱坞喜剧电影的发展过程。BI live in Hollywood. You may think people in such an attractive, fun-filled place are happier than others. If so, you have some mistaken ideas about the nature of happiness. Many intelligent people still equate happiness with fun. The truth is that fun and happiness have little or nothing in mon. Fun is what we experience during an act. Happiness is what we experience after an act. It is a deeper, more long-lasting emotion. Going to an amusement park or ball game, watching a movie or television, are fun activities that help us relax, temporarily forget our problems and maybe even laugh. But they do not bring happiness, because their positive effects end when the fun ends. I have often thought that if Hollywood stars have a role to play, it is to teach us that happiness has nothing to do with fun. These rich, beautiful individuals have constant access to exciting parties, fancy cars, expensive homes, everything that spells“happiness”. But in memoir(回忆录)after memoir, celebrities reveal the unhappiness hidden beneath all their fun: depression, alcoholism, drag addiction, broken marriages, troubled children, and long-time loneliness. The way people hold on to the belief that a fun-filled, pain-free life equates happiness actually decreases their chances of ever attaining real happiness. If fun and pleasure are equated with happiness, then pain must be equated with unhappiness. But, in fact, the opposite is true: More times than not, things that lead to happiness involve some pain. As a result, many people avoid the very efforts that are the source of true happiness. They fear the pain inevitably brought by such things as marriage, raising children, professional achievement, religious mitment, charitable work and self-improvement. 【语篇概述】本文从各个层面分析快乐和乐趣之间的本质区别, 从而下结论: 乐趣永远代替不了快乐。5. According to the passage, “fun activities”_. A. are the things we do before we find happinessB. may help us relax and forget our problems sometimesC. will lead us to the true happinessD. could provide long-last positive effects【解析】选B。细节理解题。从第二段的倒数第二句Going to an amusement park or ball game, watching a movie or television, are fun activities that help us relax, temporarily forget our problems and maybe even laugh. 可知, 快乐的活动可以帮助我们放松, 有时忘记我们的问题。6. In the authors opinion, those Hollywood stars_. A. possess happiness because they are rich and famousB. experience almost all kinds of happy thingsC. tell us happiness isnt equal to fun using their own storiesD. have to suffer a lot before they bee successful【解析】选C。细节理解题。从第三段第一句I have often thought that if Hollywood stars have a role to play, it is to teach us that happiness has nothing to do with fun. 可知, 好莱坞的明星的故事告诉我们幸福不等于快乐, 故选C。7. It is difficult for people to find real happiness because_. A. they believe happiness is the fun life without painB. they find pain equals unhappinessC. they fear to lose what they already have in lifeD. they are afraid all their efforts were in vain【解析】选A。细节理解题。从第四段第一句The way people hold on to the belief that a fun-filled, pain-free life equates happiness actually decreases their chances of ever attaining real happiness. 可知, 人们认为幸福就是没有痛苦的快乐, 这减少了人们获得幸福的可能性, 故选A。8. The main purpose of the text is to_. A. describe the difference between happiness and funB. show the true meaning of happinessC. encourage people to pursue fun activitiesD. advise people to find their real life【解析】选B。写作意图题。从全篇文章和最后一段第一句As a result, many people avoid the very efforts that are the source of true happiness. 可知, 作者是想告诉我们真正的幸福是什么。故选B。CTiny monitoring devices have bee an increasingly mon way for scientists to study elusive animals that are difficult to track on a day-to-day basis. However, now it seems that smart seals have caught on to the trick and are using it to their advantage to catch fish! To find out if that is true, a team of researchers from the University of St. Andrews in Scotland selected a group often young grey seals that had neither encountered the ocean nor been exposed to any kind of acoustic(声音的)tags. The researchers then placed the seals one at a time, inside a pool that contained 20 foraging boxes, only two of which housed fishone with tags and the other without. Each seal was allowed to explore the boxes twenty separate times. In order to ensure that mammal was not depending on its memory, the fish were moved to different boxes each time. At first, there was no difference in the amount of time it took the seals to discover the tagged and untagged fish. However, after they had been in the pool a few times, they started locating the tagged fish much faster. To confirm that this indeed was the case, there searchers conducted a second experiment using two boxesone with pieces of fish and the other with just acoustic tags. Sure enough, the seals were all attracted to the one that was sending out signals. While this experiment involved only seals, the researchers believe that other marine mammals may also be using the information to catch prey. Sadly, predators like sharks that have been tagged by scientists may be negatively affected, as pings they emit could warn their prey of their presence. Besides potentially messing up natures food chain, the“dinner bell”effect of the acoustic tags could also mean that the conclusions reached by previous fish studies may not be correct. Now that the secret is out, scientists will have to e up with another way to conduct their studiesone that is not detectable by the crafty marine animals. 【语篇概述】研究人员发现, 灰海豹可以利用一些安装在鱼身上的跟踪器来捕获猎物。9. What does the underlined part“the trick”in Paragraph 1 refer to? A. Attaching tiny monitoring devices to sea animals. B. Following the sound that fish make. C. Tracking sea animals on a day-to-day basis. D. Looking for ways to catch fish. 【解析】选A。词义指代题。根据第一段的Tiny monitoring devices have bee an increasingly mon way for scientists to study elusive animals可知, the trick指代的是在海洋动物身上安装跟踪器一事。10. What is implied about the ten young grey seals? A. They have acoustic tags attached to them. B. They have better hearing than normal seals. C. They have been trained to recognize acoustic tags. D. They were not born in the ocean. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第二段的. . . a group often young grey seals that had neither encountered the ocean. . . 可推断, 这些灰海豹不是在海洋里出生的。11. The researchers seem to believe that sharks tagged by scientists_. A. may benefit from the tagsB. may attract seals by mistakeC. may find it hard to find preyD. may be annoyed by the emitted pings【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第五段的Sadly, predators like sharks that have been tagged by scientists may be negatively affected, as pings they emit could warn their prey of their presence. 可推断, 这些研究人员似乎相信安装有这种跟踪器的鲨鱼不好捕食。语法填空阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Everyone needs to know how to prevent a fire. It is also important to know what to do when it 1. _(break)out. Every year, over 11, 000 people 2. _(kill)or injured in house fires. These fires could have been avoided. Smokers who are 3. _(care)cause about 200 deaths and over 6, 000 fires. More than of those 4. _die in fires are poisoned or harmed by smoke. If fire happens, do not attempt to fight the fire unless it is small. Try putting out a small fire with water. If 5. _fire has spread or if the flames are more than 20 inches high, shut the door on it, warn everyone else in the building and tell them to get out. You should leave and dial 911 for the fire department. Before 6. _(go)into a room, check the door. If the handle or the door is hot, do not open it! Instead, put clothing or a wet towel at the bottom of it to keep smoke out. If the door is not hot, open it 7. _(slow). If there is a rush of smoke heat, close it again and shout to warn 8. _(other)inside. Now open the window and shout“Fire! ”. See whether you can drop safely to the ground. Use this 9. _your escape course if you can. If you are not on ground level, break your fall by pushing a mat out first. Lower yourself at arms 10. _(long)before dropping. Once outside, stay out outside and make sure the fire department is called. 【语篇概述】每年发生的火灾可不少, 给我们造成了生命和财产的巨大损失, 火灾发生时, 我们该怎么办呢? 1.【解析】breaks。根据句意, 可知此处叙述的是一般的情况, 故用一般现在时。由于主语是it, 故动词用第三人称单数breaks。2.【解析】are killed。根据关键词every year可知本句要用一般现在时。由于句子的主语是people, 与kill之间是被动关系, 故用一般现在时的被动式, 故填are killed。3.【解析】careless。分析句子, 可知此处要用一个形容词作为表语, 表示状态, 根据句意, 故用careless(粗心的)。4.【解析】who。分析句子, 可知这是一个定语从句, 在从句中缺少主语。由于先行词those是指人, 故关系代词用who。5.【解析】the。由于本空格后的fire是特指某一场火, 故要用定冠词the。6.【解析】going。分析句子可知, 在空格前的before是一个介词, 故其后要用动名词, 故填going。7.【解析】slowly。分析句子, 可知空格前是动词open, 故用副词slowly修饰它。8.【解析】others。分析句子结构, 可知空格前的warn是一个及物动词, 其后要用一个代词作为宾语。根据句意, 故用others。9.【解析】as。在英语中, use sth. as是固定搭配, 意思是: 把某物用作10.【解析】length。分析句子结构, 可知空格前是一个名词所有格, 故空格要用一个名词, 故填length。
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